CN109356175A - The ecological slope protection structure and bank protecting method that plant urase-stalk-plantation combines - Google Patents
The ecological slope protection structure and bank protecting method that plant urase-stalk-plantation combines Download PDFInfo
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- CN109356175A CN109356175A CN201811360310.9A CN201811360310A CN109356175A CN 109356175 A CN109356175 A CN 109356175A CN 201811360310 A CN201811360310 A CN 201811360310A CN 109356175 A CN109356175 A CN 109356175A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2103/00—Civil engineering use
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ecological slope protection structures and bank protecting method that plant urase-stalk-plantation combines, the ecological slope protection structure includes the Slope with multi-step ruggedized construction being laid with upwards along side slope surface from bottom of slope, and every grade of slope reinforcement structure is that plant urase reinforces the processed double-deck fill stratum for being sandwiched between stalk layer of liquid；The plantation of side slope surface has plant.Steps are as follows for the bank protecting method: requiring backfill first layer to banket according to banketing, surface is laid with the stalk of 1~3mm thickness on it, then backfills banketing for 2~5cm thickness on stalk layer, then according to 30~50L/m2The reinforcing liquid for spraying the urase containing plant, obtains first order slope reinforcement structure；Continue backfill, building Slope with multi-step ruggedized construction along side slope surface；After the completion of side slope backfill, in side slope surface planting plants seed；After plantation, entire side slope surface is handled using the reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant, so as to effectively enhance side slope intensity, improves slope stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of protective slope structure and bank protecting method, in particular to a kind of plant urase-stalk-plantation combines
Ecological slope protection structure and bank protecting method, belong to technical field of civil engineering.
Background technique
With China's expanding economy, more and more highways, the infrastructures such as railway are with needing to pass through complicated landform
Looks can face a large amount of engineering problem in the process and need to solve.However the landslide of side slope and avalanche problem are also therein
One of critical issue.In order to avoid or reduce the geological disasters such as slope and land slide and avalanche to the harm of people's lives and properties and to work
The consolidation process of the influence of Cheng Jianshe, side slope is more and more valued by people.
Currently, the reinforcement technique of side slope mainly has: prefabricated section paves protection, friction pile, arcuately grid protection etc..Wherein,
The cost that prefabricated section paves protection is high, construction complicated difficult operation；Anti-slide pile design process is complex, and influence factor is very
More and at high cost, construction is complicated；Arcuately grid construction of prevention work is cumbersome, large labor intensity, requires strictly slope surface, must in arch
Other Engineering protection must be carried out, otherwise easily by rainwater erosion.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome existing reinforcing side slope technique, there are at high cost, construction is complicated, it is stringent etc. to require slope surface
Problem, the present invention provide a kind of ecological slope protection structure that plant urase-stalk-plantation combines, and provide a kind of based on the shield
The bank protecting method of slope structure.
Technical solution: the ecological slope protection structure that plant urase-stalk-plantation of the present invention combines, including along side
The Slope with multi-step ruggedized construction that slope slope surface is laid with upwards from bottom of slope, every grade of slope reinforcement structure include the reinforcing by the urase containing plant
The processed three layers structure of liquid, the three layers structure from bottom to top be respectively the first fill stratum, stalk layer and the second fill stratum,
The reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant permeates the second fill stratum, stalk layer, until in the first fill stratum；And the plantation of side slope surface has plant
Object.
Wherein, the reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant is formulated by bean powder, processing powder and water, wherein bean powder and processing powder
Mass ratio is 1:1~1:2, and the mass ratio for handling powder and water is 1:10~1:20；Processing powder includes that molar ratio is 2:1~1:2
Urea and calcium salt.Calcium salt is soluble calcium salt, can be selected from one or more of calcium nitrate, calcium chloride, calcium acetate.
Preferably, in every grade of slope reinforcement structure, the first fill stratum with a thickness of engineered fill height, and wherein by containing plant
The processed filled slope of reinforcing liquid of object urase is 2~5cm；Stalk layer with a thickness of 1~3mm, the thickness of the second fill stratum
For 2~5cm.
