CN109197137B

CN109197137B - Fruit tree fruit picking device

Info

Publication number: CN109197137B
Application number: CN201811289431.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨未; 陈思远; 杨博淋; 邱豪; 蒋锦程
Original assignee: Yangtze Normal University
Current assignee: Yangtze Normal University
Priority date: 2018-10-31
Filing date: 2018-10-31
Publication date: 2020-10-30
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-31
Also published as: CN109197137A

Abstract

The invention discloses a fruit tree fruit picking device, which comprises a picking ladder body and is characterized in that the picking ladder body comprises a horizontal supporting plate at the upper end, and three supporting legs which incline downwards and are distributed in an equilateral triangle shape in the horizontal direction are hinged to the supporting plate; the lower ends of the supporting legs are correspondingly provided with fixing mechanisms one by one and are used for being connected and fixed with the ground; and be equipped with the horizontally step between middle supporting legs and rather than the relative both sides supporting legs separately in order to form the climbing face separately, two climbing are personally submitted and are intersected the setting, just deviate from the vertical conveyer that middle supporting legs was equipped with vertical setting between two climbing faces and be used for vertical transportation to ground with fruit. The invention has the advantages of better stability, more compact structure and better adaptability to use under hilly landforms.

Description

Fruit tree fruit picking device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fruit picking; in particular to a fruit picking device for fruit trees.

Background

China is the first major fruit producing country in the world and the first major fruit consuming country in the world, and the rapid development of the fruit planting industry promotes the market demand of orchard machinery. The labor force used in the traditional manual picking operation accounts for 33% -50% of the labor force used in the whole production process, the majority of fruit picking in China is mainly manual picking at present, most of orchards in south China are in hilly and mountainous areas, the picking is limited in hilly and mountainous areas, places capable of being mechanically picked are few, and the mechanized operation is basically blank.

The domestic Xiaonong economic orchard is different from the foreign large-scale planting orchard, and compared with the application, the research on orchard harvesting mechanization is also late. Orchard picking machinery began to be researched from the 20 th century to the 70 th century, and mechanical vibration type hawthorn fruit picking machines, air bag type fruit picking devices, handheld electric fruit picking devices and the like were successively developed while foreign orchard machinery was introduced. After the 80 s, cutting-type pickers began to be studied and manufactured, enabling picking using mechanical devices. Cutting pickers and shaking pickers powered by micro-motors have ensued. Wherein the cutting type picking device is time-saving and labor-saving and has little damage to fruits. After which there are more auxiliary devices. Such as a hydraulic pruning lifting platform. Is used for adjusting the working position and is beneficial to picking operation. Beginning in the 90 s, a number of simple pickers appeared. The development of the portable fruit grading picker for picking fruits such as apples, pears, peaches and the like changes the defects of high labor intensity, high fruit damage rate, high labor cost and the like in the past, improves the picking accuracy of fruit growers, shortens the picking time, and simultaneously generates a tractor-carried lifter for picking fruits, the lifting height of which can reach 7 m. With the further integration of orchard mechanical technology, in 2007, the first multifunctional orchard operation machine, namely, the LG-l type multifunctional orchard operation machine, was developed. The self-propelled working machine integrates the functions of picking, pruning, spraying, transporting, power generation and the like. A medlar picking machine suitable for being operated by a single person is developed in 2009. In 2010, a 4 YS-24 type red date harvester was developed, because the T work quality of the machine is mainly determined by vibration effect, and the vibration effect is related to various factors. Therefore, in addition to carrying out a plurality of experimental researches on the fruit-bearing fruit-. And then, a simulated hand wolfberry picking machine appears in sequence, and the picking speed is 7-8 times of that of a human. The picking rate of the picking spring-suction type sea-buckthorn fruit picker is over 90 percent. The development of the 4 FZ-30 type self-propelled tomato harvester lays a foundation for promoting the localization process of the tomato harvester. Taiwan province in China improves and develops agricultural implements suitable for the operating characteristics of sloping fields in order to implement mechanization and labor-saving operation on sloping field orchards. The self-propelled traction vibration fruit picker is successfully developed.

However, most southern fruit plantations in China are in narrow mountains and hills and are limited by sloping terrain, and suitable picking machines are few and basically depend on manual picking. And the problems of labor waste and operation danger are more prominent than those of the flat picking machine, and more scientific research institutes and institutions are required to invest more energy to carry out corresponding research. The ladder is picked to the manpower dependence mainly in the harvesting of southern hilly area to fruit, reasonable transportation to ground of fruit that need pick the high altitude in this kind of picking mode, mostly set up spiral slideway and transport fruit to ground among the prior art, this kind of mode is transporting fruit one by one, can experience the collision many times with the slide between the fruit in spiral slideway to and there is very big impact force when falling into the basket that holds fruit from spiral slideway's export, thereby the integrality of picking fruit has been reduced.

Moreover, the design of combining the picking ladder and the conveying device has the following problems that the conveying device and the picking ladder are installed together, the original center of the picking ladder can be changed, and the stability of the original picking ladder is damaged.

Therefore, how to provide a fruit tree picking device which has better stability and more compact structure and can be better suitable for being used under hilly landforms becomes a technical problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: how to provide a stability better, the structure is compacter, the fruit tree fruit harvesting device that uses under adaptation hilly landform that can be better.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a fruit tree fruit picking device comprises a picking ladder body and is characterized in that the picking ladder body comprises a horizontal supporting plate at the upper end, and three supporting legs which incline downwards and are distributed in an equilateral triangle shape in the horizontal direction are hinged to the supporting plate; the lower ends of the supporting legs are correspondingly provided with fixing mechanisms one by one and are used for being connected and fixed with the ground; and be equipped with the horizontally step between middle supporting legs and rather than the relative both sides supporting legs separately in order to form the climbing face separately, two climbing are personally submitted and are intersected the setting, just deviate from the vertical conveyer that middle supporting legs was equipped with vertical setting between two climbing faces and be used for vertical transportation to ground with fruit.

