CN109105188A - A kind of implantation methods of the coptis - Google Patents

A kind of implantation methods of the coptis Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109105188A
CN109105188A CN201810652733.1A CN201810652733A CN109105188A CN 109105188 A CN109105188 A CN 109105188A CN 201810652733 A CN201810652733 A CN 201810652733A CN 109105188 A CN109105188 A CN 109105188A
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China
Prior art keywords
parts
coptis
raw material
soil
liquid
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CN201810652733.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈辉
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Guangxi Lu Chuan County Lanhui Agricultural Technology Co Ltd
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Guangxi Lu Chuan County Lanhui Agricultural Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810652733.1A priority Critical patent/CN109105188A/en
Publication of CN109105188A publication Critical patent/CN109105188A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/08—Immunising seed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/22—Lamiaceae or Labiatae [Mint family], e.g. thyme, rosemary, skullcap, selfheal, lavender, perilla, pennyroyal, peppermint or spearmint
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/26—Meliaceae [Chinaberry or Mahogany family], e.g. mahogany, langsat or neem
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/36—Rutaceae [Rue family], e.g. lime, orange, lemon, corktree or pricklyash
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A01N65/42—Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of coptis, it is related to planting technology field, the implantation methods of the coptis of the invention are the following steps are included: the pretreatment of (1) planting site, (2) Seeds preprocess, (3) sowing and (4) field management；Coptis planting method of the invention is by pre-processing planting site and the seed of plantation, germ is eliminated in source, sterilization drug ingedient safety used, the character of the coptis will not be changed and do not cause soil hardening, pollution etc., by a series of processing, coptis fast-growth, pest and disease damage incidence is promoted to be decreased obviously, the use of later period pesticide has been reduced or avoided, cost is not only reduced, and improves the pharmaceutical safety of the coptis, is worthy to be popularized.

Description

A kind of implantation methods of the coptis
[technical field]
The present invention relates to planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of the coptis.
[background technique]
The coptis is that a kind of commonly use has rare Chinese medicine.It is rare to be to plantation ecological environment requirement harshness, it is difficult to without limitation It expands the scale of production.It is extremely bitter that coptis hardship is not only medicinal material nature and flavor itself, and plantation process is various, and no matter large labor intensity educates Seedling, management, harvesting, all contact coptis branches and leaves of processing, root, dust be not without equally bitter.Since the establishment of the nation, professor Xu Jingtang is to the coptis Open country turns family's cultivation (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, the fifties in last century), and Zeng Qingmei researcher grinds about the basic technology that the coptis is cultivated Study carefully (academy of agricultural sciences of Hubei Province, the eighties in last century), Lichuan City is cultivated about the coptis, the system summary (Wu Decheng " benefit of processing technology RHIZOMA COPTIDIS from Sichuan of China will " 2007), and Qu Xianyou researcher is about coptis ecological cultivation (Chongqing Institute of Chinese Medicine -2008) etc..These documents And monograph lays particular emphasis on academic research, has the theory directive significance of important generality for Coptis planting, processing.But it is directed to The reality for planting the coptis is not fully solved high quality and yield cultivation techniques, is especially without solve high yield and quality cultivation System Problem of Technology Integration.
Therefore, the yield and plantation quality that the coptis how is improved under the premise of not destroying soil environment, are this fields Technical staff's technical issues that need to address.
[summary of the invention]
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of implantation methods of coptis, Coptis planting method of the invention By pre-processing to planting site and the seed of plantation, germ is eliminated in source, sterilizes drug ingedient safety used, it will not Change the character of the coptis and do not cause soil hardening, pollution etc., by a series of processing, promote coptis fast-growth, disease pest Evil incidence is decreased obviously, and the use of later period pesticide has been reduced or avoided, has not only reduced cost, and has improved the medicine of the coptis Use safety.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs the following technical solutions:
A kind of implantation methods of the coptis, comprising the following steps:
(1) planting site pre-processes: deep plough to planting site and cultivate entirely, dig out the sundries such as stone, branch, the soil layer of ploughing and weeding is deep Degree is 15-20cm；Disinfectant powder is applied into planting site according to 78-90kg/ mus of applied amount later, according to 28-32kg/ mus pour Water is watered into planting site, and mulch is then covered into planting site, opens mulch after covering 20-30d, and burning straw on surface will Plantation ground surface soil smokes into black, is then 1-2:2-3:2 according to mass ratio by silkworm excrement, fertile soil, Chicken dung and sandy loam: Plantation ground surface is uniformly laid on after the ratio mixing of 5-8；
(2) Seeds preprocess: selecting qualified coptis seed, is placed in the salt water that concentration is 13-18% and impregnates 10-20 points Clock, taking-up, which is placed in the amitriptyline solution of 0.2-0.3%, impregnates 30-45 minutes, and taking-up drains away the water, and is then mixed into kind The equiponderant fine sand of son, the fine sand are that the sand of 60-80 mesh is crossed and passed through in frying in frying pan, are uniformly mixed and are placed in temperature Degree is 26-29% in 40-45 DEG C of drying box, to be dried to surface moisture；Then mass fraction is added into the seed after drying For the bactericidal liquid of 6-9%, it is uniformly mixed and is placed in germinating box vernalization 18-25 hours, coptis seed can be obtained；The sterilization Liquid is made of raw material from the following weight: 10-20 parts of Zhu Jin, 10-20 parts of gleditsia sinensis, 8-16 parts of erythrina bark, numb 8-16 parts of chinaberry, the flower bud of lily magnolia 5-10 parts, 5-10 parts of dragon-boat flower, 3-8 parts of cordate houttuynia, 15-25 parts of scutellaria and appropriate amount of water；
(3) it sows: coptis seed after treatment is conventionally sowed；Landfill seed used in soil be by River silt, loess, peat soil, decomposed manure and rice bran are mixed according to the ratio that mass ratio is 3-5:1-2:0.5-1.5:1-2:1 It is made；
(4) field management: including the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, top dressing, the work for extracing flower tongue, watering, weeding with a hoe.
