CN109222294A - 包含弹性复合织物的服装 - Google Patents

包含弹性复合织物的服装 Download PDF

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CN109222294A
CN109222294A CN201810737248.4A CN201810737248A CN109222294A CN 109222294 A CN109222294 A CN 109222294A CN 201810737248 A CN201810737248 A CN 201810737248A CN 109222294 A CN109222294 A CN 109222294A
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clothes
composite laminated
laminated object
stretchable fabric
fabric
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D.K.法莫
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Invista Technologies SARL Switzerland
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Invista Technologies SARL Switzerland
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41BSHIRTS; UNDERWEAR; BABY LINEN; HANDKERCHIEFS
    • A41B17/00Selection of special materials for underwear
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41BSHIRTS; UNDERWEAR; BABY LINEN; HANDKERCHIEFS
    • A41B9/00Undergarments
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41WEARING APPAREL
    • A41DOUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/18Elastic
    • A41D31/185Elastic using layered materials
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M17/00Producing multi-layer textile fabrics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26Polymeric coating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02Synthetic macromolecular fibres
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    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253Polyolefin fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2262/02Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276Polyester fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06Vegetal fibres
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/08Animal fibres, e.g. hair, wool, silk
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/14Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/51Elastic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/732Dimensional properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2437/00Clothing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/02Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber with fibres or particles being present as additives in the layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024Woven fabric