Like this, three supporting legs that incline downwards are equilateral triangle distribution on the horizontal plane, and three supporting legs wholly form vertical rhombus structure to be equipped with the horizontally terraced board separately between middle supporting leg and rather than the both sides supporting leg relative and in order to form two crossing climbing faces, be equipped with the vertical conveyer of vertical setting between two climbing faces and be used for vertical transportation to ground with fruit. Because of wholly being triangular pyramid structure to two sets of ladders and vertical conveyer also are triangular distribution, and two sets of ladders and vertical conveyer form the three vertical surface of triangular pyramid on the whole separately, and such distribution structure can make the center of whole device lower, has better stability. And the fixing mechanism can make the utility model better adapt to the use under the hilly landform.

As optimization, the supporting legs comprise a plurality of supporting tubes which incline upwards and are sequentially connected end to end in the inclining direction, any two supporting tubes which are adjacent in the inclining direction are nested in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the two supporting tubes which are nested with each other can axially slide, and a supporting tube axial locking structure is arranged between the two supporting tubes which are nested with each other to lock the axial sliding between the two nested supporting tubes; the ladder plates are correspondingly arranged between the corresponding left and right paired supporting tubes; the step includes mutually independent step left side section and step right side section, but the outer end of step left side section and step right side section vertical pivoted respectively articulates in the stay tube that corresponds, overlaps in step left side section the inner with step right side section the inner and be equipped with the connecting pipe in order to link up both, and the length of connecting pipe is less than half of step length to make can remove the linking between step left side section and the step right side section behind the connecting pipe horizontal slip.

Like this, pick ladder device when using, the stay tube that will be nested setting each other slides the back each other to make two each other for nested setting and will be located the lower extreme of inboard stay tube and lock in the upper end that is located the outside stay tube, can be according to the citrus tree height of difference, go to select to slide the group number that is the stay tube that nested setting each other, make and pick the ladder body and extend to different height, so that whole fruit is picked the ladder and can be adapted to plucking the citrus tree of co-altitude not. Then the connecting pipe is horizontally slid to the space between the left ladder board section and the right ladder board section so as to enable the left ladder board section and the right ladder board section to be connected together. And when will pick the ladder body and draw in, it has compact structure, and occupation space is little, can be more convenient shift the ladder of picking under uneven topography such as mountain region hills, has the advantage of convenient transport.

As optimization, through hinge connection between the left section of the stair board and the right section of the stair board, the left half hinge and the right half hinge are respectively connected and fixed on the upper surfaces of the inner ends of the left section of the stair board and the right section of the stair board, so that the left section of the stair board and the right section of the stair board can respectively rotate vertically downwards by using the corresponding supporting tubes as rotating centers.

Therefore, when the picking ladder body is folded, the left ladder plate section and the right ladder plate section are in V-shaped structures, and the picking ladder is convenient to use; simultaneously still must the pulling force that bears that can be better between the riser left side section and the riser right side section for the load effect is better, and is more stable behind the atress.

As optimization, a connecting sleeve is sleeved on the upper end of the corresponding supporting tube, and the inner circumferential wall of the connecting sleeve is of a stepped hole structure to form a stepped surface for abutting against and supporting the upper end surface of the supporting tube; the outer ends of the left ladder board section and the right ladder board section are respectively hinged on the corresponding connecting sleeves.

In this way, the vertical downward sliding of the ladder boards on the support pipes can be better limited. The supporting stress of the supporting tube on the ladder board is more reasonable. Simultaneously, make the sliding distance of two support tubes of nested each other longer for pick the ladder body and can have bigger height, and when making the ladder body of picking draw in, the structure is compacter.

As optimization, a cylindrical gasket made of rubber materials is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the connecting sleeve.

Like this, the surface of protection stay tube that can be fine for whole ladder of picking relies on more.

Preferably, the axial locking structure of the supporting tube comprises positioning holes arranged at two ends of the supporting tube and a bolt, and the front end of the bolt can extend into the respective positioning holes of the two supporting tubes which are nested with each other so as to lock the lower end of the supporting tube positioned at the inner side to the upper end of the supporting tube positioned at the outer side.

Thus, the support tube axial locking structure is simpler. Can conveniently lock the lower end of the inner side supporting tube in the upper end of the outer side supporting tube.

As optimization, the outer side of the connecting sleeve in the circumferential direction extends outwards to form a connecting block, and the connecting block is used for being connected with the corresponding end part of the ladder board; just the cross-section of connecting block is the rectangle design, is equipped with the mounting groove that sets up along its self length direction on the connecting block lower surface, follows the length direction of mounting groove installs the bolt, just self axial slip can be followed so that the front end of bolt passes the hole of stepping down that is equipped with on the adapter sleeve and insert in the locating hole that two support tubes that set up nested each other had separately.

Therefore, the connecting block used for being connected with the corresponding end part of the ladder board is arranged on the connecting sleeve, so that the connection between the ladder board and the connecting sleeve can be more convenient. And, when locking two support pipes nested into each other, the vertical upward sliding of the ladder boards is also locked. The additional step of arranging a step positioning mechanism to limit the vertical upward sliding of the step is saved. Has the advantages of simple structure and saving components.

As an optimization, a sleeve is fixedly arranged at one end, deviating from the connecting sleeve, of the mounting groove, the sleeve and the plug are coaxially arranged, and the end, deviating from the connecting sleeve, of the plug is in slidable plug-in fit in the sleeve.

Therefore, the installation of the plug pin is more stable, and the work of the plug pin is more reliable.

As an optimization, inserting grooves are pairwise arranged on two side walls of the mounting groove, which are far away from one end of the connecting sleeve, mounting plates are inserted and mounted in the inserting grooves, mounting holes are formed in the mounting plates, and the sleeves are inserted and mounted in the mounting holes.

Like this, conveniently with sleeve pipe installation in the mounting groove, and make things convenient for the dismouting of mounting panel, sleeve pipe and bolt.

As an optimization, a limiting plate is connected to the end face of one end, deviating from the connecting sleeve, of the sleeve, a coil spring is arranged between the inner side face of the limiting plate and the plug pin, and two ends of the coil spring are respectively supported on the inner side face of the limiting plate and the end face of the plug pin in an abutting mode.

Like this for the bolt can be better stretch into to let the hole, locating hole and bolt downthehole, make the work of bolt more reliable. Make whole picking ladder safer when using.

