CN109293362A - 石墨烯电极材料生产工艺 - Google Patents
石墨烯电极材料生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了石墨烯电极材料生产工艺，包括筛选后的低硫低钙高碳煤炭首先送干馏系统干馏处理，而后干馏处理后的固体经破碎机破碎送变频电弧炉多级熔融分离系统，而后熔融分离后固体送配料系统，而后送入焙烧系统，所述的配料系统中加入石墨烯、电极辅料、炭黑和粘结剂后经混捏、压型之后加入冶金焦粒粉进行第一次焙烧，而后加浸渍剂浸渍后进行第二次焙烧，而后焙烧后的物质由保温料固定化后经切割机切割出成品规格的石墨烯电极材料，边角料一部分经粉碎机粉碎、过筛制取石墨烯纳米金刚石，一部分送配料系统循环利用。本发明与现有技术相比的优点在于：本发明结构合理，节能环保，循环利用，低成本制取石墨烯电极材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及石墨烯电极材料生产技术领域，具体是指石墨烯电极材料生产工艺。
背景技术
石墨电极，主要以石油焦、针状焦为原料，煤沥青作结合剂，经煅烧、配料、混捏、压型、焙烧、石墨化、机加工而制成，是在电弧炉中以电弧形式释放电能对炉料进行加热熔化的导体，根据其质量指标高低，可分为普通功率、高功率和超高功率，石墨电极较容易加工，且加工速度明显快于铜电极，比如采用铣削工艺加工石墨，其加工速度较其它金属加工快2—3倍且不需要额外的人工处理，而铜电极则需要人手挫磨，同样，如果采用高速石墨加工中心制造电极，速度会更快，效率也更高，还不会产生粉尘问题，在这些加工过程中，选择硬度合适的工具和石墨可减少刀具的磨损耗和铜公的破损，如果具体比较石墨电极与铜电极石墨电极的铣削时间，石墨较铜电极快67％，在一般情况下的放电加工中，采用石墨电极的加工要比采用铜电极快58％，这样一来，加工时间大幅减少，同时也减少了制造成本，但是传统石墨电极生产技术的主要缺点，一是高能耗，高污染，对外排放大量废气，对周边和厂区环境影响大，二是设备投资大，三是生产和运行成本高。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服以上技术缺陷，提供一种低成本制取石墨烯电极，节能环保，减少能源消耗的石墨烯电极材料生产工艺。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供的技术方案为：石墨烯电极材料生产工艺，包括筛选后的低硫低钙高碳煤炭首先送干馏系统干馏处理，而后干馏处理后的固体经破碎机破碎送变频电弧炉多级熔融分离系统，而后熔融分离后固体送配料系统，而后送入焙烧系统，所述的配料系统中加入石墨烯、电极辅料、炭黑和粘结剂后经混捏、压型之后加入冶金焦粒粉进行第一次焙烧，而后加浸渍剂浸渍后进行第二次焙烧，而后焙烧后的物质由保温料固定化后经切割机切割出成品规格的石墨烯电极材料，边角料一部分经粉碎机粉碎、过筛制取石墨烯纳米金刚石，一部分送配料系统循环利用。
本发明与现有技术相比的优点在于：一是工艺简单，全生产线密闭循环，以极低成本制取石墨烯电极、石墨烯润滑油、石墨烯纳米金刚石、航空油、铝合金、多晶硅、电石和乙炔炭黑等高附加值产品，二是节能环保，密闭循环，生产过程中产生的固体、液体、气体物质高效利用，三是剔除杂志，使电极的导电性提高2倍以上，四是设备投资成本低，五是氢气的循环利用。
作为改进，所述的干馏温度为550-900℃。
作为改进，干馏处理后液体送焦油罐，作为石墨烯电极材料循环使用，以及制取航空油、石墨烯润滑油原料，干馏处理后气体净化处理后一部分制氢后用于制取航空油、石墨烯润滑油，另一部分作为焙烧燃料、尾气发电。
作为改进，所述的电弧炉多级熔融分离系统的变频温度为1500-2900℃。
作为改进，所述的石墨烯的质量份为0.1-5％。
作为改进，所述的炭黑包括乙炔炭黑和天然气炭黑，所述的乙炔炭黑由电石乙炔裂解器分裂筛出，所述的天然气炭黑利用生物质和煤制取的天然气经高温裂解制取天然气炭黑，所述的天然气炭黑与石墨烯混合搅拌制成石墨烯纳米炭黑，天然气制炭黑产生的氢气供煤质天然气循环利用。
作为改进，所述的第一次焙烧、第二次焙烧均为无氧状态，第一次焙烧温度为1250-1500℃，第二次焙烧的温度为910-1050℃，清除固体物中的灰分氧化物，制取电石、多晶硅和铝合金。
附图说明
图1是本发明石墨烯电机材料生产工艺示意图。
图2是本发明天然气制石墨烯电极材料生产工艺示意图。
