CN109350691A - 一种中药排镉益肾生精膏及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种中药排镉益肾生精膏及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109350691A CN109350691A CN201811194079.0A CN201811194079A CN109350691A CN 109350691 A CN109350691 A CN 109350691A CN 201811194079 A CN201811194079 A CN 201811194079A CN 109350691 A CN109350691 A CN 109350691A
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Classifications
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种中药排镉益肾生精膏及其制备方法,其产品是由以下物料组成:肉苁蓉水提物、黄芪水提物、淫羊藿水提物、黄精水提物、蜂胶水提物、维生素A、维生素D、维生素E、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、烟酰胺、泛酸钙、叶酸、Ω‑3脂肪酸、Ω‑9脂肪酸,其制备方法经制备中药提取物、制备蜂胶水提物、混合、加入无菌水搅拌制得;本发明所述排镉益肾生精膏易吸收,见效快,安全性好,也可以制成口服剂、片剂、胶囊剂、散剂、糖浆剂、丸剂、乳剂等剂型,能够显著降低肾脏和睾丸的镉含量,提高生殖性能,本发明方法工艺简单,对设备要求低,便于实施。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药理学药物技术领域,具体尤其涉及一种中药排镉益肾生精膏及其制备方法。
背景技术
镉是一种对人体极其有害的重金属,在环境中是非常稳定,为现已知的最易在体内积蓄的金属毒物之一;其能够与氧、硫、氯等元素生成无机化合物,并能溶于水,以镉离子的形式广泛的分布于自然界内。近年来,镉被广泛应用于电镀、电池、合金、塑料、颜料等工业领域,镉还作为采矿业的废物被排放到自然环境中,造成空气、水体和土壤的污染,且其含量有逐年增加的趋势,并在一些植物和动物体内积蓄。在我国,每年由工业废弃物排放到环境中的镉总量约为680吨,仅镉污染的耕地就有8000万亩,一些地方近些年还出现了加剧的趋势,镉已经成为了水源和耕地最主要的污染源之一。由于镉具有毒性强、潜伏期长等特点,其能对人体的骨骼、肝脏、肾脏、血液系统、呼吸系统、生殖器官等造成损伤。在临床中主要表现为慢性镉中毒,涉及到肾损伤(尿蛋白、肾结石、慢性肾衰竭)、骨损伤(骨痛、骨质疏松、骨软化、自发性骨折)、生殖器损伤(睾丸、卵巢损伤)及癌症(肺癌、前列腺癌)等;也有一些急性镉中毒病例报道,主要为矿场的尘埃污染而引起的肺部感染(肺气肿等)。随着现代科技发展,人们生活水平逐渐提高,现代人生活越来越重视自身健康,市场上伴随出现一些排镉保健食品,其物料配比中会添加一些中药材,但其效果十分有限,并不能达到真正意义上的排镉,都是一些噱头,难以达到人们满意的效果,难以医用,而现有药理排镉通常使用依地酸二钠钙等螯合剂进行注射治疗,但这些药物都存在着一定毒副作用,而且往往会排出大量人体不可缺少的微量元素,具有较强的肾毒性,危害人的身体健康。
发明内容
为此,本发明提出一种中药排镉益肾生精膏及其制备方法,具有良好的排镉效果,而且对身体起着一定保健作用,可有效地被医用,效果显著,能够益肾生精,可有效解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
本发明通过如下手段实现:
