CN109169724B - Leaf preserving agent for preventing early leaf falling of apple trees and using method thereof - Google Patents

Leaf preserving agent for preventing early leaf falling of apple trees and using method thereof Download PDF

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CN109169724B
CN109169724B CN201810900191.5A CN201810900191A CN109169724B CN 109169724 B CN109169724 B CN 109169724B CN 201810900191 A CN201810900191 A CN 201810900191A CN 109169724 B CN109169724 B CN 109169724B
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CN109169724A (en
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万立军
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Shaanxi Greecropscience Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
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    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A01N43/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia

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Abstract

The invention discloses a leaf preserving agent for preventing early leaf falling of apple trees, which comprises Ce (NH)4)2(NO3)6The plant compound extract is a compound extract of licorice leaves, pecan leaves and oriental cherry flowers. The invention adopts the self-made leaf retention agent for preventing early leaf loss of apple trees, so that the leaf loss condition of the apple trees is obviously improved, compared with the traditional formula of 8-hydroxyquinoline, polyethylene glycol and alpha-naphthylacetic acid leaf retention agent, the leaf retention rate of the apple trees can be obviously improved compared with the traditional formula by spraying the leaf retention agent, the branches and leaves of the apple trees are more dense when the apples are ripe and picked, and the yield of the apples is correspondingly improved.

Description

Leaf preserving agent for preventing early leaf falling of apple trees and using method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation and planting, in particular to a leaf protecting agent for preventing early leaf falling of apple trees and a using method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the phenomena of premature senility and premature drop of apple tree leaves are quite common, the early-stage defoliation infection rate of some apple orchards reaches 100 percent, and the apple orchards bring undesirable economic loss to fruit growers. Production practice shows that the apple tree leaves are protected and cannot be ignored. Generally, the significance of apple leaf retention is: 1) leaves are the main organs for producing organic nutrients by photosynthesis. 90% of dry matters in plants are synthesized by leaves, the activity of the leaves is the material basis for the growth, development, flowering and fruiting of fruit trees, and particularly the quantity and quality of the leaves of the trees in autumn directly influence the later fruit development, quality improvement and further differentiation of flower buds, namely the trees grow by leaves and the fruits grow by leaves. 2) If the leaves are premature and early-falling, the leaves can not well produce and store nutrition for the tree body, so that the assimilation function is not strong, the accumulation level is low, the material condition for promoting the growth and development of the tree body in the next year is poor, and the sprouting, the flowering, the fruit setting and the young fruit development in the next year are inevitably greatly influenced. 40% of stored nutrition is consumed in flowering, and the growth of new shoots within 10-20 cm is dependent on the nutrition stored in the last year. The early senescence and early falling of the leaves can cause that the originally lacked stored nutrition is difficult to meet the requirements of flowering and treetop in the next year, so that the next year is often caused by small flower buds, small quantity, low fruit setting rate, slow young fruit development, thin and short new treetop and the like, and the young fruit is formed. 3) As the leaves are premature senility and early fall, the leaf area index is low, and the normal physiological functions of the tree such as respiration, transpiration, absorption, storage and the like are limited, the stress resistance of the tree is greatly reduced, diseases and pests can enter in a false way, and the outbreak of spring rot, dry rot and the like can be easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a leaf retention agent for preventing early leaf falling of apple trees, which comprises Ce (NH)4)2(NO3)6The plant compound extract is a compound extract of licorice leaves, pecan leaves and oriental cherry flowers.
Further, the leaf protecting agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: ce (NH)4)2(NO3)6 5-10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 15-20 parts of polyethylene glycol, 2-8 parts of 8-hydroxyquinoline and 10 parts of plant composite extract.
Further, the preparation method of the plant composite extract comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and mashing fresh licorice leaves, fresh pecan leaves and fresh cherry blossom petals, then soaking the mash in water to boil, cooling to room temperature after boiling, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain extracted residues and an extracting solution A;
(2) soaking the extracted residues in a compound enzymatic hydrolysate for enzymolysis, and performing solid-liquid separation after enzymolysis to obtain enzymolysis residues and an extracting solution B;
(3) soaking the enzymolysis residues in an ethyl acetate ethanol solution, pouring the enzymolysis residues and the ethyl acetate ethanol solution into a reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, heating the mixture in the reaction kettle to 150-170 ℃, preserving the heat for more than 1h, cooling after the heat preservation is finished, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain an extracting solution C;
(4) and (3) carrying out enzyme deactivation treatment on the extracting solution B, then uniformly mixing the enzyme-deactivated extracting solution B with the extracting solution A and the extracting solution C, and carrying out reduced pressure concentration on the mixed solution to obtain the plant composite extract.