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/06Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/05Interconnection of layers the layers not being connected over the whole surface, e.g. discontinuous connection or patterned connection
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B32B7/14Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties applied in spaced arrangements, e.g. in stripes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Multi-Layer Textile Fabrics (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Details Of Garments (AREA)
  • Gloves (AREA)
  • Socks And Pantyhose (AREA)
  • Corsets Or Brassieres (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种可拉伸织物复合层合物,所述可拉伸织物复合层合物包括两个织物外层,并且具有粘结的弹性体纤维内层。所述可拉伸织物复合层合物附接至所述服装织物作为封边带或带子,或者附接在封边带或带子内,以提供更加舒适的服装或更大的配合范围。

Description

包含弹性复合织物的服装
本申请是申请日为2013年12月23日、申请号为201380074015.6、发明名称为“包含弹性复合织物的服装”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
发明背景
发明领域
本发明涉及包括至少一个可拉伸织物复合层合物的织物和服装。可拉伸织物复合层合物可位于封边带、带子或需要另外的拉伸、弹性模量或支撑的服装中的任何位置处。
相关技术概述
衬布是可在服装制造中用于为服装封边带诸如腰带、袖口和衣领提供硬挺度的织造或非织造材料。然而,这些材料通常不是可拉伸的/有弹性的,因此限制了成品服装边缘拉伸和恢复的能力。腰带和其它服装开口的一定程度的拉伸是需要的,以增强服装穿着者的舒适度或提供更大的配合范围。另外,支撑和拉伸在用于拉伸和/或支撑的服装内的任何位置处可为有用的。
发明概述
在一个实施方案中,公开了一种包括服装织物的至少一个层和可拉伸织物复合层合物的服装。可拉伸织物复合层合物包括两个织物外层,并且具有粘结的弹性体纤维的内层,其中可拉伸织物复合层合物附接至服装织物。复合材料的外层可以是任何合适的织物如织造物、针织物或非织造物。弹性体纤维内层可处于任何合适的取向。一种合适的取向包括其中弹性体纤维基本上相互平行地对齐。复合材料可通过任何合适的方法包括但不限于粘合、粘结、缝合等附接。
发明详述
如本文所用,术语“织物”是指针织的、织造的或非织造的材料。针织织物可为平针织物、圆筒形针织物、经编针织物、窄弹性带和花边。织造织物可具有任何构造,例如缎纹、斜纹、平织、牛津织、方平织和窄弹性带。非织造材料可为熔喷、纺粘、湿法成网、基于粗梳纤维的短纤维网等。
如本文所用,术语“模量”是指物品上应力的比,其以每单位线性密度或面积的力表示。
在一些实施方案中,公开了包括具有至少一个开口的服装的制品,所述开口可包括包含聚氨酯脲组合物的封边带。所述服装可包括上装、下装、袜类、无缝服装、头饰、内衣和手套。
在一些实施方案中,公开了一种包括具有至少一个开口的服装的制品。开口也称为封边带。封边带可包括于多种不同的服装中,包括但不限于:腰带、袖口和其它手臂开口和臂带、衣领/颈部开口、头带、长筒袜、袜口(袜子的开口)、腿套、腕带、头带、腿部开口(腿带)以及褶边等。可拉伸复合层合物可附接至开口的表面,如内部接触身体表面,或可包括于多层开口,如单次折叠织物或多层织物构造如腰带中。在多层封边带中,可拉伸复合层合物可以是中间层或可被包括在包括接触身体表面的织物表面上。可选地,材料的带可在暴露表面或外表面上。如果带是可见的,那么可将其印刷、染色或压延以赋予其期望的外观。
