CN109194021A - A kind of electro spindle of five-degree-of-freedom alternating sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing - Google Patents
A kind of electro spindle of five-degree-of-freedom alternating sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109194021A CN109194021A CN201811085943.3A CN201811085943A CN109194021A CN 109194021 A CN109194021 A CN 109194021A CN 201811085943 A CN201811085943 A CN 201811085943A CN 109194021 A CN109194021 A CN 109194021A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- radial
- magnetic bearings
- active magnetic
- sextupole
- freedom
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
- H02K7/083—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
- H02K7/09—Structural association with bearings with magnetic bearings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N15/00—Holding or levitation devices using magnetic attraction or repulsion, not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of electro spindle of five-degree-of-freedom alternating sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing, including Three Degree Of Freedom active magnetic bearings, high-speed main spindle motor, two degrees of freedom active magnetic bearings, shaft, shaft and the rotor of Three Degree Of Freedom active magnetic bearings, high-speed main spindle motor, two degrees of freedom active magnetic bearings rotor concentric be fixedly connected.Three Degree Of Freedom active magnetic bearings and two degrees of freedom active magnetic bearings are all made of three-phase inverter drive control, significantly reduce the power consumption and cost of power amplification circuit, two active magnetic bearings are radially being all made of sextupole structure, so that the non-linear and coupled relation of suspension force characteristic greatly reduces, it is easier to realize accurate control.The present invention realizes friction-free rotary between motor and live spindle, has many advantages, such as without mechanical fretting wear, noiseless, low-power consumption, high speed and high-precision.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Mechanical & Electrical Transmission fields, are related to a kind of on-mechanical contact magnetic bearing electro spindle, refer in particular to one kind five certainly
By the electro spindle of degree exchange sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing, it is suitable for high speed, ultrahigh speed, high-precision numerically-controlled machine tool, in aviation
Space flight, wind-power electricity generation, biomedicine, fly wheel system and other industrial circles have broad application prospects.
Background technique
Magnetic bearing is that rotor suspension is realized to do not have any Mechanical Contact between rotor and stator in space using magnetic field force
A kind of novel high-performance bearing, have without friction, without abrasion, without lubrication and sealing, high speed, high-precision, the service life length etc.
A series of fine qualities fundamentally change traditional supporting form, when the electro spindle revolving speed of mechanical bearing bearing is excessively high,
It rubs due to existing, can generate that main shaft temperature increases, generates thermal deformation, vibration is reinforced, bearing life such as greatly shortens at a series of ask
Topic.And the characteristics of magnetic bearing, fully meets high-speed electric main shaft to high speed, high-precision, the requirement of long-life, and can be to shaft
Position carries out real-time monitoring, can also carry out active suppression to shaft vibration.
Magnetic bearing by the controlled number of degrees of freedom, that suspension rotor applies can be divided into Simple Freedom Magnetic Bearing (axial magnetic bearing),
Two degrees of freedom magnetic bearing (radial direction magnetic bearing) and Three Degree Of Freedom magnetic bearing (radial-axial magnetic bearing).By suspension magnetic force generation side
Formula can be divided into active magnetic bearings (suspending power is generated by coil current), passive magnetic bearing (suspending power is generated by permanent magnet) and mix
It closes magnetic bearing (suspending power is generated jointly by permanent magnet and coil current).Wherein active magnetic bearings provide biasing using coil simultaneously
Magnetic flux and control magnetic flux, thus magnetic field be it is controllable, biasing magnetic flux modification scope it is wide, it is possible to provide it is biggish static state bearing capacity.Mesh
Preceding major part magnetic bearing all uses quadrupole, octupole structure, and this structure driving circuit volume is big, and control is complicated, higher cost.Cause
This, these magnetic axis bearing structures limit its practical ranges in engineering.
