CN109109602A - 机动车辆底盘轴的横向板簧组件 - Google Patents

机动车辆底盘轴的横向板簧组件 Download PDF

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CN109109602A
CN109109602A CN201810634219.5A CN201810634219A CN109109602A CN 109109602 A CN109109602 A CN 109109602A CN 201810634219 A CN201810634219 A CN 201810634219A CN 109109602 A CN109109602 A CN 109109602A
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spring assembly
torque
devices
lead spring
motor vehicles
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A·希格勒
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/32—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds
    • B60G11/34—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds including leaf springs
    • B60G11/44—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds including leaf springs and also torsion-bar springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
    • B60G11/10—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only characterised by means specially adapted for attaching the spring to axle or sprung part of the vehicle
    • B60G11/113—Mountings on the axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
    • B60G11/08—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only arranged substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/02—Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means
    • B60G17/023—Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means the mechanical spring being a leaf spring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G21/00—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces
    • B60G21/02—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected
    • B60G21/04—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically
    • B60G21/05—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically between wheels on the same axle but on different sides of the vehicle, i.e. the left and right wheel suspensions being interconnected
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G7/00—Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
    • B60G7/02—Attaching arms to sprung part of vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10—Type of spring
    • B60G2202/11—Leaf spring
    • B60G2202/114—Leaf spring transversally arranged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/40—Type of actuator
    • B60G2202/41—Fluid actuator
    • B60G2202/412—Pneumatic actuator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/40—Type of actuator
    • B60G2202/41—Fluid actuator
    • B60G2202/413—Hydraulic actuator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/40—Type of actuator
    • B60G2202/42—Electric actuator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
    • B60G2204/121—Mounting of leaf springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/41—Elastic mounts, e.g. bushings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/41—Elastic mounts, e.g. bushings
    • B60G2204/4106—Elastokinematic mounts
    • B60G2204/41062—Elastokinematic mounts hydromounts; interconnected mounts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/418—Bearings, e.g. ball or roller bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/424—Mechanisms for force adjustment, e.g. constant force mechanisms

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

一种机动车辆的底盘轴的横向板簧组件，该横向板簧组件具有横向板簧，该横向板簧分别经由两个外部轴承机构支承在车轮支架上并且经由两个中央轴承机构支承在车身上，其中，这些中央轴承机构各自具有扭矩产生装置，其扭矩方向与该机动车辆的纵向轴线平行地延伸，其中，该扭矩产生装置具有如下器件：这些器件产生至少依赖于这些外部轴承机构上的弹簧挠度而可变的扭矩。

