CN109339073B - Device and method for supporting soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope and realizing surface layer greening - Google Patents
Device and method for supporting soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope and realizing surface layer greening Download PDFInfo
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- CN109339073B CN109339073B CN201811346917.1A CN201811346917A CN109339073B CN 109339073 B CN109339073 B CN 109339073B CN 201811346917 A CN201811346917 A CN 201811346917A CN 109339073 B CN109339073 B CN 109339073B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 209
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000132059 Carica parviflora Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000161 Lagerstroemia indica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000830535 Ligustrum lucidum Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000003243 Thuja occidentalis Species 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/02—Special arrangements for delivering the liquid directly into the soil
- A01C23/023—Special arrangements for delivering the liquid directly into the soil for liquid or gas fertilisers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
- A01G27/02—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots having a water reservoir, the main part thereof being located wholly around or directly beside the growth substrate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
A device for supporting a soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope and realizing surface layer greening comprises a plurality of prefabricated greening structures arranged in a plurality of soft rock layer excavation grooves of the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope, wherein every two prefabricated greening structures are connected through a connecting piece to form an integral stressed framework; among the prefabricated greening structure, the inside groove baffle of planting and the water storage district baffle of planting of the container body that reinforced concrete poured and made separates into planting district, water storage district and storage fertilizer district, and the container body top in water storage district and storage fertilizer district is provided with the lid, has seted up the water inlet on the lid in water storage district, has laid a plurality of water storage district infiltration holes on the both sides wall in water storage district. The device and the method for supporting the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope and realizing surface layer greening can solve the problems that soft rock is softened and hollowed after meeting water, upper rock layers are gradually collapsed, or surface rock masses are lost due to weathering, rain wash and the like, green belts fall off, and water and fertilizer are frequently supplemented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of slope greening, in particular to a device and a method for supporting a soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass slope and realizing surface layer greening.
Background
Because unstable engineering side slopes are often formed in highway construction, reservoir excavation and the like, the side slopes are soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slopes (soft and hard rocks are distributed in a layered and alternate mode), at present, slope protection modes adopted by the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slopes are slope protection of reinforced concrete surfaces and mortar masonry stone surfaces or plant planting on soft and weak rock layers, the former excessively pursues strength efficacy, ecological nature is damaged, landscape effect is poor, and the reinforced concrete surfaces and the mortar masonry stone surfaces can be weathered or even damaged along with the passage of time, and later-period improvement cost is high. The latter adopts plant communities to fix slopes and maintain soil, has certain limit, cannot relate to deep soil, cannot prevent deep soil collapse or sliding of extremely thick and heavy soil layers, and cannot realize continuous water supply for green plants.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a device and a method for supporting a soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope and realizing surface layer greening, which can solve the problems that soft rock softens and empties after meeting water, upper rock layers gradually collapse or surface rock mass is lost due to weathering, rain erosion and the like, green belts fall off, and water and fertilizer are frequently supplemented, and simultaneously play roles in supporting the side slope, storing water and resisting drought.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a device for supporting a soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope and realizing surface layer greening,
the device comprises a plurality of prefabricated greening structures arranged in a plurality of soft rock stratum excavation grooves of a soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope, wherein every two prefabricated greening structures are connected through a connecting piece to form an integral stressed framework;
in the prefabricated greening structure, the inside of a container body poured by reinforced concrete is divided into a planting area, a water storage area and a fertilizer storage area by a planting groove partition plate and a water storage area partition plate, the tops of the container bodies of the water storage area and the fertilizer storage area are provided with cover bodies, the cover bodies of the water storage area are provided with water inlets, a plurality of water storage area water seepage holes are distributed on two side walls of the water storage area, a plurality of fertilizer storage area water seepage holes are arranged on the inner wall of one side of the fertilizer storage area, which is close to deep soft rock, and a fertilizer storage area single-direction liquid guide film is;
the water storage area partition plate is provided with a plurality of partition plate water seepage holes, and the water storage area partition plate is provided with a water storage area one-way liquid guide film.