Chinese patent (CN200810234272.2) discloses a kind of high speed electric principal shaft system of exchange magnetic bearing bearing, hands over
Stream magnetic bearing is driven by three-phase power inverter, and three-phase inverter is low in energy consumption, technology maturation, at low cost, therefore can drop significantly
Low development cycle and project cost, but the electro spindle using radial structure be three poles magnetic bearing, three pole magnetic bearings due to
The asymmetry of its structure, the non-linear and coupled relation between two freedom degrees is very strong, is unfavorable for accurately controlling.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is the advantage based on novel magnetic bearing, in order to reduce power consumption, reduce cost, improve bearing capacity,
The suspension force characteristic for improving five degree of freedom magnetic bearing, the electricity for devising a kind of five-degree-of-freedom alternating sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing are main
Axis.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of electro spindle of five-degree-of-freedom alternating sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing, including steel cylinder central axis are coaxial mounted
Shaft is successively fixedly installed with sextupole Three Degree Of Freedom active magnetic bearings, high-speed main spindle motor, sextupole two degrees of freedom in shaft actively
Magnetic bearing, the rear and front end of steel cylinder and shaft are coaxially respectively equipped with auxiliary bearing, and shaft passes through auxiliary bearing, the front and back two of shaft
End is respectively equipped with radial transducer, and the rear end of shaft is also equipped with axial sensor;The radial transducer and axial sensor
It is all made of eddy current displacement sensor;The rear and front end of the steel cylinder is all connected with end cap, coaxial with shaft at the center of end cap.
In above scheme, the sextupole Three Degree Of Freedom active magnetic bearings include axial control coil, the first radial control line
Circle, the first magnet radial poles, the first radial stator, axial stator and the first rotor are successively socketed with the first rotor, the on the outside of shaft
One radial stator, axial stator, the first radial stator axial ends are separately installed with axial control coil, the first radial stator
Inner ring surface is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction there are six the first magnet radial poles, and it is radial that first is wound in each first magnet radial poles
Control coil is equipped with radial air gap between the first magnet radial poles and the first rotor;The axial length of first radial stator is small
In the axial length of the first rotor;The first rotor and the first radial stator are formed by silicon steel plate stacking, the first radial control
Coil processed uses the copper wire with insulated paint, and axial stator uses double-disk structure.
In above scheme, the sextupole two degrees of freedom active magnetic bearings by the second radial control coil, radial offset coil,
Second magnet radial poles, the second radial stator and the second rotor are constituted, and second rotor coaxial covers on the outside of shaft, the second rotor
Outboard shafts are cased with the second radial stator, and the inner edge of the second radial stator is distributed uniformly and circumferentially six the second magnet radial poles,
There are radial air gaps between second magnet radial poles and the second rotor;Two groups of coils wherein are wound in one group of second magnet radial poles,
Outside is radial offset coil, and inside is the second radial control coil, and the is in addition only wound in two group of second magnet radial poles
Two radial control coils;Opposite two second radial control coils are connected in series as a phase, and winding direction is identical;Described second
Rotor and the second radial stator are formed by silicon steel plate stacking, and the described second radial control coil and radial offset coil use band
The copper wire of insulated paint.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
1, compared with the electric chief axis system of conventional mechanical bearings bearing, supported by five-freedom-degree AC magnetic bearing of the invention
High speed electric principal shaft system has without lubrication, low in energy consumption, no pollution to the environment, revolving speed are high, control precision is high, the service life is long, stablize
Property it is good the advantages that, realize rotatory mechanical system high speed, high-precision, at low cost, practical requirement.
2, the present invention using a sextupole Three Degree Of Freedom active magnetic bearings and a sextupole two degrees of freedom active magnetic bearings come
Five freedom degrees for supporting shaft, make shaft friction-free rotary, are conducive to the promotion of revolving speed.