In the present invention, further, the disinfectant powder in the step (1) is made of the raw material of following parts by weight: calcium oxide 10-20 parts, 4-9 parts of garlic oil, 6-12 parts of Penicillium notatum, 5-10 parts of Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract, 4-9 parts of carbon silicon powder, 5-12 parts of straw ash and 1-2 parts of liquid phosphate solubilizing microorganism microbial inoculum.
In the present invention, further, the bactericidal liquid in the step (2) is made of raw material from the following weight: Zhu Jin 15 Part, 15 parts of gleditsia sinensis, 12 parts of erythrina bark, numb 12 parts of chinaberry, 7 parts of the flower bud of lily magnolia, dragon-boat spend 7 parts, 6 parts of cordate houttuynia, 20 parts of scutellaria and appropriate amount of water.
In the present invention, further, the bactericidal liquid in the step (2) obtains by the following method: composition is killed The raw material of bacterium solution crushes, and obtains sterilization powder, and the water that 6-8 times of all raw material gross weights are measured is added in sterilization powder, is uniformly mixed, cold Freeze 20-21 hours, heating infusion to volume is 1/3 originally, and it is 78- that 45-58 times of the raw material gross weight volume fraction measured, which is added, 81% alcoholic solution was filtered to remove precipitating, bactericidal liquid can be obtained in 41-43kHz ultrasound 50-55 minutes.
In the present invention, further, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control in the step (4) are as follows: after coptis height of seedling 5-9cm, every It is primary to carry out following insect-prevention treatment within 1-2 weeks: being sprayed first in root lime sulfur or with the clear 500 times of liquid in 29% orchard, so Insect prevention liquid is sprayed on soil near coptis seedling root afterwards, then applies aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, mistake therein in same location The dosage for aoxidizing aqueous solution of hydrogen is the 30-35% of insect prevention liquid quality, and insect prevention liquid is made of the raw material of following parts by weight: Chinese prickly ash 6- 12 parts, 5-10 parts of cotton rose, 4-9 parts of delavay pararuellia herb, 3-8 parts of Gynura bicolor, chelating potassium 1-2 parts, 2-3 parts of chelated iron, Chelated Manganese 0.5-1.5 parts and appropriate amount of water.
In the present invention, further, the top dressing in the step (4) are as follows: after planting First Year, every top dressing in 15-25 days Once, concrete mode are as follows: from the dressing furrow for digging 1 6-8cm depth at plant 18-24cm, it is decomposed organic to apply 200-300kg per acre Fertilizer, and it is primary monthly by 1:8-10 times of liquid mixing carrying out foliage-spray with biogas slurry and water；After sowing second year, every 20- Top dressing in 30 days is primary, applies 200-300kg decomposed manure and 2.5-3.5kg urea per acre, other fertilization modes and First Year phase Together.
In the present invention, further, in the step (4) extracing flower tongue is extractd in time when there is flower tongue every year, with The consumption for reducing nutriment, promotes the growth and development of under ground portion.
In the present invention, further, waters, weeds with a hoe in the step (4) are as follows: is appropriate when dry or summer Increase irrigation times, keeps humidity 55-70%, weed with a hoe within every 1-2 months primary, dig knotts clay after weeds are pulled out Pine creates good conditions for the rhizomatous growth and development of the coptis.
In the present invention, further, the decomposed manure is made of the raw material of following parts by weight: 12-20 parts of biogas residue, corruption Grow 3-8 parts sour, 8-16 parts of bentonite, 6-12 parts of rice-straw ash, 2-6 parts of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extractive liquid, 3-8 parts of brown sugar and probiotics leaven 4- 6 parts.