Further, in the step (1), the weight ratio of the fresh liquorice leaves, the fresh pecan leaves and the fresh cherry blossom petals is as follows:
the liquorice leaves, the pecan leaves, the cherry blossom petals and the liquorice leaves are 1: 3-5: 2-3,
and soaking the mixed mash in water for boiling, wherein the mass of the water is more than 3 times of that of the mixed mash, and the boiling time is 10-20 min.
Further, in the step (2), the composite enzymolysis liquid comprises 1.2-1.5% of cellulase and 1.2-1.5% of pectinase by weight, the mass of the composite enzymolysis liquid is more than 3 times of the mass of the extracted residues, the enzymolysis temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 5-6 hours.
Further, in the step (3), the volume ratio of ethyl acetate to ethanol in the ethyl acetate ethanol solution is 2:8, and the mass of the ethyl acetate ethanol solution is 2 times of that of the enzymolysis residues.
Further, the enzyme deactivation treatment is to heat the extracting solution B to 85-90 ℃ and preserve the temperature for 5-10 min.
The invention also discloses a use method of the leaf protecting agent, which comprises the following steps: the leaf preserving agent is added with water according to the weight ratio of the leaf preserving agent to the water of 1: 500-700, the apple trees are sprayed twice each year, the leaf preserving agent after water is sprayed into the apple trees for the first time in the period that the apple flowers are red, and the leaf preserving agent after water is sprayed into the apple trees for the second time for 1-5 days after the apple flowers are bagged, wherein one part of the leaf preserving agent is sprayed onto the leaves, and the other part of the leaf preserving agent is irrigated to the roots of the apple trees.
Further, the amount of each spray is: the spraying amount to the leaves is 18-20 jin/plant, and the watering amount to the root of the apple tree is 10-12 jin/plant.
And further, after the second spraying, continuously watering the root of the apple tree with the watered leaf retention agent for 2-3 days, wherein the watering amount is 3-5 jin/plant each day.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts the self-made leaf retention agent for preventing early leaf loss of apple trees, so that the leaf loss condition of the apple trees is obviously improved, compared with the traditional formula of 8-hydroxyquinoline, polyethylene glycol and alpha-naphthylacetic acid leaf retention agent, the leaf retention rate of the apple trees can be obviously improved compared with the traditional formula by spraying the leaf retention agent, the branches and leaves of the apple trees are more dense when the apples are ripe and picked, and the yield of the apples is correspondingly improved.
2. Aiming at the self-made leaf retention agent, a large number of practical trials conclude the optimal spraying method of the leaf retention agent, and compared with an irrigation mode of only spraying leaves or only irrigating tree roots, the spraying method adopted by the invention can better exert the leaf retention effect of the leaf retention agent, thereby showing that the yield of apples is improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
A leaf protecting agent for preventing early leaf falling of apple tree comprises Ce (NH)4)2(NO3)6The plant compound extract is a compound extract of licorice leaves, pecan leaves and oriental cherry flowers. The leaf protecting agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: ce (NH)4)2(NO3)6 5 parts of polyethylene glycol, 15 parts of 8-hydroxyquinoline and 10 parts of plant composite extract.
The preparation method of the plant composite extract used in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) fresh liquorice leaves, fresh pecan leaves and fresh cherry blossom petals are mixed according to the weight ratio:
licorice leaves, hickory leaves, cherry petals =1:3:2,
mixing and mashing, then soaking the mashed material in water for boiling, wherein the mass of the water is 3 times of that of the mixed and mashed material, the boiling time is 10min, cooling to room temperature after boiling, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain residue after extraction and an extracting solution A;
(2) and soaking the extracted residues in a compound enzymolysis liquid of cellulase and pectinase for enzymolysis, wherein the mass percentage of the cellulase in the compound enzymolysis liquid is 1.2%, the mass percentage of the pectinase is 1.2%, the mass of the compound enzymolysis liquid is 3 times of that of the extracted residues, the enzymolysis temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 5 hours. After enzymolysis, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain enzymolysis residues and an extracting solution B;
(3) soaking the enzymolysis residues in an ethyl acetate ethanol solution (the volume ratio of ethyl acetate to ethanol =2:8) with the mass of the enzymolysis residues being 2 times, pouring the enzymolysis residues and the ethyl acetate ethanol solution into a reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, heating the mixture in the reaction kettle to 150 ℃, preserving heat for 1h, cooling after heat preservation is finished, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain an extracting solution C;
(4) heating the extracting solution B to 85-90 ℃, preserving heat for 5min for enzyme deactivation, then uniformly mixing the enzyme-deactivated extracting solution B with the extracting solution A and the extracting solution C, and concentrating the mixed solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 of the volume of the mixed solution to obtain the plant composite extract.
