CN109233956A - 一种含氮双相不锈钢板材冷冲压成型加工材润滑剂的组合物 - Google Patents

一种含氮双相不锈钢板材冷冲压成型加工材润滑剂的组合物 Download PDF

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CN109233956A
CN109233956A CN201811204741.6A CN201811204741A CN109233956A CN 109233956 A CN109233956 A CN 109233956A CN 201811204741 A CN201811204741 A CN 201811204741A CN 109233956 A CN109233956 A CN 109233956A
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stainless steel
steel plate
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黄福川
李康春
邓富康
姜涛
蒋海福
黄旖瑶
吴园园
欧阳天成
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Guangxi University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种含氮双相不锈钢板材冷冲压成型加工材润滑剂的组合物，是采用质量百分比75％的HVIP 10和质量百分比25％的合成酯(Esterex XP61)复合作为半合成复合基础油，配合多种复合添加剂调和而成。它包括：极压剂、抗磨剂、油性剂、抗氧抗腐剂、抗氧剂、金属减活性剂、摩擦改进剂、抗泡剂、防锈剂、补强剂等。本发明具有良好的润滑性、冷却性、防锈性、扩散性、导热性、带油焊接性、脱脂性、油品热氧化安定性、无公害性及易操作性。

Description

一种含氮双相不锈钢板材冷冲压成型加工材润滑剂的组合物
技术领域
本发明属于润滑剂技术领域。具体是一种含氮双相不锈钢板材冷冲压成型加工材润滑剂的组合物属于润滑剂。
背景技术
不锈钢从化学成分上讲，是种以铁和碳为基础的含有较多合金元素的高合金钢。不锈钢从物理、化学性能上讲，是一种特殊钢。不锈钢包括耐酸钢、不起皮钢和电阻合金等，它们的共同特点是在空气及弱腐蚀介质中能抵抗腐蚀性-即不易生钫。由于这些钢具有不易生锈的特点，所以人们统称它们为不锈钢。不锈钢不是绝对不生锈、不被腐蚀，而是生锈量、被腐蚀量少；生锈和被腐蚀的过程较慢，甚至根本察觉不到。因此说，不锈只具有相对的含义，而不是绝对的。不锈钢的发明是世界冶金史上的一项重大成就，为近代工业的发展和社会进步奠定了重要的物质和技术基础。它在发展过程中逐步形成了马氏体不锈钢、铁素体不锈钢、奥氏体不锈钢、奥氏体十铁素体双相不锈钢从及沉淀硬化不锈钢五大类。奥氏体不锈钢是克服马氏体不锈钢耐蚀性不足以及铁素体脆性大而发展起来的钢种。以Cr和Ni为主要合金元素的奥氏体不锈钢耐蚀性高，而且塑性好，易于加工成形，具有良好的可焊性、低温韧性和无磁性等性能，是最重要也是目前应用最广泛的不锈耐酸钢，约占不锈钢总产量的2/3.这类钢的基本成分是18％～25％Cr，8％～20％Ni，低碳，也含有少量的钼、铌、钛等。由于钢中含有较多的铬、镍元素，而镍又是扩大相区的合金元素，因而可使其在室温下具有奥氏体组织。
为了提高不锈钢的综合性能，一个重要的技术手段就是在合金化过程中加入氮元素。从含氮不锈钢的研究分析可知：氮元素在不锈钢中所起的作用是比较复杂。氮元素的引入对双相不锈钢的新品种的出现和升级起重要作用，由于氮是形成奥氏体和扩大奥氏体区的关键性元素之一，可以显著提高双相不锈钢的抗点腐蚀和缝隙腐蚀性能，并且可提高钢的屈服强度，是最有效的固溶强化元素。氮的作用是在提高强度的同时，还能明显增加奥氏体和双相体不锈钢的韧性，并且能延缓金属间相的组成。钼、锰、铬、钒、铌、钛等元素可降低氮在钢液体中的活度，从而提高氮的溶解度。
金属固态塑性成型过程中简称金属成型过程(又叫金属压力加工或锻压加工)，它是指在外力作用下，使用金属材料产生预期塑性变形，以活动所需形状，尺寸和力学性能的毛坯或零件的加工方法。在金属塑性加工过程中，为提高生产效率，获得满意的加工质量，一般都要求使用一类润滑冷却介质，及通常所说的塑性加工润滑剂。金属塑性加工是一种被广泛采用，较先进的较少无切削的加工工艺，其中最主要的加工方法有：锻造、轧制、挤压、拉拔和冷冲压加工。然而在这些加工方法中，当前存在的主要问题是模具寿命短。与模具寿命短有关的因素很多，金属塑性加工中的润滑是其主要的影响因素之一。
各种金属加工工艺不同，润滑剂所发挥的作用不同，其技术要求也各不相同，大多数金属加工润滑剂都要求包含控制摩擦、减少磨损、控制热量和金属表面保护等基本性能，近来安全环保和回收要求不断提高。在金属加工过程中，金属加工润滑剂不是孤立的因素，应该将其当成整个润滑计划和系统工程的一部分，与工厂所有润滑剂和润滑装置组成了一个完整的摩擦学体系，才能更好地实现金属材料的加工。不同金属加工工艺的润滑剂，其质量要求各不相同。
含氮双相不锈钢的特点：①在不锈钢中主要是通过固溶强化、氮化物的弥散强化和晶粒细化的三种途径来改善钢的性能；②可以提高奥氏体不锈钢和双相不锈钢的强度，而又不降低韧性，且还能提高其抗蠕变性；③在某些介质环境中，氮可以提高不锈钢的抗腐蚀性能，包括抗应力腐蚀、抗点腐蚀及抗空蚀磨损性能④以氮代替镍的合金化，对铸造含氮超低碳双相不锈钢和无镍不锈钢有重要意义，且显著降低不锈钢的成本。
冲压加工属于金属塑性加工的一种，是通过模具对板料施加外力，使之分离或产生塑性变形，从而获得一定尺寸、形状和性能的零件的加工方法。通常也称为板料冲压或板成形加工。厚度小于4mm的薄板通常在常温下加工，所以又叫冷冲压。
