CN109361318A - 基于dab的单级隔离型pfc变换器直接电流控制系统及控制方法 - Google Patents

基于dab的单级隔离型pfc变换器直接电流控制系统及控制方法 Download PDF

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CN109361318A
CN109361318A CN201811091714.2A CN201811091714A CN109361318A CN 109361318 A CN109361318 A CN 109361318A CN 201811091714 A CN201811091714 A CN 201811091714A CN 109361318 A CN109361318 A CN 109361318A
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CN109361318B (zh
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李国杰
童安平
杭丽君
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4258—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a single converter stage both for correction of AC input power factor and generation of a regulated and galvanically isolated DC output voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/425—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a single converter stage both for correction of AC input power factor and generation of a high frequency AC output voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/338—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement
    • H02M3/3382—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement in a push-pull circuit arrangement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33515—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with digital control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

一种基于DAB的单级隔离型PFC变换器直接电流控制系统及控制方法，通过协调DAB变换器的原边全桥内部移相比、副边全桥内部移相比、原副边之间移相比三个控制量，本发明在对输入电流进行控制时无需设计额外的电流控制器，可以直接通过协调输出电压控制器、输入电压及电流调制环节使得输入电流正弦化，从而降低了系统的成本和控制器设计难度，增强了控制系统的稳定性，提高了动态性能。

Description

基于DAB的单级隔离型PFC变换器直接电流控制系统及控制 方法
技术领域
本发明涉及功率变换，特别是一种基于双向有源桥变换器(以下简称为DAB变换器)的单级隔离型PFC变换器直接电流控制系统及控制方法。
背景技术
