CN109135754A - A kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil - Google Patents
A kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN109135754A CN109135754A CN201811026908.4A CN201811026908A CN109135754A CN 109135754 A CN109135754 A CN 109135754A CN 201811026908 A CN201811026908 A CN 201811026908A CN 109135754 A CN109135754 A CN 109135754A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
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- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of agricultural soil microorganism in situ cultural methods.Source including 1. acquiring soil sample is the mountain area fertile soil not being contaminated near farmland, fertile soil, river or the fertile soil on lake bank on lake bank etc.；2. using special dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium microbiological culture media；3. the fertile soil of acquisition is expanded culture with bioreactor；4. the fermentation liquid after spreading cultivation directly is taken, it is applied in agricultural hardened soil or green house of vegetables soil, it can play and resist the functions such as hardened, prevention is hardened, chesson can also be played the role of, improve soil aggregate structure, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, increase via plant immunity, improve fruits and vegetables yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural methods, and in particular, to the microorganism in situ cultural method of agricultural soil, especially needle
To the hardened soil such as green house of vegetables, fruit tree soil, Chinese herbal medicine soil or the above-mentioned easy soil that soil hardening occurs.
Background technique
China is a large agricultural country, is written into No.1 Central File within rural economy, rural development and rural demography continuous 6 years.But up to the present,
The factor of agricultural product quality and safety is influenced in addition to industrial pollution, atmosphere discharge, and 80% factor is from agricultural water and soil
Ground.The national overall survey of soil statistics indicate that, there is nutrient imbalance in 90% soil, and acidification problem, 7% soil occurs in 17.8% soil
Pollution and soil-borne disease, salt-soda soil, desertification land rise 1.3% every year；Microelement is deficient in 33% soil, 21%
Soil organic matter drops to (critical value) 10g/kg.
However, existing chemical fertilizer and pesticide substitute effect are limited in the market, especially agricultural soil microorganism is (such as withered
Careless bacillus, bacillus laterosporus microbial inoculum etc.) at high cost, retained activity is lower in use, and single variety, nothing
Method substitutes the effect of the microorganism in natural high-quality soil completely；In addition, the microorganism in natural high-quality soil, especially
Beneficial microbe is many kinds of, has established one's own system, and is that artificial addition Institute of Micro-biology is irreplaceable.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to overcome the above drawbacks, by selecting pure natural high-quality soil, especially natural fertile soil,
It in open type biological reactor, with the dedicated special screening and culturing medium of dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium and mould, expands culture, on the one hand
The microbe species and the ecological balance in high-quality soil are maintained as far as possible, on the other hand reinforce and optimize dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium and mould
Quantity, to play, solution is hardened, it is hardened to resist and effect that is improving via plant immunity.Be finally reached pesticide reduction, Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied,
Fertilizer synergistic, fruits and vegetables volume increase, the purpose for improving quality.
A kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil provided by the invention, it is characterised in that: attached to farmland
After close unpolluted fertile soil is spread cultivation, takes its fermentation liquid and be applied in farmland.
Further, a kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil provided by the invention has following special
Point, i.e., specific process step it is as follows:
Step 1: acquisition source is fertile soil that is pure natural near farmland, not being contaminated；
Step 2: being carried out to the fertile soil of acquisition with bioreactor using prefabricated dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium microbiological culture media
Expand culture；
Step 3: the fermentation liquid after spreading cultivation directly is taken, it is applied in agricultural soil or green house of vegetables soil.
Further, a kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil provided by the invention has following special
, in step 1 point, i.e., the fertile soil of acquisition are selected from mountain area fertile soil, the fertile soil on lake bank, river or lake bank
The fertile soil of fertile soil and like environment and region.
In general the fertile soil of these positions selected must satisfy the following conditions: heavy metal free residual, antibiotic-free
Residual, non agricultural chemical residuum, without soil-borne disease bacterium and animal, microbe species are various and micro organism quantity reaches 1010CFU/g with
On.
Further, a kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil provided by the invention has following special
Point, i.e., the component of the following mass fraction ratio of the dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium microbiological culture media mixes in water:
The mixture of above-mentioned each component and the mass ratio of water are 20-200:1000.