The connecting piece is including setting up in the reinforced concrete backing plate of prefabricated afforestation structure both sides, and every two reinforced concrete backing plates of prefabricated afforestation structure connect through the connecting block and form a whole atress skeleton.
The connecting block is an arch reinforced concrete prefabricated block or a reinforced concrete cushion block.
The cross section of the prefabricated greening structure is rectangular or circular.
The water inlet of the water storage area is provided with a filter screen and an evaporation-proof cover which forms a certain inclination angle with the horizontal plane.
A grass planting plate is arranged above the filter screen.
A plurality of hard rock stratum grass planting plates are laid on the surface of the hard rock layer of the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock body side slope.
A method for greening the surface layer of a soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass slope by using the device comprises the following steps:
step 1: cutting the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope into a certain angle according to engineering geological conditions;
step 2: prefabricating a prefabricated greening structure: adopting reinforced concrete to manufacture a container body, pouring the inside of the container body to manufacture a planting groove partition plate and a water storage area partition plate, installing a filter screen and an evaporation-proof cover at a water inlet of the water storage area, arranging reinforced concrete base plates at two sides of a prefabricated greening structure, and filling slow-release fertilizer in a fertilizer storage area;
and step 3: excavating weak rock stratum excavation grooves on the weak rock stratum of the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope, installing the prefabricated greening structure into the weak rock stratum excavation grooves, backfilling excavated rock masses on two sides of the prefabricated greening structure, and fully paving and fixing the upper sides of the rock masses by using mortar;
and 4, step 4: sequentially excavating the next weak rock stratum excavation groove and repeating the step 3 to install the prefabricated greening structures into the weak rock stratum excavation groove until the prefabricated greening structures are uniformly distributed on the weak rock stratum;
and 5: connecting every two prefabricated greening structures on the same layer of soft rock stratum through an arch-shaped reinforced concrete prefabricated block or a reinforced concrete cushion block to form an integral stressed framework;
step 6: paving a hard rock stratum grass planting plate on the surface of a hard rock layer of the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope;
and 7: taking down the filter screen at the water inlet of the water storage area, injecting water into the water storage area until the water storage area is full, reinstalling the filter screen at the water inlet, and paving a grass planting plate on the filter screen;
and 8: backfilling planting soil or excavated mudstone in the planting area of each prefabricated greening structure;
and step 9: planting plants on the surface layer of the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope comprising the grass planting plate, the hard rock layer grass planting plate and the planting area, namely completing the greening of the surface layer of the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope.
In the step 1, the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope is cut into an angle of 30-60 degrees according to engineering geological conditions.
The device for supporting the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope and realizing surface layer greening provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method for replacing the soft rock stratum by the prefabricated greening structure is firstly proposed, the soft rock stratum which is easy to excavate is selected to be excavated, the pneumatic pick can be directly used for manual excavation, the prefabricated greening structure and the reinforced concrete cushion block can sufficiently support the load transmitted by the hard rock stratum, the excavation of the hard rock is avoided, compared with blasting excavation on the hard rock stratum, construction cost close to 1/2 is saved, and construction cost is extremely low.
2. The prefabricated greening structure, the connecting blocks and the hard rock layer form an integral stress framework which plays a role of supporting the side slope together, and the problems that the soft rock layer is softened after meeting water and loses strength, then collapses and empties, and the upper rock layer collapses gradually due to the lower empting are solved.
3. The connecting block adopts two kinds of designs of arch reinforced concrete prefabricated section or reinforced concrete cushion, and the accessible is adjusted the reasonable selection connecting block form in distance between the prefabricated greening structure, can adopt the form of "short-span + reinforced concrete cushion" or "large-span + arch reinforced concrete prefabricated section" according to actual conditions, and the performance becomes hunch effect, and a large amount of manual works are saved to the rational utilization structure under the prerequisite of guaranteeing braced system bearing capacity.
