CN109354182B - Ecological device for household sewage treatment and reclaimed water recycling - Google Patents
Ecological device for household sewage treatment and reclaimed water recycling Download PDFInfo
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- CN109354182B CN109354182B CN201811535299.5A CN201811535299A CN109354182B CN 109354182 B CN109354182 B CN 109354182B CN 201811535299 A CN201811535299 A CN 201811535299A CN 109354182 B CN109354182 B CN 109354182B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000207740 Lemna minor Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000006439 Lemna minor Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000001855 Portulaca oleracea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000252185 Cobitidae Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007954 hypoxia Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000026873 Alternanthera philoxeroides Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000004012 Calla palustris Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000006620 Calla palustris Species 0.000 claims 1
- 240000003461 Setaria viridis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000002248 Setaria viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010086 Setaria viridis var. viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 241000223600 Alternaria Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000270728 Alligator Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000428811 Alternanthera Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000223602 Alternaria alternata Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001596950 Larimichthys crocea Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000723347 Cinnamomum Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008436 Ipomoea aquatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019004 Ipomoea aquatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001311547 Patina Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001089 mineralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/2806—Anaerobic processes using solid supports for microorganisms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/002—Grey water, e.g. from clothes washers, showers or dishwashers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological device for domestic sewage treatment and reclaimed water recycling, which comprises a heat preservation water collection device, an anaerobic pond and an ecological pond; the anaerobic pond and the ecological pond in the device are nested and distributed in a shape like a Chinese character 'Hui', so that the space is saved, and the space use efficiency is improved; the device skillfully utilizes the gravity action of rainfall to realize the reverse cleaning of the water permeable wall, and solves the problem that the water permeable wall is easy to block; the greenhouse heat preservation function of the device can obviously improve the sewage treatment efficiency of the anaerobic pond and ensure the normal operation in winter, and the greenhouse heat preservation function and the physical barrier function of the device can enlarge the candidate species library of the ecological pond, so that the ecological pond can use foreign plants which grow rapidly, are pollution-resistant, low-oxygen-resistant and low-temperature-resistant, ensure the efficient operation of the ecological pond in winter, and simultaneously avoid the diffusion risk of the foreign species. The device is specially designed for scattered farmers, and realizes zero emission of the domestic production pollution of the farmers.
Description
Technical field:
the invention relates to a water treatment ecological device, in particular to an ecological device for collecting and treating rural domestic sewage, scattered cultivation wastewater and rainwater, which is suitable for semi-humid, arid, warm temperate zone, hilly or mountain areas and rural scattered courtyards which cannot be connected with the grid in plain areas.
Background
With the continuous development of rural economy and the improvement of the living standard of farmers in China, the daily discharge of rural domestic sewage is increased year by year; because the residents in the rural areas are relatively scattered, the sewage pipe network is difficult to cover all rural families, especially some hilly and mountain areas; the sewage treatment facilities are idle and wasted, the real situation is that the direct discharge of domestic sewage is still common, the living environment in rural areas is seriously influenced, and the discharge of sewage also causes the increase of the nutrient load of rivers and the eutrophication of lakes.
At present, most rural sewage treatment processes and technologies focus on village domestic production sewage centralized treatment (patent number CN 104926038B), and the disadvantages are as follows: firstly, it is difficult to cover all farmers, and secondly, it is difficult to operate efficiently due to lack of funds. The technology of the dispersibility taking families as a treatment unit is less, and mainly comprises a sewage well and a septic tank technology. Although the sewage well is simple to manage and low in cost, the sewage well can cause pollution of underground water after long-term use; the septic tank has the defects that peculiar smell is discharged frequently, slag removal is complex, and the appearance is influenced.
On the other hand, the construction of the beautiful villages relates to the new rural landscape greening, the water demand is increased, the application of the reclaimed water recycling technology is more and more extensive in northern areas with relatively short water resources, and the reclaimed water recycling technology is mainly concentrated in villages and towns for centralized treatment similar to the sewage treatment technology, and the reclaimed water recycling technology of single rural families is relatively deficient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a treatment device for domestic sewage and scattered cultivation wastewater by taking a single rural family as a unit, which combines sewage treatment and reclaimed water recycling technologies, and solves the problem that domestic production sewage of living scattered farmers cannot be discharged in a grid connection mode; solving the demand of rural family landscape greening water in areas with water resource shortage in China; meanwhile, the problem of odor emission is solved, and meanwhile, the landscape ecological function is considered; and village concentrate sewage ecological pond project, the scale is small, convenient management, easy operation, labour saving and time saving. By implementing the technology, a single rural family can realize zero discharge of domestic and cultivation wastewater and provide a water source for rural family landscape greening. The technology has wide application prospect in future new rural construction and beautiful rural construction.
