CN109168644A - A kind of bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method - Google Patents
A kind of bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109168644A CN109168644A CN201811001216.4A CN201811001216A CN109168644A CN 109168644 A CN109168644 A CN 109168644A CN 201811001216 A CN201811001216 A CN 201811001216A CN 109168644 A CN109168644 A CN 109168644A
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- pollen
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- bedleaf cherry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D93/00—Harvesting apparatus not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store methods, comprising: anther is laid in lower plane and is covered on the paper of desiccant by the stage of development mature uncracked anther with filigree for (1) acquiring bedleaf cherry plum, hermetically drying；(2) anther is put into the having in lid plastic tube of round bottom when filigree is shrivelled, rock plastic tube, anther is set to shed pollen, until anther no longer sheds pollen, pollen will be adhered on the tube wall of plastic tube, anther is poured out, the tube wall for flicking plastic tube makes the impurity in pollen fall removing, by the plastics seal of tube；(3) plastic tube is placed in bigger pipe, and injects liquid into bigger pipe, then freezen protective.Bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method of the invention can obtain bedleaf cherry plum pollen, and spend the time few, and pollen loss is few, pollen activity is high, and bimetallic tube design makes the pollen taken out from freezing state not easy in inactivation, ingenious in design, it is simple to operate, it is suitable for large-scale promotion application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crossbreeding technology fields, in particular to pollen collecting Techniques of preserving field, in particular to one kind
Bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method.
Background technique
Crossbreeding is to cultivate the main path of new variety of plant, is engaged in the scientific and technical research of plant breeding cause very early
Person grasps and utilizes, and China's 60-70 age in 20th century, once there are many universities and colleges and scientific research institutions to have carried out crossbreeding
Correlative study.
Flowering asynchronism would generally work to crossbreeding and cause difficulty, and some trees and ornamental plant can pass through blooming period prolonging
It solves, what is had must not have great importance to certain ornamental plant crossbreeding without Pollen preservation, Pollen preservation.Pass through
Pollen preservation, it can be such that the ornamental plant of some serotinous ornamental plants and prematurity is hybridized, or to farther awayly
To maternal pollination, the storage of pollen and transport can break in crossbreeding being isolated on parents' time and spatially, expansion for side
The range of breeding.
Common pollen collection store method are as follows: inflorescence acquisition, inflorescence drying, pollen collecting and pollen save, wherein spending
The inflorescence of acquisition is placed on blank sheet of paper by sequence acquisition；Inflorescence is dry dry by the way of natural air drying, in drying process, part flower
Medicine wall cracking, pollen are fallen on blank sheet of paper naturally；During pollen collecting, the residue for removing inflorescence and being blended in pollen, only
The pollen for leaving yellow, is sieved when necessary；Pollen preservation be pollen is put into it is spare in the refrigerator for be placed in valve bag 4 DEG C.
Prunus cerasifera, alias: bedleaf cherry plum, rosaceae Prunus defoliation small arbor is high up to 8 meters, originates in the Asia west and south, China
North China and its areas to the south are widely planted.The long-term aubergine of leaf, famous foliage tree kind, isolated planting mass-planting is all suitable, can set off background.Especially
It is the shinny leaf of purple, in greenery clump, as the flower that one plant of strain never loses, formed in blue mountains and green waters one it is beautiful
Scenery.
However, the pollen amount of bedleaf cherry plum is few, the sequence that causes to pick flowers because pollen dispersed ETAD expected time of arrival and departure is different is collected time-consuming；Directly adopt
It is difficult the pollen that sheds again after flower processing anther is dry, and above-mentioned common pollen collection store method is easy to cause pollen to lose
More, the pollen collection for being particularly disadvantageous for the few bedleaf cherry plum of pollen amount saves, and spends the time long, and storage method is also unfavorable for protecting
Hold the activity of pollen.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a kind of bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method, when can obtain bedleaf cherry plum pollen, and spend
Between it is few, pollen loss is few, and pollen activity is high.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art mentioned above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of bedleaf cherry plum pollen to adopt
Collect store method, bedleaf cherry plum pollen can be obtained, and spend the time few, pollen loss is few, and pollen activity is high, bimetallic tube design
Make the pollen taken out from freezing state not easy in inactivation, is suitable for large-scale promotion application.
It is ingenious in design another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method, operation letter
Folk prescription just, is suitable for large-scale promotion application.
