CN109258129B

CN109258129B - Threshing device of combine harvester

Info

Publication number: CN109258129B
Application number: CN201811297794.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 楼锡银
Original assignee: Huzhou Vocational and Technical College
Current assignee: Huzhou Vocational and Technical College
Priority date: 2018-11-02
Filing date: 2018-11-02
Publication date: 2020-03-27
Anticipated expiration: 2038-11-02
Also published as: CN109258129A

Abstract

The invention discloses a threshing device of a combine harvester, which comprises a threshing cylinder and a sieve plate matched with the threshing cylinder, wherein the threshing cylinder comprises a cylinder wall, a plurality of rows of threshing columns uniformly arranged along the circumference of the cylinder wall, and a first spring connected with the adjacent threshing columns; the threshing column comprises a static column fixedly arranged on the cylinder wall, and a movable column axially hinged to the cylinder wall; the movable column comprises a first wall outer part positioned on the outer side of the cylinder wall and a first wall inner part positioned on the inner side of the cylinder wall, and the static column comprises a second wall outer part positioned on the outer side of the cylinder wall and a second wall inner part positioned on the inner side of the cylinder wall; the first wall exterior protrusion has a greater height than the second wall exterior; the first wall interior is spaced apart from the second wall interior, and is connected to the second wall interior located adjacent upstream in the rotational direction by the first spring. The invention has good threshing effect, is not easy to block and damage the threshing device.

Description

Threshing device of combine harvester

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of harvesters, and particularly provides a threshing device of a combine harvester.

Background

Threshing is one of the important working steps of a combine harvester, after crops enter a threshing mechanism, the crops are extruded and kneaded between a threshing cylinder and a sieve plate to realize threshing, the fallen seeds enter a storage chamber through the sieve plate, and the ears and stalks (namely the branches and stems left after the crops are threshed) are discharged under the rotation action of the threshing cylinder. In order to reduce the damage and breakage of seeds during threshing, patent application No. 201210452737.8 discloses a rice and wheat ear peeling structure for a harvester, which is provided with a rubber or silica gel coating tightly wrapped on the outer circumferential surface of a drum. However, when the threshing mechanism works at high strength, the rubber or silica gel coating is easily worn, which affects the threshing effect and the service life, and once the threshing cylinder and the sieve plate are blocked, the threshing mechanism and a driving device for driving the threshing cylinder to rotate can be seriously damaged.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical purpose

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a threshing device of a combine harvester, which has good threshing effect and is not easy to damage.

(II) technical scheme

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a threshing device of a combine harvester comprises a threshing cylinder and a sieve plate matched with the threshing cylinder, wherein the threshing cylinder comprises a cylinder wall, a plurality of rows of threshing columns uniformly arranged along the circumference of the cylinder wall, and a first spring connected with the adjacent threshing columns; the threshing column comprises a static column fixedly arranged on the cylinder wall, and a movable column axially hinged to the cylinder wall, the movable column is positioned at the upstream of the rotating direction, and the static column is positioned at the downstream of the rotating direction; the movable column comprises a first wall outer part positioned on the outer side of the cylinder wall and a first wall inner part positioned on the inner side of the cylinder wall, and the static column comprises a second wall outer part positioned on the outer side of the cylinder wall and a second wall inner part positioned on the inner side of the cylinder wall; the first wall exterior protrusion has a greater height than the second wall exterior; the first wall interior is separated from the second wall interior, and is connected with the adjacent second wall interior positioned at the upstream of the rotation direction by the first spring; and a feedback mechanism for feeding back the extrusion condition of the first wall interior to the second wall interior is arranged in the second wall interior.

Preferably, the feedback mechanism comprises a hydraulic tank filled with grease, a first plug with one end arranged in the hydraulic tank and the other end protruding out of the inner surface of the second wall and facing upstream, a second plug with one end arranged in the hydraulic tank and the other end located outside the hydraulic tank, and a travel switch arranged opposite to the second plug.

Preferably, the second plug comprises a column base inserted into the hydraulic tank and a column cover arranged on the top of the column base, and the column cover faces to the shaft of the threshing cylinder; the hydraulic tank is provided with a convex block protruding towards the column cover; the lug and the column cover are provided with matched grooves; the end of the first spring located inside the second wall comprises a wire rope passing through the groove, the wire rope comprising an expansion.

Preferably, the feedback mechanism further comprises a rotatable wire collecting wheel for winding the steel wire rope.