一种中药排镉益肾生精膏,其由以下重量份物料组成:1-20份肉苁蓉水提物,1-6份黄芪水提物,1-3份淫羊藿水提物,5-10份黄精水提物,1-5份蜂胶水提物,0.2-1份维生素A,0.6-1.4份维生素D,0.1-0.5份维生素E,0.1-0.3份维生素B1,0.05-0.1份维生素B2,0.05-0.12份维生素B6,0.1-0.25份维生素B12,0.12-0.45份烟酰胺,0.1-0.4泛酸钙,0.01-0.05份叶酸,0.001-0.01份Ω-3脂肪酸,0.001-0.009份Ω-9脂肪酸。
一种中药排镉益肾生精膏的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、制备肉苁蓉水提物、黄芪水提物、淫羊藿水提物、黄精水提物:先将肉苁蓉、黄芪、淫羊藿、黄精分别超微粉碎,并分别加蒸馏水浸泡25-50min后,然后分别武火煮沸,并文火煎煮30-60min,经过滤得中药滤液,然后继续向煎药的煲中加水,如上法煎煮2次,并分别对应合并3次滤液,分别经浓缩、离心、高压灭菌、真空冷冻干燥后,即得肉苁蓉水提物、黄芪水提物、淫羊藿水提物、黄精水提物;
S2、制备蜂胶水提物,称取适量蜂胶,加入3-9倍95%乙醇,搅拌溶解后,将溶解的蜂胶倒入76-85℃的温水中,使蜂胶醇溶液的乙醇浓度保持在42-55%,搅拌10-20min后,冷却20-25℃后过滤,并将滤渣按照上法重新提取2次,合并3次滤液,旋转蒸发浓缩后,高压灭菌、冷冻干燥即得蜂胶水提物;
S3、按照1-20份肉苁蓉水提物,1-6份黄芪水提物,1-3份淫羊藿水提物,5-10份黄精水提物,1-5份蜂胶水提物,0.2-1份维生素A,0.6-1.4份维生素D,0.1-0.5份维生素E,0.1-0.3份维生素B1,0.05-0.1份维生素B2,0.05-0.12份维生素B6,0.1-0.25份维生素B12,0.12-0.45份烟酰胺,0.1-0.4泛酸钙,0.01-0.05份叶酸,0.001-0.01份Ω-3脂肪酸,0.001-0.009份Ω-9脂肪酸的重量份配比称取各组分后,混匀,加适量的无菌水,搅拌成膏状即可。
本发明公开的是一种膏剂,也可以制成口服剂、片剂、胶囊剂、散剂、糖浆剂、丸剂、乳剂等剂型。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明所述排镉益肾生精膏易吸收,见效快,安全性好,能够显著降低肾脏和睾丸的镉含量,提高生殖性能,本发明方法工艺简单,对设备要求低,便于实施。
附图说明:
图1为本发明排镉益肾生精膏对小鼠肾脏损伤的影响对比图(400×)。
图2为本发明排镉益肾生精膏对小鼠睾丸损伤的影响对比图(400×)。
具体实施方式:
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案,下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明:
本发明申请所述产品通过对试验实施例验证本发明申请技术效果,具体实施例内容如下:
试验鼠:选择18-22g雄性昆明种小白鼠作为本次试验的试验动物,按照随机数表法将100只小白鼠分为5组,每组20只,即空白组、镉模型组及3个治疗组。取80只小鼠以3mg/kg体重腹腔注射经0.22μm滤膜过滤的氯化镉生理盐水溶液,另外10只小鼠作为空白对照,腹腔注射等量的生理盐水。24小时之后,3个治疗组分别按照3个实例配方进行饲喂,空白组和模型组小鼠不做处理,连续饲喂35d。
实施例1
按照18份肉苁蓉水提物,2份黄芪水提物,2份淫羊藿水提物,10份黄精水提物,1份蜂胶水提物,0.3份维生素A,0.8份维生素D,0.4份维生素E,0.2份维生素B1,0.06份维生素B2,0.06份维生素B6,0.1份维生素B12,0.19份烟酰胺,0.2泛酸钙,0.02份叶酸,0.003份Ω-3脂肪酸,0.003份Ω-9脂肪酸的重量份配比称取各组分后,混匀,加适量的无菌水,搅拌成膏状即可。