As optimization, an operation hole is formed in the side face of the connecting block, and the operation hole is perpendicular to the installation groove and communicated with the installation groove.

Like this, can make things convenient for the axial to stir the bolt for the bolt is in operating condition, and the bolt that also conveniently relieves is to the locking of stay tube and step.

As optimization, horizontal hinge holes are respectively formed in the left section of the ladder plate and the right section of the ladder plate, a horizontal hinge shaft is arranged on the vertical side face of the connecting block, the hinge shaft is rotatably inserted into the corresponding hinge hole, the outer end of the hinge shaft is a thread section and extends to the outside of the hinge hole, and a limiting nut is connected with the outer end of the hinge shaft through threads.

Like this, pick the ladder body when drawing in, can more add the rotation that makes things convenient for ladder board left side section and ladder board right side section vertical and accomplish and fold up, and make ladder board left side section and ladder board right side section be difficult for breaking away from the articulated shaft that corresponds to increase the security of using.

Preferably, a horizontal connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting block, and the connecting shaft bends downwards and then extends outwards to form the hinge shaft.

Therefore, the structure of the articulated shaft is simpler, and the bearing effect is better.

Preferably, the vertical conveying device comprises a bearing plate horizontally fixed at the upper end of the picking ladder body, one end of the bearing plate extends outwards to form a section of suspended mounting plate, a gear capable of vertically rotating is arranged on the mounting plate, and a locking mechanism is arranged on one axial side of the gear on the mounting plate and used for limiting the rotation of the gear; an overall annular conveying toothed belt is wound on the gear, one end of the conveying toothed belt, far away from the gear, extends downwards and is positioned above the lower end face of the picking ladder body at intervals, and an article placing container with an upward opening is fixed on the outer side face, far away from the picking ladder body, of the conveying toothed belt; and the vertical rotation of gear can drive the conveying toothed belt and put the thing container and use conveying toothed belt self profile as the orbit and remove.

Like this, when being applied to the oranges and tangerines under uneven topography such as mountain region hills with the fruit tree fruit harvesting device of above-mentioned structure and picking, be provided with at the lower extreme of picking the ladder and be used for with the fixed establishment in ground, can make whole picking ladder more stable place on uneven subaerial such as mountain region hills for its adaptation that can be better is gathered citrus tree under uneven topography such as mountain region hills. Taking picking citrus as an example; the workman is when using the harvesting ladder of above-mentioned structure to carry out the operation, stand on the harvesting ladder, the rotating gear is so that put the thing container and be located same horizontal direction with the harvesting ladder body, reuse locking mechanism is with the rotation of restriction gear in order to restrict and put the vertical height of thing container, gather oranges and tangerines again, after picking oranges and tangerines from the citrus tree, put into putting the thing container, wait to pick the sufficient many of oranges and tangerines of picking, fill up and put the thing container after, make the gear resume rotating at operation locking mechanism, under the effect of citrus gravity, or the workman that is located ground pulls the conveying cingulum and makes and put the vertical downstream of thing container, when putting the thing container and being located vertical below position, the oranges and tangerines that will put in the thing container take out and. Compared with the slide transmission in the prior art, the fruit picking device has the advantages that collision between fruits and impact with the slide can be better avoided, impact force generated when the fruits fall into a basket for containing the fruits from a slide outlet can also be avoided, so that the picked fruits can be better conveyed to the ground from high altitude, the completeness of the fruits can be better guaranteed, and the picking quality is improved.

Preferably, the storage containers are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the conveyor belt.

Like this, after filling with fruit in one of them thing container, under the action of gravity or under the manpower vertical carry fruit to ground after, have a vacant thing container of putting all the time to be located vertical upper end, can make things convenient for in the continuous thing container of putting into corresponding after picking fruit, have the advantage that facilitates the use more.

As optimization, the mounting panel includes the outside curb plate that extends of two levels of outer end and makes whole mounting panel be the U-shaped structure in the horizontal direction, and installs horizontally and vertical pivoted pivot between the board of both sides, the gear is located between the board of both sides and installs in the pivot, and the interval of board of both sides is greater than the width of putting the thing container and forms the passageway that supplies the conveying cingulum and put the vertical passing of thing container.

Like this, can make things convenient for more to install gear, conveying cingulum and put the thing container, formation that can be better supplies conveying cingulum and puts the passageway that the thing container is vertical to better restrict conveying cingulum and the ascending swing of putting the thing container horizontal direction, make overall structure more stable when using. And the interference between avoiding conveying the toothed belt and putting the thing container and picking the ladder body that can be better, the structure is more reasonable.

As optimization, the two side plates are respectively connected with the horizontal installation pipe, the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively rotatably inserted into the installation pipes, one end of the rotating shaft, which deviates from the locking mechanism, extends to the outside of the corresponding installation pipe and is bent for the second time to form a power input end for driving the gear to vertically rotate.

Like this, can make things convenient for manual going running gear more to reach the adjustment and put the vertical height of thing container, have more laborsaving, advantage that facilitates the use more.

Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a locking seat fixedly arranged on the mounting pipe, a horizontal insertion hole is formed in the locking seat, a locking pin is slidably arranged in the insertion hole, and the axis of the locking pin and the axis of the gear are arranged in parallel; a limiting hole is formed in the end face, opposite to the locking pin, of the gear, and the axis of the limiting hole and the axis of the gear are arranged at intervals; the rear end of the locking pin is connected with an operating rod which extends upwards to the outside of the locking seat, the operating rod can drive the locking pin to slide along the axial direction of the jack, the front end of the locking pin can be inserted into the limiting hole and separated from the limiting hole, and therefore the limiting gear can vertically rotate and the limiting gear can be vertically rotated.

Therefore, the locking mechanism is simpler in structure, and an operator can conveniently operate the operating rod to enable the bolt to limit the vertical rotation of the gear and to release the vertical rotation of the limiting gear; and the bolt is inserted into the limiting hole on the gear to limit the rotation of the gear, so that the gear fixing device has the advantages of simple structure and reliable work.

Preferably, a plug is arranged in the jack at a position spaced from the rear end face of the locking pin, a horizontal thrust mechanism is arranged between the plug and the rear end face of the locking pin to push the locking pin to move forwards along the axial direction of the jack, and a limiting structure is arranged between the locking pin and the jack and can prevent the locking pin from being separated from the outer end of the jack.