4. The plant measures and the engineering protection are combined, the respective advantages of the plant measures and the engineering protection are exerted, the contradiction between the slope engineering protection and the ecological environment damage is effectively solved, the slope stability is ensured, the rapid recovery of the slope vegetation can be realized, and the harmonious coexistence of human activities and the natural environment is achieved.
5. The prefabricated greening structure has various section forms (rectangular, circular, triangular and the like), is simple to manufacture, can select different section forms according to actual conditions, reasonably utilizes the structure and meets different strength requirements; the planting area can be set into different shapes, different aesthetic requirements are met, controllability is strong, and the planting area is suitable for various working conditions.
6. Slope runoff can be collected in the water storage district of prefabricated afforestation structure, can store a large amount of moisture in the water storage district, supplies with nourishment to slope plant through a plurality of water storage district infiltration holes on the both sides wall in water storage district, can maintain 2-3 months under the condition that the water storage district was filled with water and do not cut off water, need artifical maintenance hardly when the rainwater is abundant, also can supply water by hand in arid season, and easy operation. The length of the water storage area can be increased in the long-term drought area, the water storage capacity of the water storage area is increased, and the problem that the traditional plant protection needs long-term water supply and other maintenance is solved.
7. The evaporation-proof cover on the water storage area can maximally separate and reflux the evaporated water under the condition of not blocking water supply, thereby playing the role of preventing water evaporation and saving water resources.
8. The fertilizer storage area is filled with slow release fertilizer, the nutrients required by the plants are slowly released in the process of about 3-5 years of plant growth, the survival rate of the plants is ensured, and after the nutrients are released, the plants and the external environment form a self-replacing ecological system to achieve self-sufficient growth.
9. The design of the single-direction liquid guide film in the fertilizer storage area and the single-direction liquid guide film in the water storage area ensures that the soft rock stratum is not softened by absorbing the moisture in the deep rock stratum by the single-direction liquid guide film in the fertilizer storage area, the moisture enters the water storage area through the single-direction liquid guide film in the water storage area, and the water in the water storage area can only be released to the side slope vegetation through the water seepage holes in the water storage area.
10. Can save a large amount of operating expenses, easy operation, the flexibility is strong, adapts to multiple topography, and construction cycle is short, and the live time is long, and the artifical enough maintenance cost in later stage is low, only needs to mend a small amount of water under extremely arid condition to but cyclic utilization, energy-concerving and environment-protective, good application prospect has.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the apparatus of the present invention, with the planting area of the construction extending to the outermost edge of the side slope;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the prefabricated green structures of the apparatus of the present invention, when the prefabricated green structures have a rectangular cross-sectional shape;
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the prefabricated green structures of the apparatus of the present invention, as they are rectangular in cross-sectional shape;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an integral stressed framework formed by a plurality of prefabricated green structures and an arched reinforced concrete prefabricated block, wherein the cross section of each prefabricated green structure is rectangular;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an integral stressed framework formed by a plurality of prefabricated green structures and an arched reinforced concrete prefabricated block, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the prefabricated green structures is circular;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of two stressed frameworks of a short span and a reinforced concrete cushion block or a long span and an arched reinforced concrete precast block arranged on the same side slope, wherein the section of the precast green structure is rectangular;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the planting area of the apparatus of the present invention in a semi-circular configuration;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a trough-type planting area of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention applied to a soft rock and hard rock interbed rock mass side slope with a soft rock layer inclined upward.