Preferably, slope reinforcement structure is obtained at least once by the reinforcing liquid processing of the urase containing plant, the urase containing plant
Reinforcing liquid single treatment dosage is 30~50L/m2。
More preferably, side slope surface is covered with solid soil layer, which reinforces liquid processing side slope surface extremely by urase containing plant
It is few once to obtain.When handling side slope surface, the reinforcing liquid single treatment dosage of the urase containing plant is preferably 30~50L/m2。
The ecological bank protecting method that a kind of plant urase-stalk-plantation of the present invention combines, includes the following steps:
1) it bankets according to the requirement backfill first layer that bankets, obtain the first fill stratum, be laid with stalk on its surface, then in stalk
It bankets on layer, obtain the second fill stratum, to the three layers structure being made of the first fill stratum, stalk layer and the second fill stratum
It is handled using the reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant, the reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant permeates the second fill stratum, stalk layer, until first fills out
In soil layer, first order slope reinforcement structure is obtained；
2) step 1) is repeated, continues backfill, building Slope with multi-step ruggedized construction along side slope surface；
3) after side slope backfill height meets the fixed requirement of side slope, in side slope surface planting plants seed；
4) after planting, entire side slope surface is handled using the reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant.
Wherein, the reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant is formulated by bean powder, processing powder and water, and it is 2 that processing powder, which includes molar ratio:
The urea and calcium salt of 1~1:2；Wherein, the mass ratio of the bean powder and processing powder is 1:1~1:2, handles the mass ratio of powder and water
For 1:10~1:20.
Preferably, in step 1), can the second layer banket surface spray the urase containing plant reinforcing liquid by way of
Manage three layers structure, the reinforcing liquid infiltration second layer of the urase containing plant bankets, stalk layer, until first layer bankets in.It adopts into one
Step, when being handled three layers structure using the reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant or handled entire side slope surface, number of processes is at least
Once, and the reinforcing liquid single treatment dosage of the urase containing plant is preferably 30~50L/m2。
In above-mentioned every grade of slope reinforcement structure, first layer banket with a thickness of engineered fill height, and wherein by contain plant
The processed filled slope of reinforcing liquid of urase is 2~5cm.Stalk layer with a thickness of preferably 1~3mm, what the second layer banketed
Thickness is preferably 2~5cm.
Inventive principle: being laid with stalk in two layers of side slope backfill, by stalk reinforcement, enhances side slope intensity；Meanwhile it adopting
Reinforce liquid processing side slope backfill and side slope surface with plant urase, the carbonate generated using hydrolysis of urea reaction with reacted
The rising of pH promotes the crystallization of calcite in journey, on the one hand cementing side slope backfill, has slope reinforcement structure very high strong
Degree and very strong bond effectively enhance side slope intensity, on the other hand, tie muscle material and the effectively cementing formation of backfill integrally
Structure improves ruggedized construction globality, improves side slope intensity to be more advantageous to, in addition, also can effectively avoid the wind erosion of side slope surface,
Making the infiltration coefficient of the side slope surface soil body reduces, and water retention property improves, so that the environment that vegetation has conducive to growth.
The utility model has the advantages that compared with prior art, remarkable advantage of the invention are as follows: (1) the plant urase that the present invention uses adds
It is a kind of pure natural reinforcing side slope technique that consolidation, which closes stalk reinforcement and the ecological vestige of planting, by nature
Generally existing bioprocess effectively enhances side slope intensity, improves slope stability；(2) the ecological vestige whole process
Middle material therefor directly take it is be used for naturally naturally, and play the role of turning waste into wealth to straw, compared to tradition
Method for reinforcing side slope has significant economic advantages, and environmental protection and public nuisance free, and construction quality is easily controllable, both meets slope reinforcement
The demand of engineering meets the theory of ecological slope protection again；(3) ecological bank protecting method easy construction of the invention is convenient, operability
By force, process cycle is short and durability is good.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for the ecological slope protection structure that plant urase-stalk-plantation of the invention combines；
Fig. 2 is single-stage slope ruggedized construction schematic diagram in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is processing and untreated samples mechanical property comparison diagram.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Such as the ecological slope protection structure that Fig. 1, plant urase-stalk-plantation of the invention are combined, including along 1 slope surface of side slope
The Slope with multi-step ruggedized construction 2 being laid with upwards from bottom of slope.Such as Fig. 2, every grade of slope reinforcement structure 2 is the reinforcing by the urase containing plant
The processed three layers structure of liquid, the three layers structure are followed successively by the first fill stratum 21, stalk layer 22 and second from bottom to top
Fill stratum 23, the reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant permeates the second fill stratum 23, stalk layer 22, until in the first fill stratum 21, in Fig. 2
Rectangular frame region in three layers structure is the processed region of reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant.Wherein, the first fill stratum
21 with a thickness of engineered fill height, middle and upper part is banketed to be processed by the reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant, processed portion of banketing
Thickness is divided to be generally 2~5cm；Second fill stratum 23 with a thickness of 2~5cm, this layer is all by the reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant
It managed；Stalk layer 22 is thin layer, and thickness is generally 1~3mm, this layer is also all by the reinforcing liquid processing by the urase containing plant
It crosses；Stalk generally selects the straw after drying and rolling, such as wheat stalk, soybean stalk, rice straw.
