CN109272846A - The total station instrument coordinate measurement method of total station instrument coordinate MEASUREMENT TEACHING model - Google Patents

The total station instrument coordinate measurement method of total station instrument coordinate MEASUREMENT TEACHING model Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109272846A
CN109272846A CN201811252738.1A CN201811252738A CN109272846A CN 109272846 A CN109272846 A CN 109272846A CN 201811252738 A CN201811252738 A CN 201811252738A CN 109272846 A CN109272846 A CN 109272846A
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point
total station
model
brace
bar
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CN109272846B (en
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王旭华
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Dalian University
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Dalian University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B25/00Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes

Abstract

This divisional application is related to a kind of total station instrument coordinate measurement method of total station instrument coordinate MEASUREMENT TEACHING model, β is the grid azimuth of unknown tested point C, tested point C coordinate is measured according to known survey station point A coordinate, whole tested point coordinates, data acquisition are obtained with this;Total station model is placed at a survey station point A, it represents and sets up total station completion, control point model is placed at backsight point B, represent the setting for completing backsight point, pass through the use of total station instrument coordinate MEASUREMENT TEACHING model, it is explained in conjunction with the signal of teacher, student can be made to understand the basic process and related work of total station instrument coordinate measurement, greatly promotion teaching efficiency vividly.

Description

The total station instrument coordinate measurement method of total station instrument coordinate MEASUREMENT TEACHING model
The application is application number 2017100250621, applying date 2017-01-13, denomination of invention " total station instrument coordinate measurement The divisional application of teaching mode and measurement method ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of teaching tool more particularly to a kind of teaching modes.
Background technique
The main process of total station instrument coordinate measurement is data acquisition and setting-out, and data acquisition is determine tested point specific Coordinate, setting-out are to give a specific coordinate, find the specific location of this coordinate in actual landform.In measurement of coordinates, number It is related to the set content of survey station point and backsight point and the measurement process of tested point according to acquisition.Setting-out removes survey station point and backsight point Setting outside, also position a little is found out in actual landform according to coordinate data, the simple oral explanation for depending on teacher, student can not The basic process and related work of total station instrument coordinate measurement are understood vividly, such as: backsight point setting, what tested point was measured The survey of principle process, building is set.
Summary of the invention
To solve defect of the existing technology, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of total station instrument coordinate MEASUREMENT TEACHING moulds Type is divided into two models, and one is control point model, another is total station model, and the two combination is improved by demonstration Teaching efficiency.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of total station instrument coordinate MEASUREMENT TEACHING model, including control point model and total station model;
The control point model includes first base, the first straight-bar and label cloth, the bottom and first of first straight-bar Pedestal is fixedly connected, and label cloth is socketed in the top of the first straight-bar;
The total station model, including second base, the second straight-bar, dial disc, lock ring ring and loop bar, described second is straight The bottom of bar is fixedly connected with second base;The top of second straight-bar is threaded post of the diameter less than the second straight-bar ontology, loop bar Lower part there is the threaded hole cooperated with the threaded post of second straight-bar, the dial disc of disc-shaped covers the spiral shell in the second straight-bar On line column, the threaded post of the second straight-bar is screwed in the threaded hole of the loop bar and screwed, dial disc is fastened on second In the threaded post on the second straight-bar top between straight-bar and loop bar;Lock ring hoop connects on the periphery in loop bar portion on the lower side, and lock ring Ring is located at the top of dial disc.
The lock ring ring includes ring body, brace and cross bar, and cross bar is an integral structure with ring body, the side of ring body There are two the symmetrical threaded hole that may pass through bolt for fastening ring body, the brace is by one end for adjusting brace The idler wheel of tilt angle is movably connected in the other side of ring body.
Further, one end of brace is fixed with idler wheel, slots on the side of ring body, and idler wheel is placed on groove body In, and idler wheel is clamped by the two sidewalls of slot, two sidewalls and idler wheel have the coaxial through hole passed through for axis, which is stretching out two sides Part outside wall is with screw thread to form thread spindle, and screwing bolts make idler wheel to fasten the distances of two sidewalls on thread spindle It is fixedly clamped by two sidewalls.
Further, one end of brace is fixed with idler wheel, and idler wheel is the magnet of wheel shape, changes magnet and lock ring ring Contact angle adjusts the tilt angle of brace.
Further, the bolt is fixed in threaded hole by ears nut (6.2).
