CN109207092B - 卫生间地砖粘合剂、制备方法及在防渗漏施工中的应用 - Google Patents
卫生间地砖粘合剂、制备方法及在防渗漏施工中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明是一种卫生间地砖粘合剂,属于黏合剂领域。本发明包括透明质酸和肽类化合物,制备方法为(1)配制2‑4wt%的透明质酸水溶液;(2)配制10‑30wt%肽类化合物水溶液;(3)将等体积透明质酸水溶液和肽类化合物水溶液混合,得混合溶液;(4)加入光引发剂,用紫外光照射2‑5分钟,即得粘合剂。其中光引发剂优选为二苯甲酮类化合物或苯偶姻衍生物。本发明提供的卫生间地砖粘合剂具有很好的粘结强度,原强度可高达1.57MPa,浸水后强度有一定提升可达1.75Mpa。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于黏合剂领域,尤其涉及一种卫生间地砖粘合剂。
背景技术
在日常生活中,卫生间是用水量大且用水频率高的地方,而卫生间渗水现象比较普遍。以卫生间渗漏为主的通病已经成为了业主对住宅质量投诉的主要对象,严重影响住户正常生活,不但容易引发邻里纠纷,而且还会造成建筑结构的安全应还,缩短建筑物的使用寿命。
在卫生间地方防渗漏施工工艺中,最为重要的就是防水层涂料的选择和瓷砖粘合剂的选择,两者均采用性能较好的材料,不仅可以防水而且瓷砖粘合度也高,不会随着时间的变长或者环境湿度的变化,降低粘合度从而脱落。
本发明提供的卫生间地砖粘合剂属于水凝胶。凡是水溶性或亲水性的高分子,通过一定的化学交联或物理交联,都可以形成水凝胶。这些高分子按其来源可分为天然和合成两大类。天然的亲水性高分子包括多糖类,如淀粉、纤维素、海藻酸、透明质酸,壳聚糖等,多肽类,如胶原、聚L-赖氨酸、聚L-谷胺酸等。合成的亲水高分子包括醇、丙烯酸及其衍生物类,如聚丙烯酸,聚甲基丙烯酸,聚丙烯酰胺,聚N-聚代丙烯酰胺等。
作为一种高吸水高保水材料,水凝胶被广泛用于多种领域,如:干旱地区的抗旱,在化妆品中的面膜、退热贴、镇痛贴、农用薄膜、建筑中的结露防止剂、调湿剂、石油化工中的堵水调剂,原油或成品油的脱水,在矿业中的抑尘剂,食品中的保鲜剂、增稠剂,医疗中的药物载体等等。值得注意的是,不同的应用领域应该选用不同的高分子原料,以满足不同的需求。
然而,现有技术中几乎没有用到水凝胶作为地砖粘合剂的报道,大多仍是传统的水泥砂浆类粘合剂,如申请公布号为CN 104150849 A的中国专利提供的一种高强度粘合剂的主要成分为硅酸盐熟料和粉煤灰;又如授权公告号为CN 100558840 C的中国专利提供的建筑用防水彩色填缝粘合剂的主要原料也是水泥和石英砂。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的缺陷,本发明跳出传统的桎梏,提供了一种卫生间地砖粘合剂及其制备方法,其主要原料为透明质酸和肽类化合物,通过加入光引发剂,用一定强度的紫外光照射进行反应,得到一种具有高粘度的卫生间地砖粘合胶。
具体地,本发明是通过下述技术方案实现的:
一种卫生间地砖粘合剂,其特征在于,包括透明质酸和肽类化合物。
卫生间地砖粘合剂的制备方法,制备方法如下:
(1)配制2-4wt%的透明质酸水溶液;
(2)配制10-30wt%肽类化合物水溶液;
(3)将等体积透明质酸水溶液和肽类化合物水溶液混合,得混合溶液;
(4)加入光引发剂,用紫外光照射2-5分钟,即得粘合剂;
所述光引发剂添加量为混合溶液质量的0.5%-1.0%。。
优选地,所述肽类化合物为环(异亮氨酸-亮氨酸)二肽、赖氨酸-甘氨酸二肽、甘氨酰-甘氨酰-L-异亮氨酸、甘氨酰-甘氨酰-L-亮氨酸中的任意一种。
优选地,所述的光引发剂为二苯甲酮类化合物或苯偶姻衍生物。
优选地,所述的二苯甲酮类化合物为4-苯基二苯甲酮、邻苯甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯、4-(4-甲苯巯基苯基)苯基甲酮、4-氯甲基二苯甲酮、4-羟甲基二苯甲酮中的任意一种。
