CN106763186B - A kind of axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force - Google Patents
A kind of axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force Download PDFInfo
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- CN106763186B CN106763186B CN201710177759.0A CN201710177759A CN106763186B CN 106763186 B CN106763186 B CN 106763186B CN 201710177759 A CN201710177759 A CN 201710177759A CN 106763186 B CN106763186 B CN 106763186B
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- stator core
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- rotor
- axial
- air gap
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
- F16C32/0461—Details of the magnetic circuit of stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- F16C32/0465—Details of the magnetic circuit of stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with permanent magnets provided in the magnetic circuit of the electromagnets
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement
- F16C32/0476—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement with active support of one degree of freedom, e.g. axial magnetic bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
- F16C2300/20—Application independent of particular apparatuses related to type of movement
- F16C2300/22—High-speed rotation
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of axial mixed magnetic bearings with permanent magnetism unloading force, including stator module and the rotor assembly being co-axially located in stator module；Rotor assembly includes shaft and the rotor propulsion disc that is set in shaft；Stator module includes stator exciting coil, permanent magnet, stator core and end stator core, stator exciting coil is arranged in the coil slot being arranged in stator core, permanent magnet is the toroidal magnet being placed between stator core and end stator core in the axial direction, it is provided with control air gap in the axial direction between the upper surface of inner end between the upper surface of rotor propulsion disc and the lower end surface of stator core coil slot upper end, under the lower end surface of rotor propulsion disc and stator core coil slot, edge is axially arranged with biasing air gap between the inner surface and shaft end of end stator core.Structure of the invention is compact, size is small and exquisite, and permanent magnet is set to stator module part, and rotor assembly revolving speed influences it small, adapts to be used for high-speed cruising.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to magnetic bearing fields, and in particular to a kind of axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force.
Background technique
Magnetic suspension bearing is that rotor stability is suspended using the electromagnetic force accurately controlled, makes to connect between rotor without machinery
A kind of high-performance bearing of touching.Since there is no contacts mechanically between stator and rotor, so the rotor of magnetic suspension bearing is reachable
To very high operating revolving speed.Simultaneously as electromagnetic force can accurately be adjusted by special control system, therefore rigidity and damping
It is adjustable.Magnetic suspension bearing has many advantages, such as that low energy consumption, the service life is long, unlubricated, pollution-free, is particularly suitable for high speed, vacuum and super clean
The special application such as net.
Magnetic suspension bearing can be divided into three classes according to the freedom degree that magnetic suspension bearing controls: Simple Freedom Magnetic Bearing, two
Freedom degree magnetic bearing, multiple degrees of freedom magnetic bearing.In the high-speed rotor system of magnetic suspension bearing, in addition to rotor rotation one from
By being outside one's consideration, in addition five freedom degrees are controlled by magnetic bearing supporting system.Single freedom degree magnetic bearing is primarily referred to as control rotor
It is unidirectional in the axial direction to move back and forth, two, multiple freedom degree magnetic bearing distributed controll radial directions, the freedom degrees such as radial-axial.
Axial magnetic bearing can be divided into three classes by single-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension bearing according to magnetic force presentation mode: permanent magnetism is passively axial
Magnetic bearing, pure electrical excitation axial magnetic bearing and permanent magnet bias mixing axial magnetic bearing.Wherein, permanent magnetism axial magnetic bearing rigidity it is small,
Bearing state is uncontrollable, is not suitable for large bearing capacity high speed situation；Pure electrical excitation axial bearing due to electrical excitation provide bias magnetic field,
Idling consumption is big；The advantages of both permanent magnet bias mixing axial bearings synthesis, the bias magnetic field for making full use of permanent magnet to provide, to
Machine loss is small, and state is controllable.
The structure of existing permanent magnet bias mixing axial magnetic bearing all comes with some shortcomings to a certain extent:
The permanent magnet of some permanent magnet bias mixing axial magnetic bearings is placed on the thrust disc of rotor, although simplifying magnetic circuit mould
Type, but the difficulty of mounting process is increased, and the characteristic of the low tensile strength of permanent magnet limits this structure in high speed situation
Application.
Some heteropolar formula permanent magnet bias mixing axial magnetic bearings use rotor dual thrust dish structure, and coil insertion rotor is double
Between thrust disc, the coil of this structure is difficult to install, is unfavorable for dismantling, and engineering difficulty is larger.
Permanent magnet is placed in stator core by some heteropolar formula permanent magnet bias mixing axial magnetic bearings, electrical excitation magnetic circuit with forever
The series connection of magnetic magnetic circuit, causes that winding volume is excessive, service life reduction of permanent magnet, system reliability decline.