Further, a kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil provided by the invention has following special
Point, i.e., one or both of the yeast dextran and chitosan oligosaccharide replace by one or more of innate immunity promotor
Generation.
Further, a kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil provided by the invention has following special
Point, i.e., the polyglutamic acid substituted by one or more of fertilizer synergist, play microorganism fertilizer and chemical fertilizer/organic fertilizer
Synergistic effect.
Further, a kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil provided by the invention has following special
Point, i.e., the specific method of the step 2 be, fertile soil and culture medium is sufficiently mixed with water in open type biological reactor
After closing dissolution, expand culture；
Wherein, the proportion of the fertile soil and culture medium is 50-500g fertile soil: 1000ml culture medium；
The additive amount of the water is 800-1500 times of the total weight of fertile soil and culture medium.
Further, a kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil provided by the invention has following special
Point, i.e., step 2 ground condition of culture are as follows: 18-35 DEG C of cultivation temperature was passed through natural air every 1-4 hours and stirs
15-30 minutes, incubation time be summer 1-2 days, winter 2-3 days.
The above process, using nature pH, empties reactor without adjusting pH value after fermentation, changes to new
Fertile soil and special culture medium can restart to expand culture, guarantee that the microbial flora to spread cultivation is naturally put down to the greatest extent
Weighing apparatus and activity.
Further, a kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil provided by the invention has following special
Point, i.e., application, on the solution of hardened soil is hardened；
Application on prevention soil hardening；
In chesson, improve soil aggregate structure, raising utilization rate of fertilizer, increase via plant immunity, improves fruits and vegetables and produce
Application in amount and quality.
The function and effect of the present invention:
Natural microbial flora humous and huge number, and establish one's own system, reached by impersonal force, with natural humic
Soil is microorganism seed, on the one hand, is used in the mankind with unknown flora known to reservation as much as possible；On the other hand, it keeps away
Exempt from the artificial strain of artificial addition, destroy the microbe species balance in high-quality soil, is a kind of natural, green, environmental protection agriculture
Industry soil remediation, guard method.
The special screening and culturing medium that the present invention is configured, for hardened soil, expansion dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium with a definite target in view is thin
The quantity of bacterium, Penicillium notatum, Aspergillus, rhizopus, streptomycete etc., can not only solve hardened, can also prevent soil hardening.
The special screening and culturing medium that the present invention is configured is guaranteeing dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium bacterium, Penicillium notatum, Aspergillus, head mold
While the quantity of the floras such as bacterium, streptomycete, yeast dextran and chitosan oligosaccharide ingredient joined, on the one hand which is micro- life
The nutriment of object, while remaining part can play the role of promoting plant immune, improve plant, especially fruits and vegetables
Product and quality reduce disease.Further include fertilizer synergist agricultural grade polyglutamic acid etc., plays microorganism fertilizer and chemical fertilizer/organic
Fertile synergistic effect.
The present invention has following four big advantages:
(1) microorganism seed is derived from well-chosen natural, drug residue free and heavy-metal residual soil, and does not draw
Enter artificial strain, guarantees to greatest extent safely, effectively and inexpensive.
(2) in incubation, equipment interoperability is strong, to the of less demanding of equipment, such as open culture, intermittent ventilation,
Uncomfortable pH value and direct packaging use, easy to spread.
(3) present invention is with strong points, in particular for hardened soil or is easy to happen hardened soil (such as length
Green house of vegetables soil and Chinese medicine soil that phase excessively uses etc.), it has obvious effects on.
(4) present invention has remarkable result for Reducing amount of chemical fertilizer applied, pesticide reduction, fertilizer synergistic etc..The original of its said effect
Reason is: dominant microflora can resist it is hardened, prevention it is hardened；The disease resistance of plant can be improved in immunopotentiating agent, and reducing pesticide makes
Dosage；The utilization rate of fertilizer can be improved in agriculture grade polyglutamic acid.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Natural Mountain fertile soil is selected, which must satisfy heavy metal free residual, antibiotic-free residual, without pesticide
It remains, without soil-borne disease bacterium and animal；Microbe species are various and micro organism quantity reaches 1010CFU/g or more.