Further, the screw thread of second straight-bar lower part is connected with threaded hole screw thread at second base center, and described The screw thread of one straight-bar lower part is connected with threaded hole screw thread at first base center, and the first straight-bar and the second straight-bar are cylindrical type Telescopic rod.
Further, the dial disc has uniform scale mark (7.1), and at " 0 " scale of the scale mark Have label " X ", there is label " Y " at " 90 " scale, the center point of dial disc has threaded hole, matches with the screw thread on the second straight-bar top It closing to be fixedly connected, the upper marker " Z " of the loop bar, the brace and cross bar shaft have label " SD " and " HD " respectively, and It is cylinder telescopic rod.
Further, the first base and second base are disk, and the center point of disk is provided with threaded hole, the first bottom The threaded hole of seat is threadedly coupled with screwed first straight-bar, the threaded hole of second base and screwed second straight-bar spiral shell Line connection.
A kind of total station instrument coordinate measurement method using any above-mentioned total station instrument coordinate MEASUREMENT TEACHING model, steps are as follows: Data acquisition and setting-out.
Further, the method for the data acquisition is as follows: total station model is placed at a survey station point A, is represented and is set up entirely Instrument of standing is completed, and control point model is placed at backsight point B, the setting for completing backsight point is represented, slightly release loop bar, rotates lock ring Ring, so that plane and backsight point B where brace and cross bar are substantially in the same plane, the fixed lock ring of twisting ears nut (6.2) The ring body of ring, then swings brace, and brace is allowed to be directed at the label cloth of backsight point B, and rotation loop bar is fixed again, represents whole station Instrument is directed at backsight point B to carry out the orientation of backsight point, and total station is made to find the coordinate system north to representative establishes coordinate system;With After repeat the above steps, total station is directed at unknown tested point C, at this time brace represent total station to tested point C oblique distance SD, Cross bar represents total station to the flat away from HD of tested point C, and the angle of brace and cross bar is α;
Geometrical relationship is SD × cos α=HD;
The angle of " 0 " scale mark is β on cross bar and dial disc, and β is the grid azimuth of unknown tested point C, according to Known survey station point A (XA, YA, ZA) coordinate measures tested point C (XC, YC, ZC) coordinate, geometrical relationship is
XC=XA+HD×cosβ
YC=YA+HD×sinβ
ZC=ZA+SD×sinα
Whole tested point coordinates, data acquisition are obtained with this.
Further, the setting-out, total station model are placed at a survey station point A, are represented and are set up total station completion, will control Point model is placed at backsight point B, represents the setting for completing backsight point, after being oriented to backsight point, mobile control point coordinates Then model rotates the ring body of lock ring ring, swing brace and be allowed to alignment control point model, twisting ears nut (6.2) is fixed Lock ring ring, rotation loop bar are fixed again, and oblique distance SD, the cross bar represented by brace at this time represents flat away from HD and cross bar The angle α between the angle β between X-axis, cross bar and brace represented with " 0 " scale marked on clock dial, obtains and controls at present System point coordinate (XC', YC', ZC'), geometrical relationship are as follows:
XC'=XA+HD×cosβ
YC'=YA+HD×sinβ
ZC'=ZA+SD×sinα
According to given known point coordinate pair than the coordinate values that differ,
Δ X=XC-XC
Δ Y=YC-YC
Δ Z=ZC-ZC
Purposive mobile control point model is carried out again, is repeated the above steps, until coordinate pair is than difference value, Δ X, Δ Y, Δ Z is 0, and model position in control point is specific location of the known point coordinate in actual landform, other layout points at this time It is similarly found out with above-mentioned steps, completes setting-out.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: passing through the use of total station instrument coordinate MEASUREMENT TEACHING model, said in conjunction with the signal of teacher Solution can make student understand the basic process and related work of total station instrument coordinate measurement vividly, greatly promote teaching Effect.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention shares 9 width of attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the main view using present invention control point model;
Fig. 2 is the top view of present invention control point model;
Fig. 3 is the main view of total station model of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the top view of total station model of the present invention
Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged view of total station model of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the enlarged partial isometric view of total station model of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the perspective view of present invention control point model;
Fig. 8 is the perspective view of total station model of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a kind of brace tilt angle adjustment structure.