3, the magnetic bearing in the present invention is radially being all made of sextupole structure, compared with traditional direct current magnetic bearing, is not necessarily to 4 tunnels
Unipolarity (or 2 tunnel bipolaritys) power amplifier, it is radial to be driven using three-phase power inverter, reduce the volume of drive system
And cost.Compared with the active magnetic bearings of existing three pole, radial sextupole structure makes suspending power-displacement and the suspending power-of magnetic bearing
Current characteristics all tends to linearly, and improves the bearing capacity of magnetic bearing, reduces the coupling between radial two freedom degrees, it is easier to
Realize accurate control.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of overall structure signal of the electro spindle of five-degree-of-freedom alternating sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing in the present invention
Figure;
Fig. 2 is the radial structure schematic diagram of sextupole Three Degree Of Freedom active magnetic bearings in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the axial arrangement schematic diagram of sextupole Three Degree Of Freedom active magnetic bearings in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the radial structure schematic diagram of sextupole two degrees of freedom active magnetic bearings in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the axial arrangement schematic diagram of sextupole two degrees of freedom active magnetic bearings in Fig. 1;
In figure: 1. shafts;2. sextupole Three Degree Of Freedom active magnetic bearings;3. high-speed main spindle motor;4. sextupole two degrees of freedom master
Dynamic magnetic bearing;5. auxiliary bearing;6. steel cylinder;7. radial transducer;8. axial sensor;9. end cap;20. axial control coil;
21. the first radial control coil;22. the first magnet radial poles;23. the first radial stator;24. axial stator;25. radial air gap;
26. radial offset magnetic flux;27. radial control magnetic flux;28. the first rotor;29. axial control magnetic flux;41. the second radial control line
Circle;42. radial offset coil;43. the second magnet radial poles;44. the second radial stator;45. the second rotor.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, further description of the technical solution of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention
It is not limited to this.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of electro spindle of five-degree-of-freedom alternating sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing includes shaft 1, sextupole three
Freedom degree active magnetic bearings 2, high-speed main spindle motor 3, sextupole two degrees of freedom active magnetic bearings 4, auxiliary bearing 5, steel cylinder 6, radial direction
Sensor 7 and axial sensor 8.Outside is that steel cylinder 6 wraps up, and steel cylinder 6 is made of steel cylinder housing and steel cylinder inner sleeve, steel cylinder housing and
There is the helical channel for system water-cooling between steel cylinder inner sleeve;The rear and front end of steel cylinder 6 respectively connects an end cap 9,
It is coaxially installed with shaft 1 at 6 inside center axis of steel cylinder, one end of shaft 1 is connected with cutter, is the front end of electro spindle.Two
With coaxial respectively one auxiliary bearing 5 of installation of shaft 1 at 9 center of end cap, shaft 1 is coaxially across two auxiliary bearings 5, auxiliary bearing
5 for supporting shaft 1 under shutdown or magnetic bearing malfunction.Inside steel cylinder 6, sextupole three is installed in shaft 1
Freedom degree active magnetic bearings 2, high-speed main spindle motor 3 and sextupole two degrees of freedom active magnetic bearings 4, high-speed main spindle motor 3 is mounted on
The middle part of shaft 1, sextupole Three Degree Of Freedom active magnetic bearings 2 are in the front side of high-speed main spindle motor 3, sextupole two degrees of freedom active magnetic axis
Hold 4 high-speed main spindle motor 3 rear side, the shell of high-speed main spindle motor 3 is fixed on steel cylinder 6.Shaft 1 and sextupole Three Degree Of Freedom
The rotor (the first rotor 28) of active magnetic bearings 2 and the rotor (the second rotor 45) of sextupole two degrees of freedom active magnetic bearings 4 are same
Axle center it is fixed together.One radial transducer 7 is respectively installed in the front-end and back-end of shaft 1, radial transducer 7 is close
End cap 9, for detecting the radial displacement of 1 front-end and back-end of shaft.In addition the rear end of shaft 1 is also equipped with axial sensor 8, uses
In the axial displacement of cooperation detection shaft 1.Radial transducer 7 and axial sensor 8 are all made of eddy current displacement sensor.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, sextupole Three Degree Of Freedom active magnetic bearings 2 are by the radial control line of axial control coil 20, first
The 21, first magnet radial poles 22, the first radial stator 23, axial stator 24, the first rotor 28 is enclosed to constitute.It is coaxial in 28 outside of rotor
It is cased with the first rotor 28, the first radial stator 23 is cased on the outside of the first rotor 28, it is axial fixed to be cased on the outside of the first radial stator 23
Son 24, the axial length of the first radial stator 23 are less than the axial length of the first rotor 28;First radial stator, 23 axial ends
It is separately installed with axial control coil 20;First radial stator 23 is circular ring shape, and 23 inner ring surface of the first radial stator is circumferentially square
To being evenly arranged there are six the first magnet radial poles 22, sextupole structure is formed, is wound with radial direction in each first magnet radial poles 22
Control coil 21.There are radial air gaps 25 between the inner ring surface of six the first magnet radial poles 22 and the outer ring surface of the first rotor 28.
