CN109320533A - 一种镉基金属-有机框架材料及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种镉基金属-有机框架材料及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000012621 metal-organic framework Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- ZEGFMCQPAMLDCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(n-phenylanilino)benzoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZEGFMCQPAMLDCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ZNDJDQOECGBUNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-nitrophenyl)phenol Chemical group C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 ZNDJDQOECGBUNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XUPMSLUFFIXCDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipyridin-4-yldiazene Chemical class C1=NC=CC(N=NC=2C=CN=CC=2)=C1 XUPMSLUFFIXCDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+) Chemical compound [Cd+2] WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229960000907 methylthioninium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
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- RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
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- ZPTVNYMJQHSSEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 ZPTVNYMJQHSSEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BQPIGGFYSBELGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury(2+) Chemical compound [Hg+2] BQPIGGFYSBELGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N picric acid Chemical compound OC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Inorganic materials [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
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- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006617 triphenylamine group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C07F3/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种镉基金属‑有机框架材料及其制备方法与应用。该金属‑有机框架材料是以金属离子Cd2+为节点,以4,4',4”‑三羧基三苯胺为有机连接主配体,4,4'‑偶氮吡啶为辅助配体,通过溶剂热法制备得到,该材料的化学式为:[Mm(L1)n(L2)b(EtOH)·(EtOH)q],式中,L1为4,4',4”‑三羧基三苯胺,L2为4,4'‑偶氮吡啶,M为金属离子Cd2+,m=1.5,n=1,b=0.5,q=2。本发明提供的材料对4‑羟基‑4'‑硝基联苯的检测具有高选择性,同时还能用作光催化剂降解亚甲基蓝;本发明的制备工艺简单,环境友好,成本低,易于大规模制备。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及金属-有机框架材料领域,具体涉及一种镉基金属-有机框架材料及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