按照上述物料配比,以15g/kg b.w.药膏口服饲喂饲喂。
实施例2
按照15份肉苁蓉水提物,1份黄芪水提物,3份淫羊藿水提物,8份黄精水提物,3份蜂胶水提物,0.4份维生素A,0.7份维生素D,0.3份维生素E,0.1份维生素B1,0.08份维生素B2,0.1份维生素B6,0.2份维生素B12,0.25份烟酰胺,0.22泛酸钙,0.03份叶酸,0.005份Ω-3脂肪酸,0.004份Ω-9脂肪酸的重量份配比称取各组分后,混匀,加适量的无菌水,搅拌成膏状即可。
按照上述物料配比,以15g/kg b.w.药膏口服饲喂饲喂。
实施例3
按照20份肉苁蓉水提物,3份黄芪水提物,1份淫羊藿水提物,6份黄精水提物,2份蜂胶水提物,0.2份维生素A,0.6份维生素D,0.5份维生素E,0.3份维生素B1,0.07份维生素B2,0.09份维生素B6,0.15份维生素B12,0.22份烟酰胺,0.25泛酸钙,0.04份叶酸,0.006份Ω-3脂肪酸,0.007份Ω-9脂肪酸的重量份配比称取各组分后,混匀,加适量的无菌水,搅拌成膏状即可。
按照上述物料配比,以15g/kg b.w.药膏口服饲喂饲喂。
下面通过动物实验验证本发明所述产品技术效果:
试验方法:
(1)精子质量指标的测定:小鼠称体重,脱颈椎处死后,采集左侧附睾,剪碎,放入37℃恒温水浴的96孔板(预先放入200μL生理盐水)中孵化10min;混匀孵化液,取10μL于载玻片上,加盖玻片,在不同视野下数精子数(至少计数600个精子),计算直线运动精子数占总精子数的百分比;取10μL孵化液,稀释20倍后,血球计数板检测精子的密度;取10μL孵化液进行精子摸片,在酒精灯外焰边缘处,晾干固定后,蓝墨水染色,motic数码显微镜下拍照,计算畸形精子占总精子数的百分比。
(2)肾脏和睾丸病理组织学检测:脱颈椎处死后的小鼠称肾脏和睾丸的重量,并将肾脏和睾丸保存在4%多聚甲醛中48h,之后,将肾脏和睾丸修成5mm大小的正方体,标记后,放入缓慢流水中浸泡12h,之后使用梯度酒精脱水(70%,80%各20min;95%,3h;100%,40min),之后,放入二甲苯中去除酒精,20min;接下来放入石蜡(60℃),90min,浸蜡完全后,包埋;石蜡凝固后,4μm切片,并捞片、固定;二甲苯脱蜡后,梯度酒精水化,HE染色,脱水后封片,并在motic数码显微镜下拍照。
(3)肾脏和睾丸镉含量的检测:首先,待测动物组织用手术剪剪碎组织,进行称重,记录其质量,并放入瓷坩埚中,编号;取5mL消解液(4份浓硝酸中加入1份的高氯酸制成动物组织消解液)依次加入放置样品的瓷坩埚中,静置浸泡20h;之后,将瓷坩埚置于可调温式电炉中加热消化组织样品,直到坩埚口内的液体变成无色通明状,停止加热,自然冷却到室温;如果在加热的过程中,应及时补加HNO3,以防坩埚内的液体被蒸干;之后,将瓷坩埚中的样品消化液转移到25mL容量瓶中,并使用少量的1%硝酸溶液洗涤瓷坩埚三次,合并的洗液,并加入容量瓶中,同时使用1%硝酸定容至25mL,待测;量取适量镉标准液与1%硝酸混匀,分别制备1.0ng/mL、5.0ng/mL、10ng/mL、20ng/mL、40ng/mL、80ng/mL、100ng/mL的镉标准曲线工作液待测;检测时,以1%硝酸做空白对照;调节AAS vario 6原子吸收光谱仪工作条件;之后,依次测定睾丸待测液中镉的含量。
(4)血清生化水平检测:血清中肌酐、尿素氮、尿酸等反应肾功能物质的检测均采用南京建成提供的试剂盒进行检测。
(5)数据处理:所有数据均采用SPASS 19.0进行单因素方差分析,以Mean±SD的形式表示。
试验结果:
(1)表1排镉益肾生精膏对小鼠体重和肾脏、睾丸质量的影响
注:同列不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05),相同字母表示差异不显著(P>0.05)
