CN109232843A - 低voc、低气味的高回弹座椅泡沫及其制备方法 - Google Patents

低voc、低气味的高回弹座椅泡沫及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109232843A
CN109232843A CN201710560291.3A CN201710560291A CN109232843A CN 109232843 A CN109232843 A CN 109232843A CN 201710560291 A CN201710560291 A CN 201710560291A CN 109232843 A CN109232843 A CN 109232843A
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袁贵友
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Chongqing Hongli Zhixin Science And Technology Development Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种低VOC、低气味的高回弹座椅泡沫，由组分A和B按重量比100:40～52组成，组分A料如下：高分子量聚醚多元醇60～80份、高官能度聚合物多元醇20～40份、催化剂NE1070 0.6～0.9份、交联剂聚乙二醇400 1.5～2.5份、硅油0.8～1.2份、泡沫稳定剂Dabco DC6070 0.75～1.5份、水2.5～3.5份，所述聚醚多元醇和聚合物多元醇加起来为100份，组分B由甲苯二异氰酸酯与多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯混合得到，其中甲苯二异氰酸酯占组分B的重量百分比为50～70％，多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯占30～50％。还公开了该泡沫的制备方法。

Description

低VOC、低气味的高回弹座椅泡沫及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及聚氨酯泡沫技术领域，具体涉及一种低VOC、低气味的高回弹座椅泡沫及其制备方法。
背景技术
汽车座椅使用的聚氨酯泡沫塑料制品属于石油化工类原料通过化学反应生成的产品。其特性是原料成分复杂、有损健康的有机有害化学物资挥发量高、气味恶劣、令人非常不适直至反感。目前行业的普遍状况是：
以小型汽车为例，平均每辆车的座椅需要使用12-15公斤的泡沫制品，是对车内气味影响最大的物料。大多数厂家为了降低座椅的气味浓度采取对制品后序加热散发、大风流散发等手段进行处理，不仅能耗大、成本高、干扰周边空气环境，而且加热过程安全风险很大。与国家颁布的乘用车内空气质量控制标准相比较很难达标。如何通过配方研究直接在生产制造过程中实现产品的低VOC、低气味是比较复杂的技术难题。
由于国家颁布的是整车内有机有害化学物质挥发量限制指标，没有细化界定出汽车座椅及泡沫制品的限量标准。因此，此类细化控制标准都由各个成车企业围绕国家规定的8项标准范围内自主确定，所以此物料无法用国标加以衡量。仅能用国内各大汽车制造企业普遍使用的管控指标来衡量是否达标。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对上述问题，提供一种低VOC、低气味的物理机械性能好、高回弹座椅泡沫及其制备方法。
本发明解决其技术问题采用的技术方案：
一种低VOC、低气味的高回弹座椅泡沫，由组分A和B按重量比100:40～52组成，其中，
组分A以重量份数计，原料如下：
高分子量聚醚多元醇60～80份、高官能度聚合物多元醇20～40份、催化剂NE10700.6～0.9份、交联剂聚乙二醇4001.5～2.5份、硅油0.8～1.2份、泡沫稳定剂DabcoDC6070 0.75～1.5份、水2.5～3.5份，所述聚醚多元醇和聚合物多元醇加起来为100份，所述泡沫稳定剂为美国空气化工公司产品Dabco DC6070；
组分B由甲苯二异氰酸酯与多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯混合得到，其中甲苯二异氰酸酯占组分B的重量百分比为50～70％，多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯占组分B的重量百分比为30～50％。
所述高分子量聚醚多元醇平均分子量为6000～6600；所述高官能度聚合物多元醇的官能度在4～5.6。
所述硅油为低雾化性硅油。
一种低VOC、低气味的高回弹座椅泡沫的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)原料预混：取权利要求1至3任一项所述的组分A、组分B的原料分别预混后，分别存入储料罐中；
2)模具准备：产品模具表面控温55±5℃、喷离型剂、铺设嵌件级无纺布；
3)设备准备：根据产品要求设定流量、压力、重量、A/B组分配比等参数；
4)原料浇注：高压计量泵将原料均匀浇注到模腔里；
5)反应成型：合模反应后熟化成型。
6)开模取件。
步骤1)中所述储料罐控温在25±5℃。
步骤5)中熟化时间为210秒～240秒。
催化剂NE1070、Dabco DC6070均购自美国空气化工产品有限公司。
本发明的有益效果是：研究出的独特的工艺配方技术，不需要一切后序加工手段，可以直接生产出低VOC、低气味的泡沫制品。本发明采用带羟基的低气味反应型催化剂完全取代A33、C225等叔胺催化剂，采用交联剂聚乙二醇完全取代二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺等氨基交联剂，采用低气味泡沫稳定剂完全取代有毒有害有机锡，发泡剂采用水完全取代二氯甲烷、F11、141B等物理发泡剂，产品经生产现场随机抽样送国家资质机构检测，气味等级≤2.5级，远远低于国家限定的3.5级标准，为整车气味达标解决了技术难题。本发明适用范围宽泛，凡是生产聚氨酯高回弹模塑泡沫塑料的厂家都能适用；应用本配方不需要对发泡设备做任何更新改造和新的投资；应用本发明可以将以往配置的除气味、除VOC设施设备、工艺工序全部取消，成本更低。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但并不因此而限制本发明。
本发明VOC衡量标准采用的是中国长安汽车所颁布的企标。
实施例1制备低VOC、低气味的高回弹座椅泡沫
制备低VOC、低气味的高回弹座椅泡沫，各个样品的具体配方见表1所示。
表1样品1-5的具体配方
上述样品1-5是按照如下步骤得到的：
1)原料预混：将组分A的原料按照配方加入白料反应釜进行预混，通过输送泵输送到发泡机恒温储料罐A(控温25±5℃)；将组分B的原料按照比例加入黑料反应釜，搅拌后通过输送泵输送到发泡机恒温储料罐B(控温25±5℃)；
2)模具准备：产品模具表面控温55±5℃、喷离型剂、铺设嵌件级无纺布；
3)设备准备：根据产品要求设定流量、压力、重量、A/B原料配比等参数；
4)原料浇注：模具随流水线进入浇注工位，发泡机气动高压计量泵将原料均匀浇注到模腔里；
5)反应成型：合模，原料在模具里进行发泡反应并固化成型，熟化时间210秒-240秒；
6)开模取件：熟化时间达到自动开模，取出产品、整理修边、放入货架。
实施例2
将实施例1制得的产品进行气味检测，得到检测结果如下表2：
表2样品1-5的气味等级
样品 样品1 样品2 样品3 样品4 样品5
验证结果 2.5级 2.0级 2.5级 2.0级 2.5级
注：气味等级:密度为60kg/m3≦2.5级；密度为45kg/m3≦2.0级
本发明所生产的泡沫制品8项有毒有害化学物资挥发量低于中国长安汽车规定的《PU泡沫限量标准》。
实施例3
对实施例1中的样品4进行物理性能和VOC检测，结果如下表3所示。
表3产品物理性能检测结果
对实施例1中的样品1-5进行VOC检测，结果分别如下表4所示。
表4产品VOC检测结果

