CN105840654B - A Permanent Magnet Biased Single Degree of Freedom Axial Magnetic Bearing - Google Patents

A Permanent Magnet Biased Single Degree of Freedom Axial Magnetic Bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105840654B
CN105840654B CN201610399385.2A CN201610399385A CN105840654B CN 105840654 B CN105840654 B CN 105840654B CN 201610399385 A CN201610399385 A CN 201610399385A CN 105840654 B CN105840654 B CN 105840654B
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China
Prior art keywords
magnetic bearing
iron core
permanent magnet
core
stator
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CN201610399385.2A
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CN105840654A (en
Inventor
张涛
莫丽红
张晨
倪伟
丁卫红
叶小婷
张惠萍
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Central Service Project Of Jinhu County
Huai'an Kechuang Intellectual Property Operation Co ltd
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Huaiyin Institute of Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of permanent magnet bias single-degree-of-freedom axial magnetic bearing, including stator, rotor core, rotor core includes axial component, radial component；The stator includes the axial component along rotor core, and using the radial component of rotor core as symmetrical centre, successively symmetrically arranged left side iron core bridge iron core, right side iron core bridge iron core；Left side annular permanent magnet, right circular permanent magnet；Stator core, magnetic bearing right side stator core on the left of magnetic bearing；It is provided between magnetic bearing left and right side stator core every magnetic aluminium ring；Stator core, magnetic bearing right side stator core are in E shape structure on the left of magnetic bearing, are wound with control winding respectively in stator slot；The present invention efficiently solves the deficiency of existing axial magnetic bearing, provide it is a kind of control, manufacture and assembly it is simple, control magnetic flux can produce the low-power consumption single-degree-of-freedom axial magnetic bearing of bigger axial suspension power without permanent magnet and rotor axial iron core.

Description

A kind of permanent magnet bias single-degree-of-freedom axial magnetic bearing
Technical field
The present invention relates to bearing mnanufacture technical field, especially a kind of control, manufacture and assembly are simple, control magnetic flux without Permanent magnet and rotor axial iron core are crossed, can produce the low power consumption permanent magnet biased single-degree-of-freedom axial direction magnetic axis of bigger axial suspension power It holds.
Background technique
Magnetic bearing is to make rotor suspension inorganic between stator and rotor in space using the electromagnetic force between stator and rotor A kind of novel high-performance bearing of tool contact.Since Mechanical Contact being not present between stator and rotor, so magnetic suspension bearing support Suspension rotor can reach very high operating revolving speed, and with no mechanical wear, low energy consumption, the service life is long, without lubrication, pollution-free The advantages that, field is directly driven particularly suitable for high speed or ultrahigh speed.
Currently, magnetic bearing is divided into following three kinds in such a way that magnetic force provides:, active magnetic bearings, miscarried by biased electrical Raw bias magnetic field, the control magnetic flux generated by control electric current is overlapped mutually with biasing magnetic flux, so that controllable suspending power is generated, it should Kind magnetic bearing volume, weight and power consumption are all bigger；, passive magnetic bearing, suspending power provides by permanent magnet completely, required control Device processed is simple, suspension small power consumption, but rigidity and damping it is all smaller, generally apply to only supporting object in one direction or It is to mitigate the load acted on traditional bearing；, hybrid magnetic bearing, be using permanent-magnet material substitution active magnetic bearings in electricity Magnet generates bias magnetic field, and the control magnetic flux that control electric current only provides balanced load or interferes greatly reduces magnetic bearing Power loss reduces the volume of magnetic bearing, alleviates its weight, and improve bearing capacity.