Preferably, the movable column is perpendicular to the cylinder wall.

Preferably, the first wall outer portion is in contact with the second wall outer portion.

Preferably, the first wall outer part and the second wall outer part are provided with matched plug-in parts.

Preferably, the threshing cylinder further comprises an air inlet pipe coaxially and fixedly arranged in the cylinder body and used for inputting external air into the threshing cylinder, and the air inlet pipe is provided with an air outlet facing the sieve plate; and an air vent is arranged on the cylinder wall between the movable column and the static column.

Preferably, the air outlets are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the cylinder wall.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention realizes dynamic and static combined step threshing by the movable column and the static column, has good threshing effect, is not easy to block and damage the threshing device; through the arrangement of the feedback mechanism, the space between the threshing cylinder and the sieve plate can be released to the maximum extent under the extreme condition that serious blockage is about to occur, the blockage is prevented from occurring, an alarm is generated, and the damage to the threshing device is avoided or reduced; the material is impacted by the gas, so that the threshing work is ensured and promoted.

Drawings

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and embodiments:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the interior of the second wall and the feedback mechanism of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of region B-B of the feedback mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-threshing cylinder, 11-cylinder wall, 111-air vent, 12-threshing cylinder, 121-static cylinder, 1211-outside of second wall, 1212-inside of second wall, 122-movable cylinder, 1221-outside of first wall, 1222-outside of second wall, 123-plug part, 13-first spring, 131-steel wire rope, 1311 expansion part, 14-feedback mechanism, 141-hydraulic tank, 1411-lug, 142-first plug, 143-second plug, 1431-column foot, 1432-column cover, 144-stroke switch, 145-groove, 146-wire collecting wheel, 15-air inlet pipe, 151-air outlet, 2-sieve plate.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-3

A threshing device of a combine harvester comprises a threshing cylinder 1 and a sieve plate 2 matched with the threshing cylinder 1, wherein the threshing cylinder 1 comprises a cylinder wall 11, a plurality of rows of threshing columns 12 uniformly arranged along the whole body of the cylinder wall 11, and first springs 13 connected with the adjacent threshing columns 12, wherein the first springs 13 are extension springs; the threshing cylinder 12 comprises a static cylinder 121 fixedly arranged on the cylinder wall 11, a movable cylinder 122 axially hinged on the cylinder wall 11, one movable cylinder 122 and one static cylinder 121 form the threshing cylinder 12, the movable cylinder 122 and the static cylinder 121 are not integrated, the movable cylinder 122 is positioned at the upstream of the rotation direction of the threshing cylinder 1, and the static cylinder 121 is positioned at the downstream of the rotation direction of the threshing cylinder 1; the moving column 122 comprises a first wall outer portion 1221 located outside the cylinder wall 11 and a first wall inner portion 1222 located inside the cylinder wall 11, and the static column 121 comprises a second wall outer portion 1211 located outside the cylinder wall 11 and a second wall inner portion 1212 located inside the cylinder wall 11; the first wall outer portion 1221 is raised to a height greater than the second wall outer portion 1211; the first wall inner 1222 is spaced apart from the second wall inner 1212, and is connected to the adjacent second wall inner 1212 located upstream in the rotation direction by a first spring 13, and the movable column 122 is kept static when not pressed by the material under the tension of the first spring 13; the second wall interior 1212 is provided with a feedback mechanism 14 for feeding back a pressing condition of the first wall interior 1222 against the second wall interior 1212. When the threshing machine works, the threshing cylinder 1 rotates, and materials enter between the threshing cylinder 1 and the sieve plate 2 to be extruded and kneaded for threshing. The length of the first wall outer part 1221 is different from that of the second wall outer part 1211, so that the materials are extruded and kneaded in a stepped mode, and the threshing effect is better. The first wall outer part 1221 and the first wall inner part 1222 are respectively subject to the acting force of the material and the first spring 13 in the upstream direction, the movable column 122 vibrates, the extruding and kneading space of the material changes accordingly, the elastic extruding and kneading of the material is realized, and the risk of material blockage is reduced. The first spring 13 is an extension spring with high stiffness coefficient which is correspondingly configured according to the driving force of the driving device of the threshing cylinder 1, under the normal working state, the acting force of the material on the first wall outer part 1221 is not enough to extrude the first wall outer part 1221 to the limit position, and the movable column 122 vibrates slightly within a certain range. When the material is relatively blocked, the first wall outer part 1221 can be extruded more greatly and rotate in the upstream direction, the shortest distance between the first wall outer part 1221 and the sieve plate 2 is increased, the extruding and kneading space of the material is released, and the material blocking is avoided. When the material is jammed severely, the material pushes the first wall outer portion 1221 to the limit position, and the first wall inner portion 1222 is moved toward the second wall inner portion 1212 at the downstream position against the pulling force of the first spring 13 to trigger the feedback mechanism 14, and the alarm signal is sent by the travel switch 144 disposed in the feedback mechanism 14.