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the ecological device comprises a rainwater collecting device, an anaerobic pond area and an ecological pond area, wherein the ecological pond area is divided into a shallow water area at two ends and a deep water area at the middle part by a low-permeability inner wall, the anaerobic pond area is arranged on the outer layer of the ecological pond area and is physically isolated from the two sides of the shallow water area and the deep water area through a water-impermeable wall, the anaerobic pond area is also communicated with the shallow water area through a high-permeability inner wall, the high-permeability inner wall is used for filtering sewage or aquaculture wastewater in the anaerobic pond area, a water-impermeable outer enclosing wall is arranged on the outer side of the anaerobic pond area, and the sewage or aquaculture wastewater enters the anaerobic pond area from the water-impermeable outer enclosing wall opposite to the water-impermeable wall; the sand soil layer is filled at the bottoms of the anaerobic pond area and the ecological pond area, an organic filler layer is also arranged at the upper part of the sand soil layer of the anaerobic pond area, the organic filler layer is suspended on the surface of sewage or cultivation wastewater in the anaerobic pond area, and snails, small floating plants, emergent aquatic plants and benthonic fishes are arranged in the ecological pond area; the rainwater collecting device comprises a glass greenhouse and a rainwater collecting pipe, wherein the rainwater collecting pipe is used for collecting and draining rainwater collected by the glass greenhouse to the bottom of the shallow water area, reversely flushing and permeating water and high internal wall, and the glass greenhouse covers the upper part of the anaerobic pond area and is also used for preserving heat of the anaerobic pond area and the ecological pond area.
According to the ecological device for domestic sewage treatment and reclaimed water reuse, preferably, the overlooking cross sections of the ecological pond area and the anaerobic pond area are rectangular, the permeable low inner wall is constructed parallel to the impermeable wall and is used for dividing the ecological pond area into the shallow water area on two sides and the middle deep water area, the heights of the impermeable outer enclosing wall, the inner enclosing wall and the permeable low inner wall are sequentially reduced, and the permeable low inner wall is used for slowing down the free exchange of liquid media in the shallow water area and the deep water area.
In the ecological device for domestic sewage treatment and reclaimed water reuse, preferably, the thickness of the sand layer filled in the shallow water area is thicker than the sand layer filled in the deep water area and the anaerobic pond area.
According to the ecological device for domestic sewage treatment and reclaimed water recycling, preferably, the deep water area is uniformly implanted with a plurality of wood piles for breeding snails and small-sized floating plants, wherein the snails are pollution-resistant and low-oxygen-resistant ring-edge snails, and the small-sized floating plants comprise duckweed and red river.
In the ecological device for domestic sewage treatment and reclaimed water recycling, preferably, the sand soil layer is 0.1-0.2m deep, the organic filler layer is 0.1-0.2m thick, and the organic filler layer is one or a mixture of a plurality of bacteria sticks, corncobs, straws or wheat straws.
According to the ecological device for domestic sewage treatment and reclaimed water recycling, preferably, the bottom of the rainwater collecting pipe is lower than the low-permeability inner wall between the shallow water area and the deep water area of the ecological pond area, the outlet of the rainwater collecting pipe faces the anaerobic pond, the stress switch is arranged in the rainwater collecting pipe, and the stress switch is opened when rainwater in the rainwater collecting pipe reaches the threshold value of 500 mm.
In the ecological device for domestic sewage treatment and reclaimed water reuse, preferably, the length of the watertight wall is 2-3 times that of the watertight high inner wall, so that the detention time of sewage and organic residues in the anaerobic pond area is prolonged.
In the ecological device for domestic sewage treatment and reclaimed water reuse, preferably, the emergent aquatic plants comprise the armpit algae, the alligator alternanthera and the yellow croaker, and the benthic fish comprises pollution-resistant and low-oxygen loaches and scavenger fishes.