Currently, it is different according to permanent-magnetic biased axial magnetic bearing structure type, three kinds can be divided into,, by permanent magnet be placed in turn In son, its installation difficulty is caused to increase, the promotion of its revolving speed of rotor strength lower limit；, that suspension rotor is placed in by magnetic bearing is fixed The two sides of son, axial length is long, and critical speed is low；, axial control magnetic flux passes through permanent magnet in magnetic bearing, to permanent magnet in bright Aobvious demagnetizing effect, leakage field is larger, and the magnetic resistance of permanent magnet is big, causes electric current needed for generating identical axial suspension power big, function Consumption is high, and applied field field is restricted.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of permanent magnet bias single-degree-of-freedom axial magnetic bearing, the present invention is effective Solve the deficiency of existing axial magnetic bearing, provide it is a kind of control, manufacture and assembly it is simple, control magnetic flux without permanent magnet with Rotor axial iron core can produce the low-power consumption single-degree-of-freedom axial magnetic bearing of bigger axial suspension power.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A kind of permanent magnet bias single-degree-of-freedom axial magnetic bearing, including stator, rotor core (11), it is characterised in that: described Rotor core (11) includes axial component, radial component；The stator includes the axial component along rotor core (11), and to turn The radial component of sub- iron core (11) is symmetrical centre, successively symmetrically arranged left side iron core bridge iron core (1), right side iron core bridge iron core (7)；Left side annular permanent magnet (2), right circular permanent magnet (6)；Stator core (3), magnetic bearing right side stator on the left of magnetic bearing Iron core (5)；It is provided between stator core (3), magnetic bearing right side stator core (5) every magnetic aluminium ring (4) on the left of magnetic bearing；Magnetic axis Stator core (3), magnetic bearing right side stator core (5) are in E shape structure on the left of holding, and are wound with control winding respectively in stator slot (10)。
The further Technological improvement plan of the present invention is:
The suction that stator core (3), magnetic bearing right side stator core (5) are arranged by upper and lower position on the left of the magnetic bearing Power disk (12,13) and the control disk (8,9) of middle position setting are constituted, and control winding (10) is wound in suction disk Between (12,13) and control disk (8,9).
The further Technological improvement plan of the present invention is:
It is described control disk (8,9) and rotor core (11) radial component between gas length greater than suction disk (12, 13) gas length between rotor core (11) radial component, and suction disk (12,13) and rotor core (11) radial part / gas length be less than stator core (3) and magnetic bearing right side stator core (5) and rotor core on the left of magnetic bearing (11) gas length between axial component.
The further Technological improvement plan of the present invention is:
The left side annular permanent magnet (2), right circular permanent magnet (6) are the annular permanent magnet of axial charging, are magnetic Bearing provides biasing magnetic flux.
The further Technological improvement plan of the present invention is:
It is described to be made every magnetic aluminium ring (4) of monolith aluminium, left and right sides magnetic circuit is spaced, and reduce leakage field.
The further Technological improvement plan of the present invention is:
Stator core (3), magnetic bearing right side stator core (5), the right side on the left of the left side iron core bridge iron core (1), magnetic bearing Side iron core bridge iron core (7), rotor core (11) are all made of the material with good axially and radially magnetic property and are made.
The further Technological improvement plan of the present invention is:
The left side annular permanent magnet (2), right circular permanent magnet (6) are that rare earth permanent-magnetic material is made.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having following obvious advantage:
One, permanent magnet bias single-degree-of-freedom axial magnetic bearing of the present invention is the annular permanent magnet 2 and 6 by two axial magnetizeds Left side biasing magnetic flux 15,16 is provided respectively and right side biases magnetic flux 19,20, control winding 10 generates control magnetic flux 17 and 21, phase The biasing magnetic flux and control magnetic flux for answering position are overlapped mutually, and by axial displacement closed-loop control, guarantee that air gap is equal between stator and rotor It is even, realize rotor axial stable suspersion.
