CN103487012A - Forest fire element determination method based on hand-held total station (forest measuring gun) - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a forest fire element determination method based on a hand-held total station (forest measuring gun). The method provided in the invention makes use of the angle and distance measurement functions of the hand-held total station (forest measuring gun) to determine the included angles, azimuthal angles and distances between observation points, a forest fire occurrence point and a spread edge point on the basis of not reaching an exact forest fire point, thereby calculating three-dimensional coordinates of the forest fire inflammation point and the spread edge point, the spread distance and the average spread speed. The method solves the problems that original forest fire observation cannot realize on-site real-time observation and the use of a high resolution image has a high cost, and simultaneously improves the work efficiency and accuracy.

Description

A kind of forest fires key element assay method based on hand-held total powerstation (assize rifle)

One, technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of forest fires key element assay method based on hand-held total powerstation (assize rifle), particularly based on hand-held total powerstation (assize rifle) forest fires key element assay method.

Two, technical background

Up to the present, mensuration to the forest fire correlation factor still is faced with the phenomenon of Accurate Determining on the spot, although airborne remote sensing and Moderate-High Spatial Resolution Remote Sensing Image are surveyed and are generally adopted at forest fire point, and reach a certain height, and still have some problems:

1. the every factor of Traditional Man observation forest fire can't arrive kindling point and observed in the fire generating process, has missed best observation time, and accuracy declines to a great extent.

2. utilize remote sensing, by the high score image, the forest fires key element is analyzed that the process of measuring has increased the error of sensor own and the visual interpretation error is finally calculated the error of result to key element.

3. by existing means, the reckoning of forest fires key element has been increased to time delay, precision decreases, and can not meet the requirement of Real-Time Monitoring.

Therefore, in the forest fire monitoring process, original method can't realize that real-time on-site accurately monitors, and by the high score eikonometry, has increased again reckon error.The hand-held total powerstation that the present invention is convenient for carrying by utilization (assize rifle), set observation station near the forest fires spot, calculate forest fires origination point coordinate, spread distance and three key elements of rate of propagation by the forward intersection principle, on the basis of original forest fires key element assay method, improved real-time and progress.

Three, summary of the invention

Long for overcoming the classic method data acquisition cycle, efficiency is low, the shortcoming of low precision, raise the efficiency and precision, the shortening cycle, realize accurately measuring of the every key element of forest fire, the invention provides a kind of forest fires key element method based on hand-held total powerstation (assize rifle), its principal character is: at first, set observation station A near the forest fire kindling point, but set auxiliary sighting point B at another point of intervisibility simultaneously, obtain the observation station three-dimensional coordinate by differential GPS, utilize hand-held total powerstation (assize rifle) at A point observation B point, obtain angle, position angle and air line distance, utilize Triangle Principle

obtain the three-dimensional coordinate of auxiliary sighting point B, secondly, on this basis, utilize hand-held total powerstation (assize rifle) observation kindling point C at A point and B point respectively ₁and the T marginal point C that after the time, forest fire appealing arrives ₂, obtain each position angle, angle and distance, utilize the forward intersection principle, calculate the forest fires kindling point and spread marginal point three-dimensional coordinate, forest fire appealing distance and average velocity.

This invention has the following advantages compared with the conventional method:

1. realize the reckoning analysis in real time on the spot that forest fire point is surveyed, improved the accuracy that fiery point is surveyed, avoid the expensive expense of high score image capturing simultaneously.

2. for current forest fire measuring equipment, fall behind, measuring accuracy is not high, the problems such as inefficiency, the problem of utilizing hand-held total powerstation (assize rifle) to avoid scene of fire to arrive, realize that portable, easy-to-use, efficient, the accurate formula of forest fire factor investigation is measured.

Four, accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is that instrument is laid schematic diagram

Fig. 2 is forest fires kindling point Observation principle schematic diagram

Fig. 3 is forest fire appealing marginal point Observation principle schematic diagram

Five, embodiment:

Forest fires key element assay method based on hand-held total powerstation (assize rifle) is different from original forest fires key element acquisition methods, and embodiment is:

1. instrument is laid: near kindling point, research station A is set up in comparatively open place, utilizes differential GPS to observe this point coordinate (X _a, Y _a, Z _a), and set up research station B at it than perigee.Survey the angle theta of A and B point-to-point transmission at the A point by hand-held total powerstation (assize rifle) and apart from S _aB, position angle

by Triangle Principle, obtain B point three-dimensional coordinate and be:

At A point and B point respectively to kindling point C ₁, obtain position angle

and AC ₁and angle α and BC between AB ₁and the angle β between AB.Suppose AC ₁with BC ₁between angle be γ, γ=180 °-(alpha+beta) so, so $\frac{S_{\mathrm{AB}}}{\sin \mathrm{\γ}}=\frac{{\mathrm{AC}}_1}{\sin \mathrm{\β}}=\frac{{\mathrm{BC}}_1}{\sin \mathrm{\α}}$ ? ${\mathrm{AC}}_1=\frac{S_{\mathrm{AB}}\·\sin \mathrm{\β}}{\sin (\mathrm{\α}+\mathrm{\β})},$