In the present invention, further, the decomposed manure obtains by the following method:
1) it prepares biogas residue: animal wastes being put into collection cesspool, and the tea extract of 2-3 times of parts by weight is added to excrement Just impregnated, when immersion a length of 12-18h, acid-base modifier is added, adjustings pH value is 6-8；Then it is transferred to microbial pretreatment Pond and the microbial inoculum being added after activation, are added acid-base modifier, and adjusting pH value is that 5-7 obtains pretreatment mixing excrement；Institute The additive amount for stating microbial inoculum is the 1/900-1/1200 of pretreatment mixing faecal volume；Pretreatment mixing night soil-treatment is completed After be transferred to ferment biomass pool and ferment, fermentation temperature is 29-35 DEG C, and fermentation time 30-45h carried out tunning Filter is squeezed until moisture content is that 35-45% obtains biogas residue；
2) raw material mixes: the mixing of biogas residue, bentonite, humic acid and rice-straw ash being put into blender and is mixed well, then Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extractive liquid is added and brown sugar is mixed thoroughly, it is spare to obtain mixed fertilizer；
3) probiotics is inoculated with: by mixed fertilizer at 20-30 DEG C, being laid on fermentation platform, then by probiotics fermention Agent is uniformly sprinkled into mixed fertilizer, and during which constantly turning comes into full contact with probiotics leaven with raw material；
4) decomposed fermentation: it is 5-6m × 2-4m × 1-1.4m hair that the mixed fertilizer after inoculation, which is piled into length × width × height, Ferment heap is 28-36 DEG C in temperature, and heap fermentation 2-3 months, are turned over during fermentation in the environment of air humidity humidity is 25-30% Decomposed manure can be obtained in heap 2-4 times.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. the present invention is different from general planting, carries out site preparation first before planting and disappear to plot application disinfectant powder Poison, the disinfectant powder is by calcium oxide, garlic oil, Penicillium notatum, Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract, carbon silicon powder, straw ash and liquid phosphate solubilizing microorganism bacterium Agent composition, each raw material are used in combination, and most of germ in soil can be killed, in addition to active ingredient itself can be killed Pathogenic microorganisms plays the role of outside antivirus, the later period turned over by soil bury, stack retting the effects of can also be decomposed into organic matter, will not The step of polluting the environment, cooperating being exposed to the sun after Soil tillage, can sufficiently kill the germ in soil；It is watering It is well growing environment that covering mulch, which is the probiotics offer matched in Hefei for the farmers' being sprinkled into the later period, later, makes quick shape At population advantage, the growth of harmful bacteria is reduced, the organic matter in soil can be increased by then burning straw on surface, and further Soil is sterilized, plot is rectified, the defect phenomenon of the coptis is reduced to the greatest extent from growing environment, also protects Lasting fertilizer efficiency is demonstrate,proved.
2. the present invention prior to seeding first pre-processes coptis seed, can be killed by the immersion of light salt brine first Most of bacterium in the surface of the seed and a small amount of inside, it is often more important that kind of a chrotoplast wall can be softened, accelerate nutrition and water The infiltration divided promotes seed to sprout, it is also possible that subsequent bactericidal liquid can more preferably penetrate into wherein, bactericidal liquid of the invention is to adopt With Zhu Jin, gleditsia sinensis, erythrina bark, numb chinaberry, the flower bud of lily magnolia, dragon-boat flower, cordate houttuynia, scutellaria composition, Each performs its own functions for each ingredient, to all kinds of germs There is stronger inhibitory activity, the germ of seed carrying can be killed, substantially reduce illness rate.
3. during seedling early growth, the management of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out to seedling by the present invention, killed first using potent Microbial inoculum carries out the killing that there are the germs such as pest, mite in root, then sprays insect prevention liquid, and aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution is cooperated to use, mistake Hydrogen oxide, which decomposes, generates oxygen and water, and discharges heat, so that the temperature in soil increases, achievees the effect that disinfection, and due to In conjunction with insect prevention liquid of the invention, the damage of coptis root root not will cause at such a temperature, prevent infecting again for disinfect pathogen, Insect prevention liquid is largely made of natural raw material, can also improve fertilizer efficiency in the Fertilizer combination in soil after application.
4. the present invention in fertilizer, applies having containing elements such as organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium first before sowing coptis seed Machine fertilizer serves not only as the good source of manure, and is also good soil conditioner；In coptis growth course, using decomposed Organic fertilizer carries out top dressing, is applicant's self-prepared organic fertilizer, and organic fertilizer nutrient after decomposed is abundant, fertilizer efficiency is high, the organic fertilizer Any harmful substance is not added from formula to production process, each raw material cooperates, and assists the ratio of soil air and water It adjusts, makes loosing soil, increase water conservation, heat preservation, ventilative, fertilizer conservation ability, promote coptis chinensis health Fast Growth, and do not make to soil At any harm, wherein shrubby sophora extract is added in organic fertilizer, it can be true in the root system tissue to the coptis and root soil Bacterium, bacterium, virus and insect pest give killing effect, can prevent and treat a variety of germs and pest in coptis growth；The biogas residue of addition It is to be obtained after carrying out processing by using animal wastes, process uses tea extract to carry out animal wastes first It impregnates, it can be with NH containing stronger activity OH- rich in tea polyphenols in tealeaves3Neutralization, condensation reaction, Neng Gouyou occur for molecule Effect reduces the ammonia bring peculiar smell generated in fertilizer by fermentation materials such as excrement, and caffeine, carbon are also contained in tea extract The substances such as hydrate can prevent air pollution with the odorous substance in adsorption fertilizer, pass through a series of biogas residues fermented and obtained Nutrient is abundant, fertilizer efficiency is high, has positive facilitation to the growth of the coptis.
