CN111102234B - Permanent magnet biased magnetic suspension bearing - Google Patents
Permanent magnet biased magnetic suspension bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN111102234B CN111102234B CN201911391068.6A CN201911391068A CN111102234B CN 111102234 B CN111102234 B CN 111102234B CN 201911391068 A CN201911391068 A CN 201911391068A CN 111102234 B CN111102234 B CN 111102234B
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- magnetic
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- permanent magnet
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/056—Bearings
- F04D29/058—Bearings magnetic; electromagnetic
Abstract
The invention discloses a permanent magnet biased magnetic suspension bearing, which comprises an axial magnetic suspension bearing and a radial magnetic suspension bearing arranged in the axial magnetic suspension bearing, wherein a permanent magnet is connected with an axial magnetic conduction ring and a radial stator iron core and provides an axial and radial biased magnetic field; the front and back surfaces of the conical thrust disc are planes, and form an axial magnetic gap with the axial magnetic conduction ring; the axial coils are positioned at the upper side and the lower side inside the axial magnetic conduction ring and provide an axial control magnetic field; a conical hole is formed in the center of the radial stator core, and a conical rotor lamination is arranged outside the conical thrust disc; the outer side circumferential edge of the conical rotor lamination is conical, and the conical surface of the edge is parallel to the surface of the conical hole of the radial stator core to form a conical radial magnetic gap; the radial magnetic flux generates a force vertical to the radial conical surface at each radial magnetic pole, so that the radial magnetic bearing can provide an axial unloading force while outputting a radial force, and a small axial current and a small axial thrust disc can provide a large axial load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-contact magnetic bearings, in particular to a small-size low-power-consumption permanent magnet biased three-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension bearing which can be used as a non-contact support for rotating parts in mechanical equipment such as compressors, blowers, molecular pumps and the like.
Background
The magnetic suspension bearing has the advantages of no friction, no abrasion, high speed, easy control, long service life and the like. Magnetic bearings have unique advantages in high speed rotating machines because the rotors of the magnetic bearings can reach very high rotational speeds without mechanical contact between the stator and the rotor. When the magnetic bearing is applied to occasions such as a blower, a compressor and the like, the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the impeller generates very large axial load on the rotor, so that higher requirements are put forward on the design of the axial magnetic bearing. In order to improve the maximum bearing capacity of the axial magnetic bearing, the following technical means are commonly used:
1. increasing the axial stator coil current results in increased coil copper losses, increased coil temperature, increased losses, and large currents that limit the choice of electronic power devices.
2. The radius of the thrust disc is increased, the rotor wind friction loss can be increased by the method, the surface linear velocity of the rotor is increased, the rotor dynamics safety margin is reduced, and the stability of system control is reduced.
3. The number of turns of the axial coil is increased, and the size of the axial magnetic conduction component is increased. This approach allows the magnetic bearing to increase in volume.
Therefore, in the prior art, to improve the axial bearing capacity, the performance indexes of loss, volume and other aspects are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: under the condition of ensuring small volume and low loss of the magnetic bearing, the axial load capacity of the magnetic bearing is increased as much as possible.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a permanent magnet biased magnetic suspension bearing comprises an axial magnetic suspension bearing and a radial magnetic bearing arranged in the axial magnetic suspension bearing, wherein a magnetic conduction ring of the axial magnetic bearing is connected with a stator core of the internal radial magnetic bearing through a permanent magnet ring, and the permanent magnet ring is magnetized in the radial direction and provides a bias magnetic field in the axial direction and the radial direction; the front surface and the rear surface of the conical thrust disc are planes, and form an axial air gap with the axial magnetic conduction ring; the axial coils are positioned at the upper side and the lower side inside the axial magnetic conductive ring and provide an axial control magnetic field; a conical hole is formed in the center of the radial stator core, a conical rotor lamination is arranged outside the conical thrust disc, the circumferential edge of the conical rotor lamination is conical, and the conical surface of the edge is parallel to the surface of the conical hole of the radial stator core to form a conical radial gap; the radial magnetic flux generates a force vertical to the radial conical surface at each radial magnetic pole, so that the radial magnetic suspension bearing can provide an axial unloading force while outputting a radial force, a small axial current and a small axial thrust disc can provide a large axial load, and the burden of the axial magnetic bearing is reduced.
According to the invention, in the magnetic suspension bearing, the thickness of the conical thrust disc is 1.2-1.5 times of the thickness of the radial stator core.
According to the invention, the radial stator core in the magnetic suspension bearing comprises 4 stator teeth and a stator yoke part connected with the stator teeth, the stator yoke part is made of silicon steel sheets with good magnetic permeability, each tooth forms a magnetic pole, radial coils are wound outside the teeth, and the 4 coils have the same polarity.