Obtain thus

$Z_{C_1}=\frac{S_{\mathrm{AB}}\·\sin \mathrm{\β}\·\sin \mathrm{\α}}{\sin (\mathrm{\α}+\mathrm{\β})}+Z_A$

Determine that forest fires kindling point flame height is Z _c1,simultaneously, by the forward intersection principle, reckoning obtains

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{X}_{C_1}=\frac{X_A\·\tan \mathrm{\α}+X_B\·\tan \mathrm{\β}(Y_B-Y_A)\·\tan \mathrm{\α}\·\tan \mathrm{\β}}{\tan \mathrm{\α}+\tan }\\ Y_{C_1}=\frac{Y_A\·\tan \mathrm{\α}{Y}_B\·\tan \mathrm{\β}-(X_B-X_A)\·\tan \mathrm{\α}\·\tan \mathrm{\β}}{\tan \mathrm{\α}+\tan \mathrm{\β}}\end{array}\right.$

Comprehensive appeal, can obtain kindling point C ₁three-dimensional coordinate be:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{X}_{C_1}=\frac{X_A\·\tan \mathrm{\α}+X_B\·\tan \mathrm{\β}-(Y_B-Y_A)\·\tan \mathrm{\α}\·\tan \mathrm{\β}}{\tan \mathrm{\α}+\tan \mathrm{\β}}\\ Y_{C_1}=\frac{Y_A\·\tan \mathrm{\α}+Y_B\·\tan \mathrm{\β}-(X_B-X_A)\·\tan \mathrm{\α}\·\tan \mathrm{\β}}{\tan \mathrm{\α}+\tan \mathrm{\β}}\\ Z_{C_1}=\frac{S_{\mathrm{AB}}\·\sin \mathrm{\β}\·\sin \mathrm{\α}}{\sin (\mathrm{\α}+\mathrm{\β})}+Z_A\end{array}\right.$

3. pass through T after the time, the marginal point C that forest fire appealing arrives ₂, at A point and B point to C ₂point is observed, and the same method according to the above, can obtain C ₂the coordinate of point:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{X}_{C_2}=\frac{X_A\·\tan \mathrm{\α}\′+X_B\·\tan \mathrm{\β}\′-(Y_B-Y_A)\·\tan \mathrm{\α}\′\·\tan \mathrm{\β}\′}{\tan \mathrm{\α}\′+\tan \mathrm{\β}\′}\\ Y_{C_2}=\frac{Y_A\·\tan \mathrm{\α}\′+Y_B\·\tan \mathrm{\β}\′-(X_B-X_A)\·\tan \mathrm{\α}\′\·\tan \mathrm{\β}\′}{\tan \mathrm{\α}\′+\tan \mathrm{\β}\′}\\ Z_{C_2}=\frac{S_{\mathrm{AB}}\·\sin \mathrm{\β}\′\·\sin \mathrm{\α}\′}{\sin (\mathrm{\α}\′+\mathrm{\β}\′)}+Z_A\end{array}\right.$

4. forest fire appealing distance and rate of propagation are determined: obtaining C ₁and C ₂after point coordinate, can calculate distance between two points

according to the speed range formula, calculate the average rate of propagation of forest fires simultaneously:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{S}_{C_1{C}_2}=\sqrt{{(X_{C_2}-X_{C_1})}^2+{(Y_{C_2}-Y_{C_1})}^2+{(Z_{C_2}-Z_{C_1})}^2}\\ V=\frac{S_{C_1{C}_2}}{T}\end{array}\right.$

Claims (1)

1. the forest fires key element assay method of an electronics based on hand-held total powerstation (assize rifle), it is characterized in that: after by differential GPS, obtaining the research station point coordinate, utilize the hand-held total powerstation of independent research, it is electronics assize rifle, kindling point and forest fire appealing marginal point to forest fire are observed, obtain thus fire point planimetric coordinates, three-dimensional coordinate, spread distance and rate of propagation is measured, key step is as follows:

1) set observation station A near the forest fire kindling point, but set auxiliary sighting point B at another point of intervisibility simultaneously, obtain the observation station three-dimensional coordinate by differential GPS, utilize hand-held total powerstation (assize rifle) at A point observation B point, obtain angle, position angle and air line distance, utilize Triangle Principle to obtain the three-dimensional coordinate of auxiliary sighting point B;

2) utilize hand-held total powerstation (assize rifle) observation kindling point C at A point and B point respectively ₁and the T marginal point C that after the time, forest fire appealing arrives ₂, obtain each position angle, angle and distance, utilize the forward intersection principle, calculate the forest fires kindling point and spread marginal point three-dimensional coordinate, forest fire appealing distance and average velocity.

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