CN109167615B - Uplink and downlink time-sharing communication method based on G3-PLC communication network - Google Patents
Uplink and downlink time-sharing communication method based on G3-PLC communication network Download PDFInfo
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- CN109167615B CN109167615B CN201810934591.8A CN201810934591A CN109167615B CN 109167615 B CN109167615 B CN 109167615B CN 201810934591 A CN201810934591 A CN 201810934591A CN 109167615 B CN109167615 B CN 109167615B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
- H04B3/544—Setting up communications; Call and signalling arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
- H04B3/56—Circuits for coupling, blocking, or by-passing of signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
- H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
- H04L63/0435—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload wherein the sending and receiving network entities apply symmetric encryption, i.e. same key used for encryption and decryption
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
- H04L63/083—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using passwords
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/06—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for block-wise or stream coding, e.g. DES systems or RC4; Hash functions; Pseudorandom sequence generators
- H04L9/0618—Block ciphers, i.e. encrypting groups of characters of a plain text message using fixed encryption transformation
- H04L9/0631—Substitution permutation network [SPN], i.e. cipher composed of a number of stages or rounds each involving linear and nonlinear transformations, e.g. AES algorithms
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Abstract
A G3-PLC network-based uplink and downlink time-sharing communication method is characterized in that in the G3-PLC network, a G3-PLC module for uplink and downlink communication is integrated in an electric meter, a G3-PLC module is integrated in an indoor terminal, the G3-PLC module communicates with a concentrator in an uplink communication link by adopting a standard G3-PLC protocol, and communicates with a G3-PLC module of the indoor terminal in a downlink communication link by adopting a protocol based on a G3-PLC MAC sublayer. By expanding a G3-PLC module software MAC sublayer protocol in the electric meter and coupling uplink and downlink power line branches of hardware, by means of a CSMA/CA mechanism in a G3-PLC MAC sublayer and introducing a communication data priority division mechanism, an AES 128 encryption mechanism and a password authentication mechanism, the uplink and downlink time-sharing communication method based on the G3-PLC single communication network is completed.
Description
Technical Field
The patent relates to the technical field of power line carrier communication, in particular to an uplink and downlink time-sharing communication method based on a G3-PLC communication network.
Background
In the existing G3-PLC communication technology standard, two devices, PAN Coordinator and PAN Device, are defined, and in an ami (advanced measurement infrastructure) system, they are respectively integrated in a concentrator Device and an electric meter Device, and networking and communication are performed through the standard DLMS/COSEM protocol and G3-PLC protocol. However, in an application scenario that the electric meter is required to simultaneously support access through an indoor user terminal, the electric meter is required to simultaneously support uplink and concentrator networking communication and downlink and indoor terminal one-to-one communication, the G3-PLC standard protocol architecture cannot support the same, at this time, two G3-PLC communication modules are required to be integrated in the electric meter to respectively communicate with the uplink concentrator and the downlink and indoor terminal, or the downlink uses another independent communication mode.
However, no matter the electric meter integrates the two uplink and downlink G3-PLC communication modules, or adopts another communication mode independent of downlink, the cost of the electric meter equipment is increased, the complexity of the system is increased, and the maintenance workload is increased because one downlink communication module is added. In addition, if the electric meter adopts two uplink and downlink G3-PLC communication modules, two G3-PLC communication networks are simultaneously networked and communicated, so that the collision probability is increased, and the communication reliability is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that a G3-PLC standard protocol framework in the prior art cannot simultaneously support up-down communication, two G3-PLC communication modules are simultaneously integrated to be difficult to maintain and poor in communication quality when the up-down communication is supported in an electric meter, and the complexity and cost of a system are increased by simultaneously integrating two communication modes of an up-down communication mode and an up-down communication mode, and provides an up-down time-sharing communication method based on a G3-PLC communication network.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a G3-PLC network-based uplink and downlink time-sharing communication method is characterized in that in the G3-PLC network, a G3-PLC module for uplink and downlink communication is integrated in an electric meter, a G3-PLC module is integrated in an indoor terminal, the G3-PLC module communicates with a concentrator in an uplink communication link by adopting a standard G3-PLC protocol, and communicates with a G3-PLC module of the indoor terminal in a downlink communication link by adopting a protocol based on a G3-PLC MAC sublayer.