[specific embodiment]
The following examples can help those skilled in the art that the present invention is more fully understood, but cannot be with any Mode limits the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of implantation methods of coptis, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) planting site pre-processes: deep plough to planting site and cultivate entirely, dig out the sundries such as stone, branch, the soil layer of ploughing and weeding is deep Degree is 15cm；Apply disinfectant powder into planting site according to 78kg/ mus of applied amount later, disinfectant powder by following parts by weight raw material Composition: 10 parts of calcium oxide, 4 parts of garlic oil, 6 parts of Penicillium notatum, 5 parts of Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract, 4 parts of carbon silicon powder, 5 parts of straw ash and liquid solution 1 part of phosphorus microbial bacterial agent；It waters according to 28kg/ mus of irrigation amount into planting site, mulch is then covered into planting site, cover Mulch is opened after 20d, surface burn straw by plant ground surface soil smoke into black, then by silkworm excrement, fertile soil, Chicken dung and Sandy loam is uniformly laid on plantation ground surface after mixing according to the ratio that mass ratio is 1:2:2:5；
(2) Seeds preprocess: selecting qualified coptis seed, is placed in the salt water that concentration is 13% and impregnates 10 minutes, takes It is placed in 0.2% amitriptyline solution and impregnates 30 minutes out, taking-up drains away the water, and is then mixed into equal in seed weight Fine sand, the fine sand are that the sand of 60 meshes is crossed and passed through in frying in frying pan, are uniformly mixed and are placed in the drying that temperature is 40 DEG C In case, being dried to surface moisture is 26%；Then the bactericidal liquid that mass fraction is 6% is added into the seed after drying, mixing is equal It is even to be placed on vernalization 18 hours in germinating box, coptis seed can be obtained；Wherein, bactericidal liquid by following parts by weight raw material system At: 10 parts of Zhu Jin, 10 parts of gleditsia sinensis, 8 parts of erythrina bark, numb 8 parts of chinaberry, 5 parts of the flower bud of lily magnolia, dragon-boat spend 5 parts, 3 parts of cordate houttuynia, 15 parts of scutellaria and Appropriate amount of water；Bactericidal liquid obtains by the following method: the raw material for forming bactericidal liquid being crushed, sterilization powder is obtained, in sterilization powder The middle water that all 6 times of raw material gross weight amounts are added, is uniformly mixed, freezes 20 hours, heats infusion to volume is original 1/3, The alcoholic solution that the volume fraction of 45 times of raw material gross weight amounts is 78% is added, in 41kHz ultrasound 50 minutes, it was heavy to be filtered to remove It forms sediment, bactericidal liquid can be obtained；
(3) it sows: coptis seed after treatment is conventionally sowed；Landfill seed used in soil be by River silt, loess, peat soil, decomposed manure and rice bran are mixed to prepare according to the ratio that mass ratio is 3:1:0.5:1:1；
(4) field management: including the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, top dressing, the work for extracing flower tongue, watering, weeding with a hoe；Disease therein Pest control are as follows: after coptis height of seedling 5cm, it is primary to carry out following insect-prevention treatment every 1 week: first in root lime sulfur Or it is spraying with the clear 500 times of liquid in 29% orchard, insect prevention liquid is then sprayed on soil near coptis seedling root, then in same location Apply aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, the dosage of aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution therein is the 30% of insect prevention liquid quality, insect prevention liquid be by with The raw material of lower parts by weight forms: 6 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 5 parts of cotton rose, 4 parts of delavay pararuellia herb, 3 parts of Gynura bicolor, chelating 1 part of potassium, chelated iron 2 Part, 0.5 part of Chelated Manganese and appropriate amount of water；Top dressing are as follows: after planting First Year, concrete mode are as follows: from plant primary every top dressing in 15 days The dressing furrow that 1 6cm depth is dug at strain 18cm applies 200kg decomposed manure per acre, and biogas slurry and water is monthly being used to press 1:8 times of liquid It is primary to mix progress foliage-spray；Sow second year after, it is primary every top dressing in 20 days, apply per acre 200kg decomposed manure with 2.5kg urea, other fertilization modes are identical as First Year；Above-mentioned decomposed manure is made of the raw material of following parts by weight: biogas residue 12 parts, 3 parts of humic acid, 8 parts of bentonite, 6 parts of rice-straw ash, 2 parts of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extractive liquid, 3-8 parts of brown sugar and 4 parts of probiotics leaven； Decomposed manure obtains by the following method: 1) preparing biogas residue: animal wastes being put into collection cesspool, and 2 times of weight are added Part tea extract excrement is impregnated, when immersion a length of 12h, acid-base modifier is added, adjusting pH value is 6；Then turn Acid-base modifier is added in the microbial inoculum for entering microbial pretreatment pond and being added after activation, adjusts pH value and is pre-processed for 5 Mix excrement；The additive amount of the microbial inoculum is the 1/1200 of pretreatment mixing