In the ecological device for domestic sewage treatment and reclaimed water reuse, preferably, sewage or culture wastewater enters the anaerobic pond area from the upper part of the impermeable peripheral wall opposite to the impermeable wall.
In the ecological device for domestic sewage treatment and reclaimed water reuse, preferably, the anaerobic pond area and the ecological pond area are both built on a watertight foundation.
The invention has the conception that: the domestic sewage or the cultivation wastewater and the organic residues enter an anaerobic pond area through a water pipe, and the filtrate passes through a water permeable wall to reach an ecological pond area after filtration, adsorption, sedimentation, decomposition and mineralization in the anaerobic pond area; the ecological pond area consists of shallow water areas on two sides and a deep water area in the middle, and filtrate is purified in the shallow water areas and finally reaches the deep water area; when no rainfall event occurs, the wastewater or organic residues sequentially pass through a water pipe, an anaerobic pond area, an outer permeable wall, a shallow water area of an ecological pond area and an inner permeable wall to reach a deep water area of the ecological pond area; the heat-insulating rain collecting device consists of a glass greenhouse and a rain collecting pipe, and when a rainfall event occurs, rainwater flows to a shallow water area of the ecological pond area through the rain collecting pipe, passes through the outer water permeable wall, then flows to the anaerobic pond area and the ecological pond area, and reversely flushes the outer water permeable wall.
The anaerobic pond area and the ecological pond area are in a reverse-U-shaped structure, the anaerobic pond area is arranged at the periphery, the ecological pond area is arranged at the center, and the anaerobic pond area surrounds the ecological pond area; the overall planar layout of the anaerobic pond area and the ecological pond area is rectangular, and the length is about 2-3 times of the width; sewage or organic residues enter the anaerobic pond area from the inlets of the two long sides of the anaerobic pond area at the same time, but the long-side inner wall of the anaerobic pond area is watertight, and the short-side inner wall is watertight, so that the detention time of the sewage and the organic residues is prolonged.
Filling sand matrix at the bottom of the anaerobic pond area, obtaining sand nearby, and ensuring the matrix depth to be 0.1-0.2m; the upper part of the sandy soil is filled with organic filler with the thickness of 0.1-0.2m, wherein the organic filler comprises fungus sticks, corncobs, rice straws or wheat straws and the like; the sewage or organic residues are partially converted into soluble inorganic salts or soluble organic matters (DOM) through the processes of filtering, adsorbing, settling, decomposing, mineralizing and the like in the anaerobic pond.
The shallow water area is filled with water thicker than the deep water area; the shallow water area and the deep water area are separated by a water permeable wall which is lower than the outer wall of the ecological pond area but higher than the matrix of the shallow water area, so that the free exchange of the water bodies in the shallow water area and the deep water area is slowed down.
Emergent aquatic plants are planted in the shallow water area of the ecological pond area, and plant varieties of the emergent aquatic plants comprise the armpit algae, the water spinach, the yellow water faucet and the like; the plants are freely matched and combined for use, and the different climatic periods of the plants are fully utilized; the plant variety to be selected originates from tropical and subtropical areas, grows rapidly and has high tolerance to ammonia nitrogen.
Planting small floating plants in a deep water area of an ecological pond area, wherein plant varieties comprise duckweed, red river, and the like; the plants are also freely matched and combined for use, and the different climatic periods of the plants are fully utilized; some snails are put in the deep water area, mainly pollution-resistant and low-oxygen ring snails; some fishes are bred in the deepwater area, mainly loaches and scavenger fishes which are pollution-resistant and low in oxygen content; and arranging a fine wood pile in the deepwater area to provide a carrier for attaching the snails.
The water level of the ecological pond area is maintained to a certain extent, and when the water level is higher than the water permeable low inner wall, landscape greening plants are irrigated by extraction according to the requirement.
The anaerobic pond area is replaced with organic filler and sand matrix once a year.
The ecological device for treating the sewage and recycling the reclaimed water of the local families has the average household area of 2-4m 2 。
The plants in the ecological pond area are salvaged regularly according to the biomass.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the device is developed aiming at scattered rural families, solves the problem of sewage treatment of some rural families which cannot be connected with the grid, and realizes zero discharge of the domestic culture wastewater of the scattered farmers.
2. The device combines the sewage treatment, the water collecting system and the reclaimed water recycling technology, solves the sewage treatment problem, provides a landscape greening water source and saves the 'water supply' resource.
