CN109122579A - A method of it improving large bone chicken Feathering type automatic sexing and identifies accuracy rate - Google Patents
A method of it improving large bone chicken Feathering type automatic sexing and identifies accuracy rate Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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Abstract
The present invention relates to poultry breed of variety methods, identify the method for accuracy rate more particularly to a kind of raising large bone chicken Feathering type automatic sexing, comprising the following steps: (1) breeder flock is established for generations, separates fast plumage chicken and slow plumage chicken；(2) homozygous slow plumage cock is determined by test cross, then by homozygous slow plumage cock and slow plumage hen pure breeding, establishes maternal breeder flock；(3) by fast plumage hen and fast plumage cock pure breeding；By the breeding of four generations, establishes and stablize paternal breeder flock；(4) hybridized with paternal fast plumage cock with maternal slow plumage hen, obtained offspring is the commodity chick that available Feathering type identifies male and female, and fast plumage is hen, and slow plumage is cock, by using the improved method of theory of science of heredity, the Feathering type of commodity chick identifies accuracy rate and is increased to 98% or more, and chick is just born, so that it may identify male and female according to plumage type, according to production mode reform difference, it selects required gender to raise, saves feeding cost, improve the economic benefit of farm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to poultry breed of variety methods, identify more particularly to a kind of raising large bone chicken Feathering type automatic sexing
The method of accuracy rate.
Background technique
In recent years, the amount of livestock on hand of free-ranging chicken was continuously increased, increasing to the demand of large bone chicken, to promotion increasing peasant income
With raising common people's hierarchy of consumption, good economic benefit is produced.With the increasingly raising of living standard, common people's health care consciousness
Also it gradually increases, also higher and higher to the quality requirements of animal food, Zhuanghe's large bone chicken meat is high, and it is Fresh & Tender in Texture, it is rich in
Amino acid, minerals, vitamin.Wherein protein content is higher than broiler chicken by 16%, and iron content is higher than broiler chicken by 64%, magnesium, copper, manganese etc.
Micronutrient levels is higher than broiler chicken by 30% or more.Large bone chicken chicken fat content lower than other chicken kinds 11%.With very high taste
Effect and medical value are mended, is well received by consumers.
According to the consumption direction of people, it can be determined that the Value load ratio tendency for going out male and female large bone chicken is raised to reduce
This is formed, the economic benefit of farm is improved, necessarily has certain culture to be inclined to the gender of large bone chicken.And in chick stage,
It can not be by visually directly identifying the male and female of chick, existing technology is by way of dissect come the male and female for identifying chick,
It is obvious that it is 100% that dissect mode, which identifies male and female accuracy rate, but must be to sacrifice the life of chick as cost, if it is possible to
It finds one kind and does not identify chick male and female in the way of cost to sacrifice chick life, that is highly promoted.
It can accomplish not identify young bird by way of cost to sacrifice chick life the method for science in existing technology
Chicken male and female, but identify accuracy rate and rest between 90-91% always, this level maintains the several years, it is difficult to break through.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to further save the production cost of large bone chicken and improve the economic benefit of farm, for big bone
Chicken has carried out the cultivation of Feathering type Down co1or sexing strain, so that chick is just born, so that it may identify male and female according to plumage type, thus root
According to production mode reform difference, required gender is selected to raise, and break through routine, the identification accuracy rate of this method is increased to
98% or more.
The technical solution for solving above-mentioned technical problem is as follows:
The present invention devises a kind of method that raising large bone chicken Feathering type automatic sexing identifies accuracy rate, and hatching first day is just
Chick gender can simply and effectively be identified.Using the speed feather genes of sex-kink, it is a kind of for cultivating the strain of Down co1or sexing
Effective method.Plumage speed type is controlled by the one pair of genes (A, a) in same site, wherein slow feather genes A is dominant, fast plumage base
Because a is recessiveness, fast plumage chicken genotype is ZaZa (♂) and ZaW (♀), and primaries, which is longer than, when showing as hatching covers primaries, covers master
Wing plumage is shorter than primaries or does not grow.Slow plumage chicken genotype is ZAZA (♂) or ZAZa (♂) and ZAW (♀), shows as master when hatching
Wing plumage is shorter than or does not grow equal to primaries or primaries is covered.Go out shell in for 24 hours in chick and carry out the identification of plumage type, can separate it is fast,
Slow plumage.