Description

机动车辆底盘轴的横向板簧组件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种机动车辆的底盘轴的横向板簧组件，该横向板簧组件具有横向板簧，该横向板簧分别经由两个外部轴承机构支承在车轮支架上并且经由两个中央轴承机构支承在车身上，其中，这些中央轴承机构各自具有扭矩产生装置，其扭矩方向与该机动车辆的纵向轴线平行地延伸。
背景技术
横向板簧组件是底盘的一部分。车轮、车轮悬挂系统、避震簧、缓冲器和转向系统都属于底盘。横向板簧组件大体上具有横向板簧，该横向板簧通过两个外部轴承机构分别支承在车轮架处并且通过两个中央轴承机构支承在车身上。通过横向板簧的实施或其影响，能够实现车辆的弹簧刚度、稳定特性和水平调节。在此，该弹簧刚度对机动车辆的弹簧压缩、对车辆的摇摆行为的稳定特性和对地面高度的水平调节具有关键性的作用。
现在从DE 10 2010 042 222 A1已知，中央轴承机构指派有所谓的扭矩产生装置。根据在纵向轴线的哪个方向上产生扭矩，可以由此影响弹簧刚度、稳定化特性、以及水平高度。因此，这例如可以实现：通过在中央轴承中产生具有相同指向的扭矩方向的扭矩在一个车轮处产生比内轮处更大的车轮支撑力，这抵制了机动车辆的侧倾。这例如还可以实现：通过产生具有相反的扭矩方向的扭矩来改变水平高度，其方式为使得可以补偿机动车辆负载较大时的额外的重力。
发明内容
但这种组件具有以下缺点：即，通过施加特定的、预设的扭矩例如并不能充分考虑行驶动态的影响。
因此，本发明的目的在于提供一种底盘轴的横向板簧组件，该横向板簧组件以简单的方式避免了上述缺点。
这个目的是通过以下方式实现的：即，扭矩产生装置具有如下器件，这些器件产生至少依赖于外部轴承机构的弹簧挠性而可变的扭矩。由此可以通过特别简单的方式实现对底盘特征的适配。
在一个有利的实施方式中，这些器件由具有可变的扭转刚度的、尤其被实施为液压轴承的橡胶轴承构成。这种器件是尤其适合的，以便以相同定向的扭矩方向来安装并因此改善机动车辆的侧倾特性。
在一个替代性实施方式中，这些器件由具有可变的扭转刚度的扭转弹簧构成。通过改变接合的绕组，以简单的方式提供可变的扭矩。扭转弹簧尤其适用于以相同指向的扭矩方向进行安装。
由此提供了根据本发明的横向板簧组件的一个特别有利的实施方式：这些器件由用于产生可变的扭矩的致动器构成，其中，提供了至少一个控制装置，该至少一个控制装置依赖于至少一个输入变量来设定该扭矩。通过这种方式，可以由致动器产生相同指向或者相反指向的扭矩，并且依赖于车辆的运行情况产生弹簧刚度、稳定化特性或者水平高度的最佳适配。在此，该致动器可以电动、液压或者气动地实施。
此外，可以以有利的方式提供如下器件：即，这些器件沿该机动车辆的竖轴和/或横轴的方向来调节这些中央轴承机构。同样地，可以提供如下器件：这些器件沿竖轴和/或横轴的方向来调节这些外部轴承机构。
附图说明
借助于附图更详细地解释本发明，在附图中
图1示出具有示意性地展示的横向板簧组件的机动车辆的前视图，
图2示出根据本发明的横向板簧组件的示意性图示，并且图3示出了示出在不同扭矩下横向板簧的总力矩曲线的简图。
具体实施方式
图1以示意性前视图示出了根据本发明的横向板簧组件2，该横向板簧组件是机动车辆4的(为进一步展示的)前轴组件的组成部分。两个前轮标有参考符号6、8，这些前轮分别通过已知的方式安排在车轮架10，12处。车轮架10、12尤其通过示意性展示的转向器14、16、18、20与机动车辆4的(未详细展示的)车身相连接。横向板簧组件2的横向板簧22通过中央轴承机构24、26支承在机动车辆4的车身处并且通过外部轴承机构28、30支承在车轮架10、12上。机动车辆4以已知的方式具有竖轴32、横轴34和纵轴36。
图2示出了具有中央轴承机构24、26的横向板簧22的示意性细节视图。外部轴承机构28、33在此未展示。中央轴承机构24、26各自具有轴瓦38、40，此外示意性地展示了扭矩产生装置42、44，这些扭矩产生装置可以产生可变的扭矩。在此，扭矩产生装置42、44具有器件46、48，这些器件产生可变的扭矩。这些器件可以被设计为被动器件，例如橡胶轴承(尤其液压轴承)、扭杆、或者还有具有可变的扭转刚度的扭转弹簧。然而在本实施例中提供了致动器46、48，这些致动器与控制装置50相连接，该控制装置依赖于至少一个输入变量来设定扭矩。
在本实施例中，相对彼此指向的扭矩被施加到轴瓦38、40上，其中，相反指向的扭矩与纵向轴线36平行地延伸。由此，横向板簧22相对于其以虚线展示的初始状态而弯曲，其方式为使得横向板簧22的端部水平地升高。因此，机动车辆4的车身降低，这在负载较大时尤其地起作用。控制装置50展示依赖于相应的车轮6、8的弹簧挠度有待通过致动器42、44设定的扭矩。
图3示出了作用于横向板簧22中的总力矩曲线的简图，在该横向板簧的长度上具有依赖于车轮6、8的弹簧挠度而不同施加的扭矩。第一条线52示出了零弹簧挠度时的总力矩曲线。第二条线54示出了在中等的弹簧挠度大小下的总力矩曲线，并且线56示出了在高的弹簧挠度下的总力矩曲线。
应清楚的是：可以使用多个输入变量，以便在各种运行情况下设定致动器42、44的扭矩。此外，也还可以沿机动车辆的竖轴和/或横轴的方向来调节中央轴承机构，并且沿机动车辆的竖轴和/或横轴的方向来调节外部轴承机构。

Claims (7)

1.一种机动车辆的底盘轴的横向板簧组件，该横向板簧组件具有横向板簧，该横向板簧分别经由两个外部轴承机构支承在车轮支架上并且经由两个中央轴承机构支承在车身上，其中，这些中央轴承机构各自具有扭矩产生装置，其扭矩方向与该机动车辆的纵向轴线平行地延伸，其特征在于，该扭矩产生装置具有如下器件：这些器件产生至少依赖于这些外部轴承机构上的弹簧挠度而可变的扭矩。
2.根据权利要求1所述的横向板簧组件，其特征在于，这些器件由具有可变的扭转刚度的、尤其被实施为液压轴承的橡胶轴承构成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的横向板簧组件，其特征在于，这些器件由具有可变的扭转刚度的扭杆构成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的横向板簧组件，其特征在于，这些器件由具有可变的扭转刚度的扭转弹簧构成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的横向板簧组件，其特征在于，这些器件由用于产生可变的扭矩的致动器构成，其中，提供了至少一个控制装置，该至少一个控制装置依赖于至少一个输入变量来设定该扭矩。
6.根据前述权利要求之一所述的横向板簧组件，其特征在于，提供了如下器件：这些器件沿该机动车辆的竖轴和/或横轴的方向来调节这些中央轴承机构。
7.根据前述权利要求之一所述的横向板簧组件，其特征在于，提供了如下器件：这些器件沿该机动车辆的竖轴和/或横轴的方向来调节这些外部轴承机构。
CN201810634219.5A 2017-06-23 2018-06-20 机动车辆底盘轴的横向板簧组件 Pending CN109109602A (zh)

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