Detailed Description
Example one
As shown in fig. 1-6, a device for supporting soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope and realizing surface layer greening,
the greening structure comprises a plurality of prefabricated greening structures 11 arranged in a plurality of soft rock stratum excavation grooves of a soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope, wherein every two prefabricated greening structures 11 are connected through a connecting piece to form an integral stressed framework;
in the prefabricated greening structure 11, the inside of a container body made of poured reinforced concrete is divided into a planting area 3, a water storage area 6 and a fertilizer storage area 8 by a planting groove partition plate 20 and a water storage area partition plate 21, the tops of the container bodies of the water storage area 6 and the fertilizer storage area 8 are provided with cover bodies, the cover body of the water storage area 6 is provided with a water inlet 19, two side walls (the upper part from the bottom 1/3) of the water storage area 6 are provided with a plurality of water storage area seepage holes 7 (the diameter is 10 mm), the inner wall 9 of the fertilizer storage area 8 close to one side of the deep soft rock is provided with a plurality of fertilizer storage area seepage holes, and the inner wall 9 is provided with a fertilizer storage area single;
a plurality of clapboard water seepage holes are arranged on the clapboard 21 of the water storage area, and the clapboard 21 of the water storage area is provided with a water storage area one-way liquid guide film.
The connecting piece is including setting up in the reinforced concrete backing plate 12 of prefabricated afforestation structure 11 both sides, and every two prefabricated afforestation structure 11's reinforced concrete backing plate 12 is connected with the connecting block through earth anchor bolt 15 and is formed an integral atress skeleton.
The connecting blocks are arch-shaped reinforced concrete prefabricated blocks 13 or reinforced concrete cushion blocks 14, the connecting block form can be reasonably selected by adjusting the distance between the prefabricated greening structures, the form of 'short span (0.5-1 meter) + reinforced concrete cushion blocks' or 'large span (1-2 meter) + arch-shaped reinforced concrete prefabricated blocks' can be adopted according to actual conditions, the arching effect is exerted, the structure is reasonably utilized, and a large amount of labor is saved on the premise of ensuring the bearing capacity of the supporting system, as shown in fig. 5-7.
The cross-sectional shape of the prefabricated green structures 11 is rectangular or circular.
A filter screen 4 and an anti-evaporation cover 5 which forms a certain inclination angle with the horizontal plane are arranged at the water inlet 19 of the water storage area 6.
A grass planting plate 10 is arranged above the filter screen 4.
A plurality of hard rock stratum grass planting plates 18 are laid on the surface of the hard rock layer 1 of the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock body side slope.
The reinforced concrete backing plate 12 is provided with a mounting bolt hole 17.
The water and fertilizer circulation process in the device is as follows:
the slow release fertilizer in the water storage area 8 flows to the water storage area 6 from the fertilizer storage area 8 after being volatilized or dissolved in water, flows to the mixture of the water storage area 6, flows to the side slope through the water storage area water seepage holes 7 on the side wall of the water storage area 6, and plays a role in supplying water and fertilizer to the plants planted on the side slope.
The moisture in the weak rock stratum 2 can be absorbed by the one-way liquid guide film in the fertilizer storage area to ensure that the weak rock stratum is not softened.
Example two
A method for greening the surface layer of a soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass slope by using the device comprises the following steps:
step 1: removing broken stones, impurities and the like with high weathering degree on the surface of the side slope, and cutting the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope into a certain angle according to engineering geological conditions;
step 2: prefabricated greening structure 11: a container body is made of reinforced concrete, a planting groove partition plate 20 and a water storage area partition plate 21 are cast inside the container body, a filter screen 4 and an evaporation-proof cover 5 are installed at a water inlet 19 of a water storage area 6, reinforced concrete base plates 12 are arranged on two sides of a prefabricated greening structure 11, and a slow-release fertilizer is filled in a fertilizer storage area 8;
and step 3: excavating a soft rock layer excavating groove on a soft rock layer 2 of a soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope, building mortar with the thickness of 10mm at the bottom of the soft rock layer excavating groove, wherein the cross section forms are various, such as circular, triangular and the like, the excavating depth is preferably 0.5-4 m, installing a prefabricated greening structure 11 into the soft rock layer excavating groove, backfilling excavated rock mass at two sides of the prefabricated greening structure 11, and fully paving and fixing the upper side of the prefabricated greening structure with the mortar;
and 4, step 4: sequentially excavating the next weak rock stratum excavation groove and repeating the step 3 to install the prefabricated greening structures into the weak rock stratum excavation groove until the prefabricated greening structures are uniformly distributed on the weak rock stratum;
and 5: connecting every two prefabricated greening structures on the same layer of soft rock stratum through an arch-shaped reinforced concrete prefabricated block or a reinforced concrete cushion block to form an integral stressed framework;
step 6: paving a hard rock stratum grass planting plate on the surface of a hard rock layer of the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope;
and 7: taking down the filter screen at the water inlet of the water storage area, injecting water into the water storage area until the water storage area is full, reinstalling the filter screen at the water inlet, and paving a grass planting plate on the filter screen;
and 8: backfilling planting soil or excavated mudstone in the planting area of each prefabricated greening structure;
and step 9: planting plants on the surface layer of the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope comprising the grass planting plate, the hard rock layer grass planting plate and the planting area, namely completing the greening of the surface layer of the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope.