Two, the present invention guarantees that the biasing magnetic flux of arranged on left and right sides is mutually isolated using every magnetic aluminium ring, reduces leakage field；
Three, E type structure is made in magnetic bearing left and right side stator core, and control magnetic flux 17 and 21 is merely through control disk and suction Power disk forms closed path, and without the big permanent magnet of magnetic resistance, having can produce biggish axial suspension power, low-power consumption, control System is simply and the advantages that be easily achieved, can be used for flywheel energy storage, various high-speed machine tool spindle motors and canned pump class, centrifuge, The fields such as compressor, high-speed small-size hard disk drive.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is permanent magnet bias single-degree-of-freedom axial magnetic bearing structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is permanent magnet bias single-degree-of-freedom axial magnetic bearing magnetic circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is based on principle be: the left side annular permanent magnet 2 of axial charging generates left side quiescent biasing magnetic flux 14, left Side quiescent biasing magnetic flux 14 is divided into two by stator core 3 on the left of magnetic bearing from the pole N of left side annular permanent magnet 2 Divide, i.e. magnetic flux 15, magnetic flux 16, axial working gas gap, the radial component of rotor core 11, rotor core are entered by suction disk 12 11 axial component, left side iron core bridge iron core air gap, left side iron core bridge iron core 1 return to the pole S of left side annular permanent magnet 2, are formed Closed magnetic circuit.The right circular permanent magnet 6 of axial charging generates right side quiescent biasing magnetic flux 18, right side quiescent biasing magnetic flux 18 from The pole N of right circular permanent magnet 6 is set out, and by stator core 5 on the right side of magnetic bearing, is divided into two parts, i.e. magnetic flux 19, magnetic flux 20, Axial working gas gap, the radial component of rotor core 11, the axial component of rotor core 11, right side iron are entered by suction disk 13 Core bridge iron core air gap, right side iron core bridge iron core 7 return to the pole S of right circular permanent magnet 6, form closed magnetic circuit, control winding 10 The left side control magnetic flux 17 generated that is powered and right side control magnetic flux 21 play regulatory role, for changing 11 diameter of magnetic bearing rotor core Keep the air gap between stator and rotor axial direction uniform, in fact by being displaced closed-loop control to the power of the two sides air-gap field of part Existing rotor axial stable suspersion.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is by stator core on the left of left side iron core bridge iron core 1, left side annular permanent magnet 2, magnetic bearing 3, stator core 5, right circular permanent magnet 6, right side iron core bridge iron core 7 and 11 groups of rotor core on the right side of magnetic aluminium ring 4, magnetic bearing At.E type structure is made in stator core 3 on the left of magnetic bearing, and centre is suction disk 12 for control disk 8, upper and lower position, in suction It is embedded in control winding 10 between disk 12 and control disk 8, is powered and generates control magnetic flux 17；Stator core 5 on the right side of magnetic bearing E type structure is made, centre is suction disk 13 for control disk 9, upper and lower position, between suction disk 13 and control disk 9 It is embedded in control winding 10, is powered and generates control magnetic flux 21；The air gap controlled between disk 8,9 and 11 radial component of rotor core is long Degree be greater than 11 radial component of suction disk 12,13 and rotor core between gas length, and magnetic bearing on the left of stator core 3, Gas length on the right side of magnetic bearing between stator core 5 and 11 axial component of rotor core is greater than suction disk 12,13 and rotor Gas length between 11 radial component of iron core.Stator core 3, magnetic bearing right side are fixed on the left of left side iron core bridge iron core 1, magnetic bearing Sub- iron core 5, right side iron core bridge iron core 7 and rotor core 11 are made of the good material of axially and radially magnetic property, left side Annular permanent magnet 2, right circular permanent magnet 6 are all made of axial magnetized, and left side annular permanent magnet 2 is mounted on left side iron core bridge iron On the left of core 1, magnetic bearing between stator core 3, quiescent biasing magnetic field 14 is generated.Right circular permanent magnet 6 is mounted on right side iron core On the right side of bridge iron core 7, magnetic bearing between stator core 5, quiescent biasing magnetic field 18 is generated.Left side iron core bridge iron core 1, right side iron core bridge Iron core 7 provides magnetic circuit for biasing magnetic flux, and four control windings 10 can be used winding mode as shown in Figure 1 and be connected in series, it is only necessary to One inverter can realize the adjusting of control electric current.
