CN109169262A - Flax hybridizing method - Google Patents
Flax hybridizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109169262A CN109169262A CN201811221460.1A CN201811221460A CN109169262A CN 109169262 A CN109169262 A CN 109169262A CN 201811221460 A CN201811221460 A CN 201811221460A CN 109169262 A CN109169262 A CN 109169262A
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- flax
- emasculation
- maternal
- support component
- plant
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
" a kind of flax hybridizing method " of the invention, belong to plant breeding teclmiques, the following steps are included: emasculation: in flax full-bloom stage, after sunrise time 2-3 hour in flax cultivation area, selection petal stretches out the unopened flax of sepal 2-4mm on being elected to be maternal plant, it strips petal and stamen completes emasculation, bagging prevents from mixing；Hybridization pollination: 12-24 hours after emasculation, the maternal column cap of emasculation to be done is compared with 3-5mm is extended before emasculation when, acquisition is elected to be flax just in full bloom on the plant of male parent, the column cap of the maternal flax after going slightly touching emasculation with the anther on male parent filigree, hybridization pollination is completed, bagging prevents from mixing；After natural maturity, the hybrid seed born by maternal flower through above-mentioned artificial hybridization step is harvested.It is easy to operate efficient, show that the Cross fertile rate of this method can reach 80%-90% through many years of field hybridization practical data.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant hybridization breeding technique more particularly to a kind of flax hybridizing methods.
Background technique
Flax is a kind of important oil crops annual herb plant, is suitable on the ground to cool, the arid, sunshine-duration is grown
Area, Shanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, the Inner Mongol, the areas such as Xinjiang are mainly distributed in China.
Artificial hybridization is to obtain the main method of flax cross materials, is carried out target Agronomic Traits by artificial hybridization whole
It closes, obtains and show excellent hybridization single plant, realize different breeding objectives.However, in the prior art, conventional flax hybridization is educated
, the relationship description of Cross fertile rate and maternal column cap extended length unclear to the description of emasculation time and pollination time in kind technology
Unclear, hybridization success rate is extremely low, affects crossbreeding success rate.It is therefore desirable to Improvement flax hybridization techniques.
Summary of the invention
For the demand for solving above-mentioned field, inventor proposes that one kind is easy to operate, and it is miscellaneous to be remarkably improved flax
Hand over the hybridizing method technical solution of success rate as follows:
A kind of flax hybridizing method, which comprises the following steps:
Emasculation: after flax full-bloom stage, sunrise time 2-3 hour in flax cultivation area, on being elected to be maternal plant
It selects petal to stretch out the unopened flax of sepal 2-4mm, strips petal and stamen completes emasculation；
Hybridization pollination: 12-24 hours after emasculation, the maternal column cap of emasculation to be done is compared with 3-5mm is extended before emasculation when, acquisition
It is elected to be the stamen of flax just in full bloom on the plant of male parent, the column cap for slightly touching the maternal flax after emasculation is removed, completes
Hybridization pollination harvests the hybrid seed born in the flower through above-mentioned artificial hybridization step after natural maturity.
Preferably, every maternal flax is pollinated with the pollen of 3-5 male parent flax.With guarantee appropriate pollen amount and
Density.
Preferably, the time of the artificial pollination is 24 hours after emasculation, before the maternal column cap of emasculation to be done is compared with emasculation
When extending 3-5mm, and when the male parent is in full bloom.
Preferably, after the emasculation, further include the steps that for the female parent being isolated from the outside, prevent the flower of non-targeted single plant
Powder pollution.
Preferably, after artificial pollination, further include the steps that for the female parent after pollination being isolated from the outside, prevent non-targeted
The pollen contamination of single plant.
Preferably, described that the isolation is realized using bagging.