Specific step is as follows:
(1) foundation of breeder flock for generations
200-400 pieces of hatching egg bought from large bone chicken conservation field, by hatching, the chick of chickling-surviving rate 85%, hatching exists
It is observed within 24 hours, observes the apparent type of wing plumage.Fast plumage plumage type is divided into two class of K1 type and K2 type, slow plumage plumage type is drawn
It is divided into 4 classes.Fast plumage type: primaries be longer than cover primaries and absolute difference to be more than or equal to 5mm be K1 type, be greater than less than 5mm
2mm is K2 type；Slow plumage type: the elongateds such as S1 (primaries and cover primaries isometric)；S2 falls elongated, and (primaries shorter than covers main wing
Plumage)；S3 does not grow type (primaries do not grow or lead, cover primaries do not grow)；(primaries is longer than covers primaries to the micro- elongated of S4
Within 2mm).Slow plumage chicken and fast plumage chicken are made into label, when growing into 28 weeks, by the fast plumage chicken for meeting kind requirement and slow plumage
Chicken is as kind of a use；
(2) foundation of maternal breeder flock
A) test cross: picking out cock in the slow plumage chicken for meeting kind requirement in above-mentioned steps (1), and every cock matches 20 mothers
Chicken, the method breeding manually inseminated, first time semen deposition will start to collect hatching egg after three days, defeated again primary by the 7th day, point
Not Shou Ji hatching egg, mark, every cock collects qualified 100 pieces of hatching egg, is hatched；Strictly to distinguish when rule, every
The hatching egg of cock is individually placed in a hatching box；It after chicken goes out shell, examines, conscientiously identifies, will finally occur having in offspring
The cock breeder of fast plumage chicken is eliminated, and determines homozygous slow plumage cock；
B) pure breeding: mating with the slow plumage cock of determining homozygosis with slow plumage hen, and the method breeding manually inseminated is received
Collect hatching of breeding eggs, therefrom chooses and comply with standard hen and cock as kind of a use, maternal breeder flock foundation finishes；
(3) foundation of paternal breeder flock
Fast plumage hen and fast plumage cock are subjected to pure breeding, the slow plumage chicken occurred in chicken is eliminated, then carry out pure breeding；By
The breeding of four generations establishes stablize paternal breeder flock enough；Dark dried fruit is contained to the fast plumage cock feeding in paternal breeder flock
Feed guarantees that every fast plumage cock feeding amount is at least 100 grams, fed continuous 4-8 weeks；Dark dried fruit be red heart honey shaddock it is dry,
Any one or a few during red heart flue dried fruit, dried strawberry, watermelon are dry；The quality of dark dried fruit account for feed total amount 15~
30%.
(4) hybridize
The paternal fast plumage cock and maternal slow plumage hen of the feed containing dark dried fruit are crossed with feeding in step (3)
Hybridized, obtained offspring is exactly the commodity chick that available Feathering type identifies male and female, i.e., fast plumage is hen, and slow plumage is cock.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Intention of the present invention is novel, and by many years verification experimental verification, the Feathering type of commodity chick, which identifies accuracy rate, can reach
To 98% or more, the invention has the following advantages that
1) by new method, chick accuracy of male and female identification is improved:
For large bone chicken, Feathering type Down co1or sexing is carried out, in the method for original Feathering type Down co1or sexing strain, by feeding
The purebred fast specific food of plumage cock is eaten, after the fast plumage cock of forage feed with dark dried fruit, fast plumage cock is adapted to
Such feed, containing different from the chicken kind for feeding conventional feed in the blood and body fluid of fast plumage cock, defecation is also with one
Fixed color can visually go out this kind of fast plumage cock respectively；It takes this kind of fast plumage cock and maternal slow plumage hen progress is miscellaneous
It hands over, obtained offspring is exactly the commodity chick that available Feathering type identifies male and female, i.e., fast plumage is hen, and slow plumage is cock；According to something lost
The rule combination dissect for passing genetics proves, it is partially red for cock chick that color burn occurs in chick assistant, then in fast plumage chick
In, there are the ranks that assistant color burn is partially red and belongs to cock chick；It can assist identifying by these methods, so that
Resolution is increased to 98% or more.Chick is just born, so that it may identify male and female according to plumage type, according to production mode reform difference, selection is certainly
Oneself required gender is raised, and saves the economic benefit that feeding cost improves farm.