In the step 1, the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope is cut into an angle of 30-60 degrees according to engineering geological conditions.
In step 8, the plant 16 can be planted with coral faint, Qiancao, and ivy in Sweden, or with high ornamental value such as Ligustrum lucidum, Lagerstroemia indica, and arborvitae.
The planting area 3 can be set into different shapes, meets different aesthetic requirements, has strong controllability, and is suitable for various working conditions, as shown in fig. 8 and 9.
EXAMPLE III
The device of the first embodiment can be used for the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope with the soft rock layer inclined upwards (reversely inclined) after the following changes are made:
1. the water storage area partition plate is the same as the planting groove partition plate, is not provided with a water seepage hole and is not provided with a single-direction liquid guide film;
2. an evaporation prevention cover is not required to be arranged;
3. the two side walls of the fertilizer storage area are provided with fertilizer storage area water seepage holes, and the effect of supplying water and fertilizer to the plants planted on the side slope is realized through the fertilizer storage area water seepage holes 22 and the water storage area water seepage holes 7, as shown in fig. 10.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and features in the embodiments and examples in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a device that is used for supporting soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope and realizes the surface layer afforestation which characterized in that:
the greening system comprises a plurality of prefabricated greening structures (11) arranged in a plurality of soft rock stratum excavation grooves of a soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope, wherein every two prefabricated greening structures (11) are connected through a connecting piece to form an integral stressed framework;
in the prefabricated greening structure (11), the inside of a container body poured by reinforced concrete is divided into a planting area (3), a water storage area (6) and a fertilizer storage area (8) by a planting groove partition plate (20) and a water storage area partition plate (21), the tops of the container body of the water storage area (6) and the fertilizer storage area (8) are provided with covers, the cover of the water storage area (6) is provided with a water inlet (19), two side walls of the water storage area (6) are provided with a plurality of water storage area water seepage holes (7), the inner wall (9) of the fertilizer storage area (8) close to one side of deep soft rock is provided with a plurality of fertilizer storage area water seepage holes, and the inner wall (9) is provided with a fertilizer storage area one-way liquid guide film;
a plurality of clapboard water seepage holes are arranged on the clapboard (21) of the water storage area, and the clapboard (21) of the water storage area is provided with a water storage area one-way liquid guide film;
the connecting piece comprises reinforced concrete base plates (12) arranged on two sides of the prefabricated greening structures (11), and the reinforced concrete base plates (12) of every two prefabricated greening structures (11) are connected through connecting blocks to form an integral stressed framework; the connecting block is an arch reinforced concrete precast block (13) or a reinforced concrete cushion block (14).
2. The device for supporting the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope and realizing surface layer greening according to the claim 1, characterized in that: the cross section of the prefabricated greening structure (11) is rectangular or circular.
3. The device for supporting the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope and realizing surface layer greening according to the claim 1, characterized in that: a filter screen (4) and an evaporation-proof cover (5) which forms a certain inclination angle with the horizontal plane are arranged at the water inlet (19) of the water storage area (6).