faecal volume；At pretreatment mixing excrement It is transferred to ferment biomass pool after the completion of reason to ferment, fermentation temperature is 29 DEG C, and fermentation time 30h carried out tunning Filter is squeezed until moisture content obtains biogas residue for 35%；2) raw material mixes: biogas residue, bentonite, humic acid and rice-straw ash are mixed It is put into blender and mixes well, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extractive liquid then is added and brown sugar is mixed thoroughly, it is spare to obtain mixed fertilizer；3) probiotics connects Kind: it by mixed fertilizer at 20 DEG C, is laid on fermentation platform, is then uniformly sprinkled into probiotics leaven in mixed fertilizer, Period, which constantly turns, comes into full contact with probiotics leaven with raw material；4) decomposed fermentation: the mixed fertilizer after inoculation is piled into Length × width × height is 5m × 2m × 1m fermentation heap, is 28 DEG C in temperature, air humidity humidity is accumulated in the environment of being 25-30% Fermentation 2 months, turning 2 times, can be obtained decomposed manure during fermentation.Extracing flower tongue is plucked in time when there is flower tongue every year It removes, to reduce the consumption of nutriment, promotes the growth and development of under ground portion；It waters, weed with a hoe are as follows: when dry or summer It is appropriate to increase irrigation times, humidity 55% is kept, carries out every month weeding with a hoe primary, digs knotts clay after weeds are pulled out Pine creates good conditions for the rhizomatous growth and development of the coptis.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of implantation methods of coptis, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) planting site pre-processes: deep plough to planting site and cultivate entirely, dig out the sundries such as stone, branch, the soil layer of ploughing and weeding is deep Degree is 17cm；Apply disinfectant powder into planting site according to 84kg/ mus of applied amount later, disinfectant powder by following parts by weight raw material Composition: 15 parts of calcium oxide, 7 parts of garlic oil, 9 parts of Penicillium notatum, 7 parts of Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract, 7 parts of carbon silicon powder, 9 parts of straw ash and liquid solution 1 part of phosphorus microbial bacterial agent；It waters according to 30kg/ mus of irrigation amount into planting site, mulch is then covered into planting site, cover Mulch is opened after 25d, surface burn straw by plant ground surface soil smoke into black, then by silkworm excrement, fertile soil, Chicken dung and Sandy loam is uniformly laid on plantation ground surface after mixing according to the ratio that mass ratio is 2:2:2:7；
(2) Seeds preprocess: selecting qualified coptis seed, is placed in the salt water that concentration is 15% and impregnates 15 minutes, takes It is placed in 0.25% amitriptyline solution and impregnates 38 minutes out, taking-up drains away the water, and is then mixed into equal in seed weight Fine sand, the fine sand is that the sand of 70 meshes is crossed and pass through in frying in frying pan, is uniformly mixed and is placed in temperature as 42 DEG C of baking In dry case, being dried to surface moisture is 27%；Then the bactericidal liquid that mass fraction is 7%, mixing are added into the seed after drying Vernalization 21 hours in germinating box uniformly are placed on, coptis seed can be obtained；Wherein, bactericidal liquid by following parts by weight raw material system At: 15 parts of Zhu Jin, 15 parts of gleditsia sinensis, 12 parts of erythrina bark, numb 12 parts of chinaberry, 7 parts of the flower bud of lily magnolia, dragon-boat spend 7 parts, 6 parts of cordate houttuynia, 20 parts of scutellaria And appropriate amount of water；Bactericidal liquid obtains by the following method: the raw material for forming bactericidal liquid being crushed, sterilization powder is obtained, is sterilizing The water of 7 times of all raw material gross weights amounts is added in powder, is uniformly mixed, freezes 20 hours, heating infusion to volume is original 1/ 3, the alcoholic solution that the volume fraction of 50 times of raw material gross weight amounts is 79% is added, in 42kHz ultrasound 52 minutes, it was heavy to be filtered to remove It forms sediment, bactericidal liquid can be obtained；
(3) it sows: coptis seed after treatment is conventionally sowed；Landfill seed used in soil be by River silt, loess, peat soil, decomposed manure and rice bran are mixed to prepare according to the ratio that mass ratio is 4:1:1:1:1；
(4) field management: including the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, top dressing, the work for extracing flower tongue, watering, weeding with a hoe；Disease therein Pest control are as follows: after coptis height of seedling 7cm, it is primary to carry out following insect-prevention treatment every 2 weeks: first in root lime sulfur Or it is spraying with the clear 500 times of liquid in 29% orchard, insect prevention liquid is then sprayed on soil near coptis seedling root, then in same location Apply aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, the dosage of aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution therein is the 32% of insect prevention liquid quality, insect prevention liquid be by with The raw material of lower parts by weight forms: 9 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 7 parts of cotton rose, 7 parts of delavay pararuellia herb, 6 parts of Gynura bicolor, chelating 2 parts of potassium, chelated iron 2 