To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a kind of bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method, its main feature is that, including it is following
Step:
(1) the stage of development mature uncracked anther with filigree for acquiring bedleaf cherry plum, the anther is laid in following
Tiling has on the paper of desiccant, hermetically drying；
(2) anther is put into plastic tube when the filigree is shrivelled, covers the lid of the plastic tube, rock institute
Plastic tube is stated, so that the anther is shed pollen, until the anther no longer sheds the pollen, the pollen will be adhered to
On the tube wall of the plastic tube, the anther is poured out, the tube wall for flicking the plastic tube falls the impurity in the pollen
Removing is fallen, by the plastics seal of tube；
(3) plastic tube is placed in bigger pipe, and injects liquid into the bigger pipe, then freezing is protected
It deposits.
Preferably, the laying depth of the anther is no more than 1cm in the step (1).
Preferably, in the step (1), the desiccant with a thickness of 2cm~4cm.
Preferably, the desiccant is discoloration silica gel, if the discoloration silica gel becomes light blue in the step (1)
When, the discoloration silica gel is replaced in time.
Preferably, the paper is brown paper or template in the step (1).
Preferably, the time of the hermetically drying is 4 hours~8 hours, dry with the filigree in the step (1)
It is flat to be advisable.
Preferably, the volume of the anther is the half of the volume no more than the plastic tube in the step (2).
Preferably, the plastic tube is the plastic centrifuge tube of the round bottom of 10ml~50ml in the step (2).
Preferably, when the bigger pipe is vertically placed, the liquid level of the liquid is described in the step (3)
Bigger pipe 1/2~2/3 position.
Preferably, the freezen protective is -70~-86 DEG C of preservations in the step (3).
Preferably, after the step (2) and before the step (3), bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection preservation side
Method further comprises the steps of:
(21) anther of the acquisition in the step (1), repeating said steps (1) are replaced with the anther poured out
~step (2) 1 times -2 times described.
Preferably, the bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method further comprises the steps of: after the step (3)
(4) bimetallic tube that the plastic tube and the bigger pipe are formed is taken out when needing using the pollen,
And it is transported to place to use, it can start to pollinate when the pollen can easily take out.
Beneficial effects of the present invention essentially consist in that:
1, bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method of the invention includes: that the stage of development maturation of (1) acquisition bedleaf cherry plum is not opened
The anther with filigree split, is laid in lower plane for anther and is covered on the paper of desiccant, hermetically drying；(2) when filigree is shrivelled
When anther is put into plastic tube, cover the lid of plastic tube, rock plastic tube, anther is made to shed pollen, until anther is no longer
It sheds until pollen, pollen will be adhered on the tube wall of plastic tube, and anther is poured out, and the tube wall for flicking plastic tube makes in pollen
Impurity falls removing, by the plastics seal of tube；(3) plastic tube is placed in bigger pipe, and injects liquid into bigger pipe,
Then freezen protective；Therefore, bedleaf cherry plum pollen can be obtained, and spends the time few, pollen loss is few, and pollen activity is high, double
Layer pipe design makes the pollen taken out from freezing state not easy in inactivation, is suitable for large-scale promotion application.
2, bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method of the invention includes: that the stage of development maturation of (1) acquisition bedleaf cherry plum is not opened
The anther with filigree split, is laid in lower plane for anther and is covered on the paper of desiccant, hermetically drying；(2) when filigree is shrivelled
When anther is put into plastic tube, cover the lid of plastic tube, rock plastic tube, anther is made to shed pollen, until anther is no longer
Shed until pollen, pollen is adhered on the tube wall of plastic tube, and anther is poured out, flick plastic tube tube wall make it is miscellaneous in pollen
Matter falls removing, by the plastics seal of tube；(3) plastic tube is placed in bigger pipe, and injects liquid into bigger pipe, so
Freezen protective afterwards；Therefore, ingenious in design, it is simple to operate, it is suitable for large-scale promotion application.
These and other objects of the invention, feature and advantage, by following detailed descriptions, claim is able to sufficiently
It embodies, and can be achieved by means, device and the their combination specially pointed out in appended claims.
