CN109320222B - 一种堇青石-莫来石陶瓷匣钵的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种堇青石-莫来石陶瓷匣钵的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109320222B
CN109320222B CN201811330263.3A CN201811330263A CN109320222B CN 109320222 B CN109320222 B CN 109320222B CN 201811330263 A CN201811330263 A CN 201811330263A CN 109320222 B CN109320222 B CN 109320222B
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mullite
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CN109320222A (zh
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张拯
雷复兴
姜鹏
田守信
马文鹏
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Luoyang Ceramtech Material Co ltd
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Abstract

一种堇青石‑莫来石陶瓷匣钵及其制备方法，涉及堇青石‑莫来石陶瓷领域，堇青石‑莫来石陶瓷匣钵的制备方法，按照质量百分比，以莫来石40～55%，堇青石35～45%，莫来凯特10～15%为骨料；以堇青石微粉10～15%，石英微粉30～40%，氧化铝微粉20～30%，菱镁矿微粉10～15%，氧化锆5～10%，锆英石5～10%为基质料，分别在混料机中混合均匀；将结合剂按质量比重为：水：结合剂=100:4的比例制成水溶液；通过浆料制备、泥料制备、成型、干燥、烧成步骤制成；本发明在骨料中加入莫来石是由于莫来石具有和优良的耐高温性能，采用湿法成型，将物料制备成泥料后再挤压成型，成型后的坯体具有均匀的密度和显微结构。