According to the invention, the axial magnetic guide ring in the magnetic suspension bearing is an integrated structure consisting of an upper circular ring, a lower circular ring and a middle circular ring, and the electrical pure iron with good magnetic conductivity is selected as a material;
according to the invention, the permanent magnet ring in the magnetic suspension bearing is annular, is magnetized in the radial direction and is made of ferrite permanent magnet material or rare earth permanent magnet material.
According to the invention, the conical thrust disc in the magnetic suspension bearing is connected with the rotor shaft to form a rotating part, the conical rotor lamination is arranged outside the conical thrust disc, the conical rotor lamination is made of silicon steel lamination with good magnetic conductivity, and the conical thrust disc and the rotor shaft are made of high-strength magnetic conduction material 40 Cr.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention has compact structure, extremely high space utilization rate, small volume, convenient installation and disassembly and increased application range of the magnetic suspension bearing;
(2) the radial magnetic suspension bearing of the invention utilizes the conical structure, can share the axial force while providing the radial force, does not need to increase the structural size of the axial magnetic suspension bearing, can improve the integral axial load capacity of the system, and reduces the axial length of the magnetic suspension bearing;
(3) the invention provides a bias magnetic field by using the permanent magnet, thereby reducing the number of turns of the coil, reducing the occupied space of the coil, reducing the current introduced into the coil and reducing the copper consumption generated by the coil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic suspension bearing with small volume and low power consumption provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic magnetic circuit diagram of a magnetic levitation structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic force direction diagram of a rotor of a magnetic suspension bearing structure in an embodiment.
In the figure: 1 is an axial magnetic conduction ring; 2 is an axial coil; 3 is a conical radial stator core; 4 is a conical rotor lamination; 5 is a rotor shaft; 6 is a conical thrust disc; 7 is an axial air gap; 8 is a conical radial gap; 9 is a radial coil; 10 is a permanent magnet ring; and 11 is a radial core yoke part.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the basic form of the invention is as follows: the permanent magnet rotor comprises an axial magnetic conduction ring 1, an axial coil 2, a radial coil 9, a conical rotor lamination 4, a conical thrust disc 6, a rotor shaft 5, a conical radial stator core 3 and a permanent magnet ring 10. The axial magnetic conduction ring 1 is connected with the inner conical radial stator core 3 through a permanent magnet ring 10, the permanent magnet ring 10 is magnetized in the radial direction, and meanwhile, an axial bias magnetic field and a radial bias magnetic field are provided; the front and back surfaces of the conical thrust disc 6 are planes, and form an axial magnetic gap with the axial magnetic conduction ring 1; the two groups of axial coils are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side in the axial magnetic conductive ring 1 and provide axial control magnetic fields; the conical radial stator core 3 is formed by laminating a plurality of silicon steel sheets, the inner diameters of the silicon steel sheets are gradually reduced from the upper side to the lower side to form an inner conical hole, and the outer surface of the conical rotor lamination 4 is parallel to the surface of the conical hole of the conical radial stator core 3 to form a conical radial magnetic gap; in the present example implementation, the tapered radial stator core 3 has four poles, each of which is surrounded by a radial coil. The number of poles is not limited to four and may be other reasonable values.
The specific working principle of the invention is as follows: the permanent magnetic circuit is shown in fig. 3, magnetic flux generated by a permanent magnet ring 10 starts from an N pole, passes through an axial magnetic conductive ring 1, an axial air gap 7, a conical thrust disc 6, a conical rotor lamination 4, a conical radial gap 8, a conical radial stator core 3 and finally returns to an S pole of the permanent magnet ring 10, in the process, the permanent magnetic flux simultaneously passes through the axial gap and the radial gap, and the permanent magnet ring 10 simultaneously provides a bias magnetic field for the axial magnetic bearing and the radial magnetic bearing. The tapered radial stator core 3 and the tapered rotor lamination 4 are tapered at their circumferential edges, so that the permanent magnetic flux generates a force perpendicular to the radial rotor surface at each radial magnetic pole, which forms a component in the z-direction.
The axial control magnetic circuit is shown in fig. 3, the two axial coils have the same polarity, and the generated control magnetic flux passes through the axial magnetic conductive ring 1, the two axial air gaps 7 and the conical thrust disc 6. In the axial air gap on one side, the axial control magnetic flux and the permanent magnetic flux have the same direction; in the axial air gap on the other side, the axial control magnetic flux is opposite to the permanent magnetic flux in direction, so that the size of the air gap magnetic field on the two sides of the conical thrust disc can be adjusted to achieve the purpose of changing the axial magnetic force, and as shown in fig. 5, F1 is the axial force direction.