Appended drawing reference is as follows in figure: 1, the first straight-bar, 2, first base, and 3, label cloth, 4, second base, 5, second is straight Bar, 6, lock ring ring, 6.1, bolt, 6.2, ears nut, 6.3, movable pulley, 7, dial disc, 7.1, scale mark, 8, loop bar, 9, brace, 10, cross bar.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described by 1-9 with reference to the accompanying drawing:
The technical scheme is that total station instrument coordinate MEASUREMENT TEACHING model, is broadly divided into two parts.A part is control Point model is used as backsight point and tested point;The control point model include: the first straight-bar 1 with first base 2 by nut with The mode of bolt is connected, and 3 sets of cloth of label is on straight-bar 2.Another part is total station model, the total station model, including the Two pedestals 4, the second straight-bar 5,7 lock ring ring 6 of dial disc and loop bar 8, the bottom of second straight-bar 5 and second base 4 are fixed Connection;
The top of second straight-bar 5 is threaded post of the diameter less than the second straight-bar ontology, and the lower part of loop bar has and described the The threaded hole of the threaded post cooperation of two straight-bars, 7 sets of dial disc of disc-shaped are straight by second in the threaded post of the second straight-bar 5 The threaded post of bar 5 is screwed in the threaded hole of the loop bar and is screwed, by dial disc 7 be fastened on the second straight-bar 5 and loop bar 8 it Between 5 top of the second straight-bar threaded post on;The hoop of lock ring ring 6 connects on the periphery in the portion on the lower side of loop bar 8, and lock ring ring 6 is located at quarter Spend the top of disk 7.I.e. with the mode of the threaded hole screw thread column of loop bar, the dial disc 7 covered in threaded post is fastened Between the second straight-bar ontology and loop bar;The lock ring ring 6 includes ring body, brace 9 and cross bar 10, and cross bar 10 is with ring body Integral structure is fixedly connected, and there are two may pass through the symmetrical of bolt 6.1 for fasten ring body for the side of ring body Threaded hole, the brace 9 are movably connected in the another of ring body by the idler wheel for adjusting 9 tilt angle of brace of one end Side has brace tilt angle adjustment structure that is, in the ring body, in one embodiment, which is: referring to Fig. 9, One end of brace 9 is fixed with idler wheel, slots on the side of ring body, idler wheel is placed in groove body, and by the two sidewalls of slot Idler wheel is clamped, two sidewalls and idler wheel have the coaxial through hole passed through for axis, which has in the part stretched out outside two sidewalls Screw thread is to form thread spindle, and screwing bolts make idler wheel be fixedly clamped by two sidewalls on thread spindle to fasten the distances of two sidewalls; After bolt unscrews, idler wheel is the state that can be rotated, and adjusts brace angle.
The first base 2 and second base 4 are disc structures, with a thickness of 20mm, diameter 100mm, spiral bore dia 8mm, the center point have threaded hole.
The dial disc 7 is with a thickness of 2mm, diameter 120mm, the disk of screw thread bore dia 6mm, thereon with uniformly quarter Scale designation (7.1), and have label " X " at " 0 " scale, there is label " Y " at " 90 " scale, the center point of dial disc 7 has screw thread Hole, for being socketed in the screwed top of the second straight-bar 5.
The threaded place in second straight-bar, 5 lower part is connected with 4 the center point threaded hole of second base, 1 lower bands of the first straight-bar It is connected at screw thread with 2 the center point threaded hole of first base, and two bars are cylinder telescopic rod.The height of second straight-bar 5 200mm is respectively 12mm and 10mm by diameter, highly forms telescopic rod for two bars of 100mm.Its underpart has a length of 16mm, diameter are that the threaded post of 8mm can be connected with 4 threaded hole of second base.A length of 30mm is arranged at the top of the second straight-bar, and diameter is The threaded post of 6mm is connected with the lock ring ring 6, dial disc 7 and loop bar 8.
The a length of 100mm of the loop bar 8, diameter 10mm, lower thread bore dia 6mm cover on lock ring ring 6 in straight-bar 5 At the screw thread of top, fixed lock ring ring 6 and dial disc 7.And label " Z " is arranged at 8 top of loop bar.
The brace 9 and 10 shaft of cross bar have label " SD " and " HD " respectively, and are cylinder telescopic rod.Its length point Not Wei 160mm and 100mm, diameter is all 6mm.
The movable pulley 6.3 is welded on coupling part and is integral with lock ring ring 6.