Like this, through setting up a horizontal thrust mechanism with the axial that promotes the bolt and move along the jack forward, can be better make the bolt keep inserting spacing downthehole, even receive vibrations also can be fine keep the bolt in operating position.

Preferably, the limiting structure comprises a circle of inner steps arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the outer end of the locking pin, the inner circumference radius of the inner steps is larger than or equal to the radius of the locking pin, a circle of outer steps are arranged on the outer end of the locking pin, and the radius of the outer steps is smaller than or equal to the inner circumference radius of the insertion hole; the horizontal thrust mechanism can drive the locking pin to move outwards along the axial direction of the jack until the side face of the inner step is attached to the side face of the outer step so as to limit the locking pin to continue moving outwards along the axial direction of the jack.

Like this, limit structure is simpler, and work is more reliable.

Preferably, the horizontal thrust mechanism is a first spiral spring, and two ends of the first spiral spring are respectively abutted and supported on the rear end face of the locking pin and the inner side face of the plug.

Thus, the horizontal thrust mechanism is set to be a spiral spring, so that the horizontal thrust can be better and continuously provided to enable the bolt to move forwards horizontally, and the bolt is more reliable in working.

As optimization, the action bars is the slope and upwards sets up, and the lower extreme of action bars articulates the rear end of connecting in the bolt, still is equipped with the connecting rod between action bars and the locking seat, and the both ends of connecting rod articulate respectively and connect on action bars and locking seat and make bolt, action bars and connecting rod form the triangle-shaped structure jointly.

Thus, by applying a horizontal forward pushing force on the upper end of the lever, the lower end of the lever moves in the opposite direction to the pushing force and moves the latch rearward to contact the limit of gear rotation. Has the advantage of convenient operation.

Preferably, the upper end of the operating rod is bent obliquely downwards to form an operating handle.

Therefore, the upper end of the operating rod forms an operating handle, and the force application of an operator can be facilitated.

Preferably, the front end of the locking pin at least has a friction section with a part of length section made of rubber material, and the front end face of the friction section can be supported on the corresponding side face of the gear in an abutting mode so as to control the rotating speed of the gear.

Like this, behind the spacing hole on the stop pin breaks away from the gear, through operation operating handle for the front end terminal surface butt of stop pin is in the side of gear, in order to reach the size of control locking pin to gear side butt power, makes the rotational speed that can more conveniently control the gear, thereby the speed of control conveying toothed belt overhead object container vertical migration makes it can be more steady with the vertical transportation to ground of fruit.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention (wedge and second linear bearing are not shown).

Fig. 2 is a left side view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 1.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the locking mechanism of FIG. 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the connection of the left and right flights of fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the connecting sleeve part in fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a front view of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the fixing mechanism in fig. 1.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the fixing mechanism of fig. 1 (the wedge and the second linear bearing are not shown).

Fig. 12 is a left side view of fig. 11.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the specific implementation: as shown in fig. 1 to 12, a fruit picking device for fruit trees comprises a picking ladder body, and is characterized in that the picking ladder body comprises a horizontal support plate 55 at the upper end, and three support legs 56 which are inclined downwards and distributed in an equilateral triangle shape in the horizontal direction are hinged on the support plate; the lower ends of the supporting legs are correspondingly provided with fixing mechanisms one by one and are used for being connected and fixed with the ground; and be equipped with horizontal step 58 between middle supporting legs and rather than the relative both sides supporting legs separately in order to form the climbing face separately, two climbing are personally submitted and are crossing the setting, and the one side that just deviates from middle supporting legs between two climbing faces is equipped with the vertical conveyer of vertical setting and is used for vertical transportation to ground with fruit.

As an optimization, the supporting foot comprises a plurality of supporting tubes 57 which incline upwards and are sequentially connected end to end in the inclining direction, any two supporting tubes which are adjacent in the inclining direction are nested in one-to-one correspondence, the two supporting tubes which are nested with each other can axially slide, and a supporting tube axial locking structure is arranged between the two supporting tubes which are nested with each other to lock the axial sliding between the two supporting tubes which are nested with each other; the ladder plates 58 are correspondingly arranged between the corresponding left and right paired supporting pipes; the riser includes mutually independent riser left side section 59 and riser right side section 60, but the outer end of riser left side section and riser right side section vertical rotation hinges in the stay tube that corresponds respectively, overlaps in the inner cover of riser left side section the inner and riser right side section and is equipped with connecting pipe 61 in order to link up both, and the length of connecting pipe is less than half of riser length to make can remove the linking between riser left side section and the riser right side section after with connecting pipe horizontal slip.

In this embodiment, through hinge 62 connection between ladder board left side section 59 and the ladder board right side section 60, half left hinge and half right hinge are connected respectively and are fixed in the inner upper surface of ladder board left side section and ladder board right side section for ladder board left side section and ladder board right side section can use corresponding stay tube vertical downwardly rotating respectively as the rotation center.

In the present embodiment, a connecting sleeve 63 is sleeved on the upper end of the corresponding supporting tube, and the inner circumferential wall of the connecting sleeve is in a stepped hole structure to form a stepped surface for abutting against and supporting the upper end surface of the supporting tube; the outer ends of the left ladder board section and the right ladder board section are respectively hinged on the corresponding connecting sleeves.

In this embodiment, a cylindrical spacer made of a rubber material is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the connection sleeve 63.

In this embodiment, the axial locking structure of the supporting tube comprises positioning holes disposed at two ends of the supporting tube and a pin 64, and the front end of the pin can extend into the respective positioning holes of the two supporting tubes nested with each other, so as to lock the lower end of the inner supporting tube to the upper end of the outer supporting tube.

In this embodiment, the outer side of the connecting sleeve in the circumferential direction extends outwards to form a connecting block 65, and the connecting block is used for connecting with the corresponding end of the step; just the cross-section of connecting block is the rectangle design, is equipped with the mounting groove that sets up along its self length direction on the connecting block lower surface, follows the length direction of mounting groove installs bolt 64, just self endwise slip can be followed so that the front end of bolt passes the hole of stepping down that is equipped with on the adapter sleeve and insert in the locating hole that two support tubes that set up nested each other had separately.