Part, 1 part of Chelated Manganese and appropriate amount of water；Top dressing are as follows: after planting First Year, concrete mode are as follows: from plant primary every top dressing in 20 days The dressing furrow that 1 7cm depth is dug at 21cm applies 250kg decomposed manure per acre, and is monthly using biogas slurry and water mixed by 1:9 times of liquid Even progress foliage-spray is primary；It is primary every top dressing in 25 days after sowing second year, 250kg decomposed manure and 3kg are applied per acre Urea, other fertilization modes are identical as First Year；Above-mentioned decomposed manure is made of the raw material of following parts by weight: 16 parts of biogas residue, 6 parts of humic acid, 12 parts of bentonite, 9 parts of rice-straw ash, 4 parts of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extractive liquid, 6 parts of brown sugar and 5 parts of probiotics leaven；It is decomposed to have Machine fertilizer obtains by the following method: 1) preparing biogas residue: animal wastes being put into collection cesspool, and 2.5 times of parts by weight are added Tea extract impregnates excrement, when immersion a length of 16h, acid-base modifier is added, adjusting pH value is 7；Then it is transferred to micro- Biological Pretreatment pond and the microbial inoculum being added after activation, are added acid-base modifier, adjust pH value as 6 and obtain pretreatment mixing Excrement；The additive amount of the microbial inoculum is the 1/1000 of pretreatment mixing faecal volume；Pretreatment mixing night soil-treatment is complete It is transferred to ferment biomass pool after to ferment, fermentation temperature is 32 DEG C, and tunning is filtered, presses by fermentation time 38h It squeezes until moisture content obtains biogas residue for 40%；2) raw material mixes: biogas residue, bentonite, humic acid and rice-straw ash being mixed and are put into It is mixed well in blender, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extractive liquid then is added and brown sugar is mixed thoroughly, it is spare to obtain mixed fertilizer；3) probiotics is inoculated with: It by mixed fertilizer at 25 DEG C, is laid on fermentation platform, is then uniformly sprinkled into probiotics leaven in mixed fertilizer, during which Constantly turning comes into full contact with probiotics leaven with raw material；4) decomposed fermentation: by after inoculation mixed fertilizer accumulation growth × The fermentation heap of wide × a height of 5.5m × 3m × 1.2m is 32 DEG C in temperature, and air humidity humidity accumulates hair in the environment of being 27% Ferment 2 months, turning 3 times, can be obtained decomposed manure during fermentation.Extracing flower tongue is plucked in time when there is flower tongue every year It removes, to reduce the consumption of nutriment, promotes the growth and development of under ground portion；It waters, weed with a hoe are as follows: when dry or summer It is appropriate to increase irrigation times, humidity 62% is kept, carries out every month weeding with a hoe primary, digs knotts clay after weeds are pulled out Pine creates good conditions for the rhizomatous growth and development of the coptis.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of implantation methods of coptis, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) planting site pre-processes: deep plough to planting site and cultivate entirely, dig out the sundries such as stone, branch, the soil layer of ploughing and weeding is deep Degree is 20cm；Apply disinfectant powder into planting site according to 90kg/ mus of applied amount later, disinfectant powder by following parts by weight raw material Composition: 20 parts of calcium oxide, 9 parts of garlic oil, 12 parts of Penicillium notatum, 10 parts of Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract, 9 parts of carbon silicon powder, 12 parts of straw ash and liquid 2 parts of body phosphate solubilizing microorganism microbial inoculum；It waters according to 32kg/ mus of irrigation amount into planting site, mulch is then covered into planting site, Mulch is opened after covering 30d, straw is burnt on surface and smokes into black for ground surface soil is planted, then by silkworm excrement, fertile soil, decomposed chicken Excrement and sandy loam are uniformly laid on plantation ground surface after mixing according to the ratio that mass ratio is 2:3:2:8；
(2) Seeds preprocess: selecting qualified coptis seed, is placed in the salt water that concentration is 18% and impregnates 20 minutes, takes It is placed in 0.3% amitriptyline solution and impregnates 45 minutes out, taking-up drains away the water, and is then mixed into equal in seed weight Fine sand, the fine sand are that the sand of 80 meshes is crossed and passed through in frying in frying pan, are uniformly mixed and are placed in the drying that temperature is 45 DEG C In case, being dried to surface moisture is 29%；Then the bactericidal liquid that mass fraction is 9% is added into the seed after drying, mixing is equal It is even to be placed on vernalization 25 hours in germinating box, coptis seed can be obtained；Wherein, bactericidal liquid by following parts by weight raw material system At: 20 parts of Zhu Jin, 20 parts of gleditsia sinensis, 16 parts of erythrina bark, numb 16 parts of chinaberry, 10 parts of the flower bud of lily magnolia, dragon-boat spend 10 parts, 8 parts of cordate houttuynia, scutellaria 25 Part and appropriate amount of water；Bactericidal liquid obtains by the following method: the raw material for forming bactericidal liquid being crushed, sterilization powder is obtained, is killing The water of 8 times of all raw material gross weights amounts is added in bacterium powder, is uniformly mixed, freezes 21 hours, heating infusion to volume is original 1/3, the alcoholic solution that the volume fraction of 58 times of raw material gross weight amounts is 81% is added, in 43kHz ultrasound 55 minutes, is filtered to remove Precipitating, can be obtained bactericidal liquid；