随着电力电子技术的发展，高频隔离功率转换将越来越多的应用到电网中，成为实现电网中快速灵活控制的重要手段。而电力电子装置在AC/DC场合的广泛应用，导致电网电流的谐波含量增大并严重危害电网的正常运行。为降低电力电子装置引起的谐波污染、改善电网的电能质量，国际电工委员会颁布及修订了IEC61000-3-2，IEC555-2等谐波标准，对各类用电设备所需达到的谐波标准进行了统一明确的规定。功率因数校正技术(PowerFactor Correction,简称为PFC)可减小电气设备的输入电流畸变，提高输入功率因数，降低变换器对电网的谐波污染，已经成为各类电气设备为达到相关谐波标准所必需的技术手段。采用PFC技术的AC/DC变换器被称为PFC变换器，其可以实现对输入电流波形的正弦化控制、并使其与输入电压相位相同，对输入谐波电流的抑制效果优异，因而得到了广泛的应用与关注。
根据在变换器中是否使用变压器进行隔离，可将AC/DC变换器分为隔离型和非隔离型。在诸多应用场合，为了安全同时也为了实现输入输出电压的匹配，需要采用隔离型AC/DC变换器。从功率变化的形式来划分，隔离型AC/DC变换器可以分为单级式和两级式。而单级式的隔离型AC/DC变换器省去了一级变换器，直接进行能量转换，减小了电路的复杂度，提高了系统效率。
基于移相控制(Phase shift modulation scheme,PSMS)的双有源全桥变流器(Dual Active Bridge-Isolated Bidirectional DC/DC Converter，以下简称为DAB变换器)具有功率密度高、动态响应快、容易实现软开关、原副边电气隔离、功率能双向流动等优点，在不间断电源、电动汽车、固态变压器等场合广受欢迎。而基于DAB的单级隔离型PFC变换器即通过对DAB变换器进行合理地控制，使其输入电流正弦化，从而到达提高功率因数、减小谐波畸变的目的。通常为了控制输入电流，需要加入电流内环控制器。但是电流内环会减小系统的带宽，增加控制系统设计的难度。因此如何合理地控制DAB变换器使得输入电流正弦化，从而实现对于输入电流的直接控制，成为新一代隔离型PFC变换器在高频、高功率密度方向的一大挑战。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明提供一种基于DAB的单级隔离型PFC变换器的直接电流控制系统及其控制方法，可以实现对输入电流的直接控制，无需对输入电流进行闭环，显著降低了控制系统的成本与实现复杂度，提升了变换器的动态性能，更有利于输入电流的正弦化。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术解决方案如下：
一种基于DAB的单级隔离型PFC变换器直接电流控制系统，该系统包括二极管整流电路、DAB变换器主功率电路和EMI滤波器，其特点在于，还有控制器；
所述二极管整流电路包括由D1～D4四个二极管组成的整流全桥、输入交流电压源uin；所述的DAB由输入滤波电容Ci、输出滤波电容Co、原边单相全桥H1、副边单相全桥H2、高频隔离变压器、高频电感L和控制器组成，所述的原边单相全桥H1的4个全控开关器件为S1～S4，副边单相全桥H2的四个全控开关器件为Q1～Q4；所述的原边单相全桥H1的直流母线的正极与输入滤波电容Ci的正极相连，原边单相全桥H1的直流母线的负极与输入滤波电容Ci的负极相连，原边单相全桥H1的交流侧通过高频电感L与高频隔离变压器的原边相连；所述的副边单相全桥H2的直流母线正极与对应直流负载以及输出滤波电容Co的正极相连，副边单相全桥H2的直流母线的负极与对应的直流负载以及输出滤波电容Co的负极相连，副边单相全桥H2的交流侧与高频隔离变压器副边相连，所述的高频隔离变压器的变比为N:1；所述的原边单相全桥的开关器件S1～S4的控制信号的输入端和副边单相全桥的开关器件Q1～Q4的控制信号的输入端与所述的控制器对应的开关信号的输出端相连；所述EMI滤波器包括滤波电感Ldi、滤波电感Lfi和阻尼电阻Rdi，所述滤波电感Ldi与滤波电感Lfi串联，所述阻尼电阻Rdi与滤波电感Ldi并联；所述二极管整流电路的直流母线负极与输入滤波电容Ci的负极相连；所述滤波电感Lfi与输入滤波电容Ci的正极相连；所述二极管整流电路的直流母线正极与滤波电感Ldi相连；
所述的控制器采用数字控制方式，包括A/D采样环节、PI控制器、二倍频脉动数字滤波环节和调制单元；A/D采样环节有两个信号输入端，对PFC变换器输入电压uin与母线输出电压Vout进行采样并进行模拟/数字转换；所述二倍频脉动数字滤波环节为一个二阶带阻滤波器，用于滤除输出电压Vout中包含的二倍频脉动；经PI控制器输出；所述的调制单元将PI控制器的输出x经过限幅之后调制为开关控制信号，其输出端分别与所述的DAB的原副边全桥相应的开关器件S1～S4与Q1～Q4对应的控制信号的输入端相连。