冲压加工是室温下通过模具对各种不同规格的金属板料或坯料施加压力或拉力，是板材塑性成型，或对板料施加剪切力是板材分离，使之分离或产生塑性变形，从而获得一定尺寸，形状和性能的零件加工方法，也称为板料冲压和冷冲压。冲压分为冷冲压和热冲压两种形式。冲压加工应用范围广泛，不仅可冲压金属材料，而且也可冲压非金属材料，如橡胶、塑料等；不仅能够制造很小的仪器元件，而且也能生产如汽车大梁等大型部件；不仅能制造一般精度和形状的零件，而且也能制造精密和复杂形状的零件。冲压件在形状和尺寸精度方面互换性好，可以满足一般的装配和使用要求。由于加工中冲压件经过塑性变形，因而金属的内部组织得到改善，机械强度有所提高，使冲压件不仅具有重量轻，刚度好，而且精度高和外表光滑、美观的特点。冲压加工的基本工序可分为分离与成型两大类。金属冲压加工可细分为25个工序。冲压加工润滑的目的，是为了在模具和坯料之间形成牢固的、低摩擦的润滑膜，以防止两者直接接触；同时降低其摩擦力，尽可能减少摩擦的不良影响.。具体表现为抑制工件破裂，提高成型极限；同村减少因烧结、卡咬而产生的擦伤和起皱等不良现象，以提高产品质量。此外，还要抑制模具的卡咬和磨损，延长模具使用寿命。润滑油在冲压加工过程中起着非常重要的作用，由于润滑油质量不好或用油不当而造成设备故障，产品报废的情况屡有发生，严重影响生产效益和经济效益。一种性能优良的冲压加工润滑油应具备：润滑性、冷却性、防锈性、带油焊接性、脱脂性、油品安定性、无公害性及易操作性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种含氮双相不锈钢板材冷冲压成型加工材润滑剂的组合物。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：
一种含氮双相不锈钢板材冷冲压成型加工材润滑剂的组合物，采用质量百分比75％的HVIP 10与质量百分比25％的合成酯Esterex XP61复合作为半合成复合基础油，配合多种复合添加剂调和而成，各组分的质量百分比，如下表所示：
以上组分总和为100％。
上述基础油是采用质量百分比75％的HVIP 10与质量百分比25％的合成酯Esterex XP61复合作为半合成复合基础油。
上述极压剂是质量百分比50％的亚磷酸二正丁酯(T304)与质量百分比50％的磷酸三甲酯(T306)调和而成；上述抗磨剂是氯化石蜡(T302):二苄二硫醚(T322)的质量比＝2:1调和而成。
上述油性剂是硫化烯烃棉籽油；上述抗氧抗腐剂是硫磷酸丁辛基锌盐(T202)。
上述抗氧剂是质量百分比50％的2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚(T501)和质量百分比50％的丁基/辛基二苯胺(T551)调和而成；上述金属减活剂是质量百分比50％的吩噻嗪与质量百分比50％苯二唑衍生物(T551)调和而成。
上述摩擦改进剂是苯三唑脂肪酸铵盐(T406)；上述抗泡剂是丙烯酸酯与醚共聚物(T912)。
上述防绣剂是质量百分比50％的石油磺酸钠(T702)与质量百分比50％的烯基丁二酸半酯(T747)调和而成；上述补强剂是环烷酸铅(T341)。
本发明优点
本发明具有良好的润滑性、冷却性、防锈性、扩散性、导热性、带油焊接性、脱脂性、油品热氧化安定性、无公害性及易操作性。
具体实施方案
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
一种含氮双相不锈钢板材冷冲压成型加工材润滑剂的组合物，采用质量百分比75％的HVIP 10与质量百分比25％的合成酯Esterex XP61复合作为半合成复合基础油，配合多种复合添加剂调和而成，各组分的质量百分比，如下表所示：
以上组分总和为100％。
实施例2
一种含氮双相不锈钢板材冷冲压成型加工材润滑剂的组合物，采用质量百分比75％的HVIP 10与质量百分比25％的合成酯Esterex XP61复合作为半合成复合基础油，配合多种复合添加剂调和而成，各组分的质量百分比，如下表所示：
以上组分总和为100％。
实施例3
一种含氮双相不锈钢板材冷冲压成型加工材润滑剂的组合物，采用质量百分比75％的HVIP 10与质量百分比25％的合成酯Esterex XP61复合作为半合成复合基础油，配合多种复合添加剂调和而成，各组分的质量百分比，如下表所示：
以上组分总和为100％。
实施例1的典型技术指标，如下表所示：
实施例2典型技术指标，如下表所示：
项目 质量指标
密度(20℃)/kg/m<sup>3</sup> 905
40℃运动粘度mm<sup>2</sup>/s 64.62
闪点(开口)/℃ 239
凝点/℃ -24
动态湿热防锈试验(天) 19
钢片腐蚀(45#钢片) 不变色
酸值,mgKOH/g 2.6
粘度指数 136
蒸发损失(Noack法，150℃，1h)/％ 7.8
氧化安定性(旋转氧弹法，150℃)/min 306
摩擦系数 0.064
四球机试验Pb/N 1100
烧结负荷PD/N 2860
梯姆肯(Tim Ken试验，OK值)/N 279
FZG机试验(A/8，3/90)/通过级 12
沉淀/％ 无
热氧化安定性(100℃,24h)酸值(mgKOH/g) 0.28
水溶性酸或碱 无
实施例3典型技术指标，如下表所示：
项目 质量指标
密度(20℃)/kg/m<sup>3</sup> 911
40℃运动粘度mm<sup>2</sup>/s 67.11
闪点(开口)/℃ 246
凝点/℃ -21
动态湿热防锈试验(天) 22
钢片腐蚀(45#钢片) 不变色
酸值,mgKOH/g 2.8
粘度指数 128
蒸发损失(Noack法，150℃，1h)/％ 8.3
氧化安定性(旋转氧弹法，150℃)/min 320
摩擦系数 0.058
四球机试验Pb/N 1140
烧结负荷PD/N 2920
梯姆肯(Tim Ken试验，OK值)/N 273
FZG机试验(A/8，3/90)/通过级 12
沉淀/％ 无
热氧化安定性(100℃,24h)酸值(mgKOH/g) 0.25
水溶性酸或碱 无

