CN109321333A - 一种汽车三销式等速万向节专用的滑脂组合物 - Google Patents

一种汽车三销式等速万向节专用的滑脂组合物 Download PDF

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CN109321333A
CN109321333A CN201811181831.8A CN201811181831A CN109321333A CN 109321333 A CN109321333 A CN 109321333A CN 201811181831 A CN201811181831 A CN 201811181831A CN 109321333 A CN109321333 A CN 109321333A
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李文杰
张兰英
刘建龙
吴宝杰
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Abstract

本发明提供一种汽车三销式等速万向节专用的润滑脂组合物。该组合物包括基础油、脲基稠化剂、有机钼类减磨剂、极压剂、防锈剂。各组分的百分含量为:基础油:72%~85%;稠化剂:9%~15%;有机钼类减磨剂:3%~5%;极压剂:2%~6%;防锈剂:1%~3%。该组合物与氯丁橡胶及热塑性弹性体具有良好的相容性,并且具有优异的高温性能,同时其具有较低的摩擦系数,优异的耐久性能,并可以明显改善汽车传动系统的NVH特性。其特别适用于结构紧凑的前置前驱车型的三销式等速万向节部位的润滑。

Description

一种汽车三销式等速万向节专用的滑脂组合物
技术领域
本发明属于润滑脂技术领域,特别是涉及一种汽车三销式等速万向节专用的滑脂组合物
背景技术
等速万向节(Constant Velocity Joint,简称CVJ)广泛的应用于乘用车底盘传动装置中,用于连接汽车变速箱和车轮。而三销式等速万向节由三销架、滚轮、滚针及钟形壳组成,并可轴向移动,其通常布置在汽车变速箱一侧,运动是滚动轴承作为滚动体,以此吸收汽车在运动时由于车轮上下振动而产生的传动轴轴向位移。
汽车行驶过程中,三销式CVJ运动状况比较复杂,既有高速旋转运动,又有滑动、振动、往复运动,还有汽车行驶过程中的摆动、冲动等,特别随着近来CVJ安装角度和运转速度的增大,当三销式CVJ以一定活动角传递动力时,会承受非平面的轴向冲击力,使滚针轴承承受的压力增大,内部零件之间的相互撞击,期间产生的摩擦力会引起传动系统的噪音、振动和啸声(Noise Vibration Harshness即NVH),且滚针轴承一旦运转不畅等都可能使整个CVJ温度升高。近几年来随着汽车向小型轻量化、紧凑化、高扭矩化的发展趋势,现在很多车型设计的三元催化器都靠近三销式CVJ,长期受到辐射热的影响,三销式CVJ外又有橡胶防尘罩,润滑脂直接与防尘罩接触,散热比较困难,三销式CVJ长期处于较高温的工作环境。
专利CN101962594A揭示了一种用于三销式等速万向节的润滑脂,但是该方法其稠化剂为复合锂、钙皂基稠化剂,其高温性能不如聚脲基稠化剂,同时其抗氧化性能明显落后于聚脲基稠化剂。专利CN105602693A中其稠化剂同样选自复合钙、芳香酸型复合锂、二元酸性复合锂和三组分复合锂中的一种或多种,本专利中所用的聚脲基稠化剂在高温性能及抗氧化性能方面明显优于以上类型的稠化剂。
本发明的目的是提供一种专门用于汽车三销式等速万向节的润滑脂,该润滑脂聚脲基稠化剂稠化石蜡基基础油、聚α-烯烃合成油及酯类油混合物,并加入专用的有机钼类减磨剂、极压剂、防锈剂。该组合物与氯丁橡胶及热塑性弹性体具有良好的相容性,并且具有优异的耐高温性能,同时其具有较低的摩擦系数,优异的耐久性能,并可以明显改善汽车传动系统的NVH特性。其特别适用于结构紧凑的前置前驱车型的三销式等速万向节部位的润滑。
发明内容
本发明提供一种汽车三销式等速万向节专用的滑脂组合物。该润滑脂包括基础油、稠化剂、有机钼类减磨剂、极压剂、防锈剂;各组分的质量百分含量为:
上述组分合计为100%。
基础油选自石蜡基矿物油、聚α-烯烃合成油及酯类油混合物,其质量比为6:3:1~5:3:2,同时控制其苯胺点不低于95℃。
基础油40℃运动粘度为60~160mm2/s。
酯类油优选为三羟甲基丙烷脂或癸二酸二辛脂。
三销式CVJ都含有具有密封作用的防尘罩,油脂被防尘罩密封于三销节壳体内,油脂与防尘罩一直接触。三销式CVJ其防尘罩材质主要有氯丁橡胶及热塑性弹性体两种类型。因此润滑脂需要与两种材质的防尘罩有良好的相容性。本发明采用石蜡基基础油、聚α-烯烃合成油及酯类油混合物的基础油组合,可以有效控制基础油向橡胶材料中的扩散及对橡胶材料中增塑剂的影响,从而达到与防尘罩的良好的相容性。
稠化剂为脲基稠化剂。
脲基稠化剂是异氰酸酯和有机胺的合成反应产物,基本反应为:
R1-NCO(异氰酸酯)+R2-NH2(有机胺)→R2-NH-CO-NH-R1(脲化合物)
本专利所提到的脲基稠化剂为二脲基化合物或四脲基化合物,二脲基化合物其分子结构为R1-NH-CO-NH-R2-NH-CO-NH-R3,四脲基化合物其分子结构为R1-NH-CO-NH-R2-NH-CO-NH-R3-NH-CO-NH-R4-NH-CO-NH-R5。二脲基化合物可由二异氰酸酯与单胺反应生成,四脲基化合物可由二异氰酸酯与二胺及单胺反应生成。其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5表示含有1-25个碳原子的羟基,优选为5-20个碳原子的羟基。
脲基稠化剂不同于金属皂基稠化剂,不含金属离子,避免了皂基稠化剂中金属离子对润滑脂基础油的催化氧化作用,因此脲基润滑脂相比金属皂基润滑脂具有更好的氧化安定性及热稳定性。
有机钼类减磨剂为二硫代氨基甲酸钼及二硫代磷酸钼中的一种或两种的混合物,优选为两种的混合物,质量比为1:2~1:5。
极压剂为硫化异丁烯及磺酸钙盐的混合物,质量比为1:1~1:5。
防锈剂为石油磺酸钡。
根据本发明制备的用于汽车三销式部件润滑的润滑脂,该组合物与氯丁橡胶及热塑性弹性体具有良好的相容性,并且具有优异的高温性能,同时其具有较低的摩擦系数,优异的耐久性能,并可以明显改善汽车传动系统的NVH特性。其特别适用于结构紧凑的前置前驱车型的三销式等速万向节部位的润滑。
具体实施方式
实施例
将基础油均匀分散到稠化剂中得到基础润滑脂,然后将各种添加剂添胺按照相应的质量比加到基础润滑脂中,并用三辊研磨机研磨分散,从而得到实施例润滑脂样品及对比实施例样品。
实施例1-6样品其基础油为石蜡基基础油、聚α-烯烃合成油及酯类油混合物,其质量比从表1组合中选取,
表1基础油组合的质量比
石蜡基基础油/% 聚α-烯烃合成油/% 酯类油/% 黏度mm<sup>2</sup>/s
基础油1# 60 30 10 105
基础油2# 50 30 20 120
基础油3# 55 30 15 116
实施例1-6的稠化剂为二脲基化合物或者四脲基化合物,其组成如下所示:
二脲基化合物:将1摩尔二苯甲烷-4,4’-二异氰酸酯与1摩尔十八胺及1摩尔正辛胺进行反应,从而得到二脲基化合物。
四脲基化合物:将2摩尔二苯甲烷-4,4’-二异氰酸酯与1摩尔正辛胺,1摩尔十八胺及1摩尔乙二胺进行反应,从而得到四脲基化合物。
表2实施例与对比实施例组成的对比
由于SRV(高频、线性、摆动摩擦磨损试验)试验可以模拟汽车运动时CVJ的伸缩和往复运动,与CVJ的实际应用有很好的相关性。PDSC(压差扫描量热法)可以评价油脂的热氧化安定性。因此对本发明实施例及对比例分别进行了极压、SRV、PDSC橡胶相容性等测试对比,并进了关于氯丁橡胶及热塑性弹性体的相容性对比。
表3本专利实施例与对比实施例性能对比表
从表3的数据对比可以看出,采用本发明制备的润滑脂其滴点都在270℃以上,明显高于对比例中的锂基润滑脂182℃的滴点。其氧化诱导期最长可达18.4min,明显长于对比例中的锂基、复合锂基及复合钙基润滑脂,因此其高温性能更优。同时可以看到使用本发明制备的润滑脂对于氯丁橡胶及热塑性弹性体的相容性明显优于对比例,并且其SRV摩擦系数明显小于对比例。
由上可知,根据本发明制备的用于汽车三销式部件润滑的润滑脂,其与氯丁橡胶及热塑性弹性体具有良好的相容性,并且具有优异的高温性能,同时其具有较低的摩擦系数,可以明显改善汽车传动系统的NVH特性。其特别适用于结构紧凑的前置前驱车型的三销式等速万向节部位的润滑。