上述基于DAB的单级隔离型PFC变换器直接电流控制系统的控制方法，其特点在于，该方法包括如下步骤：
1)对主功率电路的输入交流电压进行采样，转化为数字信号并求绝对值|uin|[n]；
2)对主功率电路的输出电压进行采样，转化成数字信号，并滤除二倍频脉动后得到输出电压Vout,avg[n]；
3)所述控制器按照公式(1)计算PI控制器的输出Vev[n]
其中，Vref为变换器输出电压参考值，kp为PI控制器比例环节系数，ki为PI控制器积分环节系数，这两个参数的值预先设定，预设范围为0.1≤kp≤10，0.001≤ki≤1；
4)将PI控制器的输出与|uin|[n]相乘，设置赋值限制为[0,1/9]，并将其开平方，得到控制信号x
其中，ku为|uin|[n]的比例系数，该参数预先设定，可为变换器输入电压峰值；
5)将控制信号按如下方式调制为变换器的移相比：D1＝D2＝1-2x D0＝x，所述的调制单元按照所述的原、副边之间的移相比x调制后产生所述的原边全桥内部各开关器件S1～S4的控制信号和副边全桥内部各开关器件Q1～Q4的控制信号：所述的原边全桥内部开关器件S1～S4的控制信号和副边全桥内部开关器件Q1～Q4的控制信号均为占空比为0.5的方波；开关器件S1和S4的控制的移相比为D1，开关器件S2和S3的控制信号相同并与开关器件S1、S4控制信号互补；所述的开关器件Q1和Q4的控制的移相比为D2，开关器件Q2和Q3的控制信号相同并与开关器件Q1、Q4控制信号互补；x为S1控制信号与Q1控制信号之间的移相比；将所述的控制信号分别输入所述的原边单相全桥各开关器件的控制端、副边单相全桥的各开关器件的控制端，完成控制过程。
本发明与现有技术相比，其主要优点和显著效果如下：
传统的PFC变换器为了使得输入电流正弦化，需要电流内环控制器对输入电流进行控制，从而使得输入电流跟踪一个正弦参考信号。但是由于上述闭环调节过程中，内环控制器存在延时和带宽限制，并且需要对电流进行采样，增加了系统的成本和设计复杂程度，并且限制了控制系统的响应速度。本发明在对输入电流进行控制无需设计额外的控制器，可以直接由电压外环的信号实现对输入电流的正弦化，从而降低了系统的成本，提高控制系统的稳定性和快速性。
附图说明
图1是本发明基于DAB的单级隔离型PFC变换器直接电流控制系统结构图。
图2是DAB调制环节原理图。
图3是本发明一个具体实施案例。
图4是采用本发明的控制方法后，PFC变换器的输入电压和电流波形图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明作进一步说明，但不应以此限制本发明的保护范围。
参见图1，图1为本发明采样的基于DAB的单级隔离型PFC变换器直接电流控制系统结构图，该控制系统实施例包括A/D采样模块，二倍频脉动数字滤波器，PI控制器和调制器。各模块以软件方式加载于DSP芯片内，DSP芯片可采用TMS320F28335芯片。该系统还通过驱动模块与PFC变换器的主功率电路相连接构成一个闭环系统。PFC变换器的主功率电路包括二极管整流电路，DAB变换器主功率电路，EMI滤波器和控制系统。
本发明控制系统包括二极管整流电路、DAB变换器主功率电路和EMI滤波器，还有控制器；
所述二极管整流电路包括由D1～D4四个二极管组成的整流全桥、输入交流电压源uin；所述的DAB由输入滤波电容Ci、输出滤波电容Co、原边单相全桥H1、副边单相全桥H2、高频隔离变压器、高频电感L和控制器组成，所述的原边单相全桥H1的4个全控开关器件为S1～S4，副边单相全桥H2的四个全控开关器件为Q1～Q4；所述的原边单相全桥H1的直流母线的正极与输入滤波电容Ci的正极相连，原边单相全桥H1的直流母线的负极与输入滤波电容Ci的负极相连，原边单相全桥H1的交流侧通过高频电感L与高频隔离变压器的原边相连；所述的副边单相全桥H2的直流母线正极与对应直流负载以及输出滤波电容Co的正极相连，副边单相全桥H2的直流母线的负极与对应的直流负载以及输出滤波电容Co的负极相连，副边单相全桥H2的交流侧与高频隔离变压器副边相连，所述的高频隔离变压器的变比为N:1；所述的原边单相全桥的开关器件S1～S4的控制信号的输入端和副边单相全桥的开关器件Q1～Q4的控制信号的输入端与所述的控制器对应的开关信号的输出端相连；所述EMI滤波器包括滤波电感Ldi、滤波电感Lfi和阻尼电阻Rdi，所述滤波电感Ldi与滤波电感Lfi串联，所述阻尼电阻Rdi与滤波电感Ldi并联；所述二极管整流电路的直流母线负极与输入滤波电容Ci的负极相连；所述滤波电感Lfi与输入滤波电容Ci的正极相连；所述二极管整流电路的直流母线正极与滤波电感Ldi相连；