In this embodiment, a sleeve 66 is fixedly mounted at an end of the mounting groove away from the connecting sleeve, the sleeve and the plug are coaxially arranged, and an end of the plug away from the connecting sleeve is slidably inserted and matched in the sleeve.

In this embodiment, insertion grooves are pairwise arranged on two side walls of the installation groove, which are away from one end of the connection sleeve, an installation plate 67 is inserted and installed in the insertion grooves, an installation hole is arranged on the installation plate, and the sleeve is inserted and installed in the installation hole.

In this specific embodiment, a limiting plate 68 is connected to an end face of the sleeve pipe, which is away from the connection sleeve, and a coil spring is disposed between the inner side face of the limiting plate and the plug pin, and two ends of the coil spring are respectively supported on the inner side face of the limiting plate and the end face of the plug pin in an abutting manner.

In this embodiment, an operation hole is provided at a side surface of the connection block 65, and the operation hole is provided perpendicular to the installation groove and communicates with the installation groove.

In this embodiment, be equipped with the horizontally hinge hole on the riser left side section and the riser right side section respectively, be equipped with horizontally articulated shaft 69 on the vertical side of connecting block, the rotatable grafting of articulated shaft is in the hinge hole that corresponds, and the outer end of articulated shaft is the screw thread section and extends to the hinge hole outside and threaded connection has stop nut.

In this embodiment, a horizontal connecting shaft 70 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting block, and the connecting shaft is bent downward and then extends outward to form the hinge shaft.

In the embodiment, the vertical transportation device comprises a bearing plate 41 horizontally fixed at the upper end of the picking ladder body, one end of the bearing plate extends outwards to form a section of suspended mounting plate 42, a gear 43 capable of vertically rotating is arranged on the mounting plate, and a locking mechanism is arranged on one axial side of the gear on the mounting plate for limiting the rotation of the gear; an overall annular conveying toothed belt 44 is wound on the gear, one end of the conveying toothed belt, far away from the gear, extends downwards and is positioned above the lower end face of the picking ladder body at intervals, and an article holding container 45 with an upward opening is fixed on the outer side face, far away from the picking ladder body, of the conveying toothed belt; and the vertical rotation of gear can drive the conveying toothed belt and put the thing container and use conveying toothed belt self profile as the orbit and remove.

Like this, when being applied to the oranges and tangerines under uneven topography such as mountain region hills with the fruit picking ladder of above-mentioned structure and picking, be provided with at the lower extreme of picking the ladder body and be used for with the fixed establishment in ground, can make whole picking ladder more stable place on uneven subaerial such as mountain region hills for its adaptation that can be better is gathered citrus tree under uneven topography such as mountain region hills. Taking picking citrus as an example; the workman is when using the harvesting ladder of above-mentioned structure to carry out the operation, stand on the harvesting ladder, the rotating gear is so that put the thing container and be located same horizontal direction with the harvesting ladder body, reuse locking mechanism is with the rotation of restriction gear in order to restrict and put the vertical height of thing container, gather oranges and tangerines again, after picking oranges and tangerines from the citrus tree, put into putting the thing container, wait to pick the sufficient many of oranges and tangerines of picking, fill up and put the thing container after, make the gear resume rotating at operation locking mechanism, under the effect of citrus gravity, or the workman that is located ground pulls the conveying cingulum and makes and put the vertical downstream of thing container, when putting the thing container and being located vertical below position, the oranges and tangerines that will put in the thing container take out and. Compared with the slide transmission in the prior art, the fruit picking device has the advantages that collision between fruits and impact with the slide can be better avoided, impact force generated when the fruits fall into a basket for containing the fruits from a slide outlet can also be avoided, so that the picked fruits can be better conveyed to the ground from high altitude, the completeness of the fruits can be better guaranteed, and the picking quality is improved. In specific implementation, the storage container is of a rectangular box body structure and comprises a box bottom plate at the lower end, sliding grooves which are longitudinally arranged are formed in the lower ends of two enclosing plates which are longitudinally arranged on the storage container, and sliding rails are arranged on the upper surface of the box bottom plate and are connected in the sliding grooves in a one-to-one correspondence manner and can longitudinally slide; when the fruit in the storage container is taken out, the fruit in the storage container can be taken out more conveniently through the box bottom plate which slides along the longitudinal direction, and the picking efficiency can be improved.

In this embodiment, the storage containers 45 are provided in plurality at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the conveyor.

In this embodiment, the mounting plate 42 includes two horizontal outward extending curb plates 46 of outer end and makes whole mounting plate be the U-shaped structure in the horizontal direction, and installs horizontally and vertical pivoted pivot 47 between the board of both sides, the gear is located between the board of both sides and installs in the pivot, and the interval of the board of both sides is greater than the width of putting the thing container and forms the passageway that supplies the conveying cingulum and put the vertical passing of thing container.

In this embodiment, connect fixed horizontally installation pipe 48 on the both sides board respectively, the rotatable grafting in separately in both ends of pivot is installed in the installation pipe, and the pivot deviates from locking mechanism's one end and extends to the outside that corresponds the installation pipe and forms power input end in order to be used for driving the vertical rotation of gear after secondary buckles.

In this embodiment, the locking mechanism includes a locking seat 49 fixedly disposed on the mounting tube, a horizontal insertion hole is disposed on the locking seat, a locking pin 50 is slidably disposed in the insertion hole, and an axis of the locking pin and an axis of the gear are disposed in parallel; a limiting hole is formed in the end face, opposite to the locking pin, of the gear, and the axis of the limiting hole and the axis of the gear are arranged at intervals; the rear end of the locking pin is connected with an operating rod 51 which extends upwards to the outside of the locking seat, the operating rod can drive the locking pin to slide along the axial direction of the jack, the front end of the locking pin can be inserted into the limiting hole and separated from the limiting hole, and therefore the vertical rotation of the limiting gear is enabled to be rotated and released.

In this embodiment, a plug is disposed in the insertion hole at a position spaced from the rear end surface of the locking pin, a horizontal thrust mechanism is disposed between the plug and the rear end surface of the locking pin 50 to push the locking pin to move forward along the axial direction of the insertion hole, and a limiting structure is disposed between the locking pin and the insertion hole, and the limiting structure can prevent the locking pin from disengaging from the outer end of the insertion hole.