3. The main purpose of this device is to reduce the content of ammonia nitrogen in domestic sewage and the breed waste water to reduce sewage and waste water and to the toxic action of plant, make the normal water that produces can directly be used for the gardens watering, and provide the nutrient for landscape plants.
4. Compared with the traditional plane layout project, the three-dimensional layout of the device saves space.
5. The anaerobic pond area and the ecological pond area of the device are nested in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui', the anaerobic pond area is wrapped by the ecological pond area, and the anaerobic pond area is arranged in series with the traditional layout project, so that the space utilization efficiency is improved.
6. The anaerobic pond and the ecological pond of the device are connected through the water permeable wall, so that the space is saved.
7. And a permeable wall between the anaerobic pond area and the ecological pond area is backwashed by pulse force formed by rainwater collection, so that the blockage of the anaerobic pond area and the ecological pond area is prevented.
8. The anaerobic pond area of the device is added with organic fillers which are mainly from straws, corncobs, fungus sticks and the like after agricultural production, the materials are convenient to obtain, and the fillers not only have deodorizing function, but also provide carbon sources for microorganism metabolism.
9. The greenhouse in the device improves the anaerobic pond area, promotes the efficiency of the anaerobic pond area, and simultaneously solves the problem of low efficiency of the anaerobic pond area in northern areas.
10. Plants (such as Alternaria glabra and Alternaria alternifolia) and animals (such as scavenger fish and Cinnamomum campanum) selected in the ecological pond area in the device are resistant to pollution and hypoxia and grow rapidly, but most of the organisms originate from tropical or subtropical areas and are not resistant to low temperature, and the greenhouse in the device increases the temperature of the ecological pond area, so that the contradiction is exactly solved, the device can be used in winter in northern areas, and the problem of low ecological pond efficiency in northern areas is solved.
11. The device is a relatively closed system, so that the alternative libraries of organisms in the ecological pond area are increased, some exogenous organisms with high metabolism efficiency (such as alligator alternanthera and scavenger fish) can be selected, and the diffusion risk of the exogenous organisms is limited.
12. The device does not need to provide energy except pumping water and utilizing, is convenient to manage and maintain and has low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of the device of the present invention.
In the figure: a 1-anaerobic pond area and a 2-ecological pond area; 11-glass greenhouse, 12-rainwater collecting pipes, 3-waterproof outer enclosing wall, 4-organic filler layer, 5-high water-permeable inner wall, 6-waterproof inner wall, 7-low water-permeable inner wall, 8-wood piles, 9-sandy soil matrix and 10-waterproof foundation; 21-shallow water; 22-deep water area; 24-small floating plants, 26-snails, 23-emergent aquatic plants, 25-benthic fish and 27-stress switches.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
A domestic sewage treatment and reclaimed water recycling method comprises the following steps: the domestic sewage or the cultivation wastewater and organic residues are sent into an annular anaerobic pond area 1 through a water pipe, filtered, adsorbed, settled, decomposed and mineralized by an organic filler layer 4 in the anaerobic pond area to form filtrate, when no rainfall event occurs, the filtrate passes through a permeable high inner wall 5 positioned at two end surfaces of the inner side of the anaerobic pond area to reach an ecological pond area 2, the filtrate is firstly purified in the ecological pond area 2 through a shallow water area 21, and then filtered by a permeable low inner wall 7 between the shallow water area 21 and a deep water area 22 to finally reach the deep water area 22; when a rainfall event occurs, rainwater is collected and converged to the bottom of the permeable high inner wall 5 at the side of the ecological pond area through the glass greenhouse 11 and the rainwater collecting pipe 12, and the permeable high inner wall 5 is reversely flushed and flows into the anaerobic pond area 1.