所述EMI滤波器包括滤波电感Ldi、滤波电感Lfi和阻尼电阻Rdi，所述滤波电感Ldi与滤波电感Lfi串联，所述阻尼电阻Rdi与滤波电感Ldi并联；所述二极管整流电路的直流母线负极与输入滤波电容Ci的负极相连；所述滤波电感Lfi与输入滤波电容Ci的正极相连；所述二极管整流电路的直流母线正极与滤波电感Ldi相连；
所述的控制器采用数字控制方式，包括A/D采样环节、PI控制器、二倍频脉动数字滤波环节和调制单元；A/D采样环节有两个信号输入端，对PFC变换器输入电压uin与母线输出电压Vout进行采样并进行模拟/数字转换；所述二倍频脉动数字滤波环节为一个二阶带阻滤波器，用于滤除输出电压Vout中包含的二倍频脉动；经PI控制器输出；所述的调制单元将PI控制器的输出x经过限幅之后调制为开关控制信号，其输出端分别与所述的DAB的原副边全桥相应的开关器件S1～S4与Q1～Q4对应的控制信号的输入端相连。
上述基于DAB的单级隔离型PFC变换器直接电流控制系统的控制方法，包括如下步骤：
4)所述的A/D采样环节对主功率电路的输入交流电压进行采样，转化为数字信号并求绝对值|uin|[n]；
5)所述的A/D采样环节对主功率电路的输出电压进行采样，转化成数字信号，并滤除二倍频脉动后得到输出电压Vout,avg[n]；
6)所述的控制器按照公式(1)计算PI控制器的输出Vev[n]
其中，Vref为变换器输出的电压参考值，kp为PI控制器的比例环节系数，ki为PI控制器的积分环节系数，这两个参数的值预先设定，预设范围为0.1≤kp≤10，0.001≤ki≤1；
4)将PI控制器的输出Vev[n]与|uin|[n]相乘，设置赋值限制为[0,1/9]，并将其开平方，得到控制信号x
其中，ku为|uin|[n]的比例系数，该参数预先设定，可为变换器输入电压峰值；
5)将控制信号x按如下方式调制为变换器的移相比：D1＝D2＝1-2x D0＝x，所述的调制单元按照所述的原边、副边之间的移相比x调制后产生所述的原边全桥内部各开关器件S1～S4的控制信号和副边全桥内部各开关器件Q1～Q4的控制信号：所述的原边全桥内部开关器件S1～S4的控制信号和副边全桥内部开关器件Q1～Q4的控制信号均为占空比为0.5的方波；开关器件S1和S4的控制的移相比为D1，开关器件S2和S3的控制信号相同并与开关器件S1、S4控制信号互补；所述的开关器件Q1和Q4的控制的移相比为D2，开关器件Q2和Q3的控制信号相同并与开关器件Q1、Q4控制信号互补；x为S1控制信号与Q1控制信号之间的移相比；所述的控制信号输入所述的原边单相全桥各开关器件的控制端、副边单相全桥的各开关器件的控制端，完成控制过程。
调制单元原理参见图2，所述的调制单元按照所述的原、副边之间的移相比x调制后产生所述的原边全桥内部各开关器件S1～S4的控制信号和副边全桥内部各开关器件Q1～Q4的控制信号：原边全桥内部开关器件S1～S4的控制信号和副边全桥内部开关器件Q1～Q4的控制信号均为占空比为0.5的方波；开关器件S1和S4控制信号的移相比为D1，开关器件S2和S3的控制信号分别与开关器件S1、S4控制信号互补；所述的开关器件Q1和Q4控制信号的移相比为D2，开关器件Q2和Q3的控制信号与开关器件Q1、Q4控制信号互补；x为S1控制信号与Q1控制信号之间的移相比；将所述的控制信号输入所述的原边单相全桥各开关器件的控制端、副边单相全桥的各开关器件的控制端，完成控制过程，实现对输入电流的直接控制。
实施例一：
参见图3，为本发明的一个具体实例。其主要参数如下：
●输入电压
●输出参考电压Vref＝400V；
●开关频率fs＝50kHz；
●电感L＝40uH；
●变压器匝比N:1＝0.59:1；
●EMI滤波器参数Ldi＝50uH；Lfi＝50uH；Rdi＝5Ω；Ci＝7uF；Co＝1mF；
●带电阻型负载。