Claims (10)

1.一种汽车三销式等速万向节专用的滑脂组合物,其特征是各组分及质量百分含量为:
上述组分合计为100%。
2.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征是基础油选自石蜡基矿物油、聚α-烯烃合成油及酯类油混合物,其质量比为6:3:1~5:3:2,同时控制其苯胺点不低于95℃。
3.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征是基础油40℃运动粘度为60~160mm2/s。
4.如权利要求2所述的组合物,其特征是酯类油为三羟甲基丙烷脂或癸二酸二辛脂。
5.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征是稠化剂为脲基稠化剂。
6.如权利要求2所述的组合物,其特征是脲基稠化剂为二脲基化合物或四脲基化合物,二脲基化合物其分子结构为R1-NH-CO-NH-R2-NH-CO-NH-R3,四脲基化合物其分子结构为R1-NH-CO-NH-R2-NH-CO-NH-R3-NH-CO-NH-R4-NH-CO-NH-R5;二脲基化合物由二异氰酸酯与单胺反应生成,四脲基化合物由二异氰酸酯与二胺及单胺反应生成;其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5为含有1-25个碳原子的羟基。
7.如权利要求2所述的组合物,其特征是其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5为含有5-20个碳原子的羟基。
8.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征是有机钼类减磨剂为二硫代氨基甲酸钼及二硫代磷酸钼中的一种或两种的混合物;两种的混合物的质量比为1:2~1:5。
9.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征是极压剂为硫化异丁烯及磺酸钙盐的混合物,质量比为1:1~1:5。
10.如权利要求2所述的组合物,其特征是防锈剂为石油磺酸钡。
CN201811181831.8A 2018-10-11 2018-10-11 一种汽车三销式等速万向节专用的滑脂组合物 Pending CN109321333A (zh)

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