CN109197487B

CN109197487B - Method for improving germination rate of anthurium andraeanum seeds

Info

Publication number: CN109197487B
Application number: CN201810979325.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 易懋升; 夏晴; 周晓云; 宿庆连; 谢伟平; 刘琳
Original assignee: Guangzhou Flower Research Center
Current assignee: Guangzhou Flower Research Center
Priority date: 2018-08-21
Filing date: 2018-08-21
Publication date: 2021-09-14
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-21
Also published as: CN109197487A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the germination rate of anthurium andraeanum seeds. The method comprises the steps of sowing anthurium seeds in a matrix, pressing the seeds to enable the seeds to be partially embedded in the matrix, and then carrying out cultivation management after sowing. The method is simple and efficient, has low cost, directly broadcasts the anthurium andraeanum seed matrix, has the advantages of high germination rate and high seedling rate of yellow ripe fruit seeds as high as 97.00 percent, is favorable for cultivating strong seedlings, shortens the breeding period, saves the breeding cost and the like.

Description

Method for improving germination rate of anthurium andraeanum seeds

The technical field is as follows:

the invention belongs to the technical field of anthurium seedling raising, and particularly relates to a method for improving the germination rate of anthurium seeds.

Background art:

anthurium andraeanum Lind is a species of Anthurium of Araceae, has large and bright spathes, waxy luster, beautiful and various colors, beautiful leaf shapes, can bloom all the year round and is widely distributed in Central, south and America. The cross breeding work is started from the twenty century and the fortieth abroad, and a large number of excellent varieties are cultivated at present. The last 80 s of the last century was introduced into China and started to be widely planted. At present, the research of anthurium is focused on the research of tissue culture rapid propagation and cultivation technology, and few systematic research reports about anthurium breeding are reported. Anthurium seed sowing is an important link in anthurium breeding. The existing reports of sterile sowing of anthurium andraeanum seeds exist, but the method has the defects of high pollution rate, high cost, complicated procedures and the like. Moreover, the anthurium andraeanum fruits have different maturation periods and long harvesting period, and need to be harvested and sowed for multiple times, so that the anthurium andraeanum fruits cannot be harvested if aseptic sowing is adopted. The anthurium andraeanum seeds are directly sown by adopting the matrix, the operation is simple and convenient, the seedlings can be directly grown, the hybrid breeding period of the anthurium andraeanum is shortened, and the foundation is laid for the accelerated cultivation of the new anthurium andraeanum species with independent intellectual property rights.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to provide a method for improving the germination rate of anthurium andraeanum seeds, which can effectively improve the germination rate of anthurium andraeanum seeds.

The method for improving the germination rate of the anthurium andraeanum seeds comprises the steps of sowing the anthurium andraeanum seeds in a matrix, pressing the seeds to enable the seeds to be partially embedded in the matrix, and then carrying out cultivation management after sowing.

Preferably, said pressing of the seed to partially embed the seed in the matrix is pressing the seed to embed half of the seed in the matrix.

Preferably, the cultivation management after sowing is that in the first week, the water content of the matrix needs to be kept above 90%, the temperature is 28 ℃, the relative humidity is 80%, the illumination is within 2000lux, after one week, seeds start to germinate, the water content of the matrix is kept between 50% and 70%, after cotyledons grow out, 3000 times of liquid fertilizer is sprayed, the temperature and the humidity are the same as those in the first week, and the illumination is controlled to be 5000-8000 lux.

Preferably, the liquid fertilizer is 20-20-20 of flowers.

The method is simple and efficient, has low cost, directly broadcasts the anthurium andraeanum seed matrix, has the advantages of high germination rate and high seedling rate of yellow ripe fruit seeds as high as 97.00 percent, is favorable for cultivating strong seedlings, shortens the breeding period, saves the breeding cost and the like.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the following examples are further illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof. The experimental methods in the following examples are all the methods of the present invention unless otherwise specified, the experimental materials used in the following examples are all planted in flower germplasm resource gardens of Guangzhou flower research center, the quantitative experiments in the following examples are all set up for multiple repeated experiments of a plurality of anthurium varieties, and the results are averaged.

Example 1:

selecting the hybrid progeny fruits of the anthurium andraeanum combination A. Montana multiplied by A. sweet Dream as experimental materials. In 2014, No. 5/month 14 am 8: 30 the yellow ripe seeds of the experimental material were picked and then divided into three batches at random, labeled as treatment a, treatment B and treatment C, 300 seeds were selected for each treatment and divided into three equal parts at random as three replicates.

