CN110161000B - 一种识别Hg2+、Ag+的联蒽衍生物荧光探针及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种识别Hg2+、Ag+的联蒽衍生物荧光探针及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种识别Hg2+、Ag+的联蒽衍生物荧光探针及其制备方法,属于分析检测技术领域,以10,10'‑二溴联蒽、4‑甲酰基苯硼酸、Pd(PPh3)4、氨基硫脲为原料制作的荧光探针,在pH2~7范围内自身有较强的蓝色荧光,在pH3时对Hg2+、Ag+有特异性的荧光响应,加入Hg2+、Ag+后,荧光强度迅速淬灭,而且抗其他金属离子干扰能力较强,灵敏度高,且合成简单,可广泛应用于溶液中Hg2+、Ag+检测,在分析检测领域具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于分析检测技术领域,尤其涉及一种识别Hg2+、Ag+的联蒽衍生物荧光探针及其制备方法。
背景技术
汞由于其独特的化学物理性能被作为一种重要的工业原料,在当前的化学工业中起着重要的作用,但同时汞是一种有毒易挥发的元素,对环境的危害非常大。银在许多领域也得到了广泛的应用。如:感光材料、医药工业、催化技术、电子电器材料等方面。过量接触汞及其衍生物会导致严重的心脏疾病和脑、肾、中枢神经系统的紊乱。银能使体内含硫酶失活影响人体的新陈代谢,并能与胺、咪唑、羧酸等活性基团相互作用,引起多种疾病,直接危害人体健康。此外,作为重金属,汞和银具有生物累积作用,还会在食物链中积累,对人类健康造成危害。总之,汞和银离子已经成为影响人类健康和环境的重要环境污染物。因此建立一种快速、高效的检测超标Hg2+、Ag+的检测方法对保护环境和人类的健康具有重要的意义。
目前,常见的对Hg2+、Ag+的检测方法有原子吸收光谱法、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法、原子发射光谱法、电化学法、分光光度法以及荧光光谱法等。其中荧光法检测Hg2+、Ag+,由于灵敏度高、响应快、选择性好、易于携带等优点而得到迅速发展。到目前为止,已有许多性能良好的探针能对Hg2+、Ag+进行识别。联蒽作为一个优良的荧光基团,具有宽能带、高荧光量子效率、良好热稳定性等性能,在蓝光材料中被广泛关注,但以联蒽为中心核的Hg2+、Ag+荧光探针却鲜见报道。
因此通过对联蒽环的简单修饰,优化联蒽的性能,合成以联蒽为中心核的新型荧光探针,可以高选择性的检测Hg2+、Ag+具有非常重要的理论研究意义和实用价值。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种识别Hg2+、Ag+的联蒽衍生物荧光探针,具体方案如下:
该荧光探针为一高分子化合物,该高分子化合物至少含有一个基团
进一步的,所述的高分子化合物含有两个基团
进一步的,所述的高分子化合物的结构式如下:
同时,本发明还提供了一种识别Hg2+、Ag+的联蒽衍生物荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
1)将按照物质的量10,10'-二溴联蒽:4-甲酰基苯硼酸:Pd(PPh3)4=1:2~10:0.05~0.3的比例溶于有机溶剂中,加入弱碱性溶液,搅拌均匀,然后加热到60~99℃回流反应,20-30小时后,在反应液中加去离子水,用二氯甲烷萃取,有机相多次水洗后,用无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤,旋蒸除去溶剂,残余物后经硅胶柱层析分离,得到中间体4,4'-([9,9'-联蒽]-10,10'-双)二苯甲醛;其中弱碱性溶液为含有碳酸根、碳酸氢根的溶液,且加入弱碱性溶液中的碳酸根、碳酸氢根的物质的量为10,10'-二溴联蒽物质的量的5-15倍;
2)在反应容器中,将4,4'-([9,9'-联蒽]-10,10'-双)二苯甲醛和氨基硫脲按照物质的量比为1:2~5的比例溶于无水乙醇,以冰醋酸为催化剂,室温搅拌反应,反应完成后,分离纯化得到该衍生物荧光探针的高分子化合物。
进一步的,所述的有机溶剂为甲醇、乙腈、二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、四氢呋喃中的一种。
进一步的,所述的弱碱性溶液为碳酸钾溶液、碳酸钠溶液中的一种。
进一步的,所述的步骤1)的加热回流反应在惰性气体保护下进行。
进一步的,所述的惰性气体为氦气、氖气、氩气、氪气、氙气中的一种。