Specific embodiment
In order to obtain bedleaf cherry plum pollen, and spend the time few, pollen loss is few, and pollen activity is high, and the present invention provides
A kind of bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method, comprising the following steps:
(1) the stage of development mature uncracked anther with filigree for acquiring bedleaf cherry plum, the anther is laid in following
Tiling has on the paper of desiccant, hermetically drying；
(2) anther is put into plastic tube when the filigree is shrivelled, covers the lid of the plastic tube, rock institute
Plastic tube is stated, so that the anther is shed pollen, until the anther no longer sheds the pollen, the pollen will be adhered to
On the tube wall of the plastic tube, the anther is poured out, the tube wall for flicking the plastic tube falls the impurity in the pollen
Removing is fallen, by the plastics seal of tube；
(3) plastic tube is placed in bigger pipe, and injects liquid into the bigger pipe, then freezing is protected
It deposits.
The laying depth of the anther can according to need determination, for the ease of drying, preferably, in the step (1)
In, the laying depth of the anther is no more than 1cm.
The thickness of the desiccant can according to need determination, in order to make full use of the discoloration silica gel, preferably, in institute
State in step (1), the desiccant with a thickness of 2cm~4cm.
The desiccant can be any suitable desiccant, can regularly replace, can be according to finger if indicator type desiccant
Show variation replacement desiccant, preferably, the desiccant is discoloration silica gel in the step (1), if the discoloration silica gel becomes
When being light blue, the discoloration silica gel is replaced in time.
The paper can be any suitable paper, preferably, the paper is brown paper in the step (1)
Or template.
The time of the hermetically drying can according to need determination, preferably, the sealing is dry in the step (1)
The dry time is 4 hours~8 hours, is advisable so that the filigree is shrivelled.
The amount that the volume of the anther accounts for the volume of the plastic tube can according to need determination, preferably, in the step
Suddenly in (2), the volume of the anther is the half of the volume no more than the plastic tube.
The plastic tube can be any suitable plastic tube, preferably, in the step (2), the plastic tube is
The plastic centrifuge tube of the round bottom of 10ml~50ml.
The injection rate of the water can according to need determination, preferably, in the step (3), the bigger pipe
When vertical placement, the liquid level of the liquid is in 1/2~2/3 position of the bigger pipe.The bigger pipe can also
To be such as centrifuge tube such as plastic centrifuge tube.
The liquid can be any suitable liquid, preferably, the liquid is water in the step (3).
The freezen protective can carry out freezen protective using any suitable temperature, preferably, in the step (3)
In, the freezen protective is -70~-86 DEG C of preservations.
Preferably, after the step (2) and before the step (3), bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection preservation side
Method further comprises the steps of:
(21) anther of the acquisition in the step (1), repeating said steps (1) are replaced with the anther poured out
~step (2) 1 times -2 times described.Through this step, pollen almost all sheds.
Preferably, the bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method further comprises the steps of: after the step (3)
(4) bimetallic tube that the plastic tube and the bigger pipe are formed is taken out when needing using the pollen,
And it is transported to place to use, it can start to pollinate when the pollen can easily take out.
In order to be more clearly understood that technology contents of the invention, spy lifts following embodiment and is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The stage of development mature uncracked anther 4g for acquiring bedleaf cherry plum, is laid in lower plane for anther with 0.6cm thickness
It is covered on the brown paper of 2cm thickness discoloration silica gel, if discoloration silica gel becomes light blue, the silica gel of replacement discoloration in time；
Anther is put into 30ml plastic centrifuge tube when filigree is shrivelled, anther accounts for about the half of plastic centrifuge tube, covers
The lid of plastic tube, rocks plastic centrifuge tube, and anther is made to shed pollen, until anther no longer sheds pollen, pollen adherency
On the tube wall of plastic centrifuge tube, anther is poured out, the tube wall for flicking plastic centrifuge tube makes the impurity in pollen fall removing, will
The plastic centrifuge seal of tube, the acquisition amount of pollen can subtract the quality of plastic centrifuge tube by plastic centrifuge tube+pollen quality,
The acquisition ratio of pollen is the acquisition amount of pollen divided by the quality of anther, is computed, and the acquisition amount of pollen is 0.55g, pollen
Acquisition ratio is 13.8%；
Plastic centrifuge tube is placed in bigger centrifuge tube, and is filled the water into bigger centrifuge tube, bigger centrifuge tube is perpendicular
To when placing, the liquid level of water is in 1/2 position of bigger centrifuge tube, then -86 DEG C of freezen protectives.Whole process spends the time
It is 6 hours.