Step 1: preparing a sowing tool;

the pencil, the sign, 200 hole cave dishes, matrix (0 ~ 10mm peat soil), gondola water faucet, the straight shape stainless steel tweezers of tip that 11cm of length, thickness 1.0 mm.

Step 2: preparing a plug substrate;

grinding the substrate, flatly placing the holes of the plug tray, and thoroughly spraying the substrate by using shower water.

And step 3: seed placement and sowing depth control;

a, treatment: the cleaned seeds are placed in the palm of the left hand, the seeds are clamped by tweezers on the right hand, and the seeds are sown in the matrix, so that the seeds are not exposed and are completely covered by the matrix.

B, treatment: the cleaned seeds are placed in the palm of the left hand, the seeds are clamped by tweezers on the right hand and placed in the middle of the hole matrix, 1 seed is placed in each hole, and after the placement of a single hole disc or the current label seeds is finished, pressing treatment is not carried out.

C, treatment: putting the cleaned seeds in the palm of the left hand, clamping the seeds by forceps with the right hand, and putting the seeds in the middle of the hole matrix, wherein 1 seed is put in each hole; after the single plug tray or the current label seeds are placed, the seeds are sequentially and lightly pressed by fingers, and half of the seeds are embedded into the matrix.

And 4, step 4: post-seeding cultivation management

In the first week, the substrate needs to maintain a water content of more than 90% (90-95% in this embodiment), a temperature of 28 ℃, a relative humidity of 80%, and an illumination of 2000lux or less (1500-2000 lux in this embodiment). After one week, the seeds begin to germinate, the water content of the matrix is kept between 50 and 70 percent, and after the cotyledon grows out, 3000 times of diluted liquid fertilizer (more flowers are 20 to 20 percent) is sprayed, the temperature and the humidity are the same as those in the first week, and the illumination is controlled to be 5000 to 8000 lux. After three months, the concentration of the liquid fertilizer is gradually increased to the normal management requirement according to the growth condition of the seedlings.

After 40 days, the germination rate is counted, and the germination rate is (number of germinated grains/number of sowed grains) multiplied by 100%.

TABLE 1 seed germination Rate for different methods of sowing

Treatment of	Germination percentage of replicate 1 (%)	Repeat 2 germination Rate (%)	Repeat 3 germination Rate (%)	Mean value (%)
					A	50.00	46.00	48.00	48±1.15b
B	94.00	95.00	96.00	95±0.58a
					C	96.00	98.00	97.00	97±0.58a

As can be seen from Table 1, the germination rate of the seeds sowed in a manner that the seeds are not exposed (treatment A) is significantly reduced, and is only 48.00%, which is significantly different from that of the seeds sowed in the treatment B and the treatment C. The method of the invention is used for sowing (treatment C), the germination rate is as high as 97.00 percent, and the method of directly placing the seeds on the surface of the substrate (treatment B) has the germination rate of 95.00 percent which is slightly lower than that of the treatment C. However, the method has obvious disadvantages in management after sowing, and the survival rate is not high because the seeds are directly exposed on the surface of the matrix, and the seeds are easily flushed out of the original positions or even out of the hole tray in the watering and fertilizing processes, so that the problems of confusion or limited growth of the seedlings and the like are caused. Therefore, the method for sowing can effectively improve the germination rate and the seedling rate of the seeds.

Claims

1. A method for improving the germination rate of anthurium andraeanum seeds is characterized in that anthurium andraeanum seeds are sown in a matrix, the seeds are pressed to enable the seeds to be partially embedded in the matrix, and then cultivation management after sowing is carried out;

the pressing of the seed to partially embed the seed in the matrix is pressing the seed to partially embed half of the seed in the matrix;

the cultivation management after sowing is that in the first week after sowing, the water content of a matrix is kept to be more than 90%, the temperature is 28 ℃, the relative humidity is 80%, the illumination is within 2000lux, after one week, seeds start to germinate, the water content of the matrix is kept to be 50-70%, after cotyledons grow out, 3000 times of liquid fertilizer is sprayed, the temperature and humidity are the same as those in the first week, and the illumination is controlled to be 5000-8000 lux;

the liquid fertilizer is more than 20-20-20 flowers.