Furthermore, the electric meter G3-PLC module downlink and indoor terminal G3-PLC module adopts a CSMA/CA communication mechanism of a G3-PLCMAC sublayer, so that the electric meter uplink and downlink concurrent communication in the whole G3-PLC communication network is ensured to be based on a G3-PLC collision avoidance mechanism of the same standard, and the collision probability is reduced.
Furthermore, the electric meter G3-PLC module adopts an uplink and downlink power line shunt coupling structure,
the module comprises a diode D9, a capacitor C2, a transformer T1, a safety capacitor EC1 and an EC3, wherein two ends of a diode D9 are connected IN parallel with an input end of a transformer T1, parallel points TXOUTN and TXOUTP are used as a control signal transceiving end and are connected with a differential signal transceiving end of a PLC controller of the ammeter, the capacitor C2 is connected between a pin 2 and a pin 4 of the transformer T1 to balance LINE impedance, one group of output ends of the transformer T1 are a pin 10 and a pin 7, the pin 10 is connected with the safety capacitor EC1 IN series and then is connected with the pin 7 as an incoming LINE _ IN and a NEUTRAL _ IN of the ammeter and is connected with a concentrator, the other group of output ends of the transformer T1 are a pin 9 and a pin 6, the pin 9 is connected with the safety capacitor EC3 IN series and then is connected with the pin 6 as an outgoing LINE _ OUT and a UTRAL _ OUT of the ammeter, and the indoor terminal is connected with the PLC controller, and the upper and lower rows are simultaneously coupled by a shunt control signal.
Further, a communication data priority division mechanism is adopted for data transmission of the electric meter G3-PLC module, and data with higher priority are preferentially transmitted according to the priority; the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) reporting data and a control command by an uplink event, 1) reporting data and a control command by a downlink event, 2-reading data by a downlink, and 3-reading data by an uplink, wherein the priority is the highest 0 and the priority is the lowest 3, so that the collision probability is reduced, and the priority and reliable transmission of important data during concurrent communication of the network is improved.
Furthermore, an AES 128 encryption mechanism is introduced into a communication protocol of the electric meter G3-PLC module and the indoor terminal G3-PLC module to encrypt communication data, the encryption communication data are used for encrypting user data on the electric meter and an indoor terminal link, and the electric meter G3-PLC module adopts a standard G3-PLC protocol in uplink communication with the concentrator, so that a complete encryption mechanism is provided, and the safety of data communication in the whole G3-PLC protocol architecture is guaranteed.