The conical radial stator core 3 is of a four-tooth symmetrical structure, control windings are wound on the stator teeth, and the windings on two opposite teeth are connected in series to generate control magnetic fluxes in the same direction. The radial control magnetic circuit takes the magnetic flux generated after the Y-direction magnetic pole coil is energized as an example, as shown in fig. 4, an electromagnetic field passes through the Y + direction stator magnetic pole, the radial stator iron core 3, the Y-direction stator magnetic pole, the Y-direction radial air gap, and finally the conical rotor lamination 4, and the Y + direction radial air gap to form a closed loop. In the radial air gap, a regulating magnetic field is formed in the radial coil through a control current, and is superposed with a bias magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet circular ring 10, so that the magnetic flux in the air gap on one side of the rotor is increased, and the magnetic flux in the air gap on the other side is reduced, thereby generating radial electromagnetic force capable of being actively regulated, wherein F2 is shown in figure 5 as a radial force direction.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the thickness of the thrust disc is 1.2-1.5 times of that of the conical radial stator core 3. The conical radial stator core 3 comprises 4 stator tooth parts and radial stator core yoke parts connected with the tooth parts, and is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets with good magnetic conductivity, so that eddy current loss is reduced, each stator tooth part forms a magnetic pole, a radial control coil is wound outside the stator tooth part, and the polarities of the 4 coils are the same. The axial magnetic conduction ring 1 is an integrated structure formed by an upper circular ring, a lower circular ring and a middle circular ring, and is made of electrician pure iron with good magnetic conduction performance and higher strength. The permanent magnet ring 10 is circular, is magnetized radially, and is made of ferrite permanent magnet material or rare earth permanent magnet material. The conical thrust disc 6 is connected with the rotor shaft 5, the conical rotor lamination 4 is arranged outside the conical thrust disc 6, the conical rotor lamination 4 is made of silicon steel laminations with good magnetic conductivity, and the conical thrust disc 6 and the rotor shaft 5 are made of high-strength magnetic conductivity materials 40 Cr.
Claims (1)
1. A permanent magnet biased magnetic suspension bearing is characterized in that: the magnetic control device is composed of an axial magnetic conduction ring (1), an axial coil (2), a radial coil (9), a conical rotor lamination (4), a conical thrust disc (6), a rotor shaft (5), a conical radial stator core (3) and a permanent magnet ring (10), wherein the conical radial stator core (3) and the radial coil (9) are placed inside the axial magnetic conduction ring (1), and the permanent magnet ring (10) is connected with the axial magnetic conduction ring (1) and the conical radial stator core (3) and provides axial and radial bias magnetic fields at the same time and separates an axial control magnetic field from a radial control magnetic field; the conical radial stator core (3) is formed by stacking a plurality of layers of silicon steel sheets, the inner diameters of the silicon steel sheets are gradually reduced from top to bottom to form an inner conical hole, and a conical rotor lamination layer (4) is arranged outside the conical thrust disc (6); the radius of the conical rotor lamination (4) is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the outer side surface of the edge of the lamination forms a conical curved surface which is parallel to the inner diameter surface of the conical radial stator core (3) to form a conical radial air gap; the radial coil (9) is sleeved on the conical radial stator core (3) to provide a control magnetic field; the axial coil (2) comprises two coils which are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side inside the axial magnetic conductive ring (1); the conical thrust disc (6) is connected with the rotor shaft (5);
in the magnetic suspension bearing, in order to ensure that an axial air gap is within a reasonable working range, the thickness of the conical thrust disc (6) is 1.2-1.5 times that of the conical radial stator core (3);
the conical radial stator core (3) in the magnetic suspension bearing comprises 4 stator tooth parts and a stator yoke part connected with the stator tooth parts, and is made of silicon steel sheets with good magnetic conductivity, each tooth part forms a magnetic pole, 4 radial coils (9) are wound outside the tooth parts, and the polarities of the 4 coils are the same;
in the magnetic suspension bearing, the axial magnetic conduction ring (1) is an integrated structure consisting of an upper circular ring, a lower circular ring and a middle circular ring, and electrician pure iron with good magnetic conduction performance and high strength is selected as a material;
the permanent magnet ring (10) in the magnetic suspension bearing is annular, is magnetized in the radial direction and is made of ferrite permanent magnet materials or rare earth permanent magnet materials;
in the magnetic suspension bearing, a conical rotor lamination (4) is arranged outside the conical thrust disc (6), the lamination is made of silicon steel laminations with good magnetic conductivity, and the conical thrust disc (6) and the rotor shaft (5) are made of high-strength magnetic conductivity material 40 Cr;