Using special screening and culturing medium, ingredient includes: pre-gelatinized starch 15g, brown sugar 15g, glucose 12g, sucrose
15g, soy peptone 10g, corn flour 8g, NaCl 6g, MgSO40.5g、K2HPO41g and Mai Pi powder 0.4g, yeast dextran
3g, chitosan oligosaccharide 0.05g, agriculture grade polyglutamic acid 5g, add water to 1000ml.
The humic 100g for selecting the mountain area fertile soil selected in open type biological reactor and special screening and culturing
Base 1000ml and water (according to 1:1000 ratio) are sufficiently mixed, dissolve, and expand culture.
In incubation, 30 DEG C of suitable temperature is kept, natural air was passed through every 2 hours and stirs 20 minutes, nature
PH value terminates fermentation after 1 day.Reactor is emptied after fermentation, is changed to new fertile soil and special culture medium, is restarted
Expand culture.
Fermentation liquid after spreading cultivation directly is taken, be applied in agricultural hardened soil solve it is hardened, or be applied in green house of vegetables soil
Prevent soil hardening in earth；And chesson can be played, improves soil aggregate structure, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, increasing and plant
Object immunity improves the effect of fruits and vegetables yield and quality.
Embodiment 2:
The fertile soil on pure natural lake bank is selected, which must satisfy the following conditions: heavy metal free residual,
Antibiotic-free residual, non agricultural chemical residuum, without soil-borne disease bacterium and animal；Microbe species are various and micro organism quantity reaches
1010CFU/g or more.
Using special screening and culturing medium, ingredient include: pre-gelatinized starch 25g, brown sugar 25g, glucose 20g, sucrose 10g,
Soy peptone 20g, corn flour 2g, NaCl 10g, MgSO41g、K2HPO45g, wheat skin powder 1g, yeast dextran 6g, chitosan oligosaccharide
0.05g, agriculture grade polyglutamic acid 5g.
In open type biological reactor, by the fertile soil 300g and special screening and culturing medium on the lake bank selected
1000ml and water (according to 1:1000 ratio) are sufficiently mixed, dissolve, and expand culture.
In incubation, 20 DEG C of suitable temperature is kept, natural air was passed through every 3 hours and stirs 30 minutes, nature
PH value, incubation time 2 days.Reactor is emptied after fermentation, is changed to new fertile soil and special culture medium, is restarted to expand
Big culture.
Fermentation liquid after spreading cultivation directly is taken, be applied in agricultural hardened soil solve it is hardened, or be applied in green house of vegetables soil
Prevent soil hardening in earth；And chesson can be played, improves soil aggregate structure, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, increasing and plant
Object immunity improves the effect of fruits and vegetables yield and quality.
Embodiment 3:
The fertile soil on nature river bank is selected, which must satisfy heavy metal free residual, antibiotic-free remains,
Non agricultural chemical residuum, without soil-borne disease bacterium and animal；Microbe species are various and micro organism quantity reaches 1010CFU/g or more.
Using special screening and culturing medium, ingredient include: pre-gelatinized starch 5g, brown sugar 20g, glucose 25g, sucrose 5g,
Soy peptone 25g, corn flour 15g, NaCl 2g, MgSO40.5g、K2HPO43g and Mai Pi powder 0.2g, yeast dextran 1g,
Chitosan oligosaccharide 0.01g, agriculture grade polyglutamic acid 1g, add water to 1000ml.
In open type biological reactor, humic 50g and special screening and culturing medium that the mountain area fertile soil selected is selected
1000ml and water (according to 1:1000 ratio) are sufficiently mixed, dissolve, and expand culture.
In incubation, 35 DEG C of suitable temperature is kept, natural air was passed through every 1 hour and stirs 20 minutes, nature
PH value terminates fermentation after 1 day.Reactor is emptied after fermentation, is changed to new fertile soil and special culture medium, is restarted
Expand culture.
Fermentation liquid after spreading cultivation directly is taken, be applied in agricultural hardened soil solve it is hardened, or be applied in green house of vegetables soil
Prevent soil hardening in earth；And chesson can be played, improves soil aggregate structure, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, increasing and plant
Object immunity improves the effect of fruits and vegetables yield and quality.