Furthermore, a password access mechanism of the electric meter equipment is introduced into a communication protocol of the G3-PLC module and the indoor terminal G3-PLC module in the electric meter, and encryption authentication is carried out when the indoor terminal accesses the electric meter. The password access mechanism of the indoor terminal to the electric meter specifically comprises the following steps: and in the communication between the G3-PLC module in the electric meter and the indoor terminal G3-PLC module, an indoor terminal user needs to input an access password of the electric meter so as to read data in the electric meter and change the configuration of the electric meter.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts the method of the uplink and downlink time-sharing communication based on the G3-PLC communication network, and effectively solves the defects that the standard G3-PLC protocol architecture does not support the simultaneous uplink and downlink communication, the electric meter supports the simultaneous uplink and downlink communication and integrates two G3-PLC communication modules, the communication effect is poor, the maintenance is difficult, or the complexity and the cost of the system are increased by adopting two independent communication modes. By expanding G3-PLC and coupling uplink and downlink power lines of hardware in a shunting manner, an uplink based standard G3-PLC protocol architecture and a downlink based G3-PLC MAC sublayer are adopted, a CSMA/CA mechanism of the MAC sublayer is used, a communication data priority division mechanism, an AES 128 encryption mechanism and a user password access mechanism are introduced, the uplink and downlink time-sharing, reliable and safe communication architecture based on the G3-PLC network is realized, the complexity of the system architecture is reduced, and the cost of electric meter equipment is reduced.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a G3-PLC-based network architecture according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of an uplink and downlink communication extension protocol based on G3-PLC;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an upstream and downstream shunt coupling circuit of a meter G3-PLC module;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of sending uplink and downlink communication data of the electricity meter according to priority.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
A G3-PLC network-based uplink and downlink time-sharing communication method comprises the step of expanding a G3-PLC protocol MAC sublayer protocol of a G3-PLC module in an electric meter, wherein the step of expanding the G3526-PLC protocol MAC sublayer protocol of the electric meter means that the electric meter is in an integrated G3-PLC module, the uplink adopts a standard G3-PLC protocol to communicate with a concentrator, the downlink is communicated with an indoor terminal based on a G3-PLC standard MAC sublayer protocol, and meanwhile, the G3-PLC module of the indoor terminal is also based on a G3-PLC standard MAC sublayer.
The fact that the hardware of the G3-PLC PAN Device module IN the electric meter is coupled by the uplink and downlink power LINE branches means that a circuit for coupling the downlink and the electric meter power LINE outlet end (such as LINE _ OUT and NEUTRAL _ OUT IN the figure 3) is added IN one integrated G3-PLC module IN the electric meter on the basis of keeping the uplink and electric meter power LINE inlet end (such as LINE _ IN and NEUTRAL _ IN) circuit coupling. In fig. 3, TXOUTP and TXOUTN output differential signals when used for PLC transmission, and are transmitted to the power line through the subsequent coupling circuit; the PLC signal coupling circuit T1 adopts a multi-coil coupling mode, so that one path of PLC transceiving signals is simultaneously coupled to the incoming LINE terminal LINE _ IN and NEUTRAL _ IN of the electric meter and the outgoing LINE terminal LINE _ OUT and NEUTRAL _ OUT of the electric meter.
The electric meter and indoor terminal communication protocol architecture is based on a G3-PLC MAC sublayer, and by means of a G3-PLC MAC sublayer CSMA/CA mechanism, in a G3-PLC MAC sublayer protocol of communication between a G3-PLC module in an electric meter and an indoor terminal, the CSMA/CA mechanism in a G3-PLC standard is adopted, so that the fact that in the whole G3-PLC communication network, when the electric meter is in uplink and downlink concurrent communication, the electric meter is based on a G3-PLC collision avoidance mechanism in the same standard is guaranteed, and collision probability is reduced.
The communication data prioritization mechanism is used for prioritizing the sent data when a G3-PLC module in an electric meter sends the data, and the prioritization comprises 0-uplink event reporting data and a control command, 1-downlink event reporting data and a control command, 2-downlink reading data and 3-uplink reading data, wherein the priority is the highest 0 and the priority is the lowest 3, and the prioritization mechanism is used for preferentially ensuring the transmission of the event reporting data and the control command and the real-time communication experience of a user. Therefore, the collision probability is reduced, and the preferential reliable transmission of important data during concurrent communication of the network is improved.
The AES 128 encryption mechanism for electric meter downlink and indoor terminal communication refers to that in electric meter G3-PLC module downlink and indoor terminal G3-PLC module communication, an AES 128 encryption mechanism is introduced on the basis of G3-PLC MAC sublayer and used for encrypting user data on an electric meter and an indoor terminal link, and as the electric meter G3-PLC module uplink and concentrator communication adopts a standard G3-PLC protocol, a perfect encryption mechanism is provided, so that the safety of data communication in the whole G3-PLC protocol architecture in the project is ensured.
