Agricultural walnut shelling device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to an agricultural walnut shelling device.
Background
The walnut has rich nutritional value and is reputed by the reputations of 'Wansui Zi', 'Changshou' and 'health preserving treasure', 86% of fat in the walnut is unsaturated fatty acid, and the fat is rich in copper, magnesium, potassium, vitamin B6, folic acid and vitamin B1; the walnut is harvested to obtain pure walnuts through the processes of green husk removal, cleaning, screening and the like, and the walnut shells and the walnut kernels are finally separated to obtain the final walnut kernels for eating, in the prior art, manual smashing or single positioning is mostly adopted for shelling the walnuts, crushing is carried out by a crushing device to break the shells, however, the manual hand-breaking method is more labor-consuming, the walnut is not fixed well and the breaking force is not determined well, the mechanical shell breaking device is mostly fixed by a fixing device, and meanwhile, a crushing device at the upper part of the fixing device moves downwards to crush the walnuts, but the fixed walnut crushing device can only crush one walnut at a time, and because the lower part of the walnut is fixed, the whole walnut is not uniformly stressed, the upper part of the walnut can be cracked, but the lower part of the walnut is not cracked, so that the whole cracking process is not uniform.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the agricultural walnut shelling device which can simultaneously shell a plurality of walnuts and simultaneously shell the walnuts in the transportation process, so that the stress in the whole shelling process is uniform.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an agricultural walnut shelling device comprises a material conveying device, a discharging device, a conveying and crushing device, a secondary crushing device and a winnowing device; the material conveying device comprises a horizontal conveying device and an inclined conveying device, the horizontal conveying device comprises a driving belt wheel and a driven belt wheel I, the horizontal conveying belt is wound on the driving belt wheel and the driven belt wheel I, a motor drives the driving belt wheel to rotate so as to drive the driven belt wheel I to rotate, the inclined conveying device comprises a driven belt wheel I and a driven belt wheel II, the inclined conveying belt is wound on the driven belt wheel I and the driven belt wheel II so as to enable the motor to drive the driving wheel and the driven belt wheels I-II simultaneously, a feeding and discharging device is arranged at the lower end of the top of the inclined conveying belt, the discharging device is box-shaped, a hopper-shaped feeding hole is formed in the discharging box, walnuts enter the discharging box from the inclined conveying belt, two discharging holes are formed in the bottom of the discharging box, discharging guide pipes are connected with the two discharging holes, a conveying crushing device is arranged at the bottom of the discharging box, and the conveying crushing device comprises three conveying crushing belts, three transportation crushing belts are all wound on a driving belt wheel II and a driven belt wheel IV, the three transportation crushing belts are arranged from top to bottom, three driving belt wheels II are arranged on a straight line, three driven belt wheels IV are arranged on a straight line, a crushing channel I is arranged between the transportation crushing belt I and the transportation crushing belt II, a crushing channel II is arranged between the transportation crushing belt II and the transportation crushing belt III, outlets of two discharging guide pipes are respectively aligned with the crushing channel I and the crushing channel II, the inside of the transportation belt is hollow, an adjusting rod is arranged inside each hollow transportation belt, a plurality of tensioning rods are symmetrically arranged up and down of the adjusting rods, tensioning wheels are arranged at the tops of the tensioning rods, one ends of the tensioning rods which are symmetrical up and down are hinged with the adjusting rods, the tensioning wheels at the other ends of the tensioning rods are propped against the transportation belt, one ends of the tensioning rods are fixedly connected with stretching rods, and the tensioning rods are perpendicular to the tensioning rods, the both ends of tensile pole all are connected with the ejector pin, the other end of two ejector pins is all connected on the cam, two cams are rotated by a drive shaft drive, thereby it drives tensile pole horizontal motion to drive the ejector pin horizontal motion, thereby drive the adjustment lever horizontal motion, during the initial position, the position of adjustment lever sets up to the tensioning wheel and pushes up the transport area and make the transport area transport walnut about the time transport area can not press the walnut, when needs carry out the breakage to the walnut, driving motor drives the cam and rotates and make tensile pole pulling adjustment lever, thereby make the tensioning pole straighten, tensioning wheel pair transport area carries out the tensioning, can press the walnut up to the position in upper and lower transport area, the walnut transports forward and pushes down the dual strength of upper and lower pressure down the forward motion and with the shell crushing simultaneously in the transport area.
Furthermore, three transportation crushing belts are provided with triangular crushing teeth, and the crushing teeth are multiple.
Further, the transportation breaker lower extreme is provided with secondary breaker, and secondary breaker wraps two band pulleys and encircles the transportation on two transportation band pulleys, is provided with vibrator in the transportation, and the upper end of transportation area IV is provided with the connecting rod, and the lower extreme of connecting rod is provided with one row of brush, and the walnut through the crushing is shaken on transportation area IV, is brushed by the brush to will be broken nevertheless not taking off the vibrations of walnut shell from the walnut-meat through the crushing and take off.