随着人类社会发展的速度与日俱增,工业化的发展也如影随形。如此,各种工业和制造过程中化学流出物的数量不断地增加,很多有毒的物质都对人体及环境造成了极大地危害。在这些有毒物质中硝基芳香化合物占了很大比重,4-羟基-4'-硝基联苯(HNBP)作为其中一员,其广泛应用也带来了严重的环境污染问题。此外,有机染料作为工业废水中的主要污染成分,具有组成复杂、高色度、有毒、强酸强碱性等复杂特点,从而导致水质污染严重、治理难、难降解等特点。因而,合成一种具有高选择性检测材料及有效降解有机染料的检测和催化材料具有重要意义。
然而,设计出简便、高效、廉价的检测材料及可循环利用降解有机染料的催化剂材料仍然是一个迫在眉睫的问题。传统的处理方法如吸附,混凝和膜分离的操作成本高,甚至产生二次污染物。为了实现对硝基污染物的快速、高灵敏、高选择性的检测,许多基于荧光和比色检测硝基污染物的方法已被建立。但是目前大多数对硝基污染物的检测都是苯、硝基苯、苦味酸等,而对4-羟基-4'-硝基联苯检测的报道却没有。金属-有机框架(MOFs)材料的蓬勃发展,为开发对于4-羟基-4'-硝基联苯检测和污染物降解的材料提供了可能性;然而,要真正应用到高选择性检测4-羟基-4'-硝基联苯及光催化降解有机染料,科学工作者还需解决如下问题:
1.传统的检测材料存在着效率低、复杂且耗时的校准程序、便携性差、成本高等这些弊端。因而急需研发出具有高灵敏度和选择性的创新材料。
2.目前基于MOFs材料的多功能性应用开发较少和材料的稳定性不够,这大大限制了其在检测/催化领域中的实际应用的潜力。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一是提供一种镉基金属-有机框架材料,价格便宜,能高选择性检测4-羟基-4'-硝基联苯及光催化降解有机染料。
本发明的目的之二是提供一种上述镉基金属-有机框架材料的制备方法,工艺简单,可大规模生产。
为实现上述目的之一,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种镉基金属-有机框架材料,以金属离子Cd2+为节点,以4,4',4”-三羧基三苯胺(H3tca)为有机连接主配体和光吸收、发射单元,4,4'-偶氮吡啶(abp)为辅助配体,通过溶剂热法制得三维金属-有机框架材料Cd-TCAA;
Cd-TCAA的化学式为:[Mm(L1)n(L2)b(EtOH)·(EtOH)q],式中,
L1为有机连接主配体H3tca,中文名称为4,4',4”-三羧基三苯胺,其结构式见式Ⅰ:
L2为辅助配体abp,中文名称为4,4'-偶氮吡啶,其结构式见式Ⅱ:
M为金属离子Cd2+;
m、n、b和q分别为金属离子、有机连接主配体H3tca、辅助配体abp和乙醇分子的个数,其中,m=1.5,n=1,b=0.5,q=2。
为实现上述目的之二,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种镉基金属-有机框架材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、按照摩尔比(1~1.1):(2~2.1):(4.5~4.7)分别称取4,4',4”-三羧基三苯胺、4,4'-偶氮吡啶和镉的可溶性盐,并置于玻璃样品瓶中,加入乙醇,并搅拌均匀;
S2、将玻璃样品瓶置于水热合成反应釜中,在110℃~115℃条件下保温反应48h~50h;
S3、待反应结束后,冷却得到橙色块状晶体,再依次经过过滤、洗涤、干燥处理,即制得镉基金属-有机框架材料。
优选的,所述4,4',4”-三羧基三苯胺、4,4'-偶氮吡啶和镉的可溶性盐的摩尔比为1:2:4.5。
优选的,所述镉的可溶性盐为四水合硝酸镉。
优选的,步骤S3中,洗涤条件为用乙醇洗涤,洗涤3~5次。
优选的,步骤S3中,所述干燥的温度为90℃~100℃,干燥的时间为7h~8h。
制备Cd-TCAA的化学反应方程式如下:
本发明的目的之三是提供一种上述镉基金属-有机框架材料的应用。
本发明提供的金属-有机框架材料可用作荧光探针,应用于高选择性检测4-羟基-4'-硝基联苯。
本发明提供的金属-有机框架材料还可用作光催化剂,应用于降解亚甲基蓝染料。
Cd-TCAA材料的固体紫外-可见吸收光谱表现出在275-450nm范围内的宽吸收带,表明该材料在可见光范围内有响应,为材料作为光催化剂提供有效前提。此外,该材料还具有良好的循环利用性能,循环使用五次以上可以保持该催化剂的活性不发生改变。