In this embodiment, the limiting structure comprises a circle of inner steps arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the outer end of the locking pin 50, the inner periphery radius of the inner steps is larger than or equal to the radius of the locking pin, a circle of outer steps is arranged on the outer end of the locking pin, and the radius of the outer steps is smaller than or equal to the inner periphery radius of the insertion hole; the horizontal thrust mechanism can drive the locking pin to move outwards along the axial direction of the jack until the side face of the inner step is attached to the side face of the outer step so as to limit the locking pin to continue moving outwards along the axial direction of the jack.

Like this, limit structure is simpler, and work is more reliable.

In this embodiment, the horizontal pushing mechanism is a first coil spring 52, and both ends of the first coil spring are respectively supported in contact with the rear end surface of the locking pin and the inner side surface of the plug.

In this embodiment, the operating rod is disposed obliquely and upwardly, the lower end of the operating rod is hinged to the rear end of the locking pin, a connecting rod 53 is further disposed between the operating rod and the locking seat, and the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the operating rod and the locking seat and enable the locking pin, the operating rod and the connecting rod to form a triangular structure.

In this embodiment, the upper end of the operating rod is bent obliquely downward to form an operating handle 54.

In the present embodiment, the front end of the locking pin has at least a friction section made of rubber material in a partial length section, and the front end surface of the friction section can be supported in contact with the corresponding side surface of the gear to control the rotation speed of the gear.

Like this, after the stop pin breaks away from the jack, through operation operating handle for the front end terminal surface butt of stop pin is in the side of gear, in order to reach the size of control locking pin to gear side butt power, makes the rotational speed that can more conveniently control the gear, thereby the speed of the vertical removal of control conveying toothed belt overhead object container makes it can be more steady with the vertical transportation of fruit to ground.

In this embodiment, the fixing mechanism includes support flat plates, the support flat plates are correspondingly arranged at the lower ends of the lowermost support tubes in the picking ladder body one by one, and the lower end surfaces of the support tubes are supported on the upper surfaces of the support flat plates in an abutting manner; a downward fixing nail 24 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the supporting flat plate at a position corresponding to the supporting tube; the end of the support plate extends outward to form an extension, and a downwardly disposed piercing spike 26 is disposed on the extension.

Like this, set up the support flat board through the lower extreme at the stay tube, can make the lifting surface area increase between stay tube lower extreme and the ground for whole ladder body is picked in being difficult for sinking in earth after the atress, more stable. In addition, the downward fixing nails are arranged on the lower surface of the supporting flat plate and correspond to the supporting tubes, so that the fixing nails can be better inserted into the ground for fixing when the picking ladder body is installed; the puncture nail is arranged on the extending part formed by the outward extension of the end part of the support flat plate, so that the support flat plate can be more firmly fixed relative to the ground, and is more stable and safer when in use. Can be better adapted to the fixation of uneven ground such as mountain land hills.

In this embodiment, the support plate includes a first support plate 23 and a second support plate 25 hinged to the first support plate, the lower end surface of the support tube is supported on the first support plate in an abutting manner, the fixing nail is disposed on the first support plate, the second support plate forms the extension portion, and the piercing nail is disposed on the second support plate.

Thus, after the first support plate is contacted with the ground, the fixing nail is inserted into the ground and fixed. The second supports dull and stereotypedly to articulate with first support flat board and links to each other for the second supports dull and stereotyped can rotate an angle in vertical and pastes the contact with the uneven ground such as better messenger's second support flat board's lower surface and mountain hills mutually, thereby has increased the area of contact on whole fruit picking ladder lower extreme and ground, makes fruit picking ladder more stable when using. Make whole harvesting ladder can be better adapt to plucking to the oranges and tangerines in uneven ground areas such as mountain land hills.

In this embodiment, a through hole is vertically formed in the second support plate 25, the piercing nail 26 is slidably disposed in the through hole, and the upper end of the piercing nail has a step surface facing the second support plate and can be attached to and supported on the upper surface of the second support plate.

Like this, when installing picking ladder body, can make the department of meeting with ground that the second support is dull and stereotyped can be better. When the puncture nail punctures the ground, the puncture nail can be kept vertical to the ground, so that the length of the puncture nail inserted into the ground perpendicular to the ground is larger, and the fixing effect is better.

In the present embodiment, a pressure rod 27 is disposed above the piercing nail, one end of the pressure rod is hinged to the support tube, the middle of the pressure rod is connected to the upper end of the piercing nail and can provide a vertical pressure to the piercing nail, and one end of the pressure rod, which is far away from the support tube, extends outward and forms an operation end of the lever.

Thus, the puncture nail can be pressed down and inserted into the ground by adopting the self-contained structure without an additional tool. Has the advantage of more convenient use. The lever is adopted to press the puncture nail downwards, so that the advantages of labor saving and convenient operation are achieved.

In this embodiment, a first linear bearing 28 is sleeved at the middle position of the pressure lever, a downward push rod 29 is fixedly connected to the side of the first linear bearing opposite to the puncture nail, and the lower end of the push rod is hinged to the upper end of the puncture nail in a vertically rotatable manner.

Therefore, the motion trail of the position of the pressure lever applying force to the puncture nail is arc-shaped, and the pressure lever can always provide downward force to the puncture nail through the arranged linear bearing, so that the oblique component force is reduced, and the device has the advantage of saving more labor. And the linear bearing can rotate along the axial direction of the pressure rod, so that when the puncture nail is inclined, the linear bearing can rotate to better apply pressure to the puncture nail.

In this embodiment, a protrusion 30 that is upwardly disposed and extends into the support tube is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the first support plate, a connection hole is disposed at the upper end of the protrusion, a hinge shaft disposed along the diameter direction of the support tube is disposed in the connection hole, and both ends of the hinge shaft respectively extend outward and are inserted into insertion holes disposed in the support tube.

Like this, conveniently be connected first dull and stereotyped and supporting legs detachable of support, and the relation of connection of first dull and stereotyped and supporting legs is more reliable.