Description

一种堇青石-莫来石陶瓷匣钵的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及堇青石-莫来石陶瓷领域，尤其是涉及一种堇青石-莫来石陶瓷匣钵及其制备方法。
背景技术
公知的，堇青石-莫来石陶瓷作为窑具已得到广泛地应用，如烧结卫生洁具用的中空棚板及立柱，如煅烧各种化工原料、精细陶瓷材料、磁性材料、半导体材料用的匣钵和坩埚；特别是在作为新能源快速发展的锂电池行业，其正极材料锂盐都需要进行煅烧，所使用的堇青石-莫来石匣钵的需求量非常大，然而目前所使用的匣钵还存在诸多问题，这些问题主要表现为（1）热震稳定性较差，加热过程中容易开裂；（2）耐侵蚀性较差，容易与煅烧材料发生化学反应；（3）脱粉掉渣现象严重，污染煅烧材料；（4）重量超标，影响自动化作业。造成这些问题的主要原因有以下方面：（1）配方不合理，主要表现为在基质中加入了杂质含量较高的粘土类材料，如高岭土、绿泥石、膨润土等等，和含氧化镁类材料，如滑石，这些材料中的杂质在高温下形成大量的玻璃相，玻璃相的存在直接影响了产品的高温性能、热震稳定性能和耐侵蚀性能。（2）制作工艺欠佳，制作工艺的关键环节为成型方法，目前国内大都采取机械压制方法成型，由于陶瓷匣钵属薄壁制品，采取此方法成型的坯体的体积密度很不均匀，边角部位较为疏松，产品疏松部位在使用过程中不仅会产生脱粉掉渣现象，而且耐侵蚀性和抗渗透性也会变差。
发明内容
为了克服背景技术中的不足，本发明公开了一种堇青石-莫来石陶瓷匣钵的制备方法。
为了实现所述发明目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种堇青石-莫来石陶瓷匣钵的制备方法，具体操作步骤如下：
（1）、原料及处理：
按照质量百分比，以莫来石40～55%，堇青石35～45%，莫来凯特10～15% 为骨料，在混料机中混合均匀；按照质量百分比，以堇青石微粉10～15%，石英微粉30～40%，氧化铝微粉20～30%，菱镁矿微粉10～15%，氧化锆5～10%，锆英石5～10%为基质料，在混料机中混合均匀；将结合剂按质量比重为：水：结合剂=100:4的比例制成水溶液；
（2）浆料制备：
将步骤（1）中处理好的100kg水溶液和30~40kg基质料加入到搅拌桶中，搅拌4~6小时，制成浆料；
（3）泥料制备：
将步骤（2）中处理好的100kg浆料和步骤（1）中处理好的40~50kg骨料加入到捏合机中搅拌均匀，在经过练泥机制成泥料；
（4）成型：将泥料压入到模具中制成匣钵坯体；
（5）干燥：将坯体在60~100℃温度下干燥，干燥时间为20~30小时；
（6）烧成：干燥后的坯体经1280~1400℃烧成，保温时间为4~6小时。
所述的堇青石-莫来石陶瓷匣钵的制备方法，结合剂由纸浆粉、羧甲基纤维素、水玻璃、糊精、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、吡咯烷酮、六偏磷酸钠中的任意三种或三种以上组成。
所述的堇青石-莫来石陶瓷匣钵的制备方法，步骤（4）中的模具为钢模、石膏模或树脂模的任意一种。
由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明具有如下有益效果：
本发明所述的堇青石-莫来石陶瓷匣钵的制备方法，在骨料中加入莫来石是由于莫来石具有和优良的耐高温性能；堇青石具有较小的热膨胀系数，可以提高匣钵制品的热震稳定性；莫来凯特属低密度微孔材料，对热震稳定性有利；在基质料中，石英微粉、氧化铝微粉和菱镁矿微粉在高温煅烧时可形成堇青石，堇青石微粉作为晶种促使堇青石的形成，氧化锆和锆英石可提高匣钵制品的抗侵蚀性；本发明采用湿法成型，将物料制备成泥料后再挤压成型，成型后的坯体具有均匀的密度和显微结构。
具体实施方式
通过下面的实施例可以详细的解释本发明，公开本发明的目的旨在保护本发明范围内的一切技术改进。
本发明所述的堇青石-莫来石陶瓷匣钵的制备方法，具体操作步骤如下：
（1）、原料及处理：
按照质量百分比，以莫来石40～55%，堇青石35～45%，莫来凯特10～15% 为骨料，在混料机中混合均匀；按照质量百分比，以堇青石微粉10～15%，石英微粉30～40%，氧化铝微粉20～30%，菱镁矿微粉10～15%，氧化锆5～10%，锆英石5～10%为基质料，在混料机中混合均匀；将结合剂按质量比重为：水：结合剂=100:4的比例制成水溶液；
（2）浆料制备：
将步骤（1）中处理好的100kg水溶液和30~40kg基质料加入到搅拌桶中，搅拌4~6小时，制成浆料；
（3）泥料制备：
将步骤（2）中处理好的100kg浆料和步骤（1）中处理好的40~50kg骨料加入到捏合机中搅拌均匀，在经过练泥机制成泥料；
（4）成型：将泥料压入到模具中制成匣钵坯体；
（5）干燥：将坯体在60~100℃温度下干燥，干燥时间为20~30小时；
（6）烧成：干燥后的坯体经1280~1400℃烧成，保温时间为4~6小时。
所述的堇青石-莫来石陶瓷匣钵的制备方法，结合剂由纸浆粉、羧甲基纤维素、水玻璃、糊精、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、吡咯烷酮、六偏磷酸钠中的任意三种或三种以上组成。
所述的堇青石-莫来石陶瓷匣钵的制备方法，步骤（4）中的模具为钢模、石膏模或树脂模的任意一种。
实施例1
（1）、原料及处理：
骨料组成：按质量百分比，将莫来石40%，堇青石45%，莫来凯特15%在混料机中混合均匀；基料组成：将堇青石粉10%，石英粉40%，氧化铝微粉20%，菱镁矿粉10%，氧化锆10%，锆英石10%在混料机中混合均匀；结合剂由纸浆粉、糊精、聚乙烯醇组成，将结合剂在水中溶解制成水溶液；
（2）浆料制备：
将100kg水溶液和30kg基质料加入到搅拌桶中，搅拌4小时，制成浆料；
（3）泥料制备：
将100kg浆料和50kg骨料加入到捏合机中搅拌均匀，在经过练泥机制成泥料；
（4）成型：将泥料压入到模具中制成匣钵坯体，模具钢模、石膏模或树脂模的任意一种；
（5）干燥：将坯体在60℃温度下干燥，干燥时间为30小时；
（6）烧成：干燥后的坯体经1400℃烧成，保温时间为4小时；
实施例2
（1）、原料及处理：
骨料组成：按质量百分比，将莫来石50%，堇青石40%，莫来凯特10%在混料机中混合均匀；基料组成：将堇青石粉15%，石英粉30%，氧化铝微粉30%，菱镁矿粉15%，氧化锆5%，锆英石5%在混料机中混合均匀；结合剂由羧甲基纤维素、六偏磷酸钠、聚丙烯酰胺、吡咯烷酮组成组成，将结合剂在水中溶解制成水溶液；
（2）浆料制备：
将100kg水溶液和40kg基质料加入到搅拌桶中，搅拌6小时，制成浆料；
（3）泥料制备：
将100kg浆料和40kg骨料加入到捏合机中搅拌均匀，在经过练泥机制成泥料；
（4）成型：将泥料压入到模具中制成匣钵坯体，模具钢模、石膏模或树脂模的任意一种；
（5）干燥：将坯体在60℃温度下干燥，干燥时间为20小时；
（6）烧成：干燥后的坯体经1280℃烧成，保温时间为6小时；
实施例3
（1）、原料及处理：
骨料组成：按质量百分比，将莫来石55%，堇青石35%，莫来凯特10%在混料机中混合均匀；基料组成：将堇青石粉12%，石英粉35%，氧化铝微粉25%，菱镁矿粉10%，氧化锆10%，锆英石5%在混料机中混合均匀；结合剂由羧甲基纤维素、水玻璃、糊精、聚乙烯醇组成，将结合剂在水中溶解制成水溶液；
（2）浆料制备：
将100kg水溶液和32kg基质料加入到搅拌桶中，搅拌5小时，制成浆料；
（3）泥料制备：
将100kg浆料和45kg骨料加入到捏合机中搅拌均匀，在经过练泥机制成泥料；
（4）成型：将泥料压入到模具中制成匣钵坯体，模具钢模、石膏模或树脂模的任意一种；
（5）干燥：将坯体在80℃温度下干燥，干燥时间为25小时；
（6）烧成：干燥后的坯体经1350℃烧成，保温时间为5小时；
实施例4
（1）、原料及处理：
骨料组成：按质量百分比，将莫来石50%，堇青石35%，莫来凯特15%在混料机中混合均匀；基料组成：将堇青石粉10%，石英粉38%，氧化铝微粉25%，菱镁矿粉13%，氧化锆8%，锆英石6%在混料机中混合均匀；结合剂由纸浆粉、羧甲基纤维素、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇组成，将结合剂在水中溶解制成水溶液；
（2）浆料制备：
将100kg水溶液和38kg基质料加入到搅拌桶中，搅拌6小时，制成浆料；
（3）泥料制备：
将100kg浆料和48kg骨料加入到捏合机中搅拌均匀，在经过练泥机制成泥料；
（4）成型：将泥料压入到模具中制成匣钵坯体，模具钢模、石膏模或树脂模的任意一种；
（5）干燥：将坯体在70℃温度下干燥，干燥时间为30小时；
（6）烧成：干燥后的坯体经1380℃烧成，保温时间为5小时；
本发明未详述部分为现有技术。
为了公开本发明的发明目的而在本文中选用的实施例，当前认为是适宜的，但是，应了解的是，本发明旨在包括一切属于本构思和发明范围内的实施例的所有变化和改进。