因为金属-有机框架(Metal-organic Frameworks,MOFs)材料由金属离子和有机连接体通过配位键形成的多孔材料,易于通过金属离子、配体或客体分子等引入荧光功能,此外,其多孔框架材料的多孔性可以促进光催化反应中电子-空穴分离的效率,从而使MOFs成为优异的光催化剂。本发明采用具有高效光吸收单元的4,4',4”-三羧基三苯胺和4,4'-偶氮吡啶为有机连接体,与镉离子通过一步溶剂热反应,获得一例三维的金属-有机框架材料。荧光特性和共轭体系赋予材料作为高效传感器用于检测4-羟基-4'-硝基联苯和光催化剂用于光降解有机污染物。
本发明使用的起始原料价格低廉、环境友好,使用的配体可以通过简单的方法合成且产率较高;通过一步溶剂热反应合成出目标材料Cd-TCAA,产率高且化学性质稳定,制备工艺简单,成本低,易于大规模制备。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1制备的金属-有机骨架材料的结构图;
图2是本发明实施例1制备的金属-有机骨架材料的固体紫外-可见吸收光谱图;
图3是本发明实施例1制备的金属-有机骨架材料光催化降解亚甲基蓝的时间跟踪图;
图4是回收的金属-有机骨架材料用作光催化剂降解亚甲基蓝的循环利用图;
图5是本发明实施例1制备的金属-有机骨架材料对4-羟基-4'-硝基联苯(HNBP)选择性识别的柱状图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步地说明。
以下实施例中所使用的原料和试剂,如无特殊说明,均为常规市售商品。
以下实施例中的有机连接主配体4,4',4”-三羧基三苯胺的合成过程如下:
称取1.0g三苯胺和1.8g的三氯化铝于烧瓶中,加入150ml的无水二氯甲烷,接着向上述体系滴加2.0ml的乙酰氯和50ml的无水二氯甲烷溶液。然后加入100ml去离子水,室温下反应12小时。反应结束后,用二氯甲烷萃取三次(3×150ml),得到的有机层用Na2SO4干燥,将干燥后的溶液进行减压抽滤得到粗产物,将粗产物再通过硅胶柱色谱进行纯化,得到黄色固体4,4',4“-三乙酰基三苯胺。
取3mlBr2滴加到30ml的NaOH(7g,0.18mol)溶液中冰浴,接着搅拌20min,然后将溶液倒入恒压滴液漏斗中,逐步滴加到含有2.0g 4,4',4“-三乙酰基三苯胺的1,4-二恶烷(50ml)溶液中45℃条件下反应5小时。接着将混合物进行冰浴,加入饱和羟胺HCl以还原过量的亚溴化钠。用盐酸对该溶液进行酸化,把得到的固体产物过滤真空干燥。最后将粗产物用乙酸重结晶,得到纯产物4,4',4”-三羧基三苯胺H3TCA,为白色固体。产率:86.6%。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ12.75(s,3HCOOH),7.91(d,6Hbenzene,J=8.8Hz),7.14(d,6Hbenzene,J=8.8Hz)。
实施例1
称取H3TCA(4.1mg,0.012mmol)、abp(4.6mg,0.025mmol)和Cd(NO3)2·4H2O(17.2mg,0.056mmol)于10ml螺口玻璃小瓶中,加入5ml乙醇,然后将玻璃小瓶置于聚四氟乙烯的水热合成反应釜中,再将水热合成反应釜放置于恒温干燥箱中,110℃反应48h。反应结束后,冷却得到橙色块状晶体,过滤、乙醇洗涤5次、90℃干燥7h,制得金属-有机骨架材料Cd-TCAA,产率:84%。其晶体结构如图1所示,可以看出该结构为一三维网络结构,具有的孔道。
材料的固体紫外-可见吸收光谱测试
称取10mg实施例1中的材料Cd-TCAA装样,进行固体紫外的测试。测试结果如图2所示,可以看到材料在275-450nm范围有一个宽的吸收谱带。
材料的光催化性能的研究
将5mg光催化剂Cd-TCAA与50mL28μM MB水溶液混合在100mL玻璃瓶中。在光照之前,悬浮液在黑暗中磁力搅拌30分钟以确保建立吸附/解吸平衡。之后,在500W氙灯照射下进行光降解反应,并保持搅拌以保持混合物悬浮。每隔一定时间收集1mL样品,离心并在容量瓶中稀释至2mL。用紫外可见分光光度计测定样品的吸光度。测试结果如图3所示,说明材料具有高效率的光催化性能,一级反应速率常数高达0.59h-1。
反应完成后,将光催化剂进行离心分离,然后水洗,干燥,可获得回收样品,进行催化剂的循环利用测试,结果如图4所示,可以看出该材料催化亚甲基蓝降解至少可以循环使用5轮,且催化活性没有发生改变。
材料的选择性识别的研究
取探针标准悬浊液2mL到石英比色皿中,加入其它硝基爆炸物(苯(B),甲苯(T),苯胺(A),硝基苯(NB),对硝基甲苯(p-NT),间-硝基甲苯(m-NT),邻硝基甲苯(o-NT),硝基苯酚(m-NP),邻硝基苯酚(o-NP)0.2mM,在350nm处激发,测试其荧光强度变化,以硝基爆炸物种类为横坐标,相对荧光强度为纵坐标,得到选择性图。然后再向上述溶液中再加入0.2mM的汞离子溶液,同样在350nm处激发,测试其荧光强度变化,得到竞争实验图,结果如图5所示。可以看出材料对于HNBP的检测具有高的选择性。
