CN109220058B - Method for improving germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds - Google Patents
Method for improving germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN109220058B CN109220058B CN201811284240.3A CN201811284240A CN109220058B CN 109220058 B CN109220058 B CN 109220058B CN 201811284240 A CN201811284240 A CN 201811284240A CN 109220058 B CN109220058 B CN 109220058B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/10—Apiaceae or Umbelliferae [Carrot family], e.g. parsley, caraway, dill, lovage, fennel or snakebed
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds, aiming at the defects of a wild buckwheat rhizome pretreatment method in the prior art, methods such as hormone seed soaking, natural environment change simulation (dry-wet treatment), coriander extract liquid seed soaking, ultrasonic treatment and the like are adopted, so that the germination rate of the wild buckwheat rhizome seeds is improved (reaching 97.8 percent), and the technical problems that the wild buckwheat rhizome seed germination rate is not high, large-area popularization and high yield of wild buckwheat rhizome cultivation are not facilitated, and the like are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving the germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds, belonging to the technical field of plant cultivation.
Background
Wild buckwheat (Fagopyrum dibotrys (d. don) Hara), also called wild buckwheat and wild buckwheat, are perennial herbs of Fagopyrum mille, Fagopyrum girl, Polygonaceae (Polygonaceae). The native southwest areas of China are distributed in most provinces such as Sichuan, Chongqing, Hunan, Guangxi, Shaanxi, Jiangsu and the like, and most wild plants are in forest borders, shrubs, fields and roadside with the altitude of 500-3000 m. Since the root tuber and leaf of the plant contain a plurality of flavonoids and steroids and can be used for medicine, the development and utilization of the plant are mainly focused on chemical, pharmacological and clinical researches of medicinal components contained in the plant at present, and the plant is an important resource plant with medicinal value. With the gradual understanding of people on the medicinal value, the wild buckwheat is not required in the market, the wild buckwheat is listed in the second level of national key protection of wild plants in the country in 1999, and the first wild buckwheat protogenesis environment protection region in Chongqing Guijiang is established in Chongqing.
The wild buckwheat belongs to perennial plants, the flowering period is longer, the seed setting rate is not high, and the propagation mode mainly adopts asexual propagation, which relatively reduces the dependence on sexual reproduction. Because the germination rate of the wild buckwheat rhizome after artificial sowing is not ideal and irregular, the germination rate of the wild buckwheat rhizome is between 20 and 30 percent under the conventional conditions, and the large-area popularization of wild buckwheat rhizome cultivation is influenced.
The prior related art is as follows:
1. before sowing, 0.10-0.50% of boric acid solution or 5.00-10.00% of plant ash leachate is used for soaking seeds of wild buckwheat, so that a good germination effect can be obtained. (comprehensive utilization route of wild buckwheat rhizome and its artificial cultivation technology [ J ] Beijing agriculture, 2011(5):44-46.)
2. Sterilizing with 10% sodium hypochlorite at 25 deg.C for 10min, and sterilizing at 150 mg.L-1(gibberellin) GA3The wild buckwheat rhizome is soaked in the solution for 24 hours, so that the wild buckwheat rhizome has a certain promotion effect on the germination of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds, and the germination rate can reach 76.6 percent. (Wangwangxin, Yang Sudan, Liu hong Mei. different plant growth regulators to the seed germination and seedling growth of wild buckwheat rhizome [ J ]]Seed, 2017(5):19-22.)
3. When the germination temperature is 15 ℃, soaking the wild buckwheat seeds in 5 percent PEG (polyethylene glycol) until the wild buckwheat seeds germinate, wherein the germination rate can reach 80 percent. (Yangpen, Liangjian, Chong Wei, temperature and PEG concentration effects on Fagopyrum cymosum seed Germination [ J ]. proceedings of the Sichang academy, 2007, 21(4): 17-20).
In the prior art, the germination rate of wild buckwheat seeds reaches 80 percent, but still has a great space for improving.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method for improving the germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds, which solves the technical problems that the wild buckwheat rhizome seed germination rate is not high, large-area popularization and high yield of wild buckwheat rhizome cultivation are not facilitated, and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for improving the germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds comprises the following steps:
1) pretreatment: taking wild buckwheat seeds, measuring the original water content, then sterilizing, and screening mature, full and disease and pest free seeds;
2) seed soaking: placing the screened seeds in GA3Soaking in the solution, taking out, cleaning, and oven drying at 25-35 deg.CInitial water content;
3) putting seeds into the coriander extracting solution for 8-16 h, taking out, drying at 25-35 ℃ to reach the original water content, soaking for 4-8 h again, treating the seeds for 5-15 min by adopting ultrasonic waves, soaking for 4-8 h again, drying at 25-35 ℃ to reach the original water content, putting the seeds into the coriander extracting solution for 8-16 h again, taking out, and drying at 25-35 ℃ to reach the original water content;
4) placing the seeds treated in the step 3) in an incubator for germination.