In one embodiment, in order to adjust the tilt angle of brace, using another kind to brace angle adjustment mechanism, i.e., Idler wheel is arranged to the magnet of wheel shape, changes the contact angle of magnet and lock ring ring, to adjust the tilt angle of brace Referring to Fig. 6.
Straight-bar and dial disc material above is rigidity and the preferable mild steel of toughness.
In one embodiment, the control point model of the total station instrument coordinate MEASUREMENT TEACHING model is by first base 1, first Straight-bar 2 and label cloth 3 are mutually assembled, and are used as backsight point and tested point, which can be multiple and the first straight-bar 2 For telescopic rod, mark on cloth Reference character " A ", " B ", " C " etc. to indicate backsight point and different tested points.Total station model It is connected by second base 4 with 5 lower part of straight-bar, the second straight-bar 5 is telescopic rod, and upper part successively installs dial disc from the bottom to top 7, lock ring ring 6 and loop bar 8.7 the center point of dial disc has threaded hole to be penetrated through by 5 top of the second straight-bar.8 lower thread hole of loop bar set Play fixed dial disc 7 on the second straight-bar 5.Scale mark 7.1 on dial disc 7 represents degree, wherein for It is also respectively provided with label " X ", " Y " at the scale mark of " 0 ", " 90 ", respectively represents X-axis and Y in the earth coordinates of foundation Axis, loop bar 8 represent the Z axis of earth coordinates.The cross bar 10 being integrated with lock ring ring 6, which represents, puts down away from HD, represents brace 9 i.e. tiltedly Projection away from SD.Lock ring ring 6 can rotate before loop bar 8 is fixed around 5 top of straight-bar, and brace 9 is connected with movable pulley 6.3, and can be around Movable pulley 6.3 is swung up and down.
Dismountable total station model is installed, is placed at a survey station point A, represents and sets up total station completion.It will be removable It unloads control point model to install and be placed on backsight point B at, represents the setting of completion backsight point.Loop bar 8 is slightly unclamped later, rotates lock ring Ring 6, so that brace 9 and 10 place plane of cross bar and backsight point B are substantially in the same plane, twisting ears nut 6.2 is fixed tight Then garter spring 6 swings brace 9, brace alignment backsight point B is allowed to mark cloth 3, and rotation loop bar 8 is fixed again, represents total station pair Quasi- backsight point B, this purpose are to carry out the orientation of backsight point, and total station is made to find the coordinate system north to representative establishes coordinate system. Then repeat the above steps, total station be directed at unknown tested point C, at this time brace 9 represent total station to tested point C oblique distance SD, cross bar 10 represent total station to the flat away from HD of tested point C, and brace 9 and the angle of cross bar 10 are α;
Geometrical relationship is SD × cos α=HD;
The angle of " 0 " scale mark is β on cross bar 10 and dial disc 7, and β is the grid azimuth of unknown tested point C, root According to known survey station point A (XA, YA, ZA) coordinate measures tested point C (XC, YC, ZC) coordinate, geometrical relationship is
XC=XA+HD×cosβ
YC=YA+HD×sinβ
ZC=ZA+SD×sinα
Whole tested point coordinates, data acquisition are obtained with this.