Further, the feedback mechanism 14 includes a hydraulic tank 141 filled with grease, a first plug 142 having one end disposed in the hydraulic tank 141 and the other end protruding from the surface of the second wall interior 1212 and facing upstream, a second plug 143 having one end disposed in the hydraulic tank 141 and the other end located outside the hydraulic tank 141, and a travel switch 144 disposed opposite to the second plug 143. The first plug 142 and the second plug 143 each include an elastic member, such as a spring, which defines a relative position between the first plug 142 and the hydraulic tank 141 to be stable, and the first plug 142 and the second plug 143 are sealed with the hydraulic tank 141 by a sealing ring, so that the first plug 142 and the second plug 143 can be displaced in the hydraulic tank 141 when being stressed; the grease in the hydraulic tank 141 is in the form of paste, such as industrial butter like lithium-based grease. The first plug 142 is pressed by the first wall inner 1222 to move into the hydraulic tank 141, the second plug 143 moves out of the hydraulic tank 141, and when the second plug 143 moves to abut against the travel switch 144, the travel switch 144 sends out an alarm signal.

Further, the second plug 143 includes a column base 1431 inserted into the hydraulic tank 141 and a column cover 1432 provided on the top of the column base 1431, the column cover 1432 faces the shaft of the threshing cylinder 1; the hydraulic tank 141 is provided with a projection 1411 projecting toward the post cover 1432; the projection 1411 and the post cover 1432 are provided with matching grooves 145; the end of the first spring 13 located within the second wall interior 1212 includes a cable 131 passing through the groove 145, the cable 131 including an expansion 1311. In the state where the second plug 143 is not pushed out, the cover 1432 contacts with the protrusion 1411, and the groove 145 forms a wire hole for the wire rope 131 to pass through. One end of the steel wire rope 131 is connected with the body of the first spring 13, the other end of the steel wire rope passes through the wire hole, the wire diameter of the expansion part 1311 is larger than the hole diameter of the wire hole, the steel wire rope 131 is prevented from moving downstream through the wire hole and the expansion part 1311, and the first spring 13 is fixed. When the second plug 143 is ejected, the limiting effect of the wire hole on the expansion part 1311 disappears as the protrusion 1411 is separated from the plug cover 1432, the wire rope 131 is pulled downstream under the tension of the first spring 13, the downstream first wall inner 1222 is close to the downstream second wall inner 1212, and the ejected plug cover 1432 moves to abut against the travel switch 144, and the travel switch 144 sends out an alarm signal.

Further, the feedback mechanism 14 further includes a rotatable wire take-up reel 146 for taking up the wire 131. The length of the cable 131 that is wound up is such that it meets the stroke required for the downstream first wall interior 1222 to be able to trigger the downstream feedback mechanism 14 close to the downstream second wall interior 1212.

Further, the movable column 122 is perpendicular to the cylinder wall 11. When the movable column 122 is not pressed by the material, the movable column 122 is perpendicular to the cylinder wall 11 under the tension of the first spring 13.

Further, the first wall outer portion 1221 in the same threshing cylinder 12 is in contact with the second wall outer portion 1211.

Further, the first wall outer portion 1221 and the second wall outer portion 1211 in the same threshing cylinder 12 are provided with the insertion and extraction portion 123 which are matched with each other. In other words, the first wall outer part 1221 is provided with a convex part or a concave part, and the second wall outer part 1211 is provided with a concave part or a convex part which is matched with the convex part or the concave part, so that the plugging part 123 can be plugged and unplugged along with the reciprocating vibration of the first wall outer part 1221 in the working state, and the finely-crushed materials are prevented from entering between the first wall outer part 1221 and the second wall outer part 1211.