Permanent magnet is fixed in stator core by heteropolar formula permanent magnet bias mixing axial magnetic bearing also, as biasing gas
One structural plane of gap, it is difficult to ensure that the precision of size of gaps.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention in view of the deficienciess of the prior art, provide it is a kind of it is compact-sized, size is small and exquisite, applicable
In the axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force of high-speed cruising.
The object of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of it is compact-sized, can high-speed cruising, axial length is short, engineering feasibility is high and can
The permanent magnet bias mixing axial bearing of permanent magnetism unloading force is provided.
To achieve the above object, a kind of axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force designed by the present invention includes fixed
Sub-component and the rotor assembly being co-axially located in the stator module；The rotor assembly includes shaft and is set in shaft
Rotor propulsion disc, the rotor propulsion disc is that circle ring column is coaxially disposed with the shaft, and described a kind of have permanent magnetism unloading
The axial mixed magnetic bearing of power is the revolving body of the axis along the shaft；The stator module includes stator exciting coil, forever
Magnet, stator core and end stator core, the stator exciting coil are arranged in the coil slot being arranged in stator core, institute
State the outer circumference surface of stator exciting coil and the rotor propulsion disc diametrically setting and between there is gap, the permanent magnetism
Body is the toroidal magnet being placed between the stator core and the end stator core in the axial direction, in the stator core
Stator core coil slot upper end and stator core coil slot under formed between inner end and accommodate the outer of the rotor propulsion disc
The opening of circle, along axis side between the upper surface of the rotor propulsion disc and the lower end surface of the stator core coil slot upper end
To being provided with control air gap, under the lower end surface of the rotor propulsion disc and the stator core coil slot upper surface of inner end it
Between be provided with control air gap in the axial direction, set between the inner surface and the shaft end of the end stator core along axial direction
There is biasing air gap.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the rotor propulsion disc is not more than the internal diameter of the coil slot.
Preferably, the permanent magnet axial charging.
Preferably, the control air gap, the size for biasing air gap are 0.5mm.
Preferably, the stator core, the end stator core use high magnetic property electrical pure iron material
Material is made.
Preferably, the shaft is made of high-intensitive permeability alloys Steel material, and the rotor propulsion disc uses
The electrical pure iron of high-intensitive soft magnetic materials or high magnetic property is made.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: a kind of axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force of the invention is with following
Advantage:
(1) permanent magnet is located at stator module part, and rotor speed does not almost have any influence to it, is advantageously implemented high turn
Speed；Permanent magnet is not involved in directly constituting for working gas gap, is conducive to improve structure machining accuracy.
(2) electrical excitation magnetic circuit and permanent magnetic circuit are in parallel, and decoupling performance is good；Exciting current influences small, magnetic to permanent magnet performance
The high reliablity of bearing.
(3) rotor gravity can be offset by the permanent magnetism unloading force that permanent magnet generates in biasing air gap, effectively reduces electricity
Exciting current reduces bearing idling consumption.
(4) electrical excitation magnetic circuit passes through rotor core outer ring, and the vortex of generation is smaller on rotor influence, is conducive to improve magnetic axis
The dynamic property held.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be the preferred embodiment of the present invention the axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force by two process axis and
Orthogonal section cut off after schematic perspective view.
Fig. 2 is the axial cross section structural schematic diagram of the axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force in Fig. 1, wherein empty
Line show permanent magnetic circuit.
Fig. 3 is the axial cross section structural schematic diagram of the axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force in Fig. 1, wherein empty
Line show electrical excitation magnetic circuit.
Each part numbers are as follows in figure: shaft 1, rotor propulsion disc 2, stator exciting coil 3, permanent magnet 4, stator core 5
(wherein, inner end 52 under stator core coil slot upper end 51, stator core coil slot), end stator core 6, control air gap
7, air gap 8 is biased.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force that the preferred embodiment of the present invention provides is
Along the rotary structure of its axis comprising stator module and coaxial magnetic are suspended in the rotor assembly in stator module.
Rotor assembly includes shaft 1 and rotor propulsion disc 2, and rotor propulsion disc 2 is set in shaft 1.Rotor propulsion disc 2 has
There is the annulus of certain axial width, is coaxially disposed with shaft 1.Rotor propulsion disc 2 is the stressed member of rotor assembly, bears stator
The axial bearing capacity that component is applied.1 magnetic conduction of shaft can be used high-intensitive permeability alloys Steel material and be made.Rotor propulsion disc 2
Material due to by revolving speed influenced can according to actually being selected, if using high speed situation need to using high-intensitive soft magnetic materials,
If the electrical pure iron of high magnetic property should be selected applied to middle low speed occasion.