如本文所述的可拉伸复合层合物可具有任何合适的宽度。合适范围的实例包括但不限于约0.1cm至约30.0cm。当包括更小的宽度如约1.0cm至约5.0cm时,可拉伸复合层合物可形成用于服装如文胸或女式泳衣的带子。
在另一个实施方案中,可将单层织物折叠,以形成两个或更多个层的多层制品,其具有可拉伸复合层合物作为中间层。在可拉伸复合层合物放置在折叠点处的情况中,可提供另外的拉伸恢复力如在褶边处或对于身体塑形服装提供另外的支撑。
任何类型的织物可用作服装或用于封边带中。这包括织造物、非织造物、针织物和花边织物等。可拉伸复合层合物可邻近服装的一个表面放置或放置在服装内的层之间。可拉伸织物复合层合物可单独制备并缝到服装上,或者可在服装的构造期间将可拉伸织物复合层合物结合到服装开口中。服装的染色和整理可在服装与可拉伸复合层合物组装之前或之后进行。
在织物整理之前将服装或封边带附接至可拉伸复合层合物有一些益处。一个实例在于在服装中,包括100%棉织物的织物在织物整理时容易收缩。通过在服装中包括可拉伸复合层合物,除了增加弹性和垂直稳定性的益处之外,还抑制了织物的增长。
为了增加另外的支撑和其它特征,可将可拉伸复合层合物添加至制品的不同区域。例如,它可延伸穿过封边带的整个区域(连续施加),或延伸至选定的一个或多个部分(非连续施加),以提供不同的益处。例如,可将可拉伸复合层合物片放置在开口或封边带的整个区域中的选定位置。
用于实现外层与可拉伸织物复合层合物的内部弹性体纤维的附接的一种合适的方法是将粘合剂分散体或溶液施加至织物。施加可以是多种不同方法中的任一种。用于施加聚氨酯脲的分散体或溶液的方法包括喷涂、触碰(kissing)、印刷、刷涂、浸涂、轧染、散布、计量、涂抹及其组合。这之后施加热和/或压力。
各种有用的粘合剂可包括在可拉伸织物复合层合物中。粘合剂的实例包括任何热熔融粘合剂、氰基丙烯酸酯、环氧树脂、聚乙酸乙烯酯、塑料溶胶(包括橡胶)、热塑性塑料(包括聚氨酯、聚酯和聚酰胺)、硅氧烷、聚氨酯脲水性分散体、热固性压敏粘合剂及其组合。粘合剂可用于形成可拉伸织物复合层合物和/或将层合物附接至服装。粘合剂可包括连续或非连续施加。粘合剂的非连续施加的实例包括由点、垂直线、水平线、对角线、网格及其组合组成的组。处于点构型的可商购获得的热熔融粘合剂的实例可以商品名由Freudenberg Gygli GmbH,Weinheim,Germany购得,并且适用于粘结弹性纺织品。另外,如在一些实施方案中所述,聚氨酯脲水性分散体还可用作粘附多于一个层的任何服装或聚氨酯脲膜的粘合剂。
多种不同的纤维和纱线可与一些实施方案的织物和服装一起使用。这些纤维和纱线包括棉、羊毛、丙烯酸、聚酰胺(尼龙)、聚酯、氨纶、再生纤维素、橡胶(天然或合成的)、竹、丝、大豆及其组合。
可以任选地包括于可拉伸织物复合层合物中的添加剂包括:抗氧化剂、UV稳定剂、着色剂、颜料、交联剂、相变材料(即,从Outlast Technologies,Boulder,Colorado商购获得的)、抗微生物剂、矿物质(即,铜)、微胶囊化健康添加剂(即,芦荟、维生素E凝胶、芦荟、海藻、尼古丁、咖啡因、香味剂或芳香物)、纳米颗粒(即,二氧化硅或碳)、碳酸钙、阻燃剂、防粘添加剂、防氯降解添加剂、维生素、药物、芳香剂、导电添加剂和/或助染剂(即,从E.I.DuPont de Nemours,Wilmington,Delaware可商购获得的)。可被添加至预聚合物或水性分散体的其它添加剂包括增粘剂、抗静电剂、防缩孔剂、防皱缩剂、荧光增白剂、聚结剂、导电添加剂、发光添加剂、流平剂、冻融稳定剂、润滑剂、有机和无机填充剂、防腐剂、质地剂、热致变色添加剂、驱虫剂以及湿润剂。
水性聚氨酯分散体也可被包括作为粘合剂。这些尤其适用于粘合成型制品,所述粘合成型制品在相对较短的时间内与热和压力一起施加时可用于织物粘结、层压以及粘合目的。根据所使用的粘结方法,压力可例如在约大气压力至约60psi的范围内并且时间可在小于约1秒至约30分钟的范围内。
可使用其中将热施加至层合物表面的任何方法进行层压以将复合材料固定到织物上。热量施加的方法包括例如超声波、直接加热、间接加热以及微波。考虑到本领域所使用的其它方法,所述直接层压可提供的优点在于成型制品不但可通过机械相互作用粘结到衬底上而且也可通过化学粘结粘结到衬底上。例如,如果衬底具有任何反应性氢官能团,那么所述基团可与分散体或成型制品上的异氰酸酯基团和羟基基团发生反应,从而在衬底与分散体或成型制品之间提供化学粘结。分散体或成型制品与衬底的所述化学粘结可赋予强得多的粘结。所述粘结可发生在固化到衬底上的干燥成型制品中,或发生于在一个步骤中干燥和固化的湿分散体中。不含活性氢的材料包括聚丙烯织物和具有含氟聚合物或硅氧烷基表面的任何东西。具有活性氢的材料包括例如尼龙、棉、聚酯、羊毛、丝、纤维素、醋酸酯、金属和丙烯酸。另外,用酸、等离子体或另一种蚀刻形式处理的制品可具有用于粘合的活性氢。染料分子也可具有用于粘结的活性氢。