Further, the lower extreme of transportation breaker is provided with wind selector, and wind selector includes a supporting bench, is provided with the fan on the supporting bench, and the opposite of supporting bench is provided with the screen cloth of vertical setting, and the shell that falls from the conveyer and the mixture of benevolence blow under the effect of fan, big walnut-meat whereabouts go, and the little walnut shell of broken back is blown the screen cloth, can not fall together through the big walnut shell and the walnut-meat of screen cloth and borrow the material device to carry out further screening.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides an agricultural walnut shelling device, which has the following beneficial effects:
the walnut shell crushing device is provided with the plurality of crushing conveying belts, the conveying belts are tensioned through the tensioning device, so that a plurality of walnuts conveyed on the conveying belts can be crushed simultaneously, the walnuts can roll forwards and be pressed simultaneously under the action of the forward conveying force of the upper and lower conveying belts and the mutual pressing force of the upper and lower conveying belts, the pressure on the whole walnut shell is uniform, the crushing of the whole walnut shell is very uniform, the phenomenon that the crushing degree is inconsistent due to nonuniform stress is avoided, the tensioning degree of the tension wheel can be adjusted by adjusting the adjusting rod through adjusting the stretching rod, the pressure of the upper and lower conveying belts can be adjusted, and the crushing degree of the walnuts can be adjusted through adjusting the pressure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the stretching rod of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an initial schematic view of a conveyor breaker belt of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the tension of the conveyor breaker belt of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-horizontal conveying belt, 2-inclined conveying belt, 3-discharging box, 4-discharging guide pipe, 5-conveying crushing belt I, 6-conveying crushing belt II, 7-conveying crushing belt III, 8-adjusting rod, 9-tensioning rod, 10-tensioning wheel, 11-conveying belt, 12-connecting rod, 13-hairbrush, 14-blower, 15-screen, 16-stretching rod, 17-ejector rod, 18-cam and 19-crushing tooth.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, an agricultural walnut shelling device comprises a material conveying device, a discharging device, a conveying crushing device, a secondary crushing device and a winnowing device; the material conveying device comprises a horizontal conveying device and an inclined conveying device, the horizontal conveying device comprises a driving belt wheel and a driven belt wheel I, a horizontal conveying belt 1 is wound on the driving belt wheel and the driven belt wheel I, a motor drives the driving belt wheel to rotate so as to drive the driven belt wheel I to rotate, the inclined conveying device comprises a driven belt wheel I and a driven belt wheel II, an inclined conveying belt 2 is wound on the driven belt wheel I and the driven belt wheel II so as to drive the driving wheel and the driven belt wheels I-II simultaneously, a feeding and discharging device is arranged at the lower end of the top of the inclined conveying belt 2, the discharging device is box-shaped, a hopper-shaped feeding hole is formed in the discharging box 3, walnuts enter the discharging box 3 from the inclined conveying belt, two discharging holes are formed in the bottom of the discharging box 3, discharging guide pipes 4 are connected to the two discharging holes, a conveying crushing device is arranged at the bottom of the discharging box, and the conveying crushing device comprises three conveying crushing belts, three transportation crushing belts are all wound on a driving belt wheel II and a driven belt wheel IV, the three transportation crushing belts are arranged from top to bottom, the three driving belt wheels II are arranged on a straight line, the three driven belt wheels IV are arranged on a straight line, a crushing channel I is arranged between the transportation crushing belt I (5) and the transportation crushing belt II (6), a crushing channel II is arranged between the transportation crushing belt II (6) and the transportation crushing belt III (7), outlets of two discharging guide pipes are respectively aligned with the crushing channel I and the crushing channel II, the transportation belt is hollow, an adjusting rod 8 is arranged inside each hollow transportation belt, a plurality of tensioning rods 9 are symmetrically arranged above and below the adjusting rod 8, a tensioning wheel 10 is arranged at the top of each tensioning rod 9, one end of each tensioning rod 9 which is vertically symmetrical is hinged with the adjusting rod 8, the tensioning wheel 10 at the other end of each tensioning rod 9 abuts against the transportation belt, one end of each tensioning rod 9 is fixedly connected with a stretching rod 16, the stretching rod 16 and the tensioning rod 9 are vertically arranged, the two ends of the stretching rod 16 are connected with the ejector rods 17, the other ends of the two ejector rods 17 are connected to the cams 18, the two cams 18 are driven by a driving shaft to rotate, so that the ejector rods 17 are driven to move left and right to drive the stretching rod 16 to move left and right, so that the adjusting rod 8 is driven to move left and right, in the initial position, the adjusting rod 8 is set to be in a position that the tensioning wheel 10 jacks the conveying belt to enable the upper conveying belt and the lower conveying belt to not press walnuts when the walnuts are conveyed by the conveying belt, when the walnuts are required to be crushed, the driving motor drives the cams 18 to rotate to enable the stretching rod 8 to pull the adjusting rod 8, so that the tensioning rod 9 is straightened, the tensioning wheel 10 tensions the conveying belt until the positions of the upper conveying belt and the lower conveying belt can press the walnuts, the walnuts move forward under the dual force of forward conveying belt and up and down pressing and crush shells simultaneously, triangular crushing teeth 19 are arranged on the three conveying crushing belts, the crushing teeth 19 are multiple, the lower end of the transportation crushing device is provided with a secondary crushing device, the secondary crushing device comprises two belt wheels and a transportation belt 11 surrounding the two belt wheels, a vibration device (not shown) is arranged on the transportation belt 11, the upper end of the transportation belt 11 is provided with a connecting rod 12, the lower end of the connecting rod 12 is provided with a row of brushes 13, crushed walnuts are vibrated on the transportation belt 11 and brushed by the brushes 13, so that the crushed walnut shells which are crushed but not removed are vibrated to be removed from the walnut kernels, the lower end of the transportation crushing device is provided with a winnowing device, the winnowing device comprises a supporting table, a fan 14 is arranged on the supporting table, a vertically arranged screen 15 is arranged opposite to the supporting table, the mixture of the shells and the kernels falling from the transportation device is blown by the fan, the large walnut kernels fall downwards, and the small crushed walnut shells are blown through the screen, the large walnut shells and the walnut kernels which can not pass through the screen fall together to a material borrowing device for further screening.