2) conservation.Currently, purebred Zhuanghe chicken negligible amounts, are in Critical Condition；Design route by the method for the invention promotees
Into the all-round popularization and application of kind；The foundation for promoting the new model and mode of novel Zhuanghe chicken conservation, that realizes the kind can
Continue conservation.Carry out the nurturing research work of Zhuanghe's large bone chicken for years, and carries out appropriate conservation work.This is possessed
Kind chicken has core group 500, and wherein hen has 400, and fast plumage cock has 30, slow plumage cock 70；Have development to build
Vertical strain, carries out the basic condition of group expanding and breeding.
3) it promotes.Zhuanghe's large bone chicken meat is high, Fresh & Tender in Texture, is rich in amino acid, minerals, vitamin.Wherein albumen
Matter content is higher than broiler chicken by 16%, and iron content is higher than broiler chicken by 64%, and the micronutrient levels such as magnesium, copper, manganese are higher than broiler chicken by 30% or more.
Large bone chicken chicken fat content lower than other chicken kinds 11%.It is deep by consumer's with very high nourishing effects and medical value
Like.The egg of large bone chicken is bigger, and average egg weight is in 68-70g, 8-9 grades of yolk color grade, with nutritive value is high and it is famous,
The especially meat and egg of free-ranging chicken, even more rare delicious good merchantable brand.The adult large bone chicken of 1 about 3.3-4kg weight, per kilogram 30
Member, price are up to more than 100 yuan, have very high economic value.Therefore, Zhuanghe's large bone chicken has extensive promotional value.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is Feathering type Sex judging Technology Roadmap of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the assistant structural schematic diagram of the fast plumage hen of final goods chick；
Fig. 3 is the assistant structural schematic diagram of the slow plumage cock of final goods chick.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
1) foundation of breeder flock for generations
300 pieces of hatching egg are bought in Liaoning Province large bone chicken conservation field (Liaoyang), by hatching, hatching 255, interior for 24 hours right
255 chickens are conscientiously observed, and observe the apparent type of wing plumage, separate slow plumage chicken and fast plumage chicken.There are 25 fast plumages by observation
Chicken, slow plumage chicken are 230.Fast, slow chicken is made a mark, when growing into 28 weeks, fast, the slow plumage chicken for meeting kind requirement is selected
As kind of a use.Slow plumage hen selects 93, slow plumage cock 9.Fast hen 12, plumage, fast plumage cock 3.
2) foundation of maternal breeder flock
Test cross next year is carried out to 9 slow plumage cocks, whether homozygous verifies its gene.
Test cross: by 9 of the number of finishing slow plumage stock cocks, every cock matches 20 hens, the method breeding manually inseminated.
First time semen deposition will start to collect hatching egg after three days, defeated primary again to 7 days needs, collect hatching egg respectively, mark.Often
Cock collects qualified 100 pieces of hatching egg, is hatched.It to be strictly distinguished from when rule, the hatching egg of every cock is individually placed on
In one hatching box.It after chicken goes out shell, examines, conscientiously identifies, as a result as shown in table 1 below, finally discovery has number " slow public affairs 2 "
There is fast plumage chicken in the offspring of " slow public affairs 5 " 2 cocks, is eliminated, the offspring of remaining 7 cock does not have fast plumage young bird to occur,
Determine that this 7 are homozygous slow plumage cock.
The slow plumage cock hatching situation of watch 1
Pure breeding: mating with the slow plumage cock of 7 homozygosis with slow plumage hen, the method breeding manually inseminated.Collect kind
Egg incubation is therefrom chosen and complies with standard hen 350, and cock 20 is only cooked kind of a use.Maternal breeder flock foundation finishes.
3) paternal breeder flock is established
Fast hen 12, plumage, fast plumage cock 3 carry out pure breeding, slow plumage chicken occur in chicken.Slow plumage chicken can only be washed in a pan
It eliminates, then carries out pure breeding.By the breeding of four generations, 2 years time, which established, stablizes paternal breeder flock, as shown in table 2 below.
2 first generation of table is to forth generation chickling-surviving number
Contain the feed of dark dried fruit to the fast plumage cock feeding in paternal breeder flock, guarantees every fast plumage cock feeding
Amount is 100 grams, fed continuous 4 weeks；Dark dried fruit is red heart flue dried fruit；The quality of dark dried fruit accounts for feed total amount
30%.
