CN101411300A

CN101411300A - Technique for soiless drought seedling cultivation of cotton with substrate replanting and antagonistic effect

Info

Publication number: CN101411300A
Application number: CNA2007100535834A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王谧
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-10-18
Filing date: 2007-10-18
Publication date: 2009-04-22

Abstract

The invention provides a cotton non-soil dry seedling culture technique which transplants matrixes and has antagonistic effect. The technique comprises the following steps: grass carbon, vermiculite, perlite, clay, antagonistic bacteria and the like are mixed to be a matrix which can be bonded into a ball according to a certain proportion; the matrix is placed in a seedling culture tray; cotton seeds are sown in holes of the seedling culture tray full of the matrix; the seedling culture tray is placed on dry land for seedling culture management; the other antagonistic bacteria and rooting agents are aperiodically applied after cotton seedlings are level; and after reaching suitable seedling age, cotton together with the matrix is transplanted into a field. The technique has the advantages that the technique can save about two workers during seedling culture, and reduces labor intensity as compared with nutrition pot cotton; compared with cotton non-soil dry seedling culture, the technique can shorten seedling recovering period, accelerate the growing process of cotton plants and increase yield; compared with cotton non-soil water seedling culture, the technique can reduce investment cost and is simple to operate and little in snail damage; and compared with the nutrition pot cotton, the cotton non-soil dry seedling culture, the cotton non-soil water seedling culture and the cotton non-soil dry seedling culture with matrix transplantation which are not inoculated with the antagonistic bacteria, the technique can reduce the occurrence of fusarium wilt and verticillium wilt.

Description

A kind of carrying substrates is transplanted and the cotton of tool antagonism does not have native rice seedling on upland field technology

Technical field

The cotton that the present invention relates to a kind of carrying substrates transplanting does not have native rice seedling on upland field technology, the antagonism between cotton-wilt fusarium and verticillium wilt pathogen and other fungus strain.

Technical background

That sowing cotton seed or seedling growing process mainly contain is live, nutrition bowl seedling transplanting and soilless-cultivated seedling are transplanted three kinds, they with whether use that the plastic film covering is capable of being combined again to become multiple seedling raising manners.Live cotton is simple to operate, but it is slower to emerge, and cannot say for sure to show full stand the high yield cotton field and generally abandon using; The nutritive cube cotton can realize early seedling, strong sprout and one broadcasting full stand, but recruitment is more and labour intensity is bigger, and the heavier problem of disease is not resolved yet; Cultivation of Cotton Seedlings Without Soil is guaranteeing on seedling morning, full stand and the basis in strong sprout, can alleviate disease takes place, reduce labour intensity, reduce the amount of labour used, Cultivation of Cotton Seedlings Without Soil generally can be divided into two classes at present: a class is a rice seedling on upland field, cotton seedling is arranged on the nonirrigated farmland cultivates, the not subsidiary matrix of cotton seedling during transplanting, the subject matter that it exists is that seedling-slowing stage is longer after the cotton transplantation of seedlings, generally needs 10～20 days cotton seedlings just to recover growth, because cotton seedling recovers to differ sooner or later, the big or small gap between cotton plant is also bigger afterwards; Another kind of is rice seedling on watered bed, places the pond to cultivate cotton seedling, and cotton transplantation of seedlings is carrying substrates often, and the subject matter of existence is that seedling cost is higher, does the seepage that nutritive water easily takes place in simple and easy pond with plastic film, and snail harm is heavier etc.

It is cancer on the cotton that fusarium wilt and verticillium wilt (be called for short two wither disease) are commonly called as, and effect of chemical control is bad; Breeding resistant variety is a cost-effective approach, but the upland cotton that existing area under cultivation reaches more than 90% does not have anti-preferably source, and control efficiency also is subjected to certain limitation; Trichoderma, bacillus etc. have certain antagonism to two germs that wither, when by those cotton not being had in cotton shoot root portion or the vascular bundle after harm or the lighter antagonism bacterium of harm capture, two germs that wither are difficult to infect cotton seedling again, but antagonism bacterium one is that the antagonism of itself is limited, the 2nd, the interference of other non-antagonism bacterium in application because in the soil, effect is not ideal, and Trichoderma also has certain influence to the germination of cotton seed in addition.