Example 2
The ecological device for domestic sewage treatment and reclaimed water recycling comprises an inner enclosing wall, an impermeable outer enclosing wall 3 and a permeable low inner wall 7, wherein the inner enclosing wall and the impermeable outer enclosing wall are built on an impermeable foundation, the water inlets 13 are respectively and centrally arranged on two opposite wall surfaces of the impermeable outer enclosing wall 3, the inner enclosing wall encloses a synthetic ecological pond area 2, an annular anaerobic pond area 1 is enclosed between the impermeable outer enclosing wall 3 and the inner enclosing wall, a sand layer 9 is filled at the bottoms of the anaerobic pond area 1 and the ecological pond area 2, an organic filler layer 4 is further arranged at the upper part of a sand layer of the anaerobic pond area 1, and snails 26, small floating plants 24, emergent aquatic plants 23 and benthonic fishes 25 are arranged in the ecological pond area; the inner enclosing wall comprises a high water permeable inner wall 5 and a low water permeable wall 6 on two opposite sides, the anaerobic pond area 1 and the ecological pond area 2 exchange liquid media through the high water permeable inner wall 5, the low water permeable wall 6 is arranged opposite to the water inlet 13 in the water inlet direction, domestic sewage and culture wastewater are respectively input into the anaerobic pond area through the water inlet, and the organic filler layer 4 floats upwards between the water inlet 13 and the liquid media on the upper part of the sandy soil layer 9; a glass greenhouse 11 is built on the watertight outer enclosing wall 3, and a rain collecting pipe 12 extends from the top of the glass greenhouse 11 to the inner sides of the two watertight low inner walls 7 for guiding rainwater collected at the top of the glass greenhouse 11.
The low inner wall 7 is constructed parallel to the impermeable wall 6 and is used for dividing the ecological pool area 2 into a shallow water area 21 at two sides and a deep water area 22 in the middle, the heights of the impermeable outer wall, the inner wall and the low inner wall 7 are sequentially reduced, and the low inner wall 7 is used for slowing down the free exchange of liquid media in the shallow water area and the deep water area.
The thickness of the sand layer filled in the shallow water area 21 is thicker than the sand layer filled in the deep water area and the anaerobic pond area.
A plurality of stakes 8 are uniformly planted in the deepwater zone and are used for putting in snails 26 and small floating plants 24, wherein the snails are pollution-resistant and low-oxygen ring-shaped snails, and the small floating plants comprise duckweed and red-full river.
The depth of the sand soil layer is 0.1-0.2m, the thickness of the organic filler layer is 0.1-0.2m, and the organic filler layer is one or a mixture of a plurality of fungus sticks, corncobs, straws or wheat straws.
The bottom of the rain collecting pipe 12 is lower than the permeable low inner wall 7 between the shallow water area and the deep water area of the ecological pond area, the outlet of the rain collecting pipe faces the anaerobic pond, a stress switch 27 is arranged in the rain collecting pipe 12, the stress switch is opened when the rainwater in the rain collecting pipe reaches a threshold value of 500mm, and a pressure release valve can be selected as the stress switch.
The length of the impermeable wall 6 is 2-3 times of that of the permeable high inner wall 5, so that the retention time of sewage and organic residues in the anaerobic pond area 1 is prolonged.
The emergent aquatic plants comprise Alternaria glabra, alternaria alternifolia and yellow croaker, and the benthic fish comprises pollution-resistant and low-oxygen loaches and scavenger fishes.
Example 3
In this embodiment, a 5-port rural family is taken as an example, and the floor area of the device is 12.5m 2 (5×2.5m)。
First dig 12.5m foundation pit 2 (5 m length, 2.5m width) x 2.7m (depth), building a 0.2m thick watertight foundation 10 at the bottom of the foundation pit, and building a 3m (height) x (18 cm thickness) watertight outer enclosing wall 3 along the outer edge of the watertight foundation 10, so that the watertight outer enclosing wall 3 is 0.5m above the ground level. The water inlets with the height of 0.3 m and the width of 0.5m are arranged on the upper parts of two opposite wall surfaces of the watertight peripheral wall 3 in the middle, so that the height of the upper edge of each water inlet is 0.2m away from the ground level, one water inlet is communicated with domestic sewage, and the other water inlet is communicated with aquaculture wastewater.
The inner enclosing wall is built in the waterproof outer enclosing wall 3, and comprises two side high water permeable inner walls 5 and two side waterproof walls 6 which are built relatively, so that the waterproof walls 6 are perpendicular to the water inlet direction, and the high water permeable inner walls 5 are parallel to the water inlet direction. The height of the inner enclosing wall is 2.5 meters, the thickness is 12cm, and the top is leveled with the ground plane.