Plant urase uses the soybean rich in urase to extract, and can be crushed using the soya bean of high-quality drying and wear into bean powder, then
Bean powder and processing powder and water are prepared in proportion, the reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant is made.Handle powder ingredient be urea and calcium salt,
The molar ratio of the two is 2:1~1:2；Calcium salt is generally soluble calcium salt, can be selected from calcium nitrate, calcium chloride, one in calcium acetate
Kind is several.When preparing the reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant, the mass ratio of bean powder and processing powder is 1:1~1:2, handles powder and water
Mass ratio is 1:10~1:20.
Method using the reinforcing liquid processing side slope backfill of the urase containing plant is usually sprinkling processing, using urea containing plant
When the three layers structure of enzyme reinforced in liquid processing slope reinforcement structure, number of processes is that at least once, processing once used amount is
30~50L/m2, treating capacity control can obtain preferable effect in the range, and save time and cost.
Different slope reinforcement requirements can be met by the sprinkling number of the reinforcing liquid of adjusting urase containing plant.When need
When repeatedly spraying, it is spaced 1-3h between adjacent number of processes, so that urea hydrolysis sufficiently carries out, can save and be processed into
This, and product crystal habit can be improved, reinforce consolidation effect.It will increase material cost if interval time is too short, when interval
Between the too long time cost that will increase construction and cost of labor, in this time frame in can obtain while cost is reduced compared with
Good effect.
The laying height of slope reinforcement structure 2 requires to determine according to specific slope reinforcement.1 surface of side slope, which is also planted, to be implanted with
Object 4, slope table face described herein include being equipped with the part side slope surface of slope reinforcement structure and not being laid with slope reinforcement
The part side slope surface of structure, the types of 4 kinds of plant plants are to be easy to grow and the plants such as the more developed small grass of root system, can be on side
The plantation of 1 surface portion position of slope, can also be in the entire equal planting plants in side slope surface.
To avoid side slope surface from eroding, the water retention property of the side slope surface soil body is improved, has plant conducive to the ring grown
Border can cover solid soil layer 3 on side slope surface, obtain Gu soil layer 3 reinforces liquid processing 1 surface of side slope by urase containing plant, at single
Reason amount is 30~50L/m2, number of processes can also adjust according to demand.
The ecological bank protecting method that a kind of plant urase-stalk-plantation of the invention combines, includes the following steps:
1) backfill of side slope soil is carried out first: requiring backfill first layer to banket according to banketing, with a thickness of engineered fill thickness
Degree, later the first layer banket surface be laid with stalk, stalk is thin layer, and thickness is about 1~3mm, then in stalk layer
The upper backfill second layer bankets, and thickness is about 2~5cm；Bean powder and processing powder, water are prepared in proportion, mixing, which is made, to be contained
The reinforcing liquid of plant urase, according to 30~50L/m2Single treatment dosage be sprayed at the second layer and banket surface, treatment fluid passes through
Osmosis is handled always to first layer and is banketed middle certain thickness (2~5cm) by second layer surface of banketing, and number of processes can be one
It is secondary or multiple, it requires to determine according to slope reinforcement；After the completion of processing, first order slope reinforcement structure is obtained；
2) repeat step 1), construct Slope with multi-step ruggedized construction, i.e., repeatedly backfill, paving stalk, backfill, reinforce liquid at
The step of reason, until side slope backfill is completed；
3) after side slope backfill height meets the fixed requirement of side slope, in side slope surface planting plants seed；
4) after planting, using the reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant according to 30~50L/m2Single treatment dosage at
Entire side slope surface is managed, forms solid soil layer on side slope surface；Number of processes can require true to be one or many according to slope reinforcement
It is fixed.So far, entire slope reinforcement process is completed.
Embodiment 1
The first step prepares bean powder: will dry soya bean, be placed in pulverizer and crush, sieve with 100 mesh sieve that net is spare (to need low temperature dry
Dry, hermetically storing, with anti-metamorphic).
Preparation processing powder: urea is mixed with calcium chloride that (current existing system, prevents reagent from becoming by second step according to molar ratio 1:1
Matter).
Side slope earthen backfill: third step requires backfill first layer to banket, backfills with a thickness of engineered fill thickness according to banketing.
4th step is paved with a thin layer of straw of 2 millimeters thicks in upper surface of banketing.
