CN109280514A - 一种水可解离的粘合剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种水可解离的粘合剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109280514A
CN109280514A CN201810957197.6A CN201810957197A CN109280514A CN 109280514 A CN109280514 A CN 109280514A CN 201810957197 A CN201810957197 A CN 201810957197A CN 109280514 A CN109280514 A CN 109280514A
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许显成
陈善勇
巫柯
殷欣
李坤
余孝其
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Sichuan Yu Xixin Materials Ltd By Share Ltd
Sichuan University
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Sichuan University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种水可解离粘合剂及其制备方法。本发明的水可解离粘合剂由如下重量百分比的原料反应所得:含苯基硼酸的聚合单体5‑20%、反应性丙烯酸酯单体10‑40%、引发剂0.01‑1%、溶剂39‑85%。本发明粘合剂通过两个步骤制备:(1)由含苯基硼酸的聚合单体及反应性丙烯酸酯单体在溶剂中通过自由基聚合合成低分子量聚合物;(2)脱水,苯基硼酸交联,形成高分子量聚合物。本发明通过将苯基硼酸聚合单体与丙烯酸单体共聚制得低分子量聚合物,经过苯基硼酸脱水交联后,形成高分子量聚合物,具备粘接性能;需要解离时候,将粘合物件置于潮湿环境,或者直接加入水,从而解聚,达到解离的目的。

Description

一种水可解离的粘合剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于粘合剂技术领域,具体涉及一种水可解离的粘合剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
粘合剂广泛用于人们的日常生活及工业制造领域。随着科技的进步,新的事物及工艺的出现,对粘合剂的功能也不断提出新的要求。粘合剂通常是将两个或多个部件进行永久性固定,但有的时候只需要暂时性固定,需要轻易将原有固定的组件分开。目前胶粘剂的解离或可逆变化主要是通过温度控制来实现。中国专利CN103483605A公布了一种可逆环氧树脂,该树脂在100-150℃时通过逆Diels-Alder反应实现共价键的断裂,从而实现解离,降温至90℃以下时,通过Diels-Alder反应恢复共价键,实现粘合剂的交联。热解离通常需要较高温度,操作不便,而且某些物件不适宜于加热。因此有必要发展易于解离的粘合剂。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术的缺点和不足之处,本发明提供一种新型水解离粘合剂及其制备方法,本发明粘合剂粘结能力强,需要解离时,解离方便,易操作,不损坏粘结物件。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用的的技术方案是:
一种水可解离的粘合剂,由如下重量百分比的原料反应所得:
含苯基硼酸的聚合单体 5-20%
反应性丙烯酸酯单体 10-40%
引发剂 0.01-1%
溶剂 39-85%。
进一步地,所述含苯基硼酸的聚合单体选自丙烯酰胺基苯硼酸、甲基丙烯酰胺基苯硼酸的一种或两种混合物。
进一步地,所述反应性丙烯酸酯单体选自丙烯酸、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸异辛酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯的多种组合物。
进一步地,所述引发剂选自过氧化苯甲酰、偶氮二异丁腈、过硫酸铵中的任意一种,优选过氧化苯甲酰或偶氮二异丁腈。
进一步地,所述溶剂选自丙酮、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、甲苯中的一种或多种组合物,优选甲苯或乙酸丁酯。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种水可解离的粘合剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将含苯基硼酸的聚合单体,反应性丙烯酸酯单体,引发剂以及溶剂按比例加入到反应容器中,升温至50-80℃,待反应引发后,继续反应0.5-3 h;
(2)向上述所得的产物中加入淬灭剂后,升温至100-130℃脱水,溶剂通过分水器回到反应器中,当粘度或者分子量达到要求后,终止反应。
进一步地,步骤(2)所述脱水反应时间为2-5 h。
进一步地,所述淬灭剂为2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氮氧化物。
本发明工作原理:
苯基硼酸在水分含量较低时,三分子苯基硼酸可自发脱水,形成三苯基硼氧烷,在有水情况下,三苯基硼氧烷又可分解为苯基硼酸(式1)。本发明在线性高分子中引入苯基硼酸单体,在无水情况下,实现粘合剂的交联,起到粘接的作用;添加水,平衡向左移动,实现交联剂的解离。
与现有技术方案相比,本发明的制备方法及所得到的产物具有如下优点:
(1)本发明通过将苯基硼酸聚合单体与丙烯酸单体共聚制得低分子量聚合物,经过苯基硼酸脱水交联后,形成高分子量聚合物,具备粘接性能;需要解离时候,将粘合物件置于潮湿环境,或者直接加入水,从而解聚,达到解离的目的。
(2)本发明粘合剂粘结能力强,需要解离时,解离方便,易操作,不损坏粘结物件。