由表1可以看出,氯化镉能显著降低模型组小鼠的体重和睾丸质量,与空白组相比差异显著(P<0.05);与模型组相比,实例1、2、3的排镉益肾生精膏均能显著增加小鼠的体重和睾丸质量(P<0.05);但氯化镉对肾脏的影响与空白组相比差异不显著(P>0.05),且实例1、2、3的排镉益肾生精膏对肾脏的影响与模型组相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。
(2)表2排镉益肾生精膏对小鼠精子精子质量的影响
从表2可以看出,模型组小鼠精子的活力、密度、畸形率均显著低于空白组(P<0.05),实例1、2、3的排镉益肾生精膏均可以显著促进小鼠的生精作用,具体表现为较三组小鼠精子的活力、密度、畸形率较模型组显著降低(P<0.05)。
(3)表3排镉益肾生精膏对小鼠肾功能的影响
由表3可知,氯化镉能显著增加小鼠血清BUN和Cr的含量(P<0.05),表明氯化镉能够显著降低小鼠的肾功能;实例1、2、3的排镉益肾生精膏均降低小鼠血清BUN和Cr的含量,并与模型组相比差异显著(P<0.05),表明实例1、2、3的排镉益肾生精膏均能有效的提高小鼠的肾功能。
(4)排镉益肾生精膏对小鼠肾脏和睾丸损伤的影响
参见附图1、附图2,与空白组相比,模型组小白鼠的肾小管上皮细胞多肿胀坏死,细胞间的间隙变大;肾小管之间界限不清,肾小管腔愈合在一起,很难将各个肾小管区分开;肾小球与肾小囊之间的间隙消失,肾小囊结构由类圆形变为不规则形状。实例1、2、3的排镉益肾生精膏组与模型组相比,细胞核图像清晰,细胞肿胀减少,肾小管之间的间隙较为清楚,部分肾小管管腔清晰可见,肾小球和肾小囊的结构趋于正常。
与空白组相比,氯化镉能显著减少小鼠睾丸生精细胞的层数,降低生精小管的厚度,减少生精小管管腔中精子的数目,同时大量的生精小管空泡化或者被新生的上皮细胞所充斥。实例1、2、3的排镉益肾生精膏均可以显著促进小鼠的生精作用,使生精小管中生精细胞的层数,生精小管的厚度及生精小管管腔中精子的数量显著增加。
(5)表4排镉益肾生精膏对小鼠肾脏和睾丸镉含量的检测(μg/g组织)
由表4可知,与空白组相比,模型组小鼠肾脏和睾丸的镉含量显著升高(P<0.05);与模型组相比,实例1、2、3的排镉益肾生精膏均能显著降低肾脏和睾丸内镉含量(P<0.05)。
从上述内容可知,本发明所述中药排镉益肾生精膏易吸收,见效快,安全性好,本发明申请所述排镉益肾生精膏内含肉苁蓉水提物、黄芪水提物、淫羊藿水提物、黄精水提物能够显著降低肾脏和睾丸的镉含量,提高生殖性能。
以上只通过说明的方式描述了本发明的某些示范性实施例,毋庸置疑,对于本领域的普通技术人员,在不偏离本发明范围的情况下,可以用各种不同的方式对所描述的实施例进行修正。因此,上述附图和描述在本质上是说明性的,不应理解为对本发明权利要求保护范围的限制。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有学术和科学术语具有本发明所属技术领域普通技术人员所理解的相同含义。
在相抵触的情况下,以本说明书中的定义为准。
除非另有说明,所有的百分数、份数、比例等都是以重量计。
当给出数值或数值范围、优选范围或一系列下限优选值和上限优选值时,应当理解其具体公开了由任何较小的范围限值或优选值和任何较大的范围限值或优选值的任何一对数值所形成的任何范围,而无论范围是否分别被公开。除非另有说明,在本说明书描述数值范围之处,所述的范围意图包括范围端值和范围内的所有整数和分数。
当术语“约”或“左右”用于描述数值或范围的端值时,所公开的内容应当是包括该具体数值或所涉及的端值。
采用“一”和“一个/种”的用法描述本发明的要素和组分,这只是出于便利和为了给出本发明一般情况。除非另有明显表述,应将该说明理解为包括一个/种或至少一个/种。
Claims (5)