The impermeable outer enclosing wall 3 and the inner enclosing wall are enclosed to form an annular anaerobic pond 1 which is in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui', the impermeable outer enclosing wall 3 and the impermeable inner wall 6 are separated by 50cm, and the impermeable outer enclosing wall 3 and the permeable high inner wall 5 are separated by 70cm; the bottom of the anaerobic pond is filled with a sand soil layer with the thickness of 20cm, an organic filler layer 4 with the thickness of 20cm is added above the sand soil, the organic filler layer 4 is a mixture composed of corncobs and fungus sticks, after sewage and organic residues flow into the anaerobic pond, the organic filler layer is used for absorbing odor, and the organic filler layer floats or floats on the surface of the sewage to separate a water inlet from the anaerobic pond.
The inner side of the inner enclosing wall is an ecological pond 2, and the length, the width and the height are respectively 3m, 0.9m and 2.5m; the ecological pond is internally provided with two sides of low-permeability inner walls 7 at intervals, the ecological pond is equally divided into two shallow water areas 21 and one deep water area 22, the shallow water areas are close to the high-permeability inner wall 5, the deep water areas are positioned between the two shallow water areas, the low-permeability inner walls 7 are 1.5m high and 12cm thick, and each area is 92cm long and 90cm wide; the shallow water area is filled with sand with the thickness of 1m, and the deep water area is filled with sand with the thickness of 0.5 m; the timber piles 8 are uniformly inserted into the deep water region for 16 times (diameter 2cm, height 1.5 m).
The glass greenhouse 11 is built on the waterproof peripheral wall 3, is 2.5m in height and 2.5m in distance from the ground level at the top, so that a groove water collecting area with the depth of 0.5m is formed at the top; two rain collecting pipes 12 (3.8 m long) extend to the inner sides of the two water-permeable low inner walls 7 respectively and are 10cm away from the water-permeable low inner walls; the rain collecting pipe 12 is internally provided with a stress switch. The stress switch plays a role in limiting pressure, and a pressure release valve can be selected.
Emergent aquatic plants 23 (Alternaria glabra and Alternaria alternifolia (20 plants/m each) are planted in the shallow water area 21 of the ecological pond 2 ) The Alternaria alternata is dominant under relatively low temperature conditions (winter and spring), while the Alternaria alternata is dominant under relatively high temperature conditions (summer and autumn).
The ecological pond deepwater area 22 is planted with small floating plants 24 (duckweed and azolla-full red (equal area full of water)), the duckweed being dominant at relatively high temperatures (summer, autumn) and the azolla-full red being dominant at relatively low temperatures (winter, spring).
The ecological pond is used for cultivating benthic fishes 25, wherein 1kg of loaches (with the specification of 5-10cm long) and 3 scavenger fishes (with the specification of 10cm long) are included; the total amount of the breeding snails 26 patina snails is 0.5kg (the specification is 0.5-1cm in diameter).
The anaerobic pond is dredged once a year, and the sand layer 9 and the organic filler layer 4 are replaced.
When the water level of the ecological pond is higher than that of the permeable low inner wall 7, water is pumped to irrigate garden plants.
In 2017, the ecological device is built in a rural family in Danjiangkou city, the treated water amount is 1-2 cubic days in summer and autumn, the COD of the water inlet is 350-450mg/L, the TN is 60-80mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen is 50-70mg/L, and the TP is 5-10mg/L;
water quality in shallow water of ecological pond: COD is 100-200mg/L, TN is 30-50mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is 20-40mg/L, TP is 3-8mg/L;
the water quality of the deep water area of the ecological pond is 30-40mg/L COD, 10-13mg/L TN, 5-6mg/L ammonia nitrogen and 2-3mg/L TP;
the treated water amount in winter and spring is 0.8-1.5 cubic days, the COD of the water inlet is 400-500mg/L, TN is 70-80mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is 60-70mg/L, and TP is 6-10mg/L;
the low temperature of the shallow water area of the ecological pond is maintained above 5 ℃, and the water quality is as follows: COD is 100-150mg/L, TN is 30-60mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is 20-40mg/L, TP is 3-8mg/L;
the low temperature of the deep water area of the ecological pond is maintained above 5 ℃, and the water quality is as follows: COD is 30-50mg/L, TN is 10-15mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is 5-7mg/L, TP is 2-4mg/L.