实施例2
称取H3TCA(3.8mg,0.011mmol)、abp(3.9mg,0.021mmol)和Cd(NO3)2·4H2O(14.4mg,0.047mmol)于10ml螺口玻璃小瓶中,加入5ml乙醇,然后将玻璃小瓶置于聚四氟乙烯的水热合成反应釜中,再将水热合成反应釜放置于恒温干燥箱中,110℃反应48h。反应结束后,冷却得到橙色块状晶体,过滤、乙醇洗涤3次、90℃干燥8h,制得金属-有机骨架材料Cd-TCAA,产率:78%。
本实施例制得的Cd-TCAA的晶体结构与实施例1制得的Cd-TCAA的晶体结构类似。
实施例3
称取H3TCA(4.1mg,0.012mmol)、abp(4.4mg,0.024mmol)和Cd(NO3)2·4H2O(16.6mg,0.054mmol)于10ml螺口玻璃小瓶中,加入5ml乙醇,然后将玻璃小瓶置于聚四氟乙烯的水热合成反应釜中,再将水热合成反应釜放置于恒温干燥箱中,115℃反应50h。反应结束后,冷却得到橙色块状晶体,过滤、乙醇洗涤4次、100℃干燥7h,制得金属-有机骨架材料Cd-TCAA,产率:80%。
本实施例制得的Cd-TCAA的晶体结构与实施例1制得的Cd-TCAA的晶体结构类似。
Claims (8)
1.一种镉基金属-有机框架材料,其特征在于:该材料是以金属离子Cd2+为节点,以4,4',4”-三羧基三苯胺为有机连接主配体和光吸收、发射单元,4,4'-偶氮吡啶为辅助配体,通过溶剂热法制得;该材料的化学式为:[Mm(L1)n(L2)b(EtOH)·(EtOH)q],式中,L1为4,4',4”-三羧基三苯胺,L2为4,4'-偶氮吡啶,M为金属离子Cd2+;m、n、b和q分别为金属离子、有机连接主配体、辅助配体和乙醇分子的个数,其中,m=1.5,n=1,b=0.5,q=2。
2.一种权利要求1所述的镉基金属-有机框架材料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
S1、按照摩尔比(1~1.1):(2~2.1):(4.5~4.7)分别称取4,4',4”-三羧基三苯胺、4,4'-偶氮吡啶和镉的可溶性盐,并置于玻璃样品瓶中,加入乙醇,并搅拌均匀;
S2、将玻璃样品瓶置于水热合成反应釜中,在110℃~115℃条件下保温反应48h~50h;
S3、待反应结束后,冷却得到橙色块状晶体,再依次经过过滤、洗涤、干燥处理,即制得镉基金属-有机框架材料。
3.根据权利要求2所述的镉基金属-有机框架材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述4,4',4”-三羧基三苯胺、4,4'-偶氮吡啶和镉的可溶性盐的摩尔比为1:2:4.5。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的镉基金属-有机框架材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述镉的可溶性盐为四水合硝酸镉。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的镉基金属-有机框架材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S3中,洗涤条件为用乙醇洗涤,洗涤3~5次。
6.根据权利要求2或3所述的镉基金属-有机框架材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S3中,所述干燥的温度为90℃~100℃,干燥的时间为7h~8h。
7.权利要求1所述的镉基金属-有机框架材料在制备检测4-羟基-4'-硝基联苯的荧光探针中的应用。
8.权利要求1所述的镉基金属-有机框架材料在制备降解亚甲基蓝的光催化剂中的应用。
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CN116813928A (zh) * | 2023-06-29 | 2023-09-29 | 延安大学 | 一种含氮羧酸过渡金属大孔配合物及其制备方法与应用 |
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CN110372873B (zh) * | 2019-06-18 | 2021-04-20 | 重庆师范大学 | 一种红色荧光镉配位聚合物、其制备方法及应用 |
CN116813928A (zh) * | 2023-06-29 | 2023-09-29 | 延安大学 | 一种含氮羧酸过渡金属大孔配合物及其制备方法与应用 |
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