优选地,所述的苯偶姻衍生物为安息香甲基醚、安息香乙基醚、安息香异丙醚、安息香正丁醚、安息香异丁醚、苯基(2-苯基-1,3-二氧杂烷-2-基)甲酮、3-(2-氧代-1,2-二苯基乙氧基)丙酸中的任意一种。
优选地,所述的紫外光照射强度为5.0-7.0mW/cm2。
优选地,所述的紫外光波长为360nm-400nm。
卫生间地砖粘合剂在卫生间地面防渗漏施工工艺中的应用。
一种卫生间地面防渗漏施工工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)用水泥浆对地面进行浇筑,使地面上预设的水管处于水泥形成的封闭空间内;
(2)对地面使用水泥砂浆进行整体找平,并预设好淋浴区返水坡度;
(3)使用水泥浆制作挡水条及门槛石区域的挡水暗梁;
(4)使用水泥浆对地面和墙面交接处进行圆角处理;
(5)地面整体涂刷防水材料,并返上墙体不低于30厘米;
(6)铺设挡水条和门槛石,并用水泥浆封堵挡水条门槛石和墙体之间的缝隙;
(7)对地砖预先刷瓷砖专用背胶;
(8)使用粘合剂铺设地砖,铺设厚度为2-3mm。
本发明提供的卫生间地砖粘合剂属于水性粘合剂,用水作为溶剂,大幅降低了VOC含量,选用的主要原料为透明质酸和肽类化合物都是对人类无害的化合物,环保,符合未来发展趋势。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明作进一步的详细说明,以下实施例仅仅是用来解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
具体地,在下述实施例中使用的原料来源如下:
地砖,选用上海斯米克建材有限公司生产的型号为U061,大小为300mm×3000mm玻化砖,厚度为1.6cm,符合GB/T4100-2006标准要求,吸水率≤0.5%。
透明质酸,CAS号:9004-61-9。
赖氨酸-甘氨酸二肽,CAS号:40719-58-2。
甘氨酰-甘氨酰-L-亮氨酸,CAS号:14857-82-0。
邻苯甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯,CAS号:606-28-0。
安息香乙基醚,CAS号:574-09-4。
3-(2-氧代-1,2-二苯基乙氧基)丙酸,CAS号:879896-64-7。
纯丙乳液为郑州市高士丽涂料有限公司生产的3001型纯丙乳液,固体含量50%。
二丁酸二辛酯磺酸钠,CAS号:577-11-7。
2-溴-2-硝基-1,3-丙二醇,CAS号:52-51-7。
聚丙烯酸钠为广东中联邦精细化工有限公司生产的型号为C-912的工业级聚丙烯酸钠,CAS号:9003-04-7。
实施例1
一种卫生间地砖粘合剂,包括透明质酸和赖氨酸-甘氨酸二肽。
所述卫生间地砖粘合剂制备方法如下:
(1)配制3wt%的透明质酸水溶液;
(2)配制18wt%赖氨酸-甘氨酸二肽水溶液;
(3)将等体积透明质酸水溶液和赖氨酸-甘氨酸二肽水溶液混合,得混合溶液;
(4)加入邻苯甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯,用紫外光照射2分钟,即得粘合剂;
所述邻苯甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯添加量为混合溶液质量的0.7%;
所述的紫外光照射强度为6.9mW/cm2;
所述的紫外光波长为360nm。
一种卫生间地砖粘合剂的使用方法,即一种卫生间地面防渗漏施工工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)用水泥浆对地面进行浇筑,使地面上预设的水管处于水泥形成的封闭空间内;
(2)对地面使用水泥砂浆进行整体找平,并预设淋浴区5%的返水坡度,形成找平层;