如图所示：1、干馏系统，2、热破碎机，3、电弧炉多级熔融分离系统，4、电石乙炔裂解器，5、焦油罐，6、配料系统，7、焙烧系统，8、切割机，9、粉碎机。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的详细说明。
结合图1-2，石墨烯电极材料生产工艺，包括筛选后的低硫低钙高碳煤炭首先送干馏系统1干馏处理，而后干馏处理后的固体经热破碎机2破碎送变频电弧炉多级熔融分离系统3，而后熔融分离后固体送配料系统6，而后送入焙烧系统7，所述的配料系统6中加入石墨烯、电极辅料、炭黑和粘结剂后经混捏、压型之后加入冶金焦粒粉进行第一次焙烧，而后加浸渍剂浸渍后进行第二次焙烧，而后焙烧后的物质由保温料固定化后经切割机8切割出成品规格的石墨烯电极材料，边角料一部分经粉碎机9粉碎、过筛制取石墨烯纳米金刚石，一部分送配料系统6循环利用。
所述的干馏温度为550-900℃，干馏处理后液体送焦油罐5，作为石墨烯电极材料循环使用，以及制取航空油、石墨烯润滑油原料，干馏处理后气体净化处理后一部分制氢后用于制取航空油、石墨烯润滑油，另一部分作为焙烧燃料、尾气发电，所述的电弧炉多级熔融分离系统3的变频温度为1500-2900℃，清除固体物中的灰分氧化物，制取电石、多晶硅和铝合金，所述的石墨烯的质量份为0.1-5％，所述的炭黑包括乙炔炭黑和天然气炭黑，所述的乙炔炭黑由电石乙炔裂解器4分裂筛出，所述的天然气炭黑利用生物质和煤制取的天然气经高温裂解制取天然气炭黑，所述的天然气炭黑与石墨烯混合搅拌制成石墨烯纳米炭黑，天然气制炭黑产生的氢气供煤质天然气循环利用，所述的第一次焙烧、第二次焙烧均为无氧状态，第一次焙烧温度为1250-1500℃，第二次焙烧的温度为910-1050℃。
本发明在具体实施时，天然气制石墨烯电极材料生产工艺对于整体通过煤炭制石墨烯电极材料生产工艺相对独立，可以分开单独实施。
以上对本发明及其实施方式进行了描述，这种描述没有限制性，附图中所示的也只是本发明的实施方式之一，实际的结构并不局限于此。总而言之如果本领域的普通技术人员受其启示，在不脱离本发明创造宗旨的情况下，不经创造性的设计出与该技术方案相似的结构方式及实施例，均应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.石墨烯电极材料生产工艺，其特征在于：包括筛选后的低硫低钙高碳煤炭首先送干馏系统(1)干馏处理，而后干馏处理后的固体经热破碎机(2)破碎送变频电弧炉多级熔融分离系统(3)，而后熔融分离后固体送配料系统(6)，而后送入焙烧系统(7)，所述的配料系统(6)中加入石墨烯、电极辅料、炭黑和粘结剂后经混捏、压型之后加入冶金焦粒粉进行第一次焙烧，而后加浸渍剂浸渍后进行第二次焙烧，而后焙烧后的物质由保温料固定化后经切割机(8)切割出成品规格的石墨烯电极材料，边角料一部分经粉碎机(9)粉碎、过筛制取石墨烯纳米金刚石，一部分送配料系统(6)循环利用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的石墨烯电极材料生产工艺，其特征在于：所述的干馏温度为550-900℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的石墨烯电极材料生产工艺，其特征在于：干馏处理后液体送焦油罐(5)，作为石墨烯电极材料循环使用，以及制取航空油、石墨烯润滑油原料，干馏处理后气体净化处理后一部分制氢后用于制取航空油、石墨烯润滑油，另一部分作为焙烧燃料、尾气发电。
4.根据权利要求1所述的石墨烯电极材料生产工艺，其特征在于：所述的电弧炉多级熔融分离系统(3)的变频温度为1500-2900℃，清除固体物中的灰分氧化物，制取电石、多晶硅和铝合金。
5.根据权利要求1所述的石墨烯电极材料生产工艺，其特征在于：所述的石墨烯的质量份为0.1-5％。
6.根据权利要求1所述的石墨烯电极材料生产工艺，其特征在于：所述的炭黑包括乙炔炭黑和天然气炭黑，所述的乙炔炭黑由电石乙炔裂解器(4)分裂筛出，所述的天然气炭黑利用生物质和煤制取的天然气经高温裂解制取天然气炭黑，所述的天然气炭黑与石墨烯混合搅拌制成石墨烯纳米炭黑，天然气制炭黑产生的氢气供煤质天然气循环利用。
7.根据权利要求1所述的石墨烯电极材料生产工艺，其特征在于：所述的第一次焙烧、第二次焙烧均为无氧状态，第一次焙烧温度为1250-1500℃，第二次焙烧的温度为910-1050℃。
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