4) hybridize
The paternal fast plumage cock and maternal slow plumage hen of the feed containing dark dried fruit are crossed with feeding in step 3)
Hybridized, offspring is exactly the commodity chick that available Feathering type identifies male and female.Fast plumage is hen, and slow plumage is cock.It is miscellaneous for the first time
Friendship is with fast plumage cock 30, and slow plumage hen 350 is only hybridized, and collects 500 pieces of hatching egg and enters to incubate, hatching 395, in hatching
Identified in for 24 hours with plumage type, fast plumage chicken is 201, and slow plumage chicken is 194, there is assistant color burn in the fast plumage chicken of 2 chick, is led to
Dissect verifying is crossed, having 199 in fast plumage hen is cock, and having 196 in slow plumage cock is hen.It can be seen that Feathering type identifies
Accuracy rate is up to 100% (as shown in table 3).
3 Feathering type female of table identifies accuracy rate
Embodiment 2:
Difference from Example 1 is, in step 3), contains dark water to the fast plumage cock feeding in paternal breeder flock
The feed of dried fruit guarantees that every fast plumage cock feeding amount is 120 grams, fed continuous 8 weeks；Dark dried fruit be red heart honey shaddock it is dry,
The dry mixture for being 1:1:1:1 according to mass ratio of red heart flue dried fruit, dried strawberry, watermelon；The quality of dark dried fruit accounts for feed
The 15% of total amount.
Hybridization for the first time is with fast plumage cock 30, and slow plumage hen 350 is only hybridized, and 500 pieces of hatching egg of collection enters to incubate, out
It is 395 young, identified in hatching for 24 hours with plumage type, fast plumage chicken is 200, and slow plumage chicken is 195, there is plumage in the fast plumage chicken of 1 chick
Wing color burn, is verified by dissect, and having 199 in fast plumage hen is cock, and having 196 in slow plumage cock is hen.Thus may be used
See, Feathering type identifies accuracy rate up to 100% [such as shown in table 3 (a)].
Table 3 (a) Feathering type female identifies accuracy rate
Embodiment 3:
Difference from Example 1 is, in step 3), contains dark water to the fast plumage cock feeding in paternal breeder flock
The feed of dried fruit guarantees that every fast plumage cock feeding amount is 110 grams, fed continuous 6 weeks；Dark dried fruit be red heart honey shaddock it is dry,
The mixture that red heart flue dried fruit is 1: 1 according to mass ratio；The quality of dark dried fruit accounts for the 25% of feed total amount.
Hybridization for the first time is with fast plumage cock 30, and slow plumage hen 350 is only hybridized, and 500 pieces of hatching egg of collection enters to incubate, out
It is 395 young, identified in hatching for 24 hours with plumage type, fast plumage chicken is 202, and slow plumage chicken is 193, there is plumage in the fast plumage chicken of 3 chick
Wing color burn, is verified by dissect, and having 199 in fast plumage hen is cock, and having 196 in slow plumage cock is hen.Thus may be used
See, Feathering type identifies accuracy rate up to 100% [such as shown in table 3 (a)].