1.一种中药排镉益肾生精膏,其特征在于:其由以下重量份物料组成:1-20份肉苁蓉水提物,1-6份黄芪水提物,1-3份淫羊藿水提物,5-10份黄精水提物,1-5份蜂胶水提物,0.2-1份维生素A,0.6-1.4份维生素D,0.1-0.5份维生素E,0.1-0.3份维生素B1,0.05-0.1份维生素B2,0.05-0.12份维生素B6,0.1-0.25份维生素B12,0.12-0.45份烟酰胺,0.1-0.4泛酸钙,0.01-0.05份叶酸,0.001-0.01份Ω-3脂肪酸,0.001-0.009份Ω-9脂肪酸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种中药排镉益肾生精膏,其特征在于:其由以下重量份物料组成:18份肉苁蓉水提物,2份黄芪水提物,2份淫羊藿水提物,10份黄精水提物,1份蜂胶水提物,0.3份维生素A,0.8份维生素D,0.4份维生素E,0.2份维生素B1,0.06份维生素B2,0.06份维生素B6,0.1份维生素B12,0.19份烟酰胺,0.2泛酸钙,0.02份叶酸,0.003份Ω-3脂肪酸,0.003份Ω-9脂肪酸。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种中药排镉益肾生精膏,其特征在于:其由以下重量份物料组成:15份肉苁蓉水提物,1份黄芪水提物,3份淫羊藿水提物,8份黄精水提物,3份蜂胶水提物,0.4份维生素A,0.7份维生素D,0.3份维生素E,0.1份维生素B1,0.08份维生素B2,0.1份维生素B6,0.2份维生素B12,0.25份烟酰胺,0.22泛酸钙,0.03份叶酸,0.005份Ω-3脂肪酸,0.004份Ω-9脂肪酸。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种中药排镉益肾生精膏,其特征在于:其由以下重量份物料组成:20份肉苁蓉水提物,3份黄芪水提物,1份淫羊藿水提物,6份黄精水提物,2份蜂胶水提物,0.2份维生素A,0.6份维生素D,0.5份维生素E,0.3份维生素B1,0.07份维生素B2,0.09份维生素B6,0.15份维生素B12,0.22份烟酰胺,0.25泛酸钙,0.04份叶酸,0.006份Ω-3脂肪酸,0.007份Ω-9脂肪酸。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种中药排镉益肾生精膏的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
S1、制备肉苁蓉水提物、黄芪水提物、淫羊藿水提物、黄精水提物:先将肉苁蓉、黄芪、淫羊藿、黄精分别超微粉碎,并分别加蒸馏水浸泡25-50min后,然后分别武火煮沸,并文火煎煮30-60min,经过滤得中药滤液,然后继续向煎药的煲中加水,如上法煎煮2次,并分别对应合并3次滤液,分别经浓缩、离心、高压灭菌、真空冷冻干燥后,即得肉苁蓉水提物、黄芪水提物、淫羊藿水提物、黄精水提物;
S2、制备蜂胶水提物,称取适量蜂胶,加入3-9倍95%乙醇,搅拌溶解后,将溶解的蜂胶倒入76-85℃的温水中,使蜂胶醇溶液的乙醇浓度保持在42-55%,搅拌10-20min后,冷却20-25℃后过滤,并将滤渣按照上法重新提取2次,合并3次滤液,旋转蒸发浓缩后,高压灭菌、冷冻干燥即得蜂胶水提物;
S3、按照1-20份肉苁蓉水提物,1-6份黄芪水提物,1-3份淫羊藿水提物,5-10份黄精水提物,1-5份蜂胶水提物,0.2-1份维生素A,0.6-1.4份维生素D,0.1-0.5份维生素E,0.1-0.3份维生素B1,0.05-0.1份维生素B2,0.05-0.12份维生素B6,0.1-0.25份维生素B12,0.12-0.45份烟酰胺,0.1-0.4泛酸钙,0.01-0.05份叶酸,0.001-0.01份Ω-3脂肪酸,0.001-0.009份Ω-9脂肪酸的重量份配比称取各组分后,混匀,加适量的无菌水,搅拌成膏状即可。
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