Stator module includes stator exciting coil 3, permanent magnet 4, stator core 5 and end stator core 6.Magnet exciting coil 3
It is arranged in the coil slot being arranged in stator core 5, magnet exciting coil 3, which is mounted on inside coil slot and carries out encapsulating processing, to be consolidated
It is fixed.The outer circumference surface of magnet exciting coil 3 and rotor propulsion disc 2 diametrically setting and between have gap.Permanent magnet 4 is annular
Magnet is located axially between stator core 5 and end stator core 6.To be easy for installation, permanent magnet 4 can be used more
The assembled annular of block.Stator core coil slot upper end 51 and the stator of the coil slot of magnet exciting coil 3 are accommodated in stator core 5
Opening is formed under ironcore choke slot between inner end 52.The outer ring of rotor propulsion disc 2 is placed in stator core coil slot upper end 51
In the opening under stator core coil slot between inner end 52, the outer diameter of rotor propulsion disc 1 is not more than coil slot internal diameter (rotor
Thrust disc 1 does not protrude into coil slot).The lower end surface of the upper surface of rotor propulsion disc 2 and stator core coil slot upper end 51 it
Between it is axially disposed have control air gap 7, under the lower end surface of rotor propulsion disc 2 and stator core coil slot the upper surface of inner end 52
Between it is axially disposed have control air gap 7.Stator core 5 and end stator core 6 are using high magnetic property in stator module
Electrical pure iron material is made.Edge is axially arranged with biasing air gap 8 between 1 end of inner surface and shaft of end stator core 6.
In the present embodiment, whole air gaps (control air gap 7, biasing air gap 8) size 0.5mm is taken, what magnetic bearing generated unloads
Carry the gravity that power is exactly equal to rotor assembly.
Permanent magnet 4 constitutes permanent magnetic circuit as shown in Figure 2 with shaft 1, rotor propulsion disc 2 together.The permanent magnet 4 of annular
Axial charging can form a magnetic force circuit.The magnetic line of force is from the pole N of permanent magnet 4, through end stator core 6, biasing air gap
8, shaft 1, rotor propulsion disc 2, control air gap 7, stator core 5, return to the pole S of permanent magnet 4.
Stator exciting coil 3 is located in stator core 5, constitutes electrical excitation magnetic circuit as shown in Figure 3 with rotor propulsion disc 2.
It is assumed that when exciting current is timing, electricity excitation magnetic field direction is upward, since permanent magnet bias magnetic field is respectively at upper and lower working gas gap
It generates contrary magnetic field (bias magnetic field of air gap is upward in setting), two kinds of magnetic field linear superpositions, magnetic in upper control air gap
Field enhances, and field weakening in lower control air gap, rotor propulsion disc 2 is by upward bearing capacity.Similarly, when the electric current of magnet exciting coil
When being negative, rotor propulsion disc 2 is by downward bearing capacity.
A kind of working principle of axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force of the invention is as follows: being mentioned by permanent magnet 4
For the bias magnetic field of mixing axial magnetic bearing, is realized by stator exciting coil 3 and control magnetic field required for adjusting.Permanent magnetic circuit
Path are as follows: the pole N → end stator core 6 of permanent magnet 4 → 1 → rotor propulsion disc of biasing 8 → shaft of air gap 2 → control air gap
The pole S of 7 → stator core, 5 → permanent magnet 4.The electro-magnetic flux path that excitation winding generates are as follows: stator core 5 → control air gap
7 → rotor propulsion disc 2 → 7 → stator core of control air gap 5.The permanent magnet flux that permanent magnet 4 generates passes through control air gap 7, biasing
Air gap 8, and the permanent magnetism unloading force for offsetting rotor assembly gravity is generated to shaft 1；What permanent magnet 4 and stator excitation winding 3 generated
Permanent magnetism, electricity excitation magnetic field are superimposed or offset in two control air gaps 7, and collective effect generates control force on rotor propulsion disc 2.
Excitation winding current direction in the stator can be with bidirectional modulation, it is assumed that when exciting current is timing, electrical excitation
Magnetic direction is upward, since permanent magnet bias magnetic field generates contrary magnetic field (it is assumed that upper control in two control air gaps respectively
The magnetic field of air gap processed is upward), two kinds of magnetic field linear superpositions, magnetic field-enhanced, the field weakening of lower control air gap of upper control, rotor
Thrust disc is by upward bearing capacity；Similarly, when the electric current of magnet exciting coil is negative, rotor propulsion disc is by downward carrying
Power.