As shown in Fig. 2, the left side annular permanent magnet 2 of axial charging generates left side quiescent biasing magnetic flux 14, left side is static partially N pole of the magnetic flux 14 from left side annular permanent magnet 2 is set, by stator core 3 on the left of magnetic bearing, is divided into two parts, i.e. magnetic flux 15, magnetic flux 16 are entered the axial direction of axial working gas gap, the radial component of rotor core 11, rotor core 11 by suction disk 12 Partially, left side iron core bridge iron core air gap, left side iron core bridge iron core 1 return to the pole S of left side annular permanent magnet 2, form closed magnetic circuit. The right circular permanent magnet 6 of axial charging generates right side quiescent biasing magnetic flux 18, and right side quiescent biasing magnetic flux 18 is from right circular The pole N of permanent magnet 6 is set out, and by stator core 5 on the right side of magnetic bearing, is divided into two parts, i.e., magnetic flux 19, magnetic flux 20, justified by suction Disk 13 enters axial working gas gap, the radial component of rotor core 11, the axial component of rotor core 11, right side iron core bridge iron core Air gap, right side iron core bridge iron core 7 return to the pole S of right circular permanent magnet, form closed magnetic circuit.The left side that control winding 10 generates Control magnetic flux 17 and right side control magnetic flux 21, left side control magnetic flux 17 is by suction disk 12, control disk 8, rotor core 11 Radial component, axial working gas gap forms closed path；Right side control magnetic flux 21 is passed through suction disk 13, control disk 9, is turned The radial component of sub- iron core 11, axial working gas gap form closed path；Due to guaranteeing that arranged on left and right sides biases magnetic every magnetic aluminium ring 4 It is logical not interfere with each other, and control magnetic flux reduces power consumption and increases axial suspension power without annular permanent magnet.
This permanent magnet bias single-degree-of-freedom axial magnetic bearing establishes biasing using the annular permanent magnet of two axial chargings Magnetic flux, stator and rotor iron core are made of the good material of axially and radially magnetic property, and annular permanent magnet uses axial magnetized, Annular permanent magnet is radial annulus, along axial charging, using the good rare-earth permanent magnet of magnetic property or ferrite permanent magnet, control Winding is connected in series according to direction shown in Fig. 1, is dried using paint is invaded after the electromagnetic coil coiling of well conducting.
The technical means disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited only to technological means disclosed in above embodiment, further includes Technical solution consisting of any combination of the above technical features.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art For, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also considered as Protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1.一种永磁偏置单自由度轴向磁轴承，包括定子、转子铁芯（11），其特征在于：所述转子铁芯（11）包括轴向部分、径向部分；所述定子包括沿转子铁芯（11）的轴向部分，并以转子铁芯（11）的径向部分为对称中心，依次对称设置的左侧铁芯桥铁芯(1)、右侧铁芯桥铁芯(7)；左侧环形永磁体(2)、右侧环形永磁体(6)；磁轴承左侧定子铁芯(3)、磁轴承右侧定子铁芯(5)；磁轴承左侧定子铁芯(3)、磁轴承右侧定子铁芯(5)之间设置有隔磁铝环（4）；磁轴承左侧定子铁芯(3)、磁轴承右侧定子铁芯(5)均呈E形结构，定子槽内分别绕制有控制绕组(10)，控制绕组（10）之间采用的绕线方式为串联。1. A permanent magnet biased single-degree-of-freedom axial magnetic bearing, comprising a stator and a rotor core (11), characterized in that: the rotor core (11) includes an axial part and a radial part; the stator It includes the left iron core bridge iron core (1) and the right iron core bridge iron which are symmetrically arranged along the axial part of the rotor iron core (11) and take the radial part of the rotor iron core (11) as the center of symmetry. Core (7); left annular permanent magnet (2), right annular permanent magnet (6); magnetic bearing left stator iron core (3), magnetic bearing right stator iron core (5); magnetic bearing left stator A magnetic isolation aluminum ring (4) is arranged between the iron core (3) and the stator iron core (5) on the right side of the magnetic bearing; the stator iron core (3) on the left side of the magnetic bearing and the stator iron core (5) on the right side of the magnetic bearing are both It has an E-shaped structure, control windings (10) are respectively wound in the stator slots, and the winding mode adopted between the control windings (10) is series connection. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种永磁偏置单自由度轴向磁轴承，其特征在于：所述磁轴承左侧定子铁芯(3)、磁轴承右侧定子铁芯(5)均由上、下位置设置的吸力圆盘(12、13)以及中间位置设置的控制圆盘（8、9）构成，控制绕组(10)绕制于吸力圆盘(12、13)与控制圆盘（8、9）之间。2. A permanent magnet biased single-degree-of-freedom axial magnetic bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the left stator core (3) of the magnetic bearing and the right stator core (5) of the magnetic bearing Both are composed of suction discs (12, 13) set at the upper and lower positions and control discs (8, 9) set at the middle position. The control winding (10) is wound around the suction discs (12, 13) and the control discs. between discs (8, 9). 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种永磁偏置单自由度轴向磁轴承，其特征在于：所述控制圆盘（8、9）与转子铁芯（11）径向部分之间的气隙长度大于吸力圆盘（12、13）与转子铁芯（11）径向部分之间的气隙长度，且吸力圆盘（12、13）与转子铁芯（11）径向部分之间的气隙长度小于磁轴承左侧定子铁芯(3)和磁轴承右侧定子铁芯(5)与转子铁芯（11）轴向部分之间的气隙长度。3. A permanent magnet biased single-degree-of-freedom axial magnetic bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that: the space between the control discs (8, 9) and the radial part of the rotor core (11) is The length of the air gap is greater than the length of the air gap between the suction disc (12, 13) and the radial part of the rotor core (11), and the length between the suction disc (12, 13) and the radial part of the rotor core (11) The length of the air gap is less than the length of the air gap between the stator core (3) on the left side of the magnetic bearing and the axial part of the stator core (5) on the right side of the magnetic bearing and the rotor core (11). 4.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种永磁偏置单自由度轴向磁轴承，其特征在于：所述左侧环形永磁体(2)、右侧环形永磁体(6)均为轴向充磁的环形永磁体，为磁轴承提供偏置磁通。4. A permanent magnet biased single-degree-of-freedom axial magnetic bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the left annular permanent magnet (2) and the right annular permanent magnet (6) are both Axially magnetized annular permanent magnets that provide bias flux to the magnetic bearings. 5.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种永磁偏置单自由度轴向磁轴承，其特征在于：所述隔磁铝环（4）由整块铝材制成，将左右两侧磁路相隔开，且减少漏磁。5. A permanent magnet biased single-degree-of-freedom axial magnetic bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the magnetic isolation aluminum ring (4) is made of a whole piece of aluminum material, and the left and right sides are The magnetic circuits are separated and magnetic flux leakage is reduced. 6.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种永磁偏置单自由度轴向磁轴承，其特征在于：所述左侧铁芯桥铁芯(1)、磁轴承左侧定子铁芯(3)、磁轴承右侧定子铁芯(5)、右侧铁芯桥铁芯(7)、转子铁芯（11）均采用具有良好轴向和径向导磁性能的材料制成。6. A permanent magnet biased single-degree-of-freedom axial magnetic bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the left iron core bridge iron core (1), the magnetic bearing left stator iron core ( 3) The right stator iron core (5), the right iron core bridge iron core (7), and the rotor iron core (11) of the magnetic bearing are all made of materials with good axial and radial magnetic permeability. 7.根据权利要求4所述的一种永磁偏置单自由度轴向磁轴承，其特征在于：所述左侧环形永磁体(2)、右侧环形永磁体(6)均为稀土永磁材料制成。7. A permanent magnet biased single-degree-of-freedom axial magnetic bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: the left annular permanent magnet (2) and the right annular permanent magnet (6) are rare earth permanent magnets Made of magnetic material.
CN201610399385.2A 2016-06-08 2016-06-08 A Permanent Magnet Biased Single Degree of Freedom Axial Magnetic Bearing Withdrawn - After Issue CN105840654B (en)

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CN107327483B (en) * 2017-07-27 2019-02-05 江苏大学 A kind of AC-DC five-degree-of-freedom double spherical hybrid magnetic bearing for vehicle-mounted flywheel battery
CN108757731A (en) * 2018-06-30 2018-11-06 淮阴工学院 A kind of radial-axial Three Degree Of Freedom magnetic bearing of permanent magnet axial magnetized
CN108869545B (en) * 2018-08-31 2023-08-22 江苏大学 Inverter driving type axial-radial six-pole hybrid magnetic bearing
CN111434941A (en) * 2019-01-14 2020-07-21 坎德拉（深圳）科技创新有限公司 Hybrid radial magnetic bearing
GB202206036D0 (en) * 2021-12-01 2022-06-08 Edwards Japan Ltd Vacuum pump

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CN204284204U (en) * 2014-09-01 2015-04-22 江苏大学 A kind of low power consumption permanent magnet biased axial hybrid magnetic bearing
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CN205663759U (en) * 2016-06-08 2016-10-26 淮阴工学院 Permanent magnetism biasing single degree of freedom axial magnetic bearing

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