Example 2
A leaf protecting agent for preventing early leaf falling of apple tree comprises Ce (NH)4)2(NO3)6The plant compound extract is a compound extract of licorice leaves, pecan leaves and oriental cherry flowers. The leaf protecting agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: ce (NH)4)2(NO3)6 7 parts of polyethylene glycol, 17 parts of 8-hydroxyquinoline and 10 parts of plant composite extract.
The preparation method of the plant composite extract used in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) fresh liquorice leaves, fresh pecan leaves and fresh cherry blossom petals are mixed according to the weight ratio:
licorice leaves, hickory leaves, cherry petals =1:4:2,
mixing and mashing, then soaking the mashed material in water for boiling, wherein the mass of the water is 3 times of that of the mixed and mashed material, the boiling time is 10min, cooling to room temperature after boiling, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain residue after extraction and an extracting solution A;
(2) and soaking the extracted residues in a compound enzymolysis liquid of cellulase and pectinase for enzymolysis, wherein the mass percentage of the cellulase in the compound enzymolysis liquid is 1.3%, the mass percentage of the pectinase is 1.3%, the mass of the compound enzymolysis liquid is 3 times of that of the extracted residues, the enzymolysis temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 5 hours. After enzymolysis, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain enzymolysis residues and an extracting solution B;
(3) soaking the enzymolysis residues in an ethyl acetate ethanol solution (the volume ratio of ethyl acetate to ethanol =2:8) with the mass of the enzymolysis residues being 2 times, pouring the enzymolysis residues and the ethyl acetate ethanol solution into a reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, heating the mixture in the reaction kettle to 150 ℃, preserving heat for 1h, cooling after heat preservation is finished, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain an extracting solution C;
(4) heating the extracting solution B to 85-90 ℃, preserving heat for 5min for enzyme deactivation, then uniformly mixing the enzyme-deactivated extracting solution B with the extracting solution A and the extracting solution C, and concentrating the mixed solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 of the volume of the mixed solution to obtain the plant composite extract.
Example 3
A leaf protecting agent for preventing early leaf falling of apple tree comprises Ce (NH)4)2(NO3)6The plant compound extract is a compound extract of licorice leaves, pecan leaves and oriental cherry flowers. The leaf protecting agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: ce (NH)4)2(NO3)6 8 parts, 17 parts of polyethylene glycol, 6 parts of 8-hydroxyquinoline and 10 parts of plant composite extract.
The preparation method of the plant composite extract used in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) fresh liquorice leaves, fresh pecan leaves and fresh cherry blossom petals are mixed according to the weight ratio:
licorice leaves, hickory leaves, cherry petals =1:5:2,
mixing and mashing, then soaking the mashed material in water for boiling, wherein the mass of the water is 3 times of that of the mixed and mashed material, the boiling time is 10-20 min, cooling to room temperature after boiling, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain extracted residues and an extracting solution A;
(2) and soaking the extracted residues in a compound enzymolysis liquid of cellulase and pectinase for enzymolysis, wherein the mass percentage of the cellulase in the compound enzymolysis liquid is 1.5%, the mass percentage of the pectinase is 1.5%, the mass of the compound enzymolysis liquid is 3 times of that of the extracted residues, the enzymolysis temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 6 hours. After enzymolysis, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain enzymolysis residues and an extracting solution B;
(3) soaking the enzymolysis residues in an ethyl acetate ethanol solution (the volume ratio of ethyl acetate to ethanol =2:8) with the mass of the enzymolysis residues being 2 times, pouring the enzymolysis residues and the ethyl acetate ethanol solution into a reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, heating the mixture in the reaction kettle to 160 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, cooling after heat preservation is finished, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain an extracting solution C;
(4) heating the extracting solution B to 85-90 ℃, preserving heat for 5min for enzyme deactivation, then uniformly mixing the enzyme-deactivated extracting solution B with the extracting solution A and the extracting solution C, and concentrating the mixed solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 of the volume of the mixed solution to obtain the plant composite extract.