Six first radial control coils 21 are controlled using three-phase AC power Driven by inverter, to generate radial control magnetic flux 27.The
One radial control coil 21 is passed through bias current and generates radial offset magnetic flux 26, and radial offset magnetic flux 26 passes through from the first rotor 28
Radial air gap 25 enters the first magnet radial poles 22, and main function is to make the suspending power for biasing magnetomotive force generation for balancing rotor
Gravity.The first rotor 28 and the first radial stator 23 are formed by silicon steel plate stacking, and the first radial control coil 21 is using nominal straight
The band insulated paint copper wire that diameter is 0.67mm.Axial stator 24 uses double-disk structure, between axial stator 24 and the first rotor 28
Form axial air-gap;Inside of the axial control coil 20 in left and right two respectively against left and right two panels axial stator 24, axial control
Coil 20 provides control electric current using dc switch power amplifier, is powered and generates axial control magnetic flux 29.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, sextupole two degrees of freedom active magnetic bearings 4 are by the second radial control coil 41, radial offset line
The 42, second magnet radial poles 43, the second radial stator 44 and the second rotor 45 is enclosed to constitute.The second diameter is coaxially cased with outside second rotor 45
To stator 44, the second rotor 45 is fixedly and coaxially connected together with shaft 1, and the axial length of the second rotor 45 and the second radial direction are fixed
The axial length of son 44 is identical.6 second radial magnetic have been evenly arranged along peripheral direction in the inner edge surface of the second radial stator 44
There are radial air gaps between the second magnet radial poles 43 of pole 43,6 and the second rotor 45.It is twined respectively in 6 the second magnet radial poles 43
Around by the second radial control coil 41, wherein two second radial control coils 41 in two opposite the second magnet radial poles 43
It is connected in series, and winding direction is identical, forms three-phase coil, three-phase coil uses star-like connection, and drives using three-phase inverter.
In addition, being wherein also wound with one group of radial offset coil 42, radial offset coil 42 in one group of second opposite magnet radial poles 43
Positioned at the outside of the second radial control coil 41;Radial offset coil 42 is passed through the constant bias magnetic field of 2 pairs of poles of direct current electric forming,
For balancing rotor gravity.Second rotor 45 and the second radial stator 44 are formed by silicon steel plate stacking, the second radial control coil
41 and radial offset coil 42 use nominal diameter be 0.67mm band insulated paint copper wire.
The control of suspending power is to change radial suspending power size by the variation of control electric current to control in magnetic bearing
's.By taking sextupole Three Degree Of Freedom active magnetic bearings 2 as an example, when the first radial control coil 21 and 22 side of the first magnet radial poles are passed through
When forward current, the direction for the radial control magnetic flux 27 that this side generates is identical with the direction of radial offset magnetic flux 26, radial inclined
It sets magnetic flux 26 and radial control magnetic flux 27 is superimposed, and the direction for the radial control magnetic flux 27 that opposite side generates and radial offset
Contrary, radial offset magnetic flux 26 and the radial counteracting of control magnetic flux 27, to generate along this side magnet radial poles of magnetic flux 26
Radial suspension force, result when the first radial control coil 21 is passed through negative current is passed through just with the first radial control coil 21
On the contrary, generating opposite radial suspension force when to electric current.Therefore, pass through the control electric current in the radial control coil 21 of control first
All directions radial suspension force of different sizes can be generated.
Above-described specific example is only used for the mentality of designing and technical solution that the present invention will be described in detail, its object is to
Those skilled in the art are made to can understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, protection scope of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Example.So made by all principles revealed according to the present invention, mentality of designing, technical solution it is any modification, equivalent replacement or
Modification, should all be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of electro spindle of five-degree-of-freedom alternating sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing, which is characterized in that including steel cylinder (6) central axis
Locate coaxial mounted shaft (1), sextupole Three Degree Of Freedom active magnetic bearings (2), high-speed main spindle are successively fixedly installed in shaft (1)
Motor (3), sextupole two degrees of freedom active magnetic bearings (4), the rear and front end of steel cylinder (6) with shaft (1) is coaxial is respectively equipped with auxiliary
Bearing (5), shaft (1) pass through auxiliary bearing (5), and the rear and front end of shaft (1) is respectively equipped with radial transducer (7), shaft (1)
Rear end be also equipped with axial sensor (8).
2. a kind of electro spindle of five-degree-of-freedom alternating sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The sextupole Three Degree Of Freedom active magnetic bearings (2) include axial control coil (20), the first radial control coil (21), the first diameter
To magnetic pole (22), the first radial stator (23), axial stator (24) and the first rotor (28), successively it is socketed on the outside of shaft (1)
The first rotor (28), the first radial stator (23), axial stator (24), the first radial stator (23) axial ends are separately installed with
Axial control coil (20), the inner ring surface of the first radial stator (23) is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and there are six the first magnet radial poles
(22), it is wound with the first radial control coil (21) on each first magnet radial poles (22), the first magnet radial poles (22) and the
Radial air gap (25) are equipped between one rotor (28).