Claims (7)

1.一种含氮双相不锈钢板材冷冲压成型加工材润滑剂的组合物，其特征在于：采用质量百分比75％的HVIP 10与质量百分比25％的合成酯Esterex XP61复合作为半合成复合基础油，配合多种复合添加剂调和而成，各组分的质量百分比，如下表所示：
组分 含量(百分比) 基础油 余量 极压剂 6～7％ 抗磨剂 10～12％ 油性剂 8～12％ 抗氧抗腐剂 0.8～1％ 抗氧剂 0.08～0.12％ 金属减活性剂 0.05～0.08％ 摩擦改进剂 1～2％ 抗泡剂 50～80ppm 防锈剂 0.01～0.02％ 补强剂 5～6％
以上组分总和为100％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含氮双相不锈钢板材冷冲压成型加工材润滑剂的组合物，其特征在于：所述基础油是采用质量百分比75％的HVIP 10与质量百分比25％的合成酯Esterex XP61复合作为半合成复合基础油。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种含氮双相不锈钢板材冷冲压成型加工材润滑剂的组合物，其特征在于，所述极压剂是质量百分比50％的亚磷酸二正丁酯(T304)与质量百分比50％的磷酸三甲酯(T306)调和而成；所述抗磨剂是氯化石蜡(T302):二苄二硫醚(T322)的质量比＝2:1调和而成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种含氮双相不锈钢板材冷冲压成型加工材润滑剂的组合物，其特征在于，所述油性剂是硫化烯烃棉籽油；，所述抗氧抗腐剂是硫磷酸丁辛基锌盐(T202)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种含氮双相不锈钢板材冷冲压成型加工材润滑剂的组合物，其特征在于，所述抗氧剂是质量百分比50％的2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚(T501)和质量百分比50％的丁基/辛基二苯胺(T551)调和而成；所述金属减活剂是质量百分比50％的吩噻嗪与质量百分比50％苯二唑衍生物(T551)调和而成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种含氮双相不锈钢板材冷冲压成型加工材润滑剂的组合物，其特征在于，所述摩擦改进剂是苯三唑脂肪酸铵盐(T406)；，所述抗泡剂是丙烯酸酯与醚共聚物(T912)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种含氮双相不锈钢板材冷冲压成型加工材润滑剂的组合物，其特征在于，所述防绣剂是质量百分比50％的石油磺酸钠(T702)与质量百分比50％的烯基丁二酸半酯(T747)调和而成；所述补强剂是环烷酸铅(T341)。
CN201811204741.6A 2018-10-16 2018-10-16 一种含氮双相不锈钢板材冷冲压成型加工材润滑剂的组合物 Pending CN109233956A (zh)

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