Preferably, using the hybridization auxiliary stand assisted hybridization having following structure:
Comprising rigid support component 1, flexible support component 2, clamping device 3, object placement component 4 and ground fixed structure；
The lower end of the rigid support component 1 is supported for being connected to ground fixed structure upper end, the rigidity branch
The upper end of column assembly 1 can load and fix the flexible support component 2 of at least one, the free end of the flexible support component 2
It is provided with clamping device 3, the clamping device 3 is for the fixed tender tip to hybrid plant；The object placement component 4 is arranged described
On rigid support component 1.In use, being secured the stand to by the single plant for needing to hybridize by ground fixed structure, adjustment aid
The height and angle of device are close to the fixed tender tip to hybrid plant of hybrid plant.If any multiple flexible support components
2 and clamping device 3, then multiple plant can be fixed simultaneously, improve operating efficiency.
Preferably, the flexible support component 2 can be arbitrarily straightened, and be bent and/or folded and keep shape invariance.
Preferably, the flexible support component 2 selects flexible stereotypes hoses or aluminium alloy direction flexible material to be made.
Preferably, two clamping faces of the clamping device 3 are concave folder face, so that two aid faces do not connect mutually
Touching.
Preferably, colored face is contacted in the clamping device 3 and be provided with flexible unit, prevent damage from spending.
Preferably, the adjustable in length of the rigid support component 1.It can be described rigid according to the height adjustment of plant
Property strut assemblies 1 length, thus control the bracket height and plant be adapted.
Preferably, the ground fixed structure includes the pedestal 5 perpendicular to the rigid column assembly and is set to the bottom
Seat lower section
Ground insert 6.
Preferably, the object placement component 4 is storage box or article tray.
Preferably, the bottom of the object placement component 4 is provided with magnet assembly.Suction can be formed to hybridization tool to avoid
It falls in soil.
Preferably, the object placement component 4 can be fixed on the arbitrary height of the rigid support component 1.
Flax hybridizing method provided by the invention, it is easy to operate, by selecting the time of emasculation and pollination, improve hybridization
Success rate and hybridization purity, field statistical data show that 80% or more Cross fertile rate may be implemented in method of the invention, i.e.,
80% or more the hybridization flower matched has born hybrid seed.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is used for the support schematic diagram of flax hybridization；
Fig. 2 pedestal and insert detailed schematic；
Fig. 3 controllable bending tune component and ground clamping device detailed schematic；
1- rigid support component, the flexible support component of 2-, 3- clamping device, 4- object placement component, 5- pedestal are inserted to 6-.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.It is not specified in embodiment specific
Condition person carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is
The conventional products obtained can be bought by city.
1. flax hybridizing method of embodiment
The time: in June, 2015~2015 year June is embodied；Implement area: Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions's Ilikazakh
Autonomous prefecture's Yining City
Male parent varieties: Gansu Province is No. 8 sub-；Parental varieties: Yi Ya 4.
1. emasculation: after sunrise during 2-3 hours, selecting petal to stretch out sepal 2-4mm not on being selected as maternal plant
Open flax carries out emasculation.
The operation of emasculation: stripping petal and stamen with tip tweezers, and the sulfuric acid paper bag bagging of the female parent after emasculation prevents
Female parent is by the pollen contamination of non-targeted single plant.
2. pollination hybridization: 24 hours after emasculation, the maternal column cap of emasculation to be done is compared with 3-5mm is extended before emasculation when, as
The target single plant flax of male parent just blooms, and is male parent to the maternal progress artificial pollination after emasculation using it.
The operation of artificial pollination: sulfuric acid paper bag is opened, the mother after emasculation is slightly touched with the stamen of target single plant flax
This flax chapiter, every flax is maternal to be pollinated with 3-5 flax male parent, after artificial pollination, by the mother after pollination
This uses sulfuric acid paper bag bagging, prevents the pollen contamination of non-targeted single plant, when carrying out bagging step, cannot touch female parent strain head.
It is harvested after maternal natural maturity after pollination, obtains cenospecies.
Test result
Table 1 hybridizes successful rate statistics
| Artificial hybridization female parent flower quantity | Success harvests the quantity of allocarpy | Cross fertile rate (%) | |
| Test 1 | 60 | 49 | 81.67 |
| Test 2 | 54 | 48 | 88.89 |
Embodiment 2. is using hybridization auxiliary stand assisted hybridization
The time: in June, 2016~2016 year June is embodied；Implement area: Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions's Ilikazakh
Autonomous prefecture's Yining City
Male parent varieties: Gansu Province is No. 10 sub-；Parental varieties: Yi Ya 4.