The password access mechanism of the indoor terminal to the electric meter means that in the downlink of a G3-PLC module in the electric meter and the communication of the indoor terminal G3-PLC module, an indoor terminal user needs to input an access password of the electric meter to read data in the electric meter and change the configuration of the electric meter, and as the communication of the uplink of the electric meter G3-PLC module and a concentrator adopts standard G3-PLC and DLMS/COSEM protocols, a perfect authentication mechanism is provided, so that the safety of electric meter equipment access in the whole G3-PLC protocol architecture in the patent is ensured. The encryption key and the user password are distributed to each user in the installation process of the electric meter and the indoor terminal, and the user modification authority is set, so that the safety and confidentiality of data transmission and equipment access of each user are guaranteed.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (5)
1. A method for uplink and downlink time-sharing communication based on a G3-PLC network, wherein in the G3-PLC network, a G3-PLC module for uplink and downlink communication is integrated in an electric meter, and an indoor terminal is integrated with a G3-PLC module, and the method is characterized in that: the electric meter G3-PLC module is communicated with the concentrator by adopting a standard G3-PLC protocol in an uplink communication link, and is communicated with the G3-PLC module of an indoor terminal by adopting a protocol based on a G3-PLC MAC sublayer in a downlink communication link;
the electric meter G3-PLC module adopts an uplink and downlink power line shunt coupling structure, the module comprises a diode D9, a capacitor C2, a transformer T1, a safety capacitor EC1 and an EC3, two ends of the diode D9 are connected with the input end of the transformer T1 in parallel, parallel connection points TXOUTN and TXOUTP are used as control signal transceiving ends and are connected with a differential signal transceiving end of a PLC controller of the ammeter, a capacitor C2 is connected between a pin 2 and a pin 4 of the transformer T1, by balancing LINE impedance, one group of output ends of the transformer T1 are a pin 10 and a pin 7, the pin 10 is connected with the pin 7 IN series after being connected with the safety capacitor EC1 as the incoming LINE ends LINE _ IN and NEUTRAL _ IN of the ammeter and is connected with the concentrator, the other group of output ends of the transformer T1 are a pin 9 and a pin 6, the pin 9 is connected with the safety capacitor EC3 IN series and is connected with the pin 6 as the outgoing LINE ends LINE _ OUT and NEUTRAL _ OUT of the ammeter and the indoor terminal, and therefore the purpose that one path of PLC control signals are coupled with the uplink and the downlink IN a shunt mode at the same time is achieved.
2. The method for uplink and downlink time-sharing communication based on the G3-PLC network as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electric meter G3-PLC module downlink and indoor terminal G3-PLC module adopts CSMA/CA communication mechanism of G3-PLC MAC sublayer to realize collision avoidance.
3. The uplink and downlink time-sharing communication method based on the G3-PLC network as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data transmission of the G3-PLC module of the electric meter adopts a communication data prioritization mechanism, and the data with higher priority is preferentially transmitted according to the priority level; the method comprises the following steps: the priority of the data reading method comprises the following steps of 0-uplink event reporting data and control commands, 1-downlink event reporting data and control commands, 2-downlink reading data and 3-uplink reading data, wherein the priorities of 0, 1, 2 and 3 are sequentially reduced.
4. The uplink and downlink time-sharing communication method based on the G3-PLC network, according to claim 1, wherein the communication protocol of the electric meter G3-PLC module and the indoor terminal G3-PLC module introduces an AES 128 encryption mechanism to encrypt communication data.
5. The method for uplink and downlink time-sharing communication based on the G3-PLC network of claim 1, wherein a password access mechanism of the electric meter device is introduced into the communication protocol of the G3-PLC module and the indoor terminal G3-PLC module in the electric meter, and encryption authentication is performed when the indoor terminal accesses the electric meter.
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