(3)使用水泥浆制作挡水条区域的挡水暗梁及门槛石区域的挡水暗梁,两处挡水暗梁高度均为3cm;
(4)使用水泥浆对地面和墙面交接处进行圆角处理,找平层与墙交接处及转角处、管根处,均抹成R=50mm,均匀一致、平整圆滑的内凹的圆弧倒角;
(5)地面整体涂刷四层防水材料,每层涂刷方向互成直角,并返上墙体50厘米,每层防水材料涂抹量为2.0kg/m2;
(6)用玻璃胶将挡水条和门槛石分别安装在挡水条区域的挡水暗梁及门槛石区域的挡水暗梁上,并用水泥浆封堵挡水条门槛石和墙体之间的缝隙;
(7)对地砖预先刷瓷砖专用背胶,背胶涂抹量为0.6kg/m2;
(8)使用粘合剂铺设地砖,铺设厚度为2mm,粘合剂使用量为5.2kg/m2。
所述瓷砖专用背胶制备方法为将按照重量份计的80份纯丙乳液、0.2份二丁酸二辛酯磺酸钠、0.5份2-溴-2-硝基-1,3-丙二醇、1.0份聚丙烯酸钠和10份水加入容器中,以5000rpm的转速搅拌15分钟,即得。
所述防水材料的制备方法如下:
(1)将二氧化硅加入到40倍质量的DMF溶液中,搅拌10分钟,随后加入二氧化硅质量10%的全氟庚酸,升温至120℃,回流12小时,过1000目筛,所得固体用25倍二氧化硅质量的乙醇洗涤1次,将固体在80℃的烘箱中常压干燥8小时,即得改性固体填料;
(2)将丙基三氯硅烷加入到聚二甲基硅氧烷中,搅拌1-2小时,即得基础涂料;
所述丙基三氯硅烷的质量为聚二甲基硅氧烷的10%;
(3)将改性固体填料加入到其25倍质量的基础涂料中,60℃下以1000rpm转速搅拌20分钟,得到防水材料。
实施例2
一种卫生间地砖粘合剂,包括透明质酸和甘氨酰-甘氨酰-L-亮氨酸。
所述卫生间地砖粘合剂的制备方法如下:
(1)配制3wt%的透明质酸水溶液;
(2)配制18wt%甘氨酰-甘氨酰-L-亮氨酸水溶液;
(3)将等体积透明质酸水溶液和甘氨酰-甘氨酰-L-亮氨酸水溶液混合,得混合溶液;
(4)加入邻苯甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯,用紫外光照射2分钟,即得粘合剂;
所述邻苯甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯添加量为混合溶液质量的0.7%;
所述的紫外光照射强度为6.9mW/cm2;
所述的紫外光波长为360nm。
所述卫生间地砖粘合剂的使用方法与实施例1相同。
实施例3
一种卫生间地砖粘合剂,包括透明质酸和甘氨酰-甘氨酰-L-亮氨酸。
所述卫生间地砖粘合剂的制备方法如下:
(1)配制3wt%的透明质酸水溶液;
(2)配制18wt%甘氨酰-甘氨酰-L-亮氨酸水溶液;
(3)将等体积透明质酸水溶液和甘氨酰-甘氨酰-L-亮氨酸水溶液混合,得混合溶液;
(4)加入安息香乙基醚,用紫外光照射2分钟,即得粘合剂;
所述安息香乙基醚添加量为混合溶液质量的0.7%;
所述的紫外光照射强度为6.9mW/cm2;
所述的紫外光波长为360nm。
所述卫生间地砖粘合剂的使用方法与实施例1相同。
实施例4
一种卫生间地砖粘合剂,包括透明质酸和甘氨酰-甘氨酰-L-亮氨酸。
所述卫生间地砖粘合剂的制备方法如下:
(1)配制3wt%的透明质酸水溶液;
(2)配制18wt%甘氨酰-甘氨酰-L-亮氨酸水溶液;
(3)将等体积透明质酸水溶液和甘氨酰-甘氨酰-L-亮氨酸水溶液混合,得混合溶液;
(4)加入3-(2-氧代-1,2-二苯基乙氧基)丙酸,用紫外光照射2分钟,即得粘合剂;
所述3-(2-氧代-1,2-二苯基乙氧基)丙酸添加量为混合溶液质量的0.7%;
所述的紫外光照射强度为6.9mW/cm2;
所述的紫外光波长为360nm。
所述卫生间地砖粘合剂的使用方法与实施例1相同。
测试例1
粘合剂拉伸强度测试
粘合剂拉伸强度测试按照JC/T547-2005标准进行,选用相同的吸收率≤0.5%玻化砖为地砖,试样制备方法为将瓷砖专用背胶刷于地砖背面,背胶涂抹量为0.6kg/m2,使用粘合剂铺设地砖,铺设厚度为2mm,粘合剂使用量为5.2kg/m2,按照标准条件养护。