本发明所得产物荧光探针(2E,2'E)-2,2'-(([9,9'-联蒽]-10,10'-二基双 (4,1-亚苯基))二(亚甲基))二(联氨-1-硫代酰胺),分子式为C44H32N6S2,分子量为708.2。该探针为黄色固体,溶于二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、四氢呋喃等有机溶剂中,溶解度大小为:二甲基甲酰胺>二甲基亚砜>四氢呋喃。
本发明所得荧光探针可与Hg2+、Ag+作用,产生紫外吸收光谱和荧光光谱的变化,而K+、Na+、Mg2+、Al3+、Zn2+、Fe2+、Pb2+、Cu2+、Co2+、Cd2+、Ni2+、Mn2+、 Ba2+等其他离子均不能导致紫外吸收光谱和荧光光谱的明显变化,从而实现对 Hg2+、Ag+的选择性识别。
本发明具有如下有益效果:本发明所述荧光探针在pH2~7范围内自身有较强的蓝色荧光,在pH3时对Hg2+、Ag+有特异性的荧光响应,加入Hg2+、Ag+后,荧光强度迅速淬灭,而且抗其他金属离子干扰能力较强,灵敏度高,且合成简单,可广泛应用于溶液中Hg2+、Ag+检测,在分析检测领域具有广阔的应用前景。
附图说明
图1本发明荧光探针的氢谱。
图2本发明荧光探针的碳谱。
图3本发明荧光探针与不同金属离子混合的荧光发射光谱图。
图4不同金属离子与Hg2+或Ag+共存时对荧光强度的影响。
图5本发明荧光探针与不同浓度的Hg2+或Ag+反应的荧光发射光谱图。
图6本发明荧光探针与不同浓度的Hg2+、Ag+反应荧光强度的线性回归曲线。
具体实施方式
下面进一步描述本发明的技术方案,但要求保护的范围并不局限于所述。
实施例一
本实施例提供一种识别Hg2+、Ag+的联蒽衍生物荧光探针,其结构式(结合荧光探针的氢谱(图1)和碳谱(图2))如下:
制备方法为:
1)将10,10'-二溴联蒽、4-甲酰基苯硼酸和Pd(PPh3)4溶于四氢呋喃,加入碳酸钾溶液,所述10,10'-二溴联蒽、4-甲酰基苯硼酸、Pd(PPh3)4和碳酸钾的物质的量比为1:2:0.05:5,反应液在氩气保护下逐渐升温至60℃回流反应,20小时后,将反应液加去离子水,用二氯甲烷萃取,有机相多次水洗后,用无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤,旋蒸除去溶剂,残余物经硅胶柱层析分离,得到中间体4,4'-([9,9'-联蒽]-10,10'-双)二苯甲醛。
2)在反应容器中,将4,4'-([9,9'-联蒽]-10,10'-双)二苯甲醛和氨基硫脲混合物溶于无水乙醇,所述4,4'-([9,9'-联蒽]-10,10'-双)二苯甲醛和氨基硫脲的物质的量比为1:2,以0.5mL冰醋酸为催化剂,室温搅拌反应,48小时后,离心分离除去乙醇后,用二氯甲烷多次洗涤沉淀,得到黄色粉末状固体化合物,为该荧光探针。
具体地,所述探针分子的制备方法包括以下步骤:
实施例二
本实施例提供一种识别Hg2+、Ag+的联蒽衍生物荧光探针,其结构式(结合荧光探针的氢谱(图1)和碳谱(图2))如下:
制备方法为:
1)将10,10'-二溴联蒽、4-甲酰基苯硼酸和Pd(PPh3)4溶于四氢呋喃中,加入碳酸钾溶液,所述10,10'-二溴联蒽、4-甲酰基苯硼酸、Pd(PPh3)4和碳酸钾的物质的量比为1:10:0.3:15,反应液在氩气保护下逐渐升温至60~99℃回流反应,20~30小时后,将反应液加去离子水,用二氯甲烷萃取,有机相多次水洗后,用无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤,旋蒸除去溶剂,残余物经硅胶柱层析分离,得到中间体4,4'-([9,9'-联蒽]-10,10'-双)二苯甲醛。
2)在反应容器中,将4,4'-([9,9'-联蒽]-10,10'-双)二苯甲醛和氨基硫脲混合物溶于无水乙醇,所述4,4'-([9,9'-联蒽]-10,10'-双)二苯甲醛和氨基硫脲的物质的量比为1:5,以0.5mL冰醋酸为催化剂,室温搅拌反应,48小时后,离心分离除去乙醇后,用二氯甲烷多次洗涤沉淀,得到黄色粉末状固体化合物,为该荧光探针。
实施例三
本实施例提供一种识别Hg2+、Ag+的联蒽衍生物荧光探针,其结构式(结合荧光探针的氢谱(图1)和碳谱(图2))如下:
制备方法为:
1)将10,10'-二溴联蒽、4-甲酰基苯硼酸和Pd(PPh3)4溶于四氢呋喃中,加入碳酸钾溶液,所述10,10'-二溴联蒽、4-甲酰基苯硼酸、Pd(PPh3)4和碳酸钾的物质的量比为1:2.5:0.1:10,反应液在氩气保护下逐渐升温至80℃回流反应,24小时后,将反应液加去离子水,用二氯甲烷萃取,有机相多次水洗后,用无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤,旋蒸除去溶剂,残余物经硅胶柱层析分离,得到中间体4,4'-([9,9'-联蒽]-10,10'-双)二苯甲醛。