permanent magnet magnetic circuit: the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet circular ring (10) starts from an N pole, passes through the axial magnetic conductive ring (1), the axial air gap (7), the conical thrust disc (6), the conical rotor lamination (4), the conical radial gap (8) and the conical radial stator core (3), and finally returns to an S pole of the permanent magnet circular ring (10), in the process, the permanent magnet magnetic flux simultaneously passes through the axial gap and the radial gap, and the permanent magnet circular ring (10) provides a bias magnetic field for the axial magnetic bearing and the radial magnetic bearing; the circumferential edges of the conical radial stator core (3) and the conical rotor lamination (4) adopt a conical structure, so that the permanent magnetic flux generates a force vertical to the surface of the radial rotor at each radial magnetic pole, and the force forms a component force in the z direction;
axial control magnetic circuit: the two axial coils have the same polarity, and the generated control magnetic flux passes through the axial magnetic conductive ring (1), the two axial air gaps (7) and the conical thrust disc (6), wherein the axial control magnetic flux and the permanent magnetic flux have the same direction in the axial air gap on one side; in the axial air gap on the other side, the axial control magnetic flux is opposite to the permanent magnetic flux in direction, so that the size of air gap magnetic fields on two sides of the conical thrust disc can be adjusted, and the purpose of changing the axial magnetic force is achieved;
the conical radial stator core (3) is of a four-tooth symmetrical structure, control windings are wound on the stator teeth, and the windings on two opposite teeth are connected in series to generate control magnetic fluxes in the same direction; for the magnetic flux generated by the radial control magnetic circuit after the Y-direction magnetic pole coil is electrified, the electromagnetic magnetic field respectively passes through the Y + direction stator magnetic pole, the conical radial stator iron core (3), the Y-direction stator magnetic pole and the Y-direction radial air gap, and finally passes through the conical rotor lamination (4) and the Y + direction radial air gap to form a closed loop; in the radial air gap, an adjusting magnetic field is formed in the radial coil through control current and is superposed with a bias magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet circular ring (10), so that the magnetic flux in the air gap on one side of the rotor is increased, and the magnetic flux in the air gap on the other side is reduced, thereby generating radial electromagnetic force capable of being actively adjusted;
the conical radial stator core (3) comprises 4 stator tooth parts and a radial stator core yoke part connected with the tooth parts, and is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets with good magnetic conductivity, so that the eddy current loss is reduced, each stator tooth part forms a magnetic pole, a radial control coil is wound outside the stator tooth part, and the polarities of the 4 coils are the same; the axial magnetic conduction ring (1) is an integrated structure consisting of an upper circular ring, a lower circular ring and a middle circular ring, and is made of electrical pure iron with good magnetic conduction performance and higher strength; the permanent magnet ring (10) is in a ring shape, is magnetized in the radial direction and is made of ferrite permanent magnet materials or rare earth permanent magnet materials; the conical thrust disc (6) is connected with the rotor shaft (5), the conical rotor lamination (4) is arranged outside the conical thrust disc (6), and the conical rotor lamination (4) is made of silicon steel laminations with good magnetic conductivity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911391068.6A CN111102234B (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Permanent magnet biased magnetic suspension bearing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911391068.6A CN111102234B (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Permanent magnet biased magnetic suspension bearing |
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| CN111102234A CN111102234A (en) | 2020-05-05 |
| CN111102234B true CN111102234B (en) | 2021-09-03 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112983988B (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-12-20 | 苏州保邦电气有限公司 | Composite magnetic suspension bearing and magnetic suspension bearing system |
| CN113847272A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2021-12-28 | 江苏讯智捷能源环保有限公司 | Novel magnetic suspension air-blower |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63111311A (en) * | 1986-10-28 | 1988-05-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Magnetic bearing device |
| CN101761570A (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2010-06-30 | 卓向东 | Taper magnet ring for magnetic suspension bearing |
| CN102305242A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2012-01-04 | 江苏大学 | Radial-axial three-degree-of-freedom alternating current-direct current hybrid magnetic bearing |
| CN102322481A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-01-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | Radial decoupling taper magnetic bearing with three degree of freedom |
| CN109707735A (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2019-05-03 | 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 | Magnetic bearing |
-
2019
- 2019-12-30 CN CN201911391068.6A patent/CN111102234B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63111311A (en) * | 1986-10-28 | 1988-05-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Magnetic bearing device |
| CN101761570A (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2010-06-30 | 卓向东 | Taper magnet ring for magnetic suspension bearing |
| CN102305242A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2012-01-04 | 江苏大学 | Radial-axial three-degree-of-freedom alternating current-direct current hybrid magnetic bearing |
| CN102322481A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-01-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | Radial decoupling taper magnetic bearing with three degree of freedom |
| CN109707735A (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2019-05-03 | 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 | Magnetic bearing |
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