When needing using pollen, the double-deck centrifuge tube is directly transported to place to use when such as short distance, in pipe at pollen
It can start to pollinate in can easily take out state, need isothermal holding at a distance.The work of pollen can be improved using bimetallic tube
Property, because the distance for from saving being usually field to place to use is generally distant, while Comparision of pollinating is slow, bimetallic tube
Tube wall when pollination can be made to be always maintained at low temperature, such pollen not easy in inactivation greatly improves the survival rate of hybridization.
Embodiment 2
Anther is laid in 0.2cm thickness following by the stage of development mature uncracked anther 1.5g for acquiring bedleaf cherry plum
Tiling has on the template of 3cm thickness discoloration silica gel, if discoloration silica gel becomes light blue, the silica gel of replacement discoloration in time；
Anther is put into 10ml plastic centrifuge tube when filigree is shrivelled, anther accounts for about the half of plastic centrifuge tube, covers
The lid of plastic tube, rocks plastic centrifuge tube, and anther is made to shed pollen, until anther no longer sheds pollen, pollen adherency
On the tube wall of plastic centrifuge tube, anther is poured out, the tube wall for flicking plastic centrifuge tube makes the impurity in pollen fall removing, will
The plastic centrifuge seal of tube, the acquisition amount of pollen can subtract the quality of plastic centrifuge tube by plastic centrifuge tube+pollen quality,
The acquisition ratio of pollen is the acquisition amount of pollen divided by the quality of anther, is computed, and the acquisition amount of pollen is 0.19g, pollen
Acquisition ratio is 12.7%；
Plastic centrifuge tube is placed in bigger centrifuge tube, and is filled the water into bigger centrifuge tube, bigger centrifuge tube is perpendicular
To when placing, the liquid level of water is in 2/3 position of bigger centrifuge tube, then -70 DEG C of freezen protectives.Whole process spends the time
It is 4 hours.
When needing using pollen, the double-deck centrifuge tube is directly transported to place to use when such as short distance, in pipe at pollen
It can start to pollinate in can easily take out state, need isothermal holding at a distance.The work of pollen can be improved using bimetallic tube
Property, because the distance for from saving being usually field to place to use is generally distant, while Comparision of pollinating is slow, bimetallic tube
Tube wall when pollination can be made to be always maintained at low temperature, such pollen not easy in inactivation greatly improves the survival rate of hybridization.
Embodiment 3
Anther is laid in tiling below with 1cm thickness by the stage of development mature uncracked anther 7g for acquiring bedleaf cherry plum
On the brown paper for having 4cm thickness discoloration silica gel, if discoloration silica gel becomes light blue, the silica gel of replacement discoloration in time；
Anther is put into 50ml plastic centrifuge tube when filigree is shrivelled, anther accounts for about the half of plastic centrifuge tube, rocks
Plastic centrifuge tube makes anther shed pollen, and until anther no longer sheds pollen, pollen is adhered to the tube wall of plastic centrifuge tube
On, anther is poured out, the tube wall for flicking plastic centrifuge tube makes the impurity in pollen fall removing, by the plastic centrifuge seal of tube, flower
The acquisition amount of powder can subtract the quality of plastic centrifuge tube by plastic centrifuge tube+pollen quality, and the acquisition ratio of pollen is
The acquisition amount of pollen is computed divided by the quality of anther, and the acquisition amount of pollen is 1.06g, and the acquisition ratio of pollen is 15.1%；
It by being placed in bigger centrifuge tube with pollen plastic centrifuge tube for sealing, and is filled the water into bigger centrifuge tube, more
When big centrifuge tube is vertically placed, the liquid level of water is in 7/12 position of bigger centrifuge tube, then -80 DEG C of freezen protectives.It is whole
It is 8 hours that a process, which spends the time,.
The double-deck centrifuge tube is directly closely transported to place to use when needing using pollen, when be in can for pollen in pipe
Light taking-up state can start to pollinate, and need appropriate isothermal holding at a distance.The work of pollen can be improved using bimetallic tube
Property, because the distance for from saving being usually field to place to use is generally distant, while Comparision of pollinating is slow, when pollination
It is always maintained at bimetallic tube, inner tubal wall when pollination can be made to be always maintained at low temperature, such pollen not easy in inactivation greatly improves hybridization
Survival rate.