一些实施方案的用于施加粘合剂的方法和装置包括但不限于:辊涂(包括逆向辊涂);金属工具或刀片的使用(例如,将分散体倾倒在衬底上,然后通过使用金属工具如刀片将分散体散布于整个衬底而将分散体浇注成均匀的厚度);喷涂(例如,使用泵送喷射瓶)、浸涂;涂抹;印刷;冲压;以及浸渍制品。这些方法可用于将分散体直接施加到衬底上而无需另外的粘合材料,并且如果需要另外/更厚的层,那么可重复这些方法。可将分散体施加到由合成的、天然的或合成/天然共混材料制得的针织物、织造物或非织造物的任何织物上,以用于涂布、粘结、层压以及粘合目的。分散体中的水可在加工期间利用干燥除去(例如,通过空气干燥或炉的使用),从而在织物上留下沉淀且聚结的聚氨酯层以形成粘合剂粘结。
可用于施加分散体的工具的实例是刀片。刀片可由金属或任何其它合适的材料制成。刀片可具有有预定宽度和厚度的间隙。所述间隙的厚度可例如在0.2密耳至50密耳的范围内,如5密耳、10密耳、15密耳、25密耳、30密耳或45密耳的厚度。
膜、溶液和分散体的厚度可根据施加而变化。在干燥成型制品的情况下,最终厚度可例如在约0.1密耳至约250密耳,如约0.5密耳至约25密耳,包括约1密耳至约6密耳(1密耳=千分之一英寸)的范围内。
合适的厚度包括约0.5密耳至约12密耳、约0.5密耳至约10密耳,以及约1.5密耳至约9密耳。对于水性分散体,所用量可例如在约2.5g/m2至约6.40kg/m2,如约12.7g/m2至约635g/m2,包括约25.4g/m2至约152.4g/m2的范围内。
包括可拉伸复合层合物的衣物或服装的实例包括但不限于:内衣、文胸、内裤、女性内衣、泳衣、塑形衣、女用背心、袜类、睡衣、潜水衣、消毒衣、航天服、制服、帽子、吊袜带、防汗带、皮带、运动服、外衣、雨衣、寒冷天气的夹克、裤子、衬衫、连衣裙、女衬衫、男女上装、毛衣、紧身衣、背心、女式短衬裤、袜子、膝上袜、长筒袜、连衣裙、女衬衫、围裙、无尾礼服、男罩袍、长袍、头巾、吉里巴甫服、大袍、回教长袍、披肩、戏服、潜水服、苏格兰裙、和服、运动衫、罩袍、防护服、纱丽、纱笼、短裙、鞋罩、斯托拉、套装、约束衣、托加、紧身裤、毛巾、制服、面纱、潜水衣、医用压缩服装、绷带、套装内衬、腰带以及其中的所有部件。
适用于本发明的服装的合适的可拉伸非织造层合物公开于美国专利号6,713,415中,所述专利以引用的方式整体并入。这包括如下所述的织物:
一些方面的可拉伸织物复合层合物包括具有基本上相等宽度的两个非织造织物外层和基本上平行的、等间距的具有相等分特的弹性体纤维的均匀内层,所述具有相等分特的弹性体纤维能够从高达300%的延伸完全恢复。在没有外部施加的力的情况下,弹性体纤维可为基本上完全地松弛的。可使用针织物或织造织物代替非织造物。
“均匀内”层意指纤维在复合织物的制备期间具有基本上相等的分特和间距,基本上相互平行,并且经受基本上相同的张力。
织物可具有在约10g/m2至约30g/m2范围内的基重。许多类型的织物(包括非织造织物)是适合的。代表性实例是由热粘结的、纺粘的和水力缠结的纤维组成的非织造物,并且两个外层可以是相同或不同的。例如,它们由合成聚合物纤维如聚烯烃、聚酯和聚酰胺纤维组成。
弹性体纤维层由每英寸至少八根纺线(3.15根纺线/厘米)的宽度组成,每根纺线至少400分特。例如,每英寸纺线的数量不大于16(6.30根纺线/厘米)或为12。可选择这两个参数的组合以提供每英寸约0.22磅(38.9g/cm)的最小的缩回力,如当将纺线拉伸至其初始长度的150%时在成品中所测量的。弹性体纤维基本上平行于非织造织物的边缘。一种合适的弹性体纤维是氨纶纤维。
可通过粘合剂组合物将三个层粘结在一起,所述粘合剂组合物构成约10%至约35%的复合织物的重量。或者,高于这些水平的复合材料中的粘合剂含量可使织物自身粘结。粘合剂组合物可以是热熔融粘合剂,如苯乙烯基嵌段共聚物,包括苯乙烯/异戊二烯和苯乙烯/丁二烯嵌段共聚物。苯乙烯基部分可以是总粘合剂的至少约30重量%。复合材料中的每个元件(层)粘结至复合材料的至少一个其它元件。所述粘合剂仅部分覆盖外织物层的内表面。基于每个外层的表面积,粘合剂在小于约10%的程度上渗透到每个外层的外部。“内表面”是指在本发明的复合织物内的非织造物层表面。
可通过在两个非织造织物层之间均匀地放置张紧的弹性体长丝来制备复合的可拉伸的绉纹织物,所述张紧的弹性体长丝基本上等距离间隔开并且具有不少于400分特每长丝的基本上相等的分特。可存在每英寸至少8根长丝(纺线)的宽度并且纺线基本上相互平行并且平行于非织造织物的边缘。将三个层用粘合剂粘结,接着在粘结之后去除张力。这个过程产生具有基本上均匀平坦的表面外观的绉纹织物,这源自于小的基本上均匀的绉纹。
在用于制备绉纹织物的合适的工艺中,基本上平行且等间距的弹性体纤维的层被拉伸不少于100%并且被放置在非织造织物层中的一个层的顶部。将粘合剂如热熔融粘合剂施加到弹性体纤维和底部非织造物层上。然后将另一个非织造物层放置在粘合剂处理的组合的顶部,并且在弹性体纤维保持在拉伸状态下的同时通过热和压力粘结组合的结构。或者,可在将弹性体纤维放置在非织造织物层之间之前,将粘合剂施加到所述弹性体纤维上。当粘结完成时,张力基本上完全被释放并且复合织物松弛以形成所需的绉纹结构。