Claims (6)

1.一种低VOC、低气味的高回弹座椅泡沫，其特征在于：由组分A和B按重量比100:40～52组成，其中，
组分A以重量份数计，原料如下：
高分子量聚醚多元醇60～80份、高官能度聚合物多元醇20～40份、催化剂NE10700.6～0.9份、交联剂聚乙二醇4001.5～2.5份、硅油0.8～1.2份、泡沫稳定剂Dabco DC6070 0.75～1.5份、水2.5～3.5份，所述聚醚多元醇和聚合物多元醇加起来为100份，所述泡沫稳定剂为美国空气化工公司产品Dabco DC6070；
组分B由甲苯二异氰酸酯与多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯混合得到，其中甲苯二异氰酸酯占组分B的重量百分比为50～70％，多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯占组分B的重量百分比为30～50％。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种低VOC、低气味的高回弹座椅泡沫，其特征在于：所述高分子量聚醚多元醇平均分子量为6000～6600；所述高官能度聚合物多元醇的官能度在4～5.6。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种低VOC、低气味的高回弹座椅泡沫，其特征在于：所述硅油为低雾化性硅油。
4.一种低VOC、低气味的高回弹座椅泡沫的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
1)原料预混：取权利要求1至3任一项所述的组分A、组分B的原料分别预混后，分别存入储料罐中；
2)模具准备：产品模具表面控温55±5℃、喷离型剂、铺设嵌件级无纺布；
3)设备准备：根据产品要求设定流量、压力、重量、A/B组分配比等参数；
4)原料浇注：高压计量泵将原料均匀浇注到模腔里；
5)反应成型：合模反应后熟化成型。
6)开模取件。
5.如权利要求4所述的低VOC、低气味的高回弹座椅泡沫的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤1)中所述储料罐控温在25±5℃。
6.如权利要求4所述的低VOC、低气味的高回弹座椅泡沫的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤5)中熟化时间为210秒～240秒。
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CN114230745A (zh) * 2021-11-29 2022-03-25 长春富晟汽车技术研发有限公司 一种汽车座椅用低气味、低散发tdi聚氨酯泡沫材料及其制备方法

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CN111909355A (zh) * 2020-08-13 2020-11-10 荆晓东 一种耐疲劳低密度高回弹海绵及其制备方法
CN113416294A (zh) * 2021-05-28 2021-09-21 芜湖瑞泰汽车零部件有限公司 一种汽车座椅冷熟化高回弹发泡材料及其制备方法
CN114230745A (zh) * 2021-11-29 2022-03-25 长春富晟汽车技术研发有限公司 一种汽车座椅用低气味、低散发tdi聚氨酯泡沫材料及其制备方法

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Application publication date: 20190118