Example 4
A leaf protecting agent for preventing early leaf falling of apple tree comprises Ce (NH)4)2(NO3)6The plant compound extract is a compound extract of licorice leaves, pecan leaves and oriental cherry flowers. The leaf protecting agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: ce (NH)4)2(NO3)6 9 parts of polyethylene glycol, 18 parts of 8-hydroxyquinoline and 10 parts of plant composite extract.
The preparation method of the plant composite extract used in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) fresh liquorice leaves, fresh pecan leaves and fresh cherry blossom petals are mixed according to the weight ratio:
licorice leaves, hickory leaves, cherry petals =1:3:3,
mixing and mashing, then soaking the mashed material in water for boiling, wherein the mass of the water is 3 times of that of the mixed and mashed material, the boiling time is 20min, cooling to room temperature after boiling, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain residue after extraction and extract A;
(2) and soaking the extracted residues in a compound enzymolysis liquid of cellulase and pectinase for enzymolysis, wherein the mass percentage of the cellulase in the compound enzymolysis liquid is 1.4%, the mass percentage of the pectinase is 1.4%, the mass of the compound enzymolysis liquid is 3 times of that of the extracted residues, the enzymolysis temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 6 hours. After enzymolysis, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain enzymolysis residues and an extracting solution B;
(3) soaking the enzymolysis residues in an ethyl acetate ethanol solution (the volume ratio of ethyl acetate to ethanol =2:8) with the mass of the enzymolysis residues being 2 times, pouring the enzymolysis residues and the ethyl acetate ethanol solution into a reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, heating the mixture in the reaction kettle to 170 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, cooling after heat preservation is finished, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain an extracting solution C;
(4) heating the extracting solution B to 85-90 ℃, preserving heat for 10min for enzyme deactivation, then uniformly mixing the enzyme-deactivated extracting solution B with the extracting solution A and the extracting solution C, and concentrating the mixed solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 of the volume of the mixed solution to obtain the plant composite extract.
Example 5
A leaf protecting agent for preventing early leaf falling of apple tree comprises Ce (NH)4)2(NO3)6The plant compound extract is a compound extract of licorice leaves, pecan leaves and oriental cherry flowers. The leaf protecting agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: ce (NH)4)2(NO3)6 10 parts, 20 parts of polyethylene glycol, 8 parts of 8-hydroxyquinoline and 10 parts of plant composite extract.
The preparation method of the plant composite extract used in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) fresh liquorice leaves, fresh pecan leaves and fresh cherry blossom petals are mixed according to the weight ratio:
licorice leaves, hickory leaves, cherry petals =1:5:3,
mixing and mashing, then soaking the mashed material in water for boiling, wherein the mass of the water is 3 times of that of the mixed and mashed material, the boiling time is 20min, cooling to room temperature after boiling, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain residue after extraction and extract A;
(2) and soaking the extracted residues in a compound enzymolysis liquid of cellulase and pectinase for enzymolysis, wherein the mass percentage of the cellulase in the compound enzymolysis liquid is 1.5%, the mass percentage of the pectinase is 1.5%, the mass of the compound enzymolysis liquid is 3 times of that of the extracted residues, the enzymolysis temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 6 hours. After enzymolysis, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain enzymolysis residues and an extracting solution B;
(3) soaking the enzymolysis residues in an ethyl acetate ethanol solution (the volume ratio of ethyl acetate to ethanol =2:8) with the mass of the enzymolysis residues being 2 times, pouring the enzymolysis residues and the ethyl acetate ethanol solution into a reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, heating the mixture in the reaction kettle to 170 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, cooling after heat preservation is finished, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain an extracting solution C;
(4) heating the extracting solution B to 85-90 ℃, preserving heat for 10min for enzyme deactivation, then uniformly mixing the enzyme-deactivated extracting solution B with the extracting solution A and the extracting solution C, and concentrating the mixed solution under reduced pressure to 1/5 of the volume of the mixed solution to obtain the plant composite extract.