(3)本发明方法工艺简单,适合工业化生产。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的应用原理作进一步描述。
实施例1
一种水可解离的粘合剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将10g丙烯酰胺基苯硼酸,5 g 丙烯酸,15g 丙烯酸乙酯,15g 丙烯酸丁酯及5g 丙烯酸羟乙酯溶解于39g甲苯溶剂中,加入1g过氧化苯甲酰,升温至70℃,反应引发后,继续反应0.5 h;
(2)向上述所得体系中加入0.4 g 2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氮氧化物,安装分水装置,然后升温,达到甲苯回流温度,通过分水装置,水分逐渐被蒸馏出来,甲苯继续回到反应器中,反应从回流开始,3 h后结束分水。
实施例2
一种水可解离的粘合剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
将5 g丙烯酰胺基苯硼酸,10 g 丙烯酸,10 g 丙烯酸甲酯,10 g 丙烯酸丁酯及10 g丙烯酸异辛酯溶解于54 g丙酮溶剂中,加入1g偶氮二异丁腈,升温至70℃,反应引发后,继续反应0.5 h;
向上述所得体系中加入0.4 g 2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氮氧化物,安装分水装置,然后升温,达到丙酮回流温度,通过分水装置,水分逐渐被蒸馏出来,甲苯继续回到反应器中,反应从回流开始,3 h后结束分水。
实施例3
一种水可解离的粘合剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将20 g甲基丙烯酰胺基苯硼酸,5 g 丙烯酸,2 g甲基丙烯酸,2 g甲基丙烯酸甲酯及1 g 甲基丙烯酸乙酯溶解于69.99 g乙酸丁酯溶剂中,加入0.01 g过氧化苯甲酰,升温至70℃,反应引发后,继续反应1 h;
(2)向上述所得体系中加入0.4 g 2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氮氧化物,安装分水装置,然后升温,达到乙酸丁酯回流温度,通过分水装置,水分逐渐被蒸馏出来,甲苯继续回到反应器中,反应从回流开始,3 h后结束分水。
实施例4
一种水可解离的粘合剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将9 g丙烯酰胺基苯硼酸, 5 g 丙烯酸羟乙酯,3g甲基丙烯酸及2 g 甲基丙烯酸乙酯溶解于80 g乙酸乙酯溶剂中,加入1 g过硫酸铵,升温至70℃,反应引发后,继续反应1 h;
(2)向上述所得体系中加入0.4 g2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氮氧化物,安装分水装置,然后升温,达到乙酸乙酯回流温度,通过分水装置,水分逐渐被蒸馏出来,甲苯继续回到反应器中,反应从回流开始,3 h后结束分水。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明,不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下做出若干替代或明显变型,而且性能或用途相同,都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种水可解离的粘合剂,其特征在于,由如下重量百分比的原料反应所得:
含苯基硼酸的聚合单体 5-20%
反应性丙烯酸酯单体 10-40%
引发剂 0.01-1%
溶剂 39-85%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水可解离的粘合剂,其特征在于:所述含苯基硼酸的聚合单体选自丙烯酰胺基苯硼酸、甲基丙烯酰胺基苯硼酸的一种或两种混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的水可解离的粘合剂,其特征在于:所述反应性丙烯酸酯单体选自丙烯酸、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸异辛酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯中的多种组合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的水可解离的粘合剂,其特征在于:所述引发剂选自过氧化苯甲酰、偶氮二异丁腈、过硫酸铵中的任意一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的水可解离的粘合剂,其特征在于:所述溶剂选自丙酮、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、甲苯中的一种或多种组合物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的水可解离的粘合剂,其特征在于:所述溶剂选自甲苯或乙酸丁酯中的任意一种。
7.一种权利要求1所述的水可解离的粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
(1)将含苯基硼酸的聚合单体,反应性丙烯酸酯单体,引发剂以及溶剂按比例加入到反应容器中,升温至50-80℃,待反应引发后,继续反应0.5-3 h;
(2)向上述所得的产物中加入淬灭剂后,升温至100-130℃脱水,溶剂通过分水器回到反应器中,当粘度或者分子量达到要求后,终止反应。
8.根据权利要求7所述的水可解离的粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)所述脱水反应时间为2-5 h。
9.根据权利要求7所述的水可解离的粘合剂的制备方法 ,其特征在于:所述淬灭剂为2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氮氧化物。
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