In this embodiment, a vertically arranged elongated hole is disposed at a position on the support tube corresponding to the protrusion, and the inner end of the pressure lever 27 extends into the support leg from the elongated hole and is hinged to the protrusion 30 in a vertically rotatable manner.

Like this, the transmission of the power between first support flat board and the second support flat board is more reasonable, and the performance second that can be better supports the connection effect dull and stereotyped and ground for whole ladder of picking is more stable.

In the present embodiment, a wedge 31 is slidably provided on the pressing rod in the axial direction thereof, and the wedge can slide axially inward along the axial direction of the pressing rod, and the upper surface of the wedge is supported in abutment with the upper peripheral wall of the elongated hole.

Therefore, after the operation pressing rod drives the puncture nail to vertically move and lock the second supporting flat plate, the upper surface of the wedge block is supported on the upper peripheral wall of the strip hole in an abutting mode, the pressing rod can be vertically rotated and fixed, and a quadrangle is formed by the connecting block, the pressing rod, the puncture nail, the first supporting flat plate and the second supporting flat plate in a surrounding mode. And the hinge joint between the first support flat plate and the second support flat plate can rotate, when the first support flat plate and the second support flat plate rotate in opposite directions, the first support flat plate sequentially transmits force to the connecting block and the pressure rod, and the second support flat plate sequentially transmits force to the puncture nail and the pressure rod, and can offset each other, so that the fixing effect of the whole fixing structure is better.

In this embodiment, a second linear bearing 32 is further sleeved on the pressing rod, and the wedge 31 is fixedly arranged on the circumferential surface of the second linear bearing.

Like this, can make things convenient for the voussoir to follow the pressure bar axial and inwards slide, and can also conveniently carry out vertical rotation to the voussoir to make the butt that the upper surface of voussoir can be better support on the upper peripheral wall in rectangular hole.

In this embodiment, the downward length of the piercing spike 26 is greater than the downward length of the fixation spike.

Thus, the design is more reasonable, and the stability performance is better.

In this embodiment, the lower end of the piercing nail is a pointed knife structure disposed downward.

In this way, the insertion of the piercing spike into the ground can be facilitated.

In this embodiment, the support tube is a circular tube made of a metal material.

Like this, can make the weight of whole harvesting ladder body lighter, adopt the pipe can be more convenient will pick the ladder body and draw in simultaneously. Make the ladder body of picking have the quality light, the advantage of drawing in more easily to convenience that can be more carries the transfer in uneven topography such as mountain region hills.

In this embodiment, a downward projection is provided on the lower surface of the first support plate.

Like this for can be bigger with the area of ground contact on the dull and stereotyped lower surface of first support, and the slip between the dull and stereotyped and ground of preventing that bellied position can be better makes the atress of whole first support flat board more even, and fixed effect is better.

Claims

1. A fruit tree fruit picking device comprises a picking ladder body and is characterized in that the picking ladder body comprises a horizontal supporting plate (55) at the upper end, and three supporting legs (56) which incline downwards and are distributed in an equilateral triangle shape in the horizontal direction are hinged to the supporting plate; horizontal ladder plates (58) are respectively arranged between the middle supporting foot and the two supporting feet opposite to the middle supporting foot to respectively form climbing surfaces, the two climbing surfaces are arranged in an intersecting manner, a vertically arranged vertical conveying device is arranged between the two climbing surfaces and on one side deviating from the middle supporting foot and is used for vertically conveying fruits to the ground, each supporting foot comprises a plurality of supporting tubes (57) which incline upwards and are sequentially connected end to end in the inclining direction, any two supporting tubes adjacent to each other in the inclining direction are nested one to one, the two supporting tubes nested with each other can axially slide, and a supporting tube axial locking structure is arranged between the two supporting tubes nested with each other to lock the axial sliding between the two supporting tubes nested with each other; the ladder plates (58) are arranged between the corresponding left and right paired supporting pipes in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the ladder plate comprises a left ladder plate section (59) and a right ladder plate section (60) which are mutually independent, the outer ends of the left ladder plate section and the right ladder plate section can be respectively hinged to the corresponding supporting tubes in a vertically rotating mode, a connecting pipe (61) is sleeved at the inner end of the left ladder plate section and the inner end of the right ladder plate section to connect the left ladder plate section and the right ladder plate section, and the length of the connecting pipe is smaller than half of the length of the ladder plate, so that the connection between the left ladder plate section and the right ladder plate section can be released after the connecting pipe is horizontally slid;

the vertical conveying device comprises a bearing plate (41) horizontally fixed at the upper end of the picking ladder body, one end of the bearing plate extends outwards to form a section of suspended mounting plate (42), a gear (43) capable of vertically rotating is arranged on the mounting plate, and a locking mechanism is arranged on one axial side of the gear on the mounting plate to limit the rotation of the gear; an overall annular conveying toothed belt (44) is wound on the gear, one end of the conveying toothed belt, which is far away from the gear, extends downwards and is positioned above the lower end face of the picking ladder body at intervals, and an upward-opening storage container (45) is fixed on the outer side face, which is far away from the picking ladder body, of the conveying toothed belt; the gear rotates vertically to drive the conveying toothed belt and the storage container to move by taking the profile of the conveying toothed belt as a track;

the article placing containers (45) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the conveying toothed belt;

the lower ends of the supporting legs are correspondingly provided with fixing mechanisms and are used for being connected and fixed with the ground, the fixing mechanisms comprise supporting flat plates, the supporting flat plates are correspondingly arranged at the lower ends of the supporting tubes at the lowest part in the picking ladder body, and the lower end surfaces of the supporting tubes are abutted and supported on the upper surfaces of the supporting flat plates; downward fixing nails (24) are fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the supporting flat plate at positions corresponding to the supporting tubes; the end part of the support flat plate extends outwards to form an extension part, and a puncture nail (26) arranged downwards is arranged on the extension part; the support flat plate comprises a first support flat plate (23) and a second support flat plate (25) which is hinged with the first support flat plate, the lower end face of the support tube is supported on the first support flat plate in an abutting mode, the fixing nail is arranged on the first support flat plate, the second support flat plate forms the extension part, and the puncture nail is arranged on the second support flat plate.