2)在反应容器中,将4,4'-([9,9'-联蒽]-10,10'-双)二苯甲醛和氨基硫脲混合物溶于无水乙醇,所述4,4'-([9,9'-联蒽]-10,10'-双)二苯甲醛和氨基硫脲的物质的量比为1:2,以0.5mL冰醋酸为催化剂,室温搅拌反应,48小时后,离心分离除去乙醇后,用二氯甲烷多次洗涤沉淀,得到黄色粉末状固体化合物,为该荧光探针。
实施例四
参看图3,荧光探针与不同金属离子混合的荧光发射光谱图。
在多个5mL的比色管中分别加入0.5mL水溶液(PH=3,用HNO3调节),4.5mL 二甲基甲酰胺,0.05mL摩尔浓度为5.0×10-4mol/L的化合物P的DMF溶液,然后分别加入浓度为1.0×10-2mol/L的不同金属离子(K+、Na+、Mg2+、Al3+、Zn2+、 Fe2+、Pb2+、Cu2+、Hg2+、Ag+、Co2+、Cd2+、Ni2+、Mn2+、Ba2+)0.025mL,摇匀后测定荧光强度,结果表明:Hg2+、Ag+存在时荧光淬灭,而其他离子荧光没有明显的变化,说明该荧光探针对Hg2+、Ag+表现出高度的荧光选择性。
实施例五
参看图4,不同金属离子与Hg2+(Ag+)共存时对荧光强度的影响
为了进一步考察化合物P对Hg2+、Ag+的选择性,测试了各种金属离子与Hg2+ (Ag+)共存时对荧光强度的影响。图4中,化合物P的浓度为5.0×10-6mol/L,各种金属离子及Hg2+、Ag+的浓度均为5.0×10-5mol/L。从图中可以看出,各种金属离子存在时不干扰Hg2+、Ag+的测定,与Hg2+、Ag+单独存在时表现出的荧光强度一致,这说明该荧光探针对Hg2+、Ag+表现出专一性。
实施例六
参看图5,荧光探针与不同浓度的Hg2+或Ag+反应的荧光发射光谱图
在化合物P溶液(DMF/H2O=9:1)中加入不同浓度的Hg2+或Ag+溶液,摇匀后测定各溶液的荧光强度,确定荧光强度与Hg2+或Ag+浓度的定量关系并将荧光强度与相应离子浓度进行拟合,在Hg2+浓度为5×10-7~20×10-6mol/L,Ag+浓度为3×10-5~5×10-5mol/L范围内分别得到一拟合曲线(图6),表明本发明所涉及的荧光探针在水溶液体系中可以定量检测Hg2+或Ag+。
Claims (6)
2.一种如权利要求1所述的识别Hg2+、Ag+的联蒽衍生物荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
1)将按照物质的量10,10'-二溴联蒽:4-甲酰基苯硼酸:Pd(PPh3)4=1:2~10:0.05~0.3的比例溶于有机溶剂中,加入弱碱性溶液,搅拌均匀,然后加热到60~99℃回流反应,20-30小时后,在反应液中加去离子水,用二氯甲烷萃取,有机相多次水洗后,用无水硫酸镁干燥,过滤,旋蒸除去溶剂,残余物后经硅胶柱层析分离,得到中间体4,4'-([9,9'-联蒽]-10,10'-双)二苯甲醛;其中弱碱性溶液为含有碳酸根、碳酸氢根的溶液,且加入弱碱性溶液中的碳酸根、碳酸氢根的物质的量为10,10'-二溴联蒽物质的量的5-15倍;
2)在反应容器中,将4,4'-([9,9'-联蒽]-10,10'-双)二苯甲醛和氨基硫脲按照物质的量比为1:2~5的比例溶于无水乙醇,以冰醋酸为催化剂,室温搅拌反应,反应完成后,分离纯化得到该衍生物荧光探针的高分子化合物。
3.如权利要求2所述的识别Hg2+、Ag+的联蒽衍生物荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的有机溶剂为甲醇、乙腈、二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、四氢呋喃中的一种。
4.如权利要求2所述的识别Hg2+、Ag+的联蒽衍生物荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的弱碱性溶液为碳酸钾溶液、碳酸钠溶液中的一种。
5.如权利要求2所述的识别Hg2+、Ag+的联蒽衍生物荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤1)的加热回流反应在惰性气体保护下进行。
6.如权利要求5所述的识别Hg2+、Ag+的联蒽衍生物荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的惰性气体为氦气、氖气、氩气、氪气、氙气中的一种。
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