Compared with the patent number CN 104926038B, the sewage treatment effect of the invention is improved, and particularly in winter and spring, the pollutant removal rates are as follows:
TABLE 1
| Removal rate of | COD | TN | Ammonia nitrogen | TP |
| The invention is that | 90～92.5％ | 81.25～85.75％ | 90～91.66％ | 60～66.6％ |
| CN 104926038 B | 85％ | 73％ | 32％ |
Wherein the COD removal rate exceeds 90%, TN removal rate exceeds 80%, and TP removal rate exceeds 50%. In addition, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the invention exceeds 90%, the invention reduces the ammonia nitrogen content of rural household domestic sewage and wastewater, reduces toxic action, and maximally realizes the resource utilization of wastewater.
Claims (3)
1. The ecological device for domestic sewage treatment and reclaimed water recycling comprises a rain collecting device, an anaerobic pond area and an ecological pond area, and is characterized in that the ecological pond area is divided into a shallow water area at two ends and a deep water area at the middle part by a low permeable inner wall, the anaerobic pond area is arranged on the outer layer of the ecological pond area and is physically isolated from the two sides of the shallow water area and the deep water area through impermeable walls, the anaerobic pond area is also communicated with the shallow water area through a high permeable inner wall, the high permeable inner wall is used for filtering sewage or aquaculture wastewater in the anaerobic pond area, an impermeable outer enclosing wall is arranged on the outer side of the anaerobic pond area, and the sewage or aquaculture wastewater enters the anaerobic pond area from the impermeable outer enclosing wall opposite to the impermeable wall; the sand soil layer is filled at the bottoms of the anaerobic pond area and the ecological pond area, an organic filler layer is also arranged at the upper part of the sand soil layer of the anaerobic pond area, the organic filler layer is suspended on the surface of sewage or cultivation wastewater in the anaerobic pond area, and snails, small floating plants, emergent aquatic plants and benthonic fishes are arranged in the ecological pond area; the rainwater collecting device comprises a glass greenhouse and a rainwater collecting pipe, wherein the rainwater collecting pipe is used for collecting and draining rainwater collected by the glass greenhouse to a high-internal wall which is backwashed and permeable at the bottom of a shallow water area, and the glass greenhouse covers the upper part of the anaerobic pond area and is also used for preserving heat of the anaerobic pond area and the ecological pond area;
the top-down cross sections of the ecological pond area and the anaerobic pond area are rectangular, the water-permeable low inner wall is built parallel to the water-permeable high inner wall and is used for dividing the ecological pond area into shallow water areas on two sides and a deep water area in the middle, the heights of the impermeable outer enclosing wall, the water-permeable high inner wall and the water-permeable low inner wall are sequentially reduced, and the water-permeable low inner wall is used for slowing down the free exchange of liquid media in the shallow water areas and the deep water areas;
the thickness of the sand layer filled in the shallow water area is thicker than that of the sand layer filled in the deep water area and the anaerobic pond area;
a plurality of wood piles are uniformly planted in the deepwater zone and are used for planting snails and small-sized floating plants, wherein the snails are pollution-resistant and hypoxia-resistant ring-edge snails, and the small-sized floating plants comprise duckweed and red-full river; the bottom of the rainwater collecting pipe is lower than a permeable low inner wall between a shallow water area and a deep water area of the ecological pond area, an outlet of the rainwater collecting pipe faces the anaerobic pond area, a stress switch is arranged in the rainwater collecting pipe, and the stress switch is turned on when rainwater in the rainwater collecting pipe reaches a threshold value of 500 mm; the length of the watertight wall is 2-3 times of that of the watertight high inner wall, so that the detention time of sewage and organic residues in an anaerobic pond area is prolonged; the emergent aquatic plants comprise powdery green foxtail algae, alternanthera philoxeroides and yellow water dragons, the benthic fishes comprise pollution-resistant and low-oxygen loaches and scavenger fishes, and sewage or cultivation wastewater enters the anaerobic pond area from the upper part of the impermeable peripheral wall opposite to the impermeable wall.
2. The ecological device for domestic sewage treatment and reclaimed water reuse according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the organic filler layer is 0.1-0.2m, and the organic filler layer is one or a mixture of a plurality of fungus sticks, corncobs, rice straws or wheat straws.
3. The ecological device for domestic sewage treatment and reclaimed water reuse according to claim 1, wherein the anaerobic pond area and the ecological pond area are both built on a watertight foundation.
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