Embodiment 4:
The fertile soil on pure natural farmland bank is selected, which must satisfy the following conditions: heavy metal free residual,
Antibiotic-free residual, non agricultural chemical residuum, without soil-borne disease bacterium and animal；Microbe species are various and micro organism quantity reaches
1010CFU/g or more.
Using special screening and culturing medium, ingredient includes: pre-gelatinized starch 20g, brown sugar 5g, glucose 5g, sucrose 25g, big
Legumin peptone 5g, corn flour 4g, NaCl 10g, MgSO40.1g、K2HPO40.2g, wheat skin powder 1g, yeast dextran 5g, shell are few
Sugared 0.05g, agriculture grade polyglutamic acid 0.1g.
In open type biological reactor, by the fertile soil 500g and special screening and culturing medium on the lake bank selected
1000ml and water (according to 1:1000 ratio) are sufficiently mixed, dissolve, and expand culture.
In incubation, 25 DEG C of suitable temperature is kept, natural air was passed through every 3 hours and stirs 30 minutes, nature
PH value, incubation time 2 days.Reactor is emptied after fermentation, is changed to new fertile soil and special culture medium, is restarted to expand
Big culture.
Fermentation liquid after spreading cultivation directly is taken, be applied in agricultural hardened soil solve it is hardened, or be applied in green house of vegetables soil
Prevent soil hardening in earth；And chesson can be played, improves soil aggregate structure, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, increasing and plant
Object immunity improves the effect of fruits and vegetables yield and quality.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil, it is characterised in that: to unpolluted near farmland
After fertile soil is spread cultivation, takes its fermentation liquid and be applied in farmland.
2. a kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that specific work
Skill is shown in steps are as follows:
Step 1: acquisition source is fertile soil that is pure natural near farmland, not being contaminated；
Step 2: being expanded to the fertile soil of acquisition with bioreactor using prefabricated dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium microbiological culture media
Culture；
Step 3: the fermentation liquid after spreading cultivation directly is taken, it is applied in agricultural soil or green house of vegetables soil.
3. a kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 1
In, the fertile soil of acquisition is selected from mountain area fertile soil, the fertile soil on lake bank, the fertile soil on river bank and like environment and area
The fertile soil in domain.
4. a kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 1
In, its micro organism quantity of the fertile soil of acquisition reaches 1010CFU/g or more.
5. a kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the solution
The component of the following mass fraction ratio of phosphorus silicate-dissolving microbe culture medium mixes in water:
The mixture of above-mentioned each component and the mass ratio of water are 20-200:1000.
6. a kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the ferment
One or both of female glucan and chitosan oligosaccharide are substituted by one or more of innate immunity promotor.
7. a kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: described poly-
Glutamic acid is substituted by one or more of fertilizer synergist.
8. a kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
Rapid two specific method is, by fertile soil and culture medium in open type biological reactor and after water is sufficiently mixed dissolution, carries out
Expand culture；
Wherein, the proportion of the fertile soil and culture medium is 50-500g fertile soil: 1000ml culture medium；
The additive amount of the water is 800-1500 times of the total weight of fertile soil and culture medium.
9. a kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
Rapid two ground condition of culture are as follows: 18-35 DEG C of cultivation temperature was passed through natural air every 1-4 hours and stirs 15-30 minutes, culture
Time is summer 1-2 days, winter 2-3 days.
10. a kind of microorganism in situ cultural method for agricultural soil as described in claim 1-9 is any, feature exist
In:
Application on the solution of hardened soil is hardened；
Application on prevention soil hardening；
Chesson, improve soil aggregate structure, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, increase via plant immunity, improve fruits and vegetables yield and
Application in quality.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111170807A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-19 | 湖南苏仙瑶岭生态休闲农业开发有限公司 | Large-scale cultivation method for forest humic bacterial manure |
| CN114467405A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-05-13 | 自然资源部天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所 | A method for cultivating indigenous microorganisms to remediate saline-alkali soil and its application |
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| CN114467405A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-05-13 | 自然资源部天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所 | A method for cultivating indigenous microorganisms to remediate saline-alkali soil and its application |
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Application publication date: 20190104 |
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