5th step is banketed in the second layer that stalk top backfills 4 cm thicks.
6th step, preparation plant urase reinforce liquid: the bean powder and processing powder of quality such as weighing, and according to bean powder and water 1:15
Mass ratio be added water be stirred mixing.
7th step bankets surface according to 40L/m in the second layer2Requirement sprinkling plant urase reinforce liquid, sprinkling terminates
Afterwards, first order slope reinforcement structure is obtained.
8th step repeats step 3 and continues to backfill as required on first order slope reinforcement structure top to seven, until side slope is returned
It completes into.
9th step, after the completion of the backfill of entire side slope, in side slope surface planting plants seed.
Tenth step, after planting, on entire side slope surface according to 40L/m2Requirement sprinkling plant urase reinforce
Liquid.
Embodiment 2
The first step prepares bean powder: by dry soya bean, being placed in pulverizer and crushes, it is spare to sieve with 100 mesh sieve net.
Preparation processing powder: second step urea is mixed with calcium chloride according to molar ratio 2:1.
Side slope earthen backfill: third step requires backfill first layer to banket, backfills with a thickness of engineered fill thickness according to banketing.
4th step is paved with a thin layer of straw of 1 millimeters thick in upper surface of banketing.
5th step is banketed in the second layer that stalk top backfills 3 cm thicks.
6th step, preparation plant urase reinforce liquid: weigh mass ratio be 1:2 bean powder and processing powder, and according to bean powder with
The mass ratio of water 1:10 is added water and is stirred mixing.
7th step bankets surface according to 30L/m in the second layer2Requirement sprinkling plant urase reinforce liquid, sprinkling terminates
Afterwards, first order slope reinforcement structure is obtained.
8th step repeats step 3 and continues to backfill as required on first order slope reinforcement structure top to seven, until side slope is returned
It completes into.
9th step, after the completion of the backfill of entire side slope, in side slope surface planting plants seed.
Tenth step, after planting, on entire side slope surface according to 50L/m2Requirement sprinkling plant urase reinforce
Liquid.
Embodiment 3
The first step prepares bean powder: by dry soya bean, being placed in pulverizer and crushes, it is spare to sieve with 100 mesh sieve net.
Preparation processing powder: second step urea is mixed with calcium chloride according to molar ratio 1:2.
Side slope earthen backfill: third step requires backfill first layer to banket, backfills with a thickness of engineered fill thickness according to banketing.
4th step is paved with a thin layer of straw of 3 millimeters thicks in upper surface of banketing.
5th step is banketed in the second layer that stalk top backfills 5 cm thicks.
6th step, preparation plant urase reinforce liquid: the bean powder and processing powder of quality such as weighing, and according to bean powder and water 1:20
Mass ratio be added water be stirred mixing.
7th step bankets surface according to 50L/m in the second layer2Requirement sprinkling plant urase reinforce liquid, sprinkling terminates
Afterwards, first order slope reinforcement structure is obtained.
8th step repeats step 3 and continues to backfill as required on first order slope reinforcement structure top to seven, until side slope is returned
It completes into.
9th step, after the completion of the backfill of entire side slope, in side slope surface planting plants seed.
Tenth step, after planting, on entire side slope surface according to 30L/m2Requirement sprinkling plant urase reinforce
Liquid.
Experiment one: reinforcement performance testing experiment
(1) it prepares sample: simulating reinforcing layer treatment process in diameter 50mm, high 100mm mold and prepare three axis samples.It is first
The sand of 49mm high is first added, then the tiny stalk fibre of spreading 2mm thickness, adds the sand of 49mm high, finally in sample
Surface sprays plant urase in 4 examples 1 and reinforces liquid, sprays 80ml every time.In addition, the sand of any processing is not made in production one
Sample is as a control group.
(2) stress path tests: constant using holding deviatoric stress 275kPa to simulate slope, mean stress
The stress path at the uniform velocity reduced is tested.
Test result such as Fig. 3, it is 210kPa that untreated samples, which start mean stress when destroying, and sample starts brokenly after processing
The mean stress of bad when is 175kPa, it is seen that treated, and sample starts mean stress when destroying less than untreated samples destruction
When mean stress, thus, processing after sample it is more stable compared with untreated samples.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ecological slope protection structure that plant urase-stalk-plantation combines, which is characterized in that including along side slope surface from
The Slope with multi-step ruggedized construction that bottom of slope is laid with upwards, every grade of slope reinforcement structure include being processed by the reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant
Three layers structure, the three layers structure from bottom to top be respectively the first fill stratum, stalk layer and the second fill stratum, it is described containing plant
The reinforcing liquid of object urase permeates the second fill stratum, stalk layer, until in the first fill stratum；The side slope surface plantation has plant.