Summary of the invention

Present technique is at the problems referred to above, be mixed into the agglomerating matrix that to bond by 5～50%, 1～50%, 1～50%, 1～50% and 0.1～5% volume ratio respectively with the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite, clay and antagonism bacterium A etc., be placed in the seedling-cultivating tray, in being full of the seedling-cultivating tray hole of matrix, broadcast again into cotton seeds; Need not under the situation of water as carrier, directly the seedling-cultivating tray that will sow places and carries out seedling management on the nonirrigated farmland; Irregularly use antagonism bacterium B, C and root-growing agent behind the neat seedling of cotton, treat that cotton reaches when suiting seedling age, root band 1～50g matrix of the cotton seedling of every strain is transplanted to the land for growing field crops.

Present technique also proposes repeatedly to use two or more antagonism bacterium during cotton does not have native rice seedling on upland field, to reduce by two germ the infecting cotton plant of withering.Before using antagonism bacterium A, other composition to matrix carries out disinfection to reduce the interference of assorted bacterium earlier, and it is cotton seed to be germinateed do not have the microorganism of influence substantially that antagonism bacterium A requires; Treat irregularly to use antagonism bacterium B, C behind the neat seedling, they can be cotton seed to be germinateed have the microorganism of certain influence, and the independent application effect of antagonism bacterium is limited, and composite application can provide its effect.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

Be mixed into matrix by 30%, 25%, 24%, 20% and 1% volume ratio in the Jingmen, Hubei respectively with the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite, clay and antagonism bacterium A in April, 2007, be placed in the seedling-cultivating tray, in being full of the seedling-cultivating tray hole of matrix, broadcast again into cotton seeds, place the seedling-cultivating tray of having sowed on the nonirrigated farmland and build the seedbed, sprayed antagonism bacterium B, C and root-growing agent behind the neat seedling of cotton every 7 days, treat cotton reach two leaves wholeheartedly the time carrying substrates be transplanted to the land for growing field crops, comparing one with the nutritive cube cotton is to save about 2 of recruitments between nursery stage; The 2nd, need not to make nutritive cube, labour intensity greatly descends, and has certain realistic meaning to alleviating current rural area strong labour power shortage.

Embodiment 2:

In April, 2007 is at Xiangfan City, the Hubei peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite, clay and antagonism bacterium A are respectively by 30%, 25%, 24%, 20% and 1% volume ratio is mixed into matrix, be placed in the seedling-cultivating tray, in being full of the seedling-cultivating tray hole of matrix, broadcast again into cotton seeds, place the seedling-cultivating tray of having sowed on the nonirrigated farmland and build the seedbed, sprayed antagonism bacterium B behind the neat seedling of cotton every 7 days, C and root-growing agent, treat cotton reach two leaves wholeheartedly the time carrying substrates be transplanted to the land for growing field crops, do not have native rice seedling on upland field with cotton and compared seedling-slowing stage short 7～10 days, thereafter growing process all shifts to an earlier date to some extent, on average increases production 7.5%.

Embodiment 3:

Be mixed into matrix by 30%, 25%, 24%, 20% and 1% volume ratio in the changde, hunan city respectively with the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite, clay and antagonism bacterium A in April, 2007, be placed in the seedling-cultivating tray, in being full of the seedling-cultivating tray hole of matrix, broadcast again into cotton seeds, place the seedling-cultivating tray of having sowed on the nonirrigated farmland and build the seedbed, sprayed antagonism bacterium B, C and root-growing agent behind the neat seedling of cotton every 7 days, treat cotton reach two leaves wholeheartedly the time carrying substrates be transplanted to the land for growing field crops, do not have native rice seedling on watered bed with cotton and compare 28 yuan of every mu of minimizing investments, and easy and simple to handle, few snail harm.