Claims (3)

1.一种堇青石-莫来石陶瓷匣钵的制备方法，其特征是：具体操作步骤如下：
（1）、原料及处理：
按照质量百分比，以莫来石40～55%，堇青石35～45%，莫来凯特10～15% 为骨料，在混料机中混合均匀；按照质量百分比，以堇青石微粉10～15%，石英微粉30～40%，氧化铝微粉20～30%，菱镁矿微粉10～15%，氧化锆5～10%，锆英石5～10%为基质料，在混料机中混合均匀；将结合剂按质量比重为：水：结合剂=100:4的比例制成水溶液；
（2）浆料制备：
将步骤（1）中处理好的100kg水溶液和30~40kg基质料加入到搅拌桶中，搅拌4~6小时，制成浆料；
（3）泥料制备：
将步骤（2）中处理好的100kg浆料和步骤（1）中处理好的40~50kg骨料加入到捏合机中搅拌均匀，再 经过练泥机制成泥料；
（4）成型：将泥料压入到模具中制成匣钵坯体；
（5）干燥：将坯体在60~100℃温度下干燥，干燥时间为20~30小时；
（6）烧成：干燥后的坯体经1280~1400℃烧成，保温时间为4~6小时。
2.根据权利要求1所述的堇青石-莫来石陶瓷匣钵的制备方法，其特征是：结合剂由纸浆粉、羧甲基纤维素、水玻璃、糊精、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、吡咯烷酮、六偏磷酸钠中的任意三种或三种以上组成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的堇青石-莫来石陶瓷匣钵的制备方法，其特征是：步骤（4）中的模具为钢模、石膏模或树脂模的任意一种。
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