可以若干不同的方式施加热熔融粘合剂。在一种方法中,熔融粘合剂可作为不连续的网从喷嘴沉积,这一过程称为熔喷法。在另一种方法中,熔融粘合剂可作为实心流束从喷嘴沉积,所述喷嘴在所述网经过时以螺旋形图案移动,这一过程称为旋喷。如通过熔喷或旋喷产生的其中粘合剂仅部分覆盖非织造物层的内表面的图案产生复合织物的均匀、平坦的表面外观。所谓的“部分覆盖”是指粘合剂在非织造物的内表面的一部分上是存在的,但是在相邻部分上不存在。这也可通过施加“点阵”图案来实现。
本发明的产品提供了理想的平滑的、简洁合体的外观并且主要用作插入弹性非织造物,例如用作外套短裤的弹性插入物。
本发明的绉纹织物的平坦度和平滑度可通过测量当将织物从其松弛状态拉伸至其极限伸长时厚度的变化来测量。织物的外观越平滑,在拉伸时厚度的变化就越小。一方面的厚度的减小百分比不大于约64%。或者,可对凸起部分的数量计数,称为每线性英寸松弛的复合织物的绉纹。从给定的延伸长度开始,随着松弛织物中绉纹数量的增加,每个绉纹的幅度减小。具有可接受的平滑度的织物每线性英寸具有至少16个绉纹(6.3绉纹/厘米)。
这两个值的关系、厚度的减小百分比与每英寸绉纹数量的比率很好地限定了本发明的织物。可拉伸织物的称为平坦度因子的这个比率必须为约4.4或更小,包括小于3.6,以满足本发明的基本上均匀平坦的外观的限制。
虽然本发明已以说明性方式进行了描述,但是应了解的是所用术语旨在实质上为词语或描述而非限制。另外,虽然本发明就若干个示意性实施方案进行了描述,但是应理解,本领域的技术人员将容易地将这些教义应用到本发明的其它可能的变型中。

Claims (23)

1.一种服装,所述服装包括服装织物的至少一个层和可拉伸织物复合层合物;
所述可拉伸织物复合层合物包括两个织物外层,并且具有粘结的弹性体纤维内层;
其中所述可拉伸织物复合层合物附接至所述服装织物。
2.如权利要求1所述的服装,其中所述可拉伸织物复合层合物通过粘结、粘合、缝合、层压或其组合附接至所述服装织物。
3.如权利要求1所述的服装,其中所述弹性体纤维包括熔纺弹性体。
4.如权利要求1所述的服装,其中所述弹性体纤维选自由氨纶、弹性体聚烯烃、天然橡胶丝和合成橡胶丝及其组合组成的组。
5.如权利要求1所述的服装,其中所述服装选自由上装、下装、袜类、无缝服装、头饰、贴身衣物、泳衣以及手套组成的组。
6.如权利要求5所述的服装,其中所述可拉伸织物复合层合物包括在所述服装的封边带处。
7.如权利要求6所述的服装,其中所述封边带选自由臂带、袖口、衣领、腰带、腿带、头带和褶边组成的组。
8.如权利要求1所述的服装,其中所述服装包括包含所述可拉伸织物复合层合物的部件。
9.如权利要求8所述的服装,其中所述服装的所述部件选自由文胸侧翼、塑形衣裁片和带子组成的组。
10.如权利要求1所述的服装,其中所述服装包括所述服装织物的两个或更多个层,并且所述可拉伸织物复合层合物位于所述层之间。
11.如权利要求10所述的服装,其中所述两个或更多个层通过折叠单片织物形成。
12.如权利要求1所述的服装,其中所述可拉伸织物复合层合物通过在所述服装织物与所述可拉伸织物复合层合物之间的粘合剂附接至所述服装织物。
13.如权利要求10所述的服装,其中所述粘合剂包括非连续施加。
14.如权利要求13所述的服装,其中所述非连续施加选自由点、垂直线、水平线、对角线、网格及其组合组成的组。
15.如权利要求14所述的服装,其中所述粘合剂选自由热熔融粘合剂、氰基丙烯酸酯、环氧树脂、聚乙酸乙烯酯、塑料溶胶、热塑性塑料、硅氧烷、聚氨酯水性分散体及其组合组成的组。
16.如权利要求1所述的服装,其中所述可拉伸织物复合层合物是耐洗的。
17.如权利要求1所述的服装,其中所述可拉伸织物复合层合物具有约0.20cm至约30.0cm,包括从约0.30cm至约10.0cm的宽度。
18.如权利要求1所述的服装,其中包括在所述可拉伸织物复合层合物中的所述两个非织造织物外层具有基本上相等的宽度;并且
所述可拉伸织物复合层合物的每个外层相对于所述可拉伸织物复合层合物具有内表面和外表面;并且
所述弹性体纤维的内层包括至少8根纺线/英寸(3.15根纺线/厘米);并且
所述弹性体纤维具有约400分特或更大的线性密度。
19.如权利要求18所述的服装,其中所述弹性体纤维具有800分特至约2500分特的线性密度。
20.如权利要求18所述的服装,其中所述可拉伸织物复合层合物具有约0.22磅/英寸(38.9g/cm)的回缩力。
21.如权利要求1所述的服装,其中所述可拉伸织物复合层合物包括按所述可拉伸织物复合层合物的重量计约10%至约35%的量的粘合剂。
22.如权利要求21所述的服装,其中所述粘合剂仅部分覆盖至少一个外层的所述内表面并且基于每个外层的表面积在小于约10%的程度上渗透到每个外层的外部。
23.如权利要求1所述的服装,其中所述可拉伸织物复合层合物具有不超过4.4的经计算的平坦度因子。
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CN105407752A (zh) 2016-03-16
KR20150111350A (ko) 2015-10-05

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