Preferably, GA3The concentration of the solution is 100-300 mg.L-1。
Preferably, the seeds are in GA3The soaking time in the solution is 10-12 h.
Preferably, in the step 2), the drying temperature is 30 ℃.
Preferably, in step 3), the drying temperature is 28 ℃.
Preferably, the preparation method of the coriander extract comprises the following steps:
cutting coriander, adding ethanol with the weight 2-3 times of that of the coriander, performing reflux extraction for 2-3 hours, filtering an extracting solution, recovering ethanol, and concentrating the extracting solution to 1.5-2.0 g/cm3And cooling to 0-5 ℃ for later use.
More preferably, the preparation method of the coriander extract comprises the following steps:
cutting herba Coriandri, adding 2 times of ethanol, reflux-extracting for 2 hr, filtering the extractive solution, recovering ethanol, and concentrating the extractive solution to 1.5g/cm3And cooling to 4 ℃ for later use.
Preferably, in the step 1), the method for disinfection is to soak the seeds in a 3% potassium permanganate solution for 30 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the invention, aiming at the defects of the wild buckwheat rhizome pretreatment method in the prior art, the method of soaking seeds with hormone, simulating natural environment change (dry-wet treatment), soaking seeds with coriander leachate, ultrasonic treatment and the like is adopted, so that the germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds is improved and can reach 97.8 percent.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
Example 1
A method for improving the germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds comprises the following steps:
1) pretreatment: taking wild buckwheat seeds, measuring the original water content, soaking the seeds in a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 3% for 30min for disinfection, and screening mature, full and disease and pest free seeds;
2) seed soaking: placing the screened seeds at 200 mg.L-1GA3Soaking in the solution for 10h, taking out, cleaning, and drying at 30 deg.C to original water content;
3) putting seeds into the coriander extracting solution for 12 hours, taking out, drying at 28 ℃ to the original water content, soaking again for 6 hours, then treating the seeds for 10 minutes by adopting ultrasonic waves (the ultrasonic wave treatment can change the permeability of a plasma membrane, promote the exchange of substances inside and outside cells, enhance the physiological metabolic process in the seeds and promote the development of embryos), then soaking again for 4 hours, drying at 28 ℃ to the original water content, putting the seeds into the coriander extracting solution again for 10 hours, and taking out and drying at 28 ℃ to the original water content;
4) placing the seeds treated in the step 3) in an incubator for germination.
The preparation method of the coriander extract comprises the following steps:
chopping Coriandrum sativum L, adding 2 times of ethanol, reflux-extracting for 2 hr, filtering the extractive solution, recovering ethanol, and concentrating the extractive solution to 1.5g/cm3And cooling to 4 ℃ for later use.
Example 2
A method for improving the germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds comprises the following steps:
1) pretreatment: taking wild buckwheat seeds, measuring the original water content, soaking the seeds in a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 3% for 30min for disinfection, and screening mature, full and disease and pest free seeds;
2) seed soaking: placing the screened seeds at 100 mg.L-1GA3Soaking in the solution for 10h, taking out, cleaning, and drying at 25 deg.C to original water content;
3) putting seeds into the coriander extracting solution for 8 hours, taking out, drying at 25 ℃ to the original water content, soaking for 4 hours again, treating the seeds for 5 minutes by adopting ultrasonic waves, soaking for 4 hours again, drying at 28 ℃ to the original water content, putting the seeds into the coriander extracting solution again for 10 hours, taking out, and drying at 28 ℃ to the original water content;
4) placing the seeds treated in the step 3) in an incubator for germination.
The preparation method of the coriander extract was the same as in example 1.
Example 3
A method for improving the germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds comprises the following steps:
1) pretreatment: taking wild buckwheat seeds, measuring the original water content, soaking the seeds in a 3% potassium permanganate solution for 30min for disinfection, and screening mature, full and disease and pest free seeds;
2) seed soaking: placing the screened seeds at 300 mg.L-1GA3Soaking in the solution for 12h, taking out, cleaning, and drying at 35 deg.C to original water content;
3) putting seeds into the coriander extracting solution for 16h, taking out, drying at 35 ℃ to the original water content, soaking again for 8h, treating the seeds for 15min by adopting ultrasonic waves, soaking again for 8h, drying at 35 ℃ to the original water content, putting the seeds into the coriander extracting solution again for 16h, taking out and drying at 35 ℃ to the original water content;
4) placing the seeds treated in the step 3) in an incubator for germination.
The preparation method of the coriander extract was the same as in example 1.
Example 4
A method for improving the germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds is different from that of example 3,
the preparation method of the coriander extract comprises the following steps:
radix Et rhizoma RheiCutting herba Coriandri, adding 2 times of ethanol, reflux extracting for 2 hr, filtering the extractive solution, recovering ethanol, and concentrating the extractive solution to 1.5g/cm3And cooling to 0 ℃ for later use.