(3) it sows: coptis seed after treatment is conventionally sowed；Landfill seed used in soil be by River silt, loess, peat soil, decomposed manure and rice bran are mixed to prepare according to the ratio that mass ratio is 5:2:1.5:2:1；
(4) field management: including the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, top dressing, the work for extracing flower tongue, watering, weeding with a hoe；Disease therein Pest control are as follows: after coptis height of seedling 9cm, it is primary to carry out following insect-prevention treatment every 2 weeks: first in root lime sulfur Or it is spraying with the clear 500 times of liquid in 29% orchard, insect prevention liquid is then sprayed on soil near coptis seedling root, then in same location Apply aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, the dosage of aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution therein is the 35% of insect prevention liquid quality, insect prevention liquid be by with The raw material of lower parts by weight forms: 12 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 10 parts of cotton rose, 9 parts of delavay pararuellia herb, 8 parts of Gynura bicolor, chelating 2 parts of potassium, chelated iron 3 parts, 1.5 parts of Chelated Manganese and appropriate amount of water；Top dressing are as follows: after planting First Year, concrete mode primary every top dressing in 25 days are as follows: from The dressing furrow that 1 8cm depth is dug at plant 24cm applies 300kg decomposed manure per acre, and biogas slurry and water is monthly being used to press 1:10 times It is primary that liquid mixes progress foliage-spray；It is primary every top dressing in 30 days after sowing second year, 300kg decomposed manure is applied per acre With 3.5kg urea, other fertilization modes are identical as First Year；Above-mentioned decomposed manure is made of the raw material of following parts by weight: natural pond 20 parts of slag, 8 parts of humic acid, 16 parts of bentonite, 12 parts of rice-straw ash, 6 parts of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extractive liquid, 8 parts of brown sugar and probiotics leaven 6 Part；Decomposed manure obtains by the following method: 1) preparing biogas residue: animal wastes being put into collection cesspool, and 3 times of weights are added The tea extract of amount part impregnates excrement, when immersion a length of 18h, acid-base modifier is added, adjusting pH value is 8；Then Acid-base modifier is added in the microbial inoculum for being transferred to microbial pretreatment pond and being added after activation, adjusts pH value as 7 and obtains pre- place Reason mixing excrement；The additive amount of the microbial inoculum is the 1/900 of pretreatment mixing faecal volume；At pretreatment mixing excrement It is transferred to ferment biomass pool after the completion of reason to ferment, fermentation temperature is 35 DEG C, and fermentation time 45h carried out tunning Filter is squeezed until moisture content obtains biogas residue for 45%；2) raw material mixes: biogas residue, bentonite, humic acid and rice-straw ash are mixed It is put into blender and mixes well, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extractive liquid then is added and brown sugar is mixed thoroughly, it is spare to obtain mixed fertilizer；3) probiotics connects Kind: it by mixed fertilizer at 30 DEG C, is laid on fermentation platform, is then uniformly sprinkled into probiotics leaven in mixed fertilizer, Period, which constantly turns, comes into full contact with probiotics leaven with raw material；4) decomposed fermentation: the mixed fertilizer after inoculation is piled into Length × width × height is 6m × 4m × 1.4m fermentation heap, is 36 DEG C in temperature, air humidity humidity is accumulated in the environment of being 30% Fermentation 3 months, turning 4 times, can be obtained decomposed manure during fermentation.Extracing flower tongue is plucked in time when there is flower tongue every year It removes, to reduce the consumption of nutriment, promotes the growth and development of under ground portion；It waters, weed with a hoe are as follows: when dry or summer It is appropriate to increase irrigation times, humidity 70% is kept, carries out within every 2 months weeding with a hoe primary, digs knotts clay after weeds are pulled out Pine creates good conditions for the rhizomatous growth and development of the coptis.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is identical with the implantation methods of embodiment 2, but is located in advance without using disinfectant powder to planting site Reason, other methods are identical with embodiment 2.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is identical with the implantation methods of embodiment 2, but does not add during to coptis Seeds preprocess Add bactericidal liquid, other methods are identical with embodiment 2.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is identical with the implantation methods of embodiment 2, but the decomposed manure used during top dressing Be changed to+10% humic acid of+15% biogas residue of+25% human and animal excreta of 50% corn flour temperature be 30 DEG C under conditions of stack retting 20 days after Obtained fertilizer, other methods are identical with embodiment 2.