2. The fruit picking device for the fruit trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the left ladder section (59) and the right ladder section (60) are connected by hinges (62), and the left half hinge and the right half hinge are respectively connected and fixed on the upper surfaces of the inner ends of the left ladder section and the right ladder section, so that the left ladder section and the right ladder section can respectively rotate vertically downwards with the corresponding support tube as the rotation center.

3. The fruit picking device for fruit trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper end of the corresponding supporting tube is sleeved with a connecting sleeve (63), the inner circumferential wall of the connecting sleeve is in a stepped hole structure to form a stepped surface for abutting against the upper end surface of the supporting tube; the outer ends of the left ladder board section and the right ladder board section are respectively hinged on the corresponding connecting sleeves.

4. A fruit picking device for fruit trees as claimed in claim 3, wherein the inner circumferential surface of the connecting sleeve (63) is fixedly connected with a cylindrical spacer made of rubber.

5. A fruit picking apparatus as claimed in claim 3, in which the axial locking structure comprises locating holes at the ends of the support tube and a pin (64) having a leading end which can be inserted into the respective locating holes of the two support tubes in a nested arrangement to lock the lower end of the inner support tube to the upper end of the outer support tube.

6. The fruit picking device for fruit trees as claimed in claim 5, wherein the connecting sleeves are extended outwards from the outer side of the circumference to form connecting blocks (65) which are used for connecting with the corresponding end of the ladder; just the cross-section of connecting block is the rectangle design, is equipped with the mounting groove that sets up along its self length direction on the connecting block lower surface, follows the length direction of mounting groove installs bolt (64), just self endwise slip can be followed so that the front end of bolt passes the hole of stepping down that is equipped with on the adapter sleeve and insert in the locating hole that two spinal branch stay tubes that set up each other nestedly have separately.

7. The fruit picking device for fruit trees as claimed in claim 6, wherein a sleeve (66) is fixedly mounted on the mounting groove at the end facing away from the connecting sleeve, the sleeve and the plug are coaxially arranged, and the end of the plug facing away from the connecting sleeve is slidably inserted and fitted in the sleeve;

inserting grooves are pairwise arranged on two side walls of one end, which is far away from the connecting sleeve, of the mounting groove, a mounting plate (67) is inserted and mounted in the inserting grooves, a mounting hole is formed in the mounting plate, and the sleeve is inserted and mounted in the mounting hole;

a limiting plate (68) is connected to the end face of one end, which is far away from the connecting sleeve, of the sleeve, a spiral spring is arranged between the inner side face of the limiting plate and the plug pin, and two ends of the spiral spring are respectively abutted and supported on the inner side face of the limiting plate and the end face of the plug pin;

an operation hole is formed in the side face of the connecting block (65), and the operation hole is perpendicular to the installation groove and is communicated with the installation groove;

horizontal hinge holes are respectively formed in the left section of the ladder plate and the right section of the ladder plate, a horizontal hinge shaft (69) is arranged on the vertical side surface of the connecting block, the hinge shaft is rotatably inserted into the corresponding hinge hole, the outer end of the hinge shaft is a thread section, extends to the outside of the hinge hole and is in threaded connection with a limit nut;

and a horizontal connecting shaft (70) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting block, and the connecting shaft bends downwards and then extends outwards to form the hinged shaft.

8. The fruit picking device for fruit trees as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mounting plate (42) comprises two outer side plates (46) extending horizontally outwards and making the whole mounting plate in a U-shaped structure in the horizontal direction, a horizontal and vertically rotatable rotating shaft (47) is installed between the two side plates, the gear is located between the two side plates and installed on the rotating shaft, the distance between the two side plates is larger than the width of the storage container and forms a channel for the conveying toothed belt and the storage container to pass through vertically;

horizontal mounting pipes (48) are respectively connected and fixed on the two side plates, two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively rotatably inserted into the mounting pipes, and one end of the rotating shaft, which is far away from the locking mechanism, extends to the outside of the corresponding mounting pipe to form a power input end for driving the gear to vertically rotate;

the locking mechanism comprises a locking seat (49) fixedly arranged on the mounting pipe, a horizontal insertion hole is formed in the locking seat, a locking pin (50) is slidably arranged in the insertion hole, and the axis of the locking pin is parallel to the axis of the gear; a limiting hole is formed in the end face, opposite to the locking pin, of the gear; the rear end of the locking pin is connected with an operating rod (51) which extends out of the locking seat upwards, the operating rod can drive the locking pin to slide along the axial direction of the jack, and the front end of the locking pin can be inserted into the limiting hole and separated from the limiting hole, so that the vertical rotation of the limiting gear is limited and the vertical rotation of the limiting gear is relieved;

a plug is arranged in the jack at a position spaced from the rear end face of the locking pin, a horizontal thrust mechanism is arranged between the plug and the rear end face of the locking pin (50) to push the locking pin to move forwards along the axial direction of the jack, and a limiting structure is arranged between the locking pin and the jack and can prevent the locking pin from being separated from the outer end of the jack;

the limiting structure comprises a circle of inner steps arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the outer end of the locking pin (50), the inner peripheral radius of the inner steps is larger than or equal to the radius of the locking pin, a circle of outer steps are arranged on the outer end of the locking pin, and the radius of the outer steps is smaller than or equal to the inner peripheral radius of the insertion hole; the horizontal thrust mechanism can drive the locking pin to move outwards along the axial direction of the jack until the side face of the inner step is attached to the side face of the outer step so as to limit the locking pin to continue moving outwards along the axial direction of the jack;

the horizontal thrust mechanism is a first spiral spring (52), and two ends of the first spiral spring are respectively abutted and supported on the end surface of the rear end of the locking pin and the inner side surface of the plug;

the operating rod is obliquely and upwards arranged, the lower end of the operating rod is hinged to the rear end of the locking pin, a connecting rod (53) is further arranged between the operating rod and the locking seat, and two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the operating rod and the locking seat so that the locking pin, the operating rod and the connecting rod form a triangular structure together;

the upper end of the operating rod is bent downwards in an inclined way to form an operating handle (54);

the front end of the locking pin at least has a friction section with a part of length section made of rubber material, and the front end face of the friction section can be abutted and supported on the corresponding side face of the gear to control the rotating speed of the gear.