3. a kind of electro spindle of five-degree-of-freedom alternating sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that
The axial length of first radial stator (23) is less than the axial length of the first rotor (28).
4. a kind of five-degree-of-freedom alternating sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing as claimed in claim 2;Electro spindle, feature exist
In the first rotor (28) and the first radial stator (23) are formed by silicon steel plate stacking, the first radial control coil (21)
Using the copper wire with insulated paint, axial stator (24) uses double-disk structure.
5. a kind of electro spindle of five-degree-of-freedom alternating sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The sextupole two degrees of freedom active magnetic bearings (4) are by the second radial control coil (41), radial offset coil (42), the second radial direction
Magnetic pole (43), the second radial stator (44) and the second rotor (45) are constituted, the second rotor (45) coaxial sleeve shaft (1) outside
Side, the second rotor (45) are coaxially cased with the second radial stator (44) outside, and the inner edge of the second radial stator (44) is along the circumferential direction equal
Six the second magnet radial poles (43) of even distribution, there are radial air gaps between the second magnet radial poles (43) and the second rotor (45);Its
In two groups of coils are wound on one group of second magnet radial poles (43), outside is radial offset coil (42), and inside is the second diameter
To control coil (41), the second radial control coil (41) is in addition only wound on two group of second magnet radial poles (43);Opposite
Two second radial control coils (41) are connected in series as a phase, and winding direction is identical.
6. a kind of electro spindle of five-degree-of-freedom alternating sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that
Second rotor (45) and the second radial stator (44) are formed by silicon steel plate stacking, the described second radial control coil (41)
The copper wire with insulated paint is used with radial offset coil (42).
7. a kind of electro spindle of five-degree-of-freedom alternating sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The radial transducer (7) and axial sensor (8) are all made of eddy current displacement sensor.
8. a kind of electro spindle of five-degree-of-freedom alternating sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The rear and front end of the steel cylinder (6) is all connected with end cap (9), coaxial with shaft (1) at the center of end cap (9).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201811085943.3A CN109194021A (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2018-09-17 | A kind of electro spindle of five-degree-of-freedom alternating sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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CN201811085943.3A CN109194021A (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2018-09-17 | A kind of electro spindle of five-degree-of-freedom alternating sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing |
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CN109194021A true CN109194021A (en) | 2019-01-11 |
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CN201811085943.3A Pending CN109194021A (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2018-09-17 | A kind of electro spindle of five-degree-of-freedom alternating sextupole active magnetic bearings bearing |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112532002A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-19 | 华中科技大学 | Double-stator excitation full-freedom-degree bearingless motor and active control method thereof |
CN113369507A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-10 | 重庆工商大学 | High-speed high-precision electric spindle integrating three-dimensional vibration active control function |
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CN101414772A (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2009-04-22 | 江苏大学 | High speed electric principal shaft system supported by five-freedom-degree AC magnetic bearing |
JP2013076450A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-25 | Daikin Industries Ltd | Magnetic bearing |
CN106825627A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-13 | 江苏大学 | A kind of inverter driving ejector half five degree of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing supports electro spindle |
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2018
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EP0311122A1 (en) * | 1987-10-07 | 1989-04-12 | Ebara Research Co., Ltd. | Radial magnetic bearing system |
CN101414772A (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2009-04-22 | 江苏大学 | High speed electric principal shaft system supported by five-freedom-degree AC magnetic bearing |
JP2013076450A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-25 | Daikin Industries Ltd | Magnetic bearing |
CN106825627A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-13 | 江苏大学 | A kind of inverter driving ejector half five degree of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing supports electro spindle |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112532002A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-19 | 华中科技大学 | Double-stator excitation full-freedom-degree bearingless motor and active control method thereof |
CN112532002B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-03-18 | 华中科技大学 | Double-stator excitation full-freedom-degree bearingless motor and active control method thereof |
CN113369507A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-10 | 重庆工商大学 | High-speed high-precision electric spindle integrating three-dimensional vibration active control function |
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Application publication date: 20190111 |