Example 6
A leaf protecting agent for preventing early leaf falling of apple trees comprises 8-hydroxyquinoline, polyethylene glycol and alpha-naphthylacetic acid, wherein the components in parts by weight are as follows: 3 parts of 8-hydroxyquinoline, 8 parts of polyethylene glycol and 0.3 part of alpha-naphthylacetic acid.
Example 7
A leaf protecting agent for preventing early leaf drop of apple trees comprises polyethylene glycol, 8-hydroxyquinoline and a plant composite extract, wherein the plant composite extract is a composite extract of licorice leaves, pecan leaves and oriental cherry flowers. The leaf protecting agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 17 parts of polyethylene glycol, 6 parts of 8-hydroxyquinoline and 10 parts of plant composite extract. The preparation method of the plant composite extract used in this example was exactly the same as the preparation method of the plant composite extract used in example 3.
Example 8
A leaf protecting agent for preventing early leaf falling of apple tree comprises Ce (NH)4)2(NO3)6Polyethylene glycol and 8-hydroxyquinoline. The leaf protecting agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: ce (NH)4)2(NO3)6 8 parts, 17 parts of polyethylene glycol and 6 parts of 8-hydroxyquinoline.
Example 9
24 apple trees with the same age and similar size are selected as research objects in the same plantation area, and the 24 apple trees are averagely divided into 8 groups of 3 trees. The leaf preserving agent obtained in the above embodiments 1 to 8 is sprayed to a group of apple trees respectively, each group is limited to spraying one leaf preserving agent, and the spraying methods are as follows:
adding water into the leaf protecting agent according to the weight ratio of the leaf protecting agent to the water of 1:500, spraying the leaf protecting agent twice in the growth cycle of the apple tree, wherein the leaf protecting agent after water is sprayed into the apple tree in the first time of the red period of the apple blossom, and the leaf protecting agent after water is sprayed into the apple tree in the second time of the first day after bagging after the apple blossom, wherein one part of the leaf protecting agent is sprayed on the leaves, and the other part of the leaf protecting agent is irrigated to the root of the apple tree. The amount sprayed each time was: the spraying amount to the leaves is 18 jin/plant, and the watering amount to the root of the apple tree is 10 jin/plant. When the fruit trees begin to bear fruits, the situation of the leaves of each group of apple trees is observed, and it can be obviously seen that the apple trees sprayed with the leaf preserving agent in the embodiments 1-5 are flourishing and have obviously more leaves than the apple trees sprayed with the leaf preserving agent in the embodiments 6-8. In order to more intuitively represent the effect of the leaf retention agent, after the apples are ripe, the apples of each group of apple trees are picked off and weighed, the average yield kg of the apples of each group of apple trees per plant is calculated, and the result is shown in table 1.
Example 10
In addition, 6 apple trees which are in the same planting area as the apple trees selected in the example 9 and have the same tree age and similar size are selected as research objects, and the 6 apple trees are averagely divided into two groups, wherein each group comprises 3 apple trees. The leaf protecting agents obtained in the above examples 3 and 6 are respectively sprayed on two groups of apple trees of this example, and the spraying method is as follows:
the leaf preserving agent obtained in the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 6 is added with water according to the weight ratio of the leaf preserving agent to the water of 1:500 respectively, and apple trees are sprayed twice in the growth period of the apples, wherein only the leaves are sprayed each time in the first time of the apple blossom period and in the second time of the first day after the apple flowers are bagged, and the roots of the apple trees are not irrigated. The amount sprayed each time was: the spraying amount to the leaves is 18 jin/plant. After the apples are ripe, picking off the apples of each group of apple trees, weighing, and calculating the average yield kg of apples per plant of each group of apple trees, wherein the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure 570950DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