1. emasculation: after sunrise during 2-3 hours, selecting petal to stretch out sepal 2-4mm not on being selected as maternal plant
Open flax is to carry out emasculation.
The operation of emasculation: stripping petal and stamen with tip tweezers, and the sulfuric acid paper bag bagging of the female parent after emasculation prevents
Female parent is by the pollen contamination of non-targeted single plant.
2. pollination hybridization: 12-24 hours after emasculation, the maternal column cap of emasculation to be done is compared with 3-5mm is extended before emasculation when, making
It is just bloomed for the target single plant flax of male parent, is male parent to the maternal progress artificial pollination after emasculation using it.
The operation of artificial pollination: sulfuric acid paper bag is opened, the mother after emasculation is slightly touched with the stamen of target single plant flax
This flax chapiter, every flax is maternal to be pollinated with 3-5 flax male parent, after artificial pollination, by the mother after pollination
This uses sulfuric acid paper bag bagging, prevents the pollen contamination of non-targeted single plant, when carrying out bagging step, cannot touch female parent strain head.
It is harvested after maternal natural maturity after pollination, obtains cenospecies.
As shown in Figure 1-3, in step 1 emasculation and/or step 2 pollination step, it is auxiliary using the bracket having the following structure
Hybridization is helped, which includes rigid support component 1, and flexible support component 2, clamping device 3, object placement component 4 and ground are fixed
Structure；The lower end of the rigid support component 1 is supported for being connected to ground fixed structure upper end, described rigid
Property strut assemblies 1 upper end can load and fix the flexible support component 2 of at least one, the flexible support component 2 from
Clamping device 3 is provided with by end, the clamping device 3 is for the fixed tender tip to hybrid plant；The setting of object placement component 4 exists
On the rigid support component 1.
In use, securing the stand to by the single plant for needing to hybridize by ground fixed structure, the height of clamping device is adjusted
Degree and angle are close to the fixed tender tip to hybrid plant of hybrid plant.If any multiple flexible support components 2 and clamping
Device 3 can then fix multiple plant simultaneously, improve operating efficiency.
In some embodiments, the flexible support component 2 can be arbitrarily straightened, and be bent and/or folded and keep
Shape invariance.
In some embodiments, the flexible support component 2 selects flexible stereotypes hoses or aluminium alloy direction flexible material
Material is made.
In some embodiments, the clamping device 3) two clamping faces be concave folder face so that two aid faces
Mutually it is not in contact with each other.
In some embodiments, colored face is contacted in the clamping device 3 and be provided with flexible unit, prevent damage from spending.
In some embodiments, the adjustable in length of the rigid support component 1.It can be according to the height adjustment institute of plant
State the length of the rigid support component 1, thus control the bracket height and plant be adapted.
In some embodiments, the ground fixed structure includes the pedestal (5) perpendicular to the rigid column assembly and sets
Insert 6 in the ground being placed in below the pedestal.
In some embodiments, the object placement component 4 is storage box or article tray.
In some embodiments, the bottom of the object placement component 4 is provided with magnet assembly.Hybridization tool can be formed and be inhaled
Try hard to avoid to omit and fall in soil.
In some embodiments, the object placement component 4 can be fixed on the arbitrary height of the rigid support component (1).
Test result
Table 2 hybridizes successful rate statistics
Hybridization success rate is suitable with embodiment, and twice or so that flower quantity is embodiment 1 is hybridized in the present embodiment, required
The crossover operation time less than the hybridization time in embodiment 1, i.e., by using above-mentioned assisted hybridization bracket, both ensure that hybridization effect
Rate, operating process efficiency are more than doubled.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of flax hybridizing method, which comprises the following steps:
Emasculation: it after flax full-bloom stage, sunrise time 2-3 hour in flax cultivation area, is selected on being elected to be maternal plant
Petal stretches out the unopened flax of sepal 2-4mm, strips petal and stamen completes emasculation, bagging is stand-by；
Hybridization pollination: 12-24 hours after emasculation, the maternal column cap of emasculation to be done is compared with 3-5mm is extended before emasculation when, acquisition is elected to be
The stamen of flax just in full bloom on the plant of male parent removes the column cap for slightly touching the maternal flax after emasculation, completes hybridization
Pollination, bagging prevent from mixing；
After natural maturity, the hybrid seed that the maternal flower through above-mentioned artificial hybridization step is born is harvested.