Compared with prior art, a kind of axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force of the invention has following spy
Point:
(1) permanent magnet 4 is located at stator module part, and the revolving speed of rotor does not almost have any influence to it, is advantageously implemented
High revolving speed；And permanent magnet 4 is not involved in directly constituting for working gas gap, is conducive to improve structure machining accuracy.
(2) electrical excitation magnetic circuit and permanent magnetic circuit are in parallel, and decoupling performance is good, and exciting current influences small, magnetic to permanent magnet performance
The high reliablity of bearing.
(3) rotor assembly gravity can be offset by the permanent magnetism unloading force that permanent magnet 4 generates in biasing air gap 8, effectively subtracted
Lack electrical excitation electric current, reduces bearing idling consumption.
(4) electrical excitation magnetic circuit passes through the outer ring of rotor core 5, and influence of the vortex of generation to rotor assembly is smaller, favorably
In the dynamic property for improving magnetic bearing.
In conclusion a kind of axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force of the invention is compact-sized, axial length
It is short, can be applied to high-speed cruising occasion, be suitable for the high speed situations such as flywheel energy storage system, satellite momentum wheel, high-speed machine tool.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Limitations on the scope of the patent of the present invention therefore cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to guarantor of the invention
Protect range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force, including stator module and it is co-axially located at the stator module
Interior rotor assembly, it is characterised in that: the rotor assembly includes cylindrical shaft (1) and turn that is set on shaft (1)
Sub- thrust disc (2), the rotor propulsion disc (3) is that circle ring column is coaxially disposed with the shaft (1), described a kind of with permanent magnetism
The axial mixed magnetic bearing of unloading force is the revolving body of the axis along the shaft (1)；The stator module includes stator excitation
Coil (3), permanent magnet (4), stator core (5) and columnar end stator core (6), the stator exciting coil (3) set
It sets in the coil slot being arranged on stator core (5), the outer diameter of the rotor propulsion disc (1) is interior no more than the coil slot
The outer circumference surface of diameter, the stator exciting coil (3) and the rotor propulsion disc (2) diametrically setting and between have between
Gap, the permanent magnet (4) are the ring being placed between the stator core (5) and the end stator core (6) in the axial direction
Shape magnet, permanent magnet (4) axial charging, stator core coil slot upper end (51) on the stator core (5) and fixed
The opening for accommodating the outer ring of the rotor propulsion disc (2) is formed under sub- ironcore choke slot between inner end (52), the rotor pushes away
It is provided with control in the axial direction between the upper surface of power disk (2) and the lower end surface of the stator core coil slot upper end (51)
Air gap (7), under the lower end surface of the rotor propulsion disc (2) and the stator core coil slot between the upper surface of inner end (52)
It is provided with control air gap (7) in the axial direction, between the inner surface and the shaft (1) end of the end stator core (6)
Along biasing air gap (8) is axially arranged with, control air gap (7), the size for biasing air gap (8) are 0.5mm.
2. a kind of axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described fixed
Sub- iron core (5), the end stator core (6) are made of the electrical pure iron material of high magnetic property.
3. a kind of axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described turn
Axis (1) is made of high-intensitive permeability alloys Steel material, and the rotor propulsion disc (2) is led using high-intensitive soft magnetic materials or height
The electrical pure iron of magnetic property is made.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710177759.0A CN106763186B (en) | 2017-03-23 | 2017-03-23 | A kind of axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710177759.0A CN106763186B (en) | 2017-03-23 | 2017-03-23 | A kind of axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106763186A CN106763186A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN106763186B true CN106763186B (en) | 2019-04-30 |
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| CN201710177759.0A Active CN106763186B (en) | 2017-03-23 | 2017-03-23 | A kind of axial mixed magnetic bearing with permanent magnetism unloading force |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107387558B (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2019-02-05 | 江苏大学 | A kind of vehicle-mounted flying wheel battery alternating current-direct current Three Degree Of Freedom axial direction monolithic hybrid magnetic bearing |
| CN107546904B (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2023-11-21 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Magnetic bearing, compressor and processing method |
| CN113048148B (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2023-09-01 | 坎德拉(深圳)新能源科技有限公司 | Magnetic bearing and rotating mechanism using same |
| CN117052791B (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2024-04-02 | 山东华东风机有限公司 | Axial magnetic bearing design method for energy storage flywheel and axial magnetic bearing |
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| CN106763186A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
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