2. the ecological slope protection structure that plant urase-stalk-plantation according to claim 1 combines, which is characterized in that institute
The reinforcing liquid for stating the urase containing plant is formulated by bean powder, processing powder and water, wherein the mass ratio of bean powder and processing powder is 1:1
~1:2, the mass ratio for handling powder and water is 1:10~1:20；The processing powder includes the urea and calcium that molar ratio is 2:1~1:2
Salt.
3. the ecological slope protection structure that plant urase-stalk-plantation according to claim 2 combines, which is characterized in that institute
State in slope reinforcement structure, the first fill stratum with a thickness of engineered fill height, and wherein by the reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant
The filled slope managed is 2~5cm；Stalk layer with a thickness of 1~3mm, the second fill stratum with a thickness of 2~5cm.
4. the ecological slope protection structure that plant urase-stalk-plantation according to claim 1 combines, which is characterized in that institute
It states slope reinforcement structure to be obtained at least once by the reinforcing liquid processing of the urase containing plant, the reinforcing liquid single treatment of the urase containing plant
Dosage is 30~50L/m2。
5. the ecological slope protection structure that plant urase-stalk-plantation according to claim 1 combines, which is characterized in that
The side slope surface is covered with solid soil layer, which is obtained at least once by the reinforcing liquid processing side slope surface of the urase containing plant
It arrives, and the reinforcing liquid single treatment dosage of the urase containing plant is 30~50L/m2。
6. a kind of ecological bank protecting method that plant urase-stalk-plantation combines, which comprises the steps of:
1) it is banketed according to the requirement backfill first layer that bankets, is laid with stalk on first layer surface of banketing, then backfill on stalk layer the
Two layers are banketed, to banketed by first layer, stalk layer and the second layer banket the three layers structure that constitutes using the urase containing plant plus
Solid-liquid processing, obtains first order slope reinforcement structure；
2) step 1) is repeated, continues backfill, building Slope with multi-step ruggedized construction along side slope surface；
3) after side slope backfill height meets the fixed requirement of side slope, in side slope surface planting plants seed；
4) after planting, entire side slope surface is handled using the reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant.
7. the ecological bank protecting method that plant urase-stalk-plantation according to claim 6 combines, which is characterized in that institute
The reinforcing liquid for stating the urase containing plant is formulated by bean powder, processing powder and water, wherein the mass ratio of bean powder and processing powder is 1:1
~1:2, the mass ratio for handling powder and water is 1:10~1:20；The processing powder includes the urea and calcium that molar ratio is 2:1~1:2
Salt.
8. the ecological bank protecting method that plant urase-stalk-plantation according to claim 6 combines, which is characterized in that step
It is rapid 1) in, the second layer banket surface spray the urase containing plant reinforcing liquid by way of handle the three layers structure, contain
The reinforcing liquid infiltration second layer of plant urase bankets, stalk layer, until first layer bankets in.
9. the ecological bank protecting method that plant urase-stalk-plantation according to claim 6 combines, which is characterized in that every
In grade slope reinforcement structure, first layer banket with a thickness of engineered fill height, stalk layer with a thickness of 1~3mm, the second layer is filled out
Soil with a thickness of 2~5cm.
10. the ecological bank protecting method that plant urase-stalk-plantation according to claim 6 combines, which is characterized in that
When being handled three layers structure using the reinforcing liquid of the urase containing plant or handled entire side slope surface, number of processes is at least one
It is secondary, and the reinforcing liquid single treatment dosage of the urase containing plant is 30~50L/m2。
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| CN201811360310.9A CN109356175A (en) | 2018-11-15 | 2018-11-15 | The ecological slope protection structure and bank protecting method that plant urase-stalk-plantation combines |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113773843A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-12-10 | 北京航天恒丰科技股份有限公司 | Slope protection composition based on microbial curing and application thereof |
| CN113956886A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2022-01-21 | 北京航天恒丰科技股份有限公司 | Microbial agent slope protection method based on microbial solidification |
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| JP2002125494A (en) * | 2000-10-18 | 2002-05-08 | Aisan Ind Co Ltd | Water culture apparatus |
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| CN113773843A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-12-10 | 北京航天恒丰科技股份有限公司 | Slope protection composition based on microbial curing and application thereof |
| CN113956886A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2022-01-21 | 北京航天恒丰科技股份有限公司 | Microbial agent slope protection method based on microbial solidification |
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