2. the flax hybridizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: 3-5 male parent Hu of every maternal flax
The pollen of fried dough twist is pollinated.To guarantee appropriate pollen amount and density.
3. the flax hybridizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the time of the artificial pollination is maternal emasculation
12-24 hours afterwards, i.e., when maternal column cap is compared with 3-5mm is extended before emasculation, to guarantee maternal column cap to the compatibility of paternal pollen.
4. the flax hybridizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include by the female parent after the emasculation
The step of being isolated from the outside prevents the pollen contamination of non-targeted single plant.
5. the flax hybridizing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include after pollinating after artificial pollination
The step of female parent is isolated from the outside prevents the pollen contamination of non-targeted single plant.
6. -5 any flax hybridizing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that using the auxiliary having following structure
Hybridize bracket assisted hybridization, the assisted hybridization bracket includes rigid support component (1), flexible support component (2), clamping dress
It sets (3), object placement component (4) and ground fixed structure；
The lower end of the rigid support component (1) is supported for being connected to ground fixed structure upper end, described
The upper end of rigid support component (1) can load the flexible support component of at least one (2), the flexible support component (2)
Free end is provided with clamping device (3), and the clamping device (3) is for the fixed tender tip to hybrid plant；The object placement component
(4) it is arranged on the rigid support component (1).
7. flax hybridizing method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the flexible support component (2) can be by
It is arbitrarily straightened, is bent and/or folds and keeps shape invariance；The optional flexible stereotypes hoses of flexible support component (2)
Or aluminium alloy direction flexible material is made.
8. flax hybridizing method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that two clamping faces of the clamping device (3)
It is concave folder face, so that two aid faces are mutually not in contact with each other, the face of contact flower is arranged flexible group in the clamping device (3)
Part prevents damage from spending.
9. flax hybridizing method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the length of the rigid support component (1) can
It adjusts, the length of the rigid support component (1) according to the height adjustment of plant, to control the height and plant of the bracket
Object is adapted.
10. bracket according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ground fixed structure includes perpendicular to the rigidity
(6) are inserted on the pedestal (5) of column assembly and the ground being set to below the pedestal；The object placement component (4) is storage box or glove support
Disk；The bottom of the object placement component (4) is provided with magnet assembly；The object placement component (4) can be fixed on the rigid support
The arbitrary height of component (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811221460.1A CN109169262A (en) | 2018-10-19 | 2018-10-19 | Flax hybridizing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811221460.1A CN109169262A (en) | 2018-10-19 | 2018-10-19 | Flax hybridizing method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109169262A true CN109169262A (en) | 2019-01-11 |
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ID=64945861
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811221460.1A Pending CN109169262A (en) | 2018-10-19 | 2018-10-19 | Flax hybridizing method |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB737610A (en) * | 1953-05-18 | 1955-09-28 | Joseph Atkinson | Improvements in or relating to cloches, plant and flower protection devices and the like |
| CN101926247A (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2010-12-29 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Mulch film precision sowing auxiliary instrument of cotton |
| CN103563735A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2014-02-12 | 北京林业大学 | Robinia pseudoacacia cross-pollination isolation device |
-
2018
- 2018-10-19 CN CN201811221460.1A patent/CN109169262A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB737610A (en) * | 1953-05-18 | 1955-09-28 | Joseph Atkinson | Improvements in or relating to cloches, plant and flower protection devices and the like |
| CN101926247A (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2010-12-29 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Mulch film precision sowing auxiliary instrument of cotton |
| CN103563735A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2014-02-12 | 北京林业大学 | Robinia pseudoacacia cross-pollination isolation device |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 彭妙颜 等: "《现代传声器原理、拾音技术与系统集成》", 国防工业出版社, pages: 68 * |
| 胡代泽: "胡麻品种工作的几个问题", pages 46 - 48 * |
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