Example 5
A method for improving the germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds is different from that of example 3,
the preparation method of the coriander extract comprises the following steps:
cutting herba Coriandri, adding 3 times of ethanol, reflux-extracting for 3 hr, filtering the extractive solution, recovering ethanol, and concentrating the extractive solution to 2.0g/cm3And cooling to 5 ℃ for later use.
Example 6
A method for increasing germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seed, which is different from that of example 3 in that GA3The concentration of the solution was 350 mg.L-1(ii) a Seeds in GA3The soaking time in the solution was 8 h.
Example 7
A method for improving the germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds is different from that in example 3 in that the seeds are soaked in 6% potassium permanganate solution for 10 min.
Comparative example 1
A method for improving the germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds is different from that of example 3,
step 3): putting seeds into the coriander extracting solution for 6h, taking out, drying at 38 ℃ to the original water content, soaking again for 3.5h, treating the seeds for 3min by adopting ultrasonic waves, soaking again for 3.5h, drying at 38 ℃ to the original water content, putting the seeds into the coriander extracting solution again for 6h, taking out, and drying at 38 ℃ to the original water content.
Comparative example 2
A method for improving the germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds is different from that of example 3,
step 3): putting seeds into the coriander extracting solution for 18h, taking out, drying at 20 ℃ to the original water content, soaking again for 10h, treating the seeds for 20min by adopting ultrasonic waves, soaking again for 10h, drying at 20 ℃ to the original water content, putting the seeds into the coriander extracting solution again for 18h, taking out, and drying at 20 ℃ to the original water content.
Comparative example 3
A method for improving the germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds is different from that of example 3,
step 3): putting the seeds into the coriander extracting solution for 16h, taking out, drying at 35 ℃ to the original water content, putting the seeds into the coriander extracting solution again for 16h, taking out, and drying at 35 ℃ to the original water content;
test example: germination rate detection
The seeds treated in the examples and the comparative examples were placed in a petri dish for cultivation. The specific conditions are 30 ℃, the germination is carried out for 4 days in an illumination incubator with illumination for 8 hours in the daytime, the germination rate is counted, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Germination rate/% | |
| Example 1 | 97.8％ |
| Example 2 | 93.4％ |
| Example 3 | 93.8％ |
| Example 4 | 90.3％ |
| Example 5 | 91.0％ |
| Example 6 | 83.9％ |
| Example 7 | 85.0％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 70.7％ |
| Comparative example 2 | 75.8％ |
| Comparative example 3 | 70.4％ |
The test results show that the method can effectively improve the germination rate of the wild buckwheat seeds (up to 97.8%).
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present invention that is presented in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the practice of the invention is not to be considered limited to those descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a number of simple derivations or substitutions can be made without departing from the inventive concept.
Claims (7)
1. A method for improving the germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) pretreatment: taking wild buckwheat seeds, measuring the original water content, then sterilizing, and screening mature, full and disease and pest free seeds;
2) seed soaking: placing the screened seeds in GA3Soaking in the solution, taking out, cleaning, and drying at 25-35 ℃ to the original water content;
3) putting seeds into the coriander extracting solution for 8-16 h, taking out, drying at 25-35 ℃ to reach the original water content, soaking again for 4-8 h, treating the seeds for 5-15 min by adopting ultrasonic waves, soaking for 4-8 h, and then soaking at 25-35 DEG CDrying to the original water content, putting the seeds into the coriander extracting solution again for 8-16 h, taking out the seeds, and drying at 25-35 ℃ to the original water content; the preparation method of the coriander extract comprises the following steps: cutting coriander, adding ethanol with the weight 2-3 times of that of the coriander, performing reflux extraction for 2-3 hours, filtering an extracting solution, recovering ethanol, and concentrating the extracting solution to 1.5-2.0 g/cm3Cooling to 0-5 ℃ for later use;
4) placing the seeds treated in the step 3) in an incubator for germination.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein GA is added to increase the germination rate of Fagopyrum cymosum seeds3The concentration of the solution is 100-300 mg.L-1。
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the seeds are planted in GA3The soaking time in the solution is 10-12 h.
4. The method for improving the germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds of claim 1, wherein the drying temperature in step 2) is 30 ℃.
5. The method for improving the germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds of claim 1, wherein the drying temperature in step 3) is 28 ℃.
6. The method for improving the germination rate of wild buckwheat rhizome seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the coriander extract comprises:
cutting herba Coriandri, adding 2 times of ethanol, reflux-extracting for 2 hr, filtering the extractive solution, recovering ethanol, and concentrating the extractive solution to 1.5g/cm3And cooling to 4 ℃ for later use.
7. The method for improving the germination rate of the wild buckwheat rhizome seeds of claim 1, wherein the disinfection method in step 1) comprises soaking the seeds in a 3% potassium permanganate solution for 30 min.
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