Same data acquisition is arranged in the survey station point and backsight point of setting-out process, after being oriented to backsight point, there is mesh Mobile control point coordinates model, then rotate lock ring ring 6, swing brace 9 and be allowed to be aligned control point coordinates model, twisting is double The fixed lock ring ring 6 of ear snail mother 6.2, rotation loop bar 8 are fixed again, and oblique distance SD, the cross bar 10 represented by brace 9 at this time represents The flat X-axis represented away from " 0 " scale marked on HD and cross bar 10 and clock dial 7 between angle β and cross bar 10 with it is oblique Angle α between bar 9 obtains current control point coordinates (XC', YC', ZC'), geometrical relationship are as follows:
XC'=XA+HD×cosβ
YC'=YA+HD×sinβ
ZC'=ZA+SD×sinα
According to given known point coordinate pair than the coordinate values that differ,
Δ X=XC-XC
Δ Y=YC-YC
Δ Z=ZC-ZC
Purposive mobile control point model is carried out again, is repeated the above steps, until coordinate pair is than difference value, Δ X, Δ Y, Δ Z is 0, and model position in control point is specific location of the known point coordinate in actual landform, other layout points at this time It is similarly found out with above-mentioned steps, completes setting-out.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications can also be made Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of total station instrument coordinate measurement method of total station instrument coordinate MEASUREMENT TEACHING model, which is characterized in that total station model is put It at a survey station point A, represents and sets up total station completion, control point model is placed at backsight point B, represents and completes setting for backsight point It sets, slightly release loop bar (8), rotates lock ring ring (6), so that plane is with backsight point B substantially same where brace (9) and cross bar (10) In one plane, the ring body of the fixed lock ring ring of twisting ears nut (6.2) then swings brace (9), brace is allowed to be directed at backsight point The label cloth (3) of B, rotation loop bar (8) are fixed again, are represented total station alignment backsight point B to carry out the orientation of backsight point, are made Total station finds the coordinate system north to representative establishes coordinate system;It then repeats the above steps, total station is aligned unknown to be measured Point C, brace (9) represents total station to the oblique distance SD of tested point C at this time, and cross bar (10) represents total station to tested point C's It puts down away from HD, brace (9) and the angle of cross bar (10) are α;Cross bar (10) and the angle of " 0 " scale mark on dial disc (7) are β, β are the grid azimuth of unknown tested point C, according to known survey station point A (XA, YA, ZA) coordinate measures tested point C (XC, YC, ZC) coordinate, whole tested point coordinates, data acquisition are obtained with this;
Total station model is placed at a survey station point A, is represented and is set up total station completion, control point model is placed at backsight point B, generation Table completes the setting of backsight point, and after being oriented to backsight point, then mobile control point coordinates model rotates lock ring ring (6) Ring body, swing brace (9) and be allowed to alignment control point model, twisting ears nut (6.2) is fixed lock ring ring (6), rotary sleeve Bar (8) is fixed again, and oblique distance SD, the cross bar (10) represented by brace (9) at this time represents flat away from HD and cross bar (10) The angle between the angle β between X-axis, cross bar (10) and brace (9) represented with " 0 " scale marked on clock dial (7) α obtains current control point coordinates (XC', YC', ZC'), it, than the coordinate values that differ, then is carried out according to given known point coordinate pair Purposive mobile control point model, repeats the above steps, and is 0 until coordinate pair ratio differs value, Δ X, Δ Y, Δ Z, this time control Point model position processed is specific location of the known point coordinate in actual landform, other layout points are similarly looked for above-mentioned steps Out, setting-out is completed.
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CN201811252738.1A Active CN109272846B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 Total station coordinate measurement method of total station coordinate measurement teaching model
CN201811252742.8A Active CN109300383B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 Total station coordinate measuring method
CN201811250256.2A Active CN109102750B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 Total station coordinate measurement data acquisition method
CN201711358213.1A Active CN107886827B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 A kind of total station model of total station instrument coordinate MEASUREMENT TEACHING model
CN201811250301.4A Active CN109300381B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 Lofting method for coordinate measurement of total station
CN201811252725.4A Active CN109300382B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 Total powerstation coordinate measurement teaching model down tube angle regulation structure has
CN201811250286.3A Active CN109300380B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 Total station coordinate measurement teaching model with tight hoop
CN201710025062.1A Active CN106652725B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 Total station instrument coordinate MEASUREMENT TEACHING model and measurement method
CN201811250239.9A Active CN109215466B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 Total station coordinate measurement teaching model with control point model
CN201811252717.XA Active CN109064868B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 Total station coordinate measurement teaching model with down tube inclination angle adjusting structure

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CN201811252742.8A Active CN109300383B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 Total station coordinate measuring method
CN201811250256.2A Active CN109102750B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 Total station coordinate measurement data acquisition method
CN201711358213.1A Active CN107886827B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 A kind of total station model of total station instrument coordinate MEASUREMENT TEACHING model
CN201811250301.4A Active CN109300381B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 Lofting method for coordinate measurement of total station
CN201811252725.4A Active CN109300382B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 Total powerstation coordinate measurement teaching model down tube angle regulation structure has
CN201811250286.3A Active CN109300380B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 Total station coordinate measurement teaching model with tight hoop
CN201710025062.1A Active CN106652725B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 Total station instrument coordinate MEASUREMENT TEACHING model and measurement method
CN201811250239.9A Active CN109215466B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 Total station coordinate measurement teaching model with control point model
CN201811252717.XA Active CN109064868B (en) 2017-01-13 2017-01-13 Total station coordinate measurement teaching model with down tube inclination angle adjusting structure

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