Embodiment 4:

In April, 2007 is at Jingzhou City, Hubei peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite, clay and antagonism bacterium A are respectively by 30%, 25%, 24%, 20% and 1% volume ratio is mixed into matrix, be placed in the seedling-cultivating tray, in being full of the seedling-cultivating tray hole of matrix, broadcast again into cotton seeds, place the seedling-cultivating tray of having sowed on the nonirrigated farmland and build the seedbed, sprayed antagonism bacterium B behind the neat seedling of cotton every 7 days, C and root-growing agent, treat cotton reach two leaves wholeheartedly the time carrying substrates be transplanted to the land for growing field crops, with the nutritive cube cotton that does not inoculate the antagonism bacterium, cotton does not have native rice seedling on upland field, cotton does not have cotton that native rice seedling on watered bed and carrying substrates transplant and does not have native rice seedling on upland field and compare, withered, the verticillium wilt diseased plant rate reduces 25.1 respectively, 14.3,18.7, have only 8.7% with 21.7 percentage points.

Claims

1, the cotton of a kind of carrying substrates transplanting and tool antagonism does not have native rice seedling on upland field technology, it is characterized in that: be mixed into the agglomerating matrix that to bond by a certain percentage with the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite, clay and antagonism bacterium A etc., be placed in the seedling-cultivating tray, in being full of the seedling-cultivating tray hole of matrix, broadcast again into cotton seeds; Need not under the situation of water as carrier, directly the seedling-cultivating tray that will sow places and carries out seedling management on the nonirrigated farmland; Irregularly use antagonism bacterium B, C and root-growing agent behind the neat seedling of cotton (cotyledon is open and flat), carrying substrates is transplanted to the land for growing field crops when treating that cotton reaches suitable seedling age.

2, the cotton of a kind of according to claim 1 carrying substrates transplanting and tool antagonism does not have native rice seedling on upland field technology, and it is characterized in that: this technology is applicable to cotton crop.

3, the cotton of a kind of according to claim 1 carrying substrates transplanting and tool antagonism does not have native rice seedling on upland field technology, it is characterized in that: the seedling-cultivating tray that cotton seeds and matrix will be housed places on the nonirrigated farmland grows seedlings, and need not to place water to grow seedlings seedling-cultivating tray with water as carrier.

4, a kind of according to claim 1 carrying substrates is transplanted and the cotton of tool antagonism does not have native rice seedling on upland field technology, it is characterized in that: be mixed into the agglomerating matrix that can bond by 5～50%, 1～50%, 1～50%, 1～50% and 0.1～5% volume ratio respectively with the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite, clay and antagonism bacterium A etc.

5, a kind of according to claim 1 carrying substrates is transplanted and the cotton of tool antagonism does not have native rice seedling on upland field technology, it is characterized in that: irregularly use antagonism bacterium B, C and root-growing agent behind the neat seedling of cotton, until cotton transplantation of seedlings before the land for growing field crops.

6, the cotton of a kind of according to claim 1 carrying substrates transplanting and tool antagonism does not have native rice seedling on upland field technology, it is characterized in that: treat that cotton growth arrives when suiting seedling age, root band 1～50g matrix of the cotton seedling of every strain is transplanted to the land for growing field crops.

7, transplant as a kind of carrying substrates as described in the claim 4,5 and the cotton of tool antagonism does not have native rice seedling on upland field technology, it is characterized in that: between nursery stage, repeatedly use the two or more microorganisms that cotton wilt and verticillium wilt are had antagonism, to reduce the dip-dye of wilt and verticillium wilt pathogen, reduce the generation of cotton wilt and verticillium wilt to cotton.