Table 3 (b) Feathering type female identifies accuracy rate
Data analysis
It year will carry out the production of commodity young bird every year from 2013 to 2017, year production is 10,000 or so average.Year hatching 2
To 3 batches.The chicken in 100 births for 24 hours will be extracted out from every batch of commodity young bird, wherein slow plumage chicken and fast plumage chicken respectively account for one
Half, carry out dissect identification.Cut open chicken 200-400 year only, data are as shown in table 4 below:
4 Feathering type female of table identifies accuracy rate
The accuracy rate that can be seen that large bone chicken Feathering type automatic sexing method from the result in table 4 is more stable, purely fast
Slow plumage discrimination method accuracy rate is can be improved to 98% or more using the method for the present invention accuracy rate always between 90-91%.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not does limitation in any form to the present invention, it is all according to
According to any simple modification to the above embodiments in technical spirit of the invention, equivalent variations, guarantor of the invention is each fallen within
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method for improving large bone chicken Feathering type automatic sexing and identifying accuracy rate, which comprises the following steps:
(1) foundation of breeder flock for generations
200-400 pieces of commercially available hatching egg, by hatching, the chick of chickling-surviving rate 85%, hatching is observed within 24 hours, sees
The apparent type of wing plumage is examined, wherein fast plumage type includes K1 type and K2 type, primaries, which is longer than, covers primaries and absolute difference is more than or equal to
5mm is K1 type, and it is K2 type that 2mm is greater than less than 5mm；Wherein, slow plumage type includes that the elongateds such as S1, S2 fall elongated, S3 and do not grow
The micro- elongated of type, S4 out；Slow plumage chicken and fast plumage chicken are made into label, when growing into 28 weeks, by meet kind requirement fast plumage chicken and
Slow plumage chicken is as kind of a use；
(2) foundation of maternal breeder flock
A) test cross: picking out cock in the slow plumage chicken for meeting kind requirement in above-mentioned steps (1), and every cock matches 20 hens,
The method breeding manually inseminated, first time semen deposition will start to collect hatching egg after three days, defeated again primary by the 7th day, respectively
Hatching egg is collected, is marked, every cock collects qualified 100 pieces of hatching egg, is hatched；Strictly to distinguish when rule, every public affairs
The hatching egg of chicken is individually placed in a hatching box；It after chicken goes out shell, examines, conscientiously identifies, will finally occur having in offspring fast
The cock breeder of plumage chicken is eliminated, and determines homozygous slow plumage cock；
B) pure breeding: mating with the slow plumage cock of determining homozygosis with slow plumage hen, the method breeding manually inseminated, collection kind
Egg incubation is therefrom chosen and complies with standard hen and cock as kind of a use, and maternal breeder flock foundation finishes；
(3) foundation of paternal breeder flock
Fast plumage hen and fast plumage cock are subjected to pure breeding, the slow plumage chicken occurred in chicken is eliminated, then carry out pure breeding；By four generations
Breeding establishes stablize paternal breeder flock enough；Contain the feed of dark dried fruit to the fast plumage cock feeding in paternal breeder flock,
Guarantee that every fast plumage cock feeding amount is at least 100 grams, fed continuous 4-8 weeks；
(4) hybridize
It is carried out with the paternal fast plumage cock that feeding in step (3) crosses the feed containing dark dried fruit with maternal slow plumage hen
Hybridization, obtained offspring are exactly the commodity chick that available Feathering type identifies male and female, i.e., fast plumage is hen, and slow plumage is cock.
2. the method according to claim 1 for improving large bone chicken Feathering type automatic sexing and identifying accuracy rate, which is characterized in that
Commercially available hatching egg described in step (1) is the hatching egg that large bone chicken conservation field is bought.
3. the method according to claim 1 for improving large bone chicken Feathering type automatic sexing and identifying accuracy rate, which is characterized in that
Dark dried fruit described in step (3) be any one during red heart honey shaddock is dry, red heart flue dried fruit, dried strawberry, watermelon are dry or
It is several.
4. the method according to claim 1 for improving large bone chicken Feathering type automatic sexing and identifying accuracy rate, which is characterized in that
The quality of dark dried fruit described in step (3) accounts for the 15~30% of feed total amount.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115024273A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-09-09 | 长顺天农绿壳蛋鸡实业有限公司 | Method for identifying sex of Changshun green-shell laying hens through fast and slow feathers |
| CN117814163A (en) * | 2024-03-06 | 2024-04-05 | 中国海洋大学三亚海洋研究院 | Method for distinguishing male and female of silver drum fish based on morphological analysis |
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| CN104285880A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2015-01-21 | 上海市农业科学院 | Hybrid breed production mode of black feather chicken commercial line |
| CN107667976A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-02-09 | 山东省农业科学院家禽研究所 | A kind of producing method for seed of the high yield type reed catkins feather layer of green-shell egg of automatic sexing |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN115024273A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-09-09 | 长顺天农绿壳蛋鸡实业有限公司 | Method for identifying sex of Changshun green-shell laying hens through fast and slow feathers |
| CN117814163A (en) * | 2024-03-06 | 2024-04-05 | 中国海洋大学三亚海洋研究院 | Method for distinguishing male and female of silver drum fish based on morphological analysis |
| CN117814163B (en) * | 2024-03-06 | 2024-05-10 | 中国海洋大学三亚海洋研究院 | Method for distinguishing male and female of silver drum fish based on morphological analysis |
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| CN109122579B (en) | 2021-11-05 |
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