As shown in Table 1, the self-made leaf retention agent for preventing early leaf loss of apple trees is adopted, so that the leaf loss condition of the apple trees is obviously improved, and compared with the traditional 8-hydroxyquinoline, polyethylene glycol and alpha-naphthylacetic acid leaf retention agent formula, the leaf retention rate of the apple trees can be obviously improved by spraying the leaf retention agent disclosed by the invention, and further the yield of apples is correspondingly improved. Comparing example 10 with example 3, it is found that the leaf-protecting effect of the leaf-protecting agent is more exhibited by the spraying method of the present invention than by the watering method in which only the leaves are sprayed, and further the yield of apples is improved.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail above, and for those skilled in the art, the ideas according to the embodiments of the present invention may be changed in the specific implementation manners and the application ranges, and in summary, the content of the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The application method of the leaf preserving agent for preventing early leaf falling of the apple trees is characterized in that the leaf preserving agent is mixed with water according to the weight ratio of the leaf preserving agent to the water of 1: 500-700, the apple trees are sprayed twice every year, the leaf preserving agent mixed with water is divided into two parts by each spraying, wherein the leaf preserving agent mixed with water is sprayed on one part of the leaves, and the other part of the leaves is irrigated to the roots of the apple trees in the first time in the flower bloom red period of the apples and in the second time for 1-5 days after the flowers are bagged;
the leaf protecting agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: ce (NH)4)2(NO3)6 5-10 parts of polyethylene glycol, 15-20 parts of polyethylene glycol, 2-8 parts of 8-hydroxyquinoline and 10 parts of plant composite extract;
the preparation method of the plant composite extract comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and mashing fresh licorice leaves, fresh pecan leaves and fresh cherry blossom petals, then soaking the mash in water to boil, cooling to room temperature after boiling, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain extracted residues and an extracting solution A;
(2) soaking the extracted residues in a compound enzymatic hydrolysate for enzymolysis, and performing solid-liquid separation after enzymolysis to obtain enzymolysis residues and an extracting solution B;
(3) soaking the enzymolysis residues in an ethyl acetate ethanol solution, pouring the enzymolysis residues and the ethyl acetate ethanol solution into a reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, heating the mixture in the reaction kettle to 150-170 ℃, preserving the heat for more than 1h, cooling after the heat preservation is finished, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain an extracting solution C;
(4) performing enzyme deactivation treatment on the extracting solution B, then uniformly mixing the enzyme-deactivated extracting solution B with the extracting solution A and the extracting solution C, and concentrating the mixed solution under reduced pressure to obtain the plant composite extract;
in the step (1), the weight ratio of the fresh liquorice leaves, the fresh pecan leaves and the fresh cherry blossom petals is as follows:
the liquorice leaves, the pecan leaves, the cherry blossom petals and the liquorice leaves are 1: 3-5: 2-3,
soaking the mixed mash in water for boiling, wherein the mass of the water is more than 3 times of that of the mixed mash, and the boiling time is 10-20 min;
in the step (2), the composite enzymolysis liquid comprises cellulase and pectinase, the mass percentage of the cellulase is 1.2% -1.5%, the mass percentage of the pectinase is 1.2% -1.5%, the mass of the composite enzymolysis liquid is more than 3 times of the mass of the extracted residues, the enzymolysis temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 5-6 hours;
in the step (3), the volume ratio of ethyl acetate to ethanol in the ethyl acetate ethanol solution is 2:8, and the mass of the ethyl acetate ethanol solution is 2 times of that of the enzymolysis residues;
and the enzyme deactivation treatment is to heat the extracting solution B to 85-90 ℃ and keep the temperature for 5-10 min.
2. The use method of the leaf protecting agent according to claim 1, wherein the amount of each spraying is as follows: the spraying amount to the leaves is 18-20 jin/plant, and the watering amount to the root of the apple tree is 10-12 jin/plant.
3. The use method of the leaf preserving agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the watered leaf preserving agent is continuously watered to the root of the apple tree for 2-3 days after the second spraying, and the watering amount is 3-5 jin/plant per day.
CN201810900191.5A 2018-08-09 2018-08-09 Leaf preserving agent for preventing early leaf falling of apple trees and using method thereof Active CN109169724B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101385463A (en) * 2008-10-24 2009-03-18 山西振远生物科技有限公司 Cotton defoliant
CN101700013A (en) * 2009-11-03 2010-05-05 安阳市小康农药有限责任公司 Leaf preserving agent and preparation method thereof
CN101871188A (en) * 2009-04-25 2010-10-27 刘利军 Slow-release, anti-drought and salt-tolerant lawn paper and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101385463A (en) * 2008-10-24 2009-03-18 山西振远生物科技有限公司 Cotton defoliant
CN101871188A (en) * 2009-04-25 2010-10-27 刘利军 Slow-release, anti-drought and salt-tolerant lawn paper and preparation method thereof
CN101700013A (en) * 2009-11-03 2010-05-05 安阳市小康农药有限责任公司 Leaf preserving agent and preparation method thereof

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