图4为交流电源的输出电压和输出电流波形，如图所示，采用本发明直接电流控制方法使电源的输出电流波形跟踪电压波形，从而实现功率因数校正。此时，变换器功率因数PF为0.995，输入电流THD为2.5％。

Claims (2)

1.一种基于DAB的单级隔离型PFC变换器直接电流控制系统，该系统包括二极管整流电路、DAB变换器主功率电路和EMI滤波器，其特征在于，还有控制器；
所述二极管整流电路包括由D1～D4四个二极管组成的整流全桥、输入交流电压源uin；
所述的DAB变换器由输入滤波电容Ci、输出滤波电容Co、原边单相全桥H1、副边单相全桥H2、高频隔离变压器、高频电感L和控制器组成，所述的原边单相全桥H1的4个全控开关器件为S1～S4，副边单相全桥H2的四个全控开关器件为Q1～Q4；所述的原边单相全桥H1的直流母线的正极与所述的滤波电容Ci的正极相连，原边单相全桥H1的直流母线的负极与所述的滤波电容Ci的负极相连，原边单相全桥H1的交流侧通过高频电感L与所述的高频隔离变压器的原边相连；所述的副边单相全桥H2的直流母线正极与对应直流负载以及输出滤波电容Co的正极相连，副边单相全桥H2的直流母线的负极与对应的直流负载以及输出滤波电容Co的负极相连，副边单相全桥H2的交流侧与高频隔离变压器副边相连，所述的高频隔离变压器的变比为N:1；所述的原边单相全桥的开关器件S1～S4的控制信号的输入端和副边单相全桥的开关器件Q1～Q4的控制信号的输入端与所述的控制器对应的开关信号的输出端相连；
所述EMI滤波器包括滤波电感Ldi、滤波电感Lfi和阻尼电阻Rdi，所述滤波电感Ldi与滤波电感Lfi串联，所述阻尼电阻Rdi与滤波电感Ldi并联；所述二极管整流电路的直流母线负极与输入滤波电容Ci的负极相连；所述滤波电感Lfi与输入滤波电容Ci的正极相连；所述二极管整流电路的直流母线正极与滤波电感Ldi相连；
所述的控制器采用数字控制方式，包括A/D采样环节、PI控制器、二倍频脉动数字滤波环节和调制单元；A/D采样环节有两个信号输入端，对PFC变换器输入电压uin与母线输出电压Vout进行采样并进行模拟/数字转换；所述二倍频脉动数字滤波环节为一个二阶带阻滤波器，用于滤除输出电压Vout中包含的二倍频脉动；经PI控制器输出；所述的调制单元将PI控制器的输出x经过限幅之后调制为开关控制信号，其输出端分别与所述的DAB的原副边全桥相应的开关器件S1～S4与Q1～Q4对应的控制信号的输入端相连。
2.权利要求1所述的基于DAB的单级隔离型PFC变换器直接电流控制系统的控制方法，其特征在于，该方法包括如下步骤：
1)所述的A/D采样环节对主功率电路的输入交流电压进行采样，转化为数字信号并求绝对值|uin|[n]；
2)所述的A/D采样环节对主功率电路的输出电压进行采样，转化成数字信号，并滤除二倍频脉动后得到输出电压Vout,avg[n]；
3)所述的控制器按照公式(1)计算PI控制器的输出Vev[n]
其中，Vref为变换器输出的电压参考值，kp为PI控制器的比例环节系数，ki为PI控制器的积分环节系数，这两个参数的值预先设定，预设范围为0.1≤kp≤10，0.001≤ki≤1；
4)将PI控制器的输出Vev[n]与|uin|[n]相乘，设置赋值限制为[0,1/9]，并将其开平方，得到控制信号x
其中，ku为|uin|[n]的比例系数，该参数预先设定，可为变换器输入电压峰值；
5)将控制信号x按如下方式调制为变换器的移相比：D1＝D2＝1-2x D0＝x，所述的调制单元按照所述的原边、副边之间的移相比x调制后产生所述的原边全桥内部各开关器件S1～S4的控制信号和副边全桥内部各开关器件Q1～Q4的控制信号：所述的原边全桥内部开关器件S1～S4的控制信号和副边全桥内部开关器件Q1～Q4的控制信号均为占空比为0.5的方波；开关器件S1和S4的控制的移相比为D1，开关器件S2和S3的控制信号相同并与开关器件S1、S4控制信号互补；所述的开关器件Q1和Q4的控制的移相比为D2，开关器件Q2和Q3的控制信号相同并与开关器件Q1、Q4控制信号互补；x为S1控制信号与Q1控制信号之间的移相比；所述的控制信号输入所述的原边单相全桥各开关器件的控制端、副边单相全桥的各开关器件的控制端，完成控制过程。
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