选用实施例1制备的瓷砖专用背胶,对实施例1-4制备的粘合剂进行粘结强度测试。结果如表1所示。
表1粘结强度测试表
实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | |
粘结强度/MPa | 1.18 | 1.35 | 1.40 | 1.57 |
根据上表可知,采用甘氨酰-甘氨酰-L-亮氨酸水溶液制备粘合剂(实施例2)较使用赖氨酸-甘氨酸二肽制备粘合剂(实施例1)具有更好的粘结强度。比较出乎意料的是,光引发剂也会对粘结强度产生影响,当选用3-(2-氧代-1,2-二苯基乙氧基)丙酸作为光引发剂(实施例4)时有着最佳的粘结强度。
测试例2
浸水后拉伸强度测试
粘合剂浸水后拉伸强度测试按照JC/T547-2005标准进行。选用相同的吸收率≤0.5%玻化砖为地砖,试样制备方法为将瓷砖专用背胶刷于地砖背面,背胶涂抹量为0.6kg/m2,使用粘合剂铺设地砖,铺设厚度为2mm,粘合剂使用量为5.2kg/m2,按照标准条件养护。选用实施例1制备的瓷砖专用背胶,对实施例1-4制备的粘合剂进行粘结强度测试。结果如表2所示。
表1浸水后粘结强度测试表
由上表可知,本发明提供的卫生间地砖粘合剂在浸水后粘结强度并没有显著下降,甚至实施例3和4的浸水后的粘结强度还有少许提高,这也许跟本发明提供的粘结剂属于水性粘结剂有关,浸水后反而使其与地砖粘结地更为紧密。
Claims (7)
1.一种卫生间地砖粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,制备方法如下:
(1)配制2-4wt%的透明质酸水溶液;
(2)配制10-30wt%肽类化合物水溶液;
(3)将等体积透明质酸水溶液和肽类化合物水溶液混合,得混合溶液;
(4)加入光引发剂,用紫外光照射2-5分钟,即得粘合剂;
所述光引发剂添加量为混合溶液质量的0.5%-1.0%。
2.根据权利要求1所述卫生间地砖粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述肽类化合物为环(异亮氨酸-亮氨酸)二肽、赖氨酸-甘氨酸二肽、甘氨酰-甘氨酰-L-异亮氨酸、甘氨酰-甘氨酰-L-亮氨酸中的任意一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述卫生间地砖粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的光引发剂为二苯甲酮类化合物或苯偶姻衍生物。
4.根据权利要求3所述卫生间地砖粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的二苯甲酮类化合物为4-苯基二苯甲酮、邻苯甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯、4-(4-甲苯巯基苯基)苯基甲酮、4-氯甲基二苯甲酮、4-羟甲基二苯甲酮中的任意一种。
5.根据权利要求3所述卫生间地砖粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的苯偶姻衍生物为安息香甲基醚、安息香乙基醚、安息香异丙醚、安息香正丁醚、安息香异丁醚、3-(2-氧代-1,2-二苯基乙氧基)丙酸中的任意一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述卫生间地砖粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的紫外光照射强度为5.0-7.0mW/cm2。
7.根据权利要求1所述卫生间地砖粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的紫外光波长为360nm-400nm。
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