4. The device for supporting the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope and realizing surface layer greening according to the claim 3, characterized in that: a grass planting plate (10) is arranged above the filter screen (4).
5. The device for supporting the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope and realizing surface layer greening according to the claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of hard rock stratum grass planting plates (18) are laid on the surface of a hard rock stratum (1) of the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock body side slope.
6. A method for supporting soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slopes and realizing surface layer greening by the device of any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: cutting the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope into a certain angle according to engineering geological conditions;
step 2: prefabricated green structure (11): a container body is made of reinforced concrete, a planting groove partition plate (20) and a water storage area partition plate (21) are made in the container body by pouring, a filter screen (4) and an evaporation-proof cover (5) are installed at a water inlet (19) of a water storage area (6), reinforced concrete base plates (12) are arranged on two sides of a prefabricated greening structure (11), and a fertilizer storage area (8) is filled with slow-release fertilizer;
and step 3: excavating a soft rock layer excavating groove on a soft rock layer (2) of a soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope, installing a prefabricated greening structure (11) into the soft rock layer excavating groove, backfilling excavated rock masses on two sides of the prefabricated greening structure (11), and fully paving and fixing the upper sides of the rock masses by using mortar;
and 4, step 4: sequentially excavating the next weak rock stratum excavation groove and repeating the step 3 to install the prefabricated greening structures (11) into the weak rock stratum excavation groove until the prefabricated greening structures (11) are uniformly distributed on the weak rock stratum (2);
and 5: every two prefabricated greening structures (11) on the same layer of soft rock stratum (2) are connected through an arch-shaped reinforced concrete prefabricated block (13) or a reinforced concrete cushion block (14) to form an integral stressed framework;
step 6: paving a hard rock stratum grass planting plate (18) on the surface of a hard rock stratum (1) of a soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass slope;
and 7: taking down the filter screen (4) at the water inlet (19) of the water storage area (6), injecting water into the water storage area (6) until the water storage area is full, reinstalling the filter screen (4) at the water inlet (19), and paving the grass planting plate (10) on the filter screen;
and 8: backfilling planting soil or excavated mudstone in the planting area (3) of each prefabricated greening structure (11);
and step 9: plants (16) are planted on the surface layer of the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope comprising the grass planting plate (10), the hard rock layer grass planting plate (18) and the planting area (3), and then greening of the surface layer of the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope is completed.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: in the step 1, the soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock mass side slope is cut into an angle of 30-60 degrees according to engineering geological conditions.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010095817A2 (en) * | 2009-02-23 | 2010-08-26 | Kang Myung Suk | Retaining wall for planting, with water reservoirs for soil provided behind the retaining wall, and method for constructing same |
| CN204811185U (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-12-02 | 张骊 | Case is planted organically to long -term automatic water conservation high efficiency of fertilizeing |
| CN107989050A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-04 | 三峡大学 | A kind of device and construction method that moisture nutriment is fed for rock side slope greening vegetation and circulation |
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2018
- 2018-11-13 CN CN201811346917.1A patent/CN109339073B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010095817A2 (en) * | 2009-02-23 | 2010-08-26 | Kang Myung Suk | Retaining wall for planting, with water reservoirs for soil provided behind the retaining wall, and method for constructing same |
| CN204811185U (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-12-02 | 张骊 | Case is planted organically to long -term automatic water conservation high efficiency of fertilizeing |
| CN107989050A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-04 | 三峡大学 | A kind of device and construction method that moisture nutriment is fed for rock side slope greening vegetation and circulation |
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Application publication date: 20190215 Assignee: Hubei Hongzhuo Architectural Design Co.,Ltd. Assignor: CHINA THREE GORGES University Contract record no.: X2023980043461 Denomination of invention: A device and method for supporting soft rock and hard rock interbedded rock slope and achieving surface greening Granted publication date: 20201106 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20231019 |
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