Comparative example 1
The stage of development mature uncracked anther 4g with filigree for acquiring bedleaf cherry plum, anther is dispersed on brown paper,
It is 2-3 days dry by the way of natural air drying；
In drying process, part anther wall cracking, pollen is fallen on brown paper naturally, and sieving is removed inflorescence and is blended in
Residue in pollen collects pollen, and pollen is put into spare in the refrigerator for be placed in valve bag -20 DEG C, whole process cost
Time is 3 days or so, and the acquisition amount of pollen can subtract the quality of valve bag by valve bag+pollen quality, and pollen obtains
The ratio of obtaining is the acquisition amount of pollen divided by the quality of anther, is computed, and the acquisition amount of pollen is 0.1g, and the acquisition ratio of pollen is
2.5%.
Valve bag place to use is directly transported to when needing using pollen to start to pollinate to take out pollen.Due to
The distance for from saving being usually field to place to use is generally distant, while Comparision of pollinating is slow, in valve bag
Pollen temperature quickly increase, be easy inactivation, the survival rate of hybridization is lower.
Therefore, using the present invention, mainly there is following advantage:
1, hermetically drying anther on the paper of desiccant is covered with using lower plane, to accelerate anther drying process, avoided
Anther broken wall causes pollen to lose in drying process, and reduces pollen activity in anther and lose；
2, the pollen amount of the anther of bedleaf cherry plum is few, and anther is difficult the pollen that sheds again after drying, and being rocked using plastic tube makes it
Pollen sheds while and being able to maintain activity.
3, pollen is adsorbed on the tube wall of plastic tube using the electrostatic interaction of plastics, while can easily kick down impurity and be not necessarily to
Sieving, eliminates sieving process, and reduce loss.
4, using bimetallic tube primarily to the activity of pollen is improved, because from saving general relatively to field distance
Far, while Comparision of pollinating is slow, and bimetallic tube can make tube wall when pollination be always maintained at low temperature, such pollen not easy in inactivation, greatly
The big survival rate for improving hybridization.
To sum up, bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method of the invention can obtain bedleaf cherry plum pollen, and spend the time few, flower
Powder loss is few, and pollen activity is high, and bimetallic tube design makes the pollen taken out from freezing state not easy in inactivation, ingenious in design, operation letter
Folk prescription just, is suitable for large-scale promotion application.
It can be seen that the purpose of the present invention completely and is effectively achieved.Function and structural principle of the invention
It is shown and is illustrated in embodiment, under without departing substantially from the principle, embodiment can make any modification.So this hair
Bright includes all variant embodiments based on claim spirit and scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the stage of development mature uncracked anther with filigree for acquiring bedleaf cherry plum, is laid in tiling below for the anther
Have on the paper of desiccant, hermetically drying；
(2) anther is put into plastic tube when the filigree is shrivelled, covers the lid of the plastic tube, rock the modeling
Expects pipe makes the anther shed pollen, and until the anther no longer sheds the pollen, the pollen will be adhered to described
On the tube wall of plastic tube, the anther is poured out, the tube wall for flicking the plastic tube falls the impurity in the pollen clearly
It removes, by the plastics seal of tube；
(3) plastic tube is placed in bigger pipe, and injects liquid into the bigger pipe, then freezen protective.
2. bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described in the step (1)
The laying depth of anther is no more than 1cm；Alternatively, the desiccant with a thickness of 2cm~4cm；Alternatively, the paper is brown paper
Or template.
3. bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described in the step (1)
Desiccant is that discoloration silica gel replaces the discoloration silica gel if the discoloration silica gel becomes light blue in time.
4. bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described in the step (1)
The time of hermetically drying is 4 hours~8 hours, is advisable so that the filigree is shrivelled.
5. bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described in the step (2)
The volume of anther is the half of the volume no more than the plastic tube.
6. bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described in the step (2)
Plastic tube is the plastic centrifuge tube of the round bottom of 10ml~50ml.
7. bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described in the step (3)
Bigger pipe when vertically placing, the liquid level of the liquid is in 1/2~2/3 position of the bigger pipe.
8. bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described in the step (3)
Freezen protective is -70 DEG C~-86 DEG C preservations.
9. bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that after the step (2) and
Before the step (3), the bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method is further comprised the steps of:
(21) anther of the acquisition in the step (1), repeating said steps (1)~institute are replaced with the anther poured out
It states step (2) 1 times -2 times.
10. bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that after the step (3),
The bedleaf cherry plum pollen collection store method further comprises the steps of:
(4) bimetallic tube that the plastic tube and the bigger pipe are formed is taken out when needing using the pollen, and transported
It send to place to use, can start to pollinate when the pollen can easily take out.
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