Further, the threshing cylinder 1 also comprises an air inlet pipe 15 coaxially and fixedly arranged in the cylinder body and used for inputting external air into the threshing cylinder 1, and the air inlet pipe 15 is provided with an air outlet 151 facing the sieve plate 2; the cylinder wall 11 between the movable column 122 and the static column 121 in the same threshing column 12 is provided with a vent 111. The threshing cylinder 1 is driven by a driving device on the harvester to rotate, the air inlet pipe 15 does not rotate along with the threshing cylinder 1, and air is blown to the threshing column 12 in the area of the sieve plate 2 through the air outlet 151 and is blown out through the air vent 111. In operation, when the first outer wall portion 1221 is separated from the second outer wall portion 1211 to create a gap, air is blown from the gap to act on the material to promote threshing and prevent fine material from entering between the first outer wall portion 1221 and the second outer wall portion 1211.

Further, the air outlets 151 are spaced around the cylindrical wall 11. In order to generate strong and weak exchange type acting force on the material by the gas and increase the anti-blocking capability, the inventor sets the gas outlet 151 to be close to the first wall interior 1222 and the second wall interior 1212, and sets the gas outlet 151 at intervals along the circumference of the cylinder wall 11.

Claims

1. A threshing device of a combine harvester comprises a threshing cylinder (1) and a sieve plate (2) matched with the threshing cylinder (1), wherein the threshing cylinder (1) comprises a cylinder wall (11) and a plurality of rows of threshing columns (12) uniformly arranged along the whole body of the cylinder wall (11), and is characterized by also comprising a first spring (13) connected with the adjacent threshing columns (12); the threshing cylinder (12) comprises a static cylinder (121) fixedly arranged on the cylinder wall (11), and a movable cylinder (122) axially hinged to the cylinder wall (11), wherein the movable cylinder (122) is positioned at the upstream of the rotating direction, and the static cylinder (121) is positioned at the downstream of the rotating direction; the movable column (122) comprises a first wall outer part (1221) positioned outside the cylinder wall (11) and a first wall inner part (1222) positioned inside the cylinder wall (11), and the static column (121) comprises a second wall outer part (1211) positioned outside the cylinder wall (11) and a second wall inner part (1212) positioned inside the cylinder wall (11); the first wall outer portion (1221) is raised to a greater height than the second wall outer portion (1211); said first wall interior (1222) being spaced from said second wall interior (1212) and connected by said first spring (13) to an adjacent said second wall interior (1212) upstream in the direction of rotation; the second wall interior (1212) is provided with a feedback mechanism (14) for feeding back a pressing condition of the first wall interior (1222) against the second wall interior (1212).

2. A threshing apparatus of a combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the feedback mechanism (14) comprises a hydraulic tank (141) filled with grease, a first plug (142) having one end arranged in the hydraulic tank (141) and the other end protruding out of the surface of the second wall interior (1212) and facing upstream, a second plug (143) having one end arranged in the hydraulic tank (141) and the other end located outside the hydraulic tank (141), a stroke switch (144) arranged opposite the second plug (143).

3. Threshing device of a combine harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that the second plug (143) comprises a column foot (1431) inserted towards the hydraulic tank (141) and a column cover (1432) arranged on top of the column foot (1431), the column cover (1432) facing the axis of the threshing cylinder (1); the hydraulic tank (141) is provided with a projection (1411) protruding towards the column cover (1432); the projection (1411) and the post cover (1432) are provided with cooperating grooves (145); the end of the first spring (13) located inside the second wall (1212) comprises a steel cable (131) passing through the groove (145), the steel cable (131) comprising an expansion (1311).

4. A threshing device of a combine harvester according to claim 3, wherein the feedback mechanism (14) further comprises a rotatable wire drum (146) for winding up the wire rope (131).

5. Threshing device according to claim 1, characterised in that the moving pillar (122) is perpendicular to the cylinder wall (11).

6. Threshing device of a combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the first wall outer part (1221) is in contact with the second wall outer part (1211).

7. Threshing device of a combine harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that the first wall outer (1221) and the second wall outer (1211) are provided with cooperating plug parts (123).

8. Threshing device of a combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein the threshing cylinder (1) further comprises an air inlet pipe (15) coaxially and fixedly arranged inside the cylinder body for inputting external air into the threshing cylinder (1), the air inlet pipe (15) is provided with an air outlet (151) facing the sieve plate (2); an air vent (111) is arranged on the cylinder wall (11) between the movable column (122) and the static column (121).

9. Threshing device according to claim 8, characterised in that the air outlets (151) are spaced around the cylinder wall (11).