Compliance test result
The practical value of implantation methods in order to further illustrate the present invention does following testing experiment:
Testing experiment one:
Experiment is completed in the Experimental Base of applicant, is planted, is seen according to the method for embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3 Examine coptis growing state.Concrete condition is shown in Table 1:
The growing state of 1 coptis of table
As seen from the above table: the coptis seedling growth quality of embodiment 1-3 is apparently higher than comparative example 1-3, illustrates disappearing for the application Malicious powder, decomposed manure, bactericidal liquid, the coptis implantation methods can effectively improve the growth ability of the coptis.
Testing experiment two:
Single factor experiment is carried out to bactericidal liquid, plantation plot is equally divided into following groups, in the way of table 2 Reason:
Table 2
After plot is carried out above-mentioned processing, from 5 months after sowing day, it is complete to count the survival rate of the coptis, germination percentage, blade Whether whole degree and measurement soil contain the harmful components for being unfavorable for crop growth.Concrete condition is shown in Table 3
Table 3
Group Survival rate (%) Germination percentage (%) Blade integrity degree (%) Harmful components in soil
Test group 1 61.82 67.78 81.24 Largely
Test group 2 83.32 86.41 89.89 On a small quantity
Test group 3 79.11 87.22 88.69 On a small quantity
Test group 4 81.52 89.35 91.32 On a small quantity
Test group 5 82.33 88.32 92.63 On a small quantity
Test group 6 81.58 86.51 92.28 On a small quantity
Test group 7 79.24 85.25 89.25 On a small quantity
Test group 8 77.41 84.52 87.32 On a small quantity
Test group 9 79.36 86.59 88.90 On a small quantity
Control group 98.25 99.21 99.61 Nothing
As seen from the above table, the survival rate of test group 1-9, germination percentage, blade integrity degree are all significantly lower than control group, and test Group 1-9 has found harmful components in the soil, illustrates that disinfectant powder used in this application can carry out adequately disinfected sterilizing to soil, It still plays a role after planting a period of time, in addition significantly improves survival rate, the germination percentage of coptis seedling, and ensured seedling Blade integrity degree.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause This, these modifications or improvements, fall within the scope of the claimed invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of implantation methods of the coptis, which comprises the following steps:
(1) planting site pre-processes: deep plough to planting site and cultivate entirely, dig out the sundries such as stone, branch, the soil depth of ploughing and weeding is 15-20cm；Disinfectant powder is applied into planting site according to 78-90kg/ mus of applied amount later, according to 28-32kg/ mus of irrigation amount It waters into planting site, mulch is then covered into planting site, open mulch after covering 20-30d, burning straw on surface will plant Ground surface soil smokes into black, is then 1-2:2-3:2:5-8 according to mass ratio by silkworm excrement, fertile soil, Chicken dung and sandy loam Ratio mixing after be uniformly laid on plantation ground surface；
(2) Seeds preprocess: selecting qualified coptis seed, is placed in the salt water that concentration is 13-18% and impregnates 10-20 minutes, Taking-up, which is placed in the amitriptyline solution of 0.2-0.3%, impregnates 30-45 minutes, and taking-up drains away the water, and is then mixed into seed Equiponderant fine sand, the fine sand are that the sand of 60-80 mesh is crossed and passed through in frying in frying pan, are uniformly mixed and are placed in temperature It is 26-29% in 40-45 DEG C of drying box, to be dried to surface moisture；Then mass fraction is added into the seed after drying is The bactericidal liquid of 6-9% is uniformly mixed and is placed in germinating box vernalization 18-25 hours, coptis seed can be obtained；The bactericidal liquid It is made of raw material from the following weight: 10-20 parts of Zhu Jin, 10-20 parts of gleditsia sinensis, 8-16 parts of erythrina bark, numb 8-16 parts of chinaberry, flower bud of lily magnolia 5- 10 parts, 5-10 parts of dragon-boat flower, 3-8 parts of cordate houttuynia, 15-25 parts of scutellaria and appropriate amount of water；
(3) it sows: coptis seed after treatment is conventionally sowed；Filling soil used in seed is by river Mud, loess, peat soil, decomposed manure and rice bran mix system according to the ratio that mass ratio is 3-5:1-2:0.5-1.5:1-2:1 ?；
(4) field management: including the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, top dressing, the work for extracing flower tongue, watering, weeding with a hoe.
2. a kind of implantation methods of coptis according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the disinfectant powder in the step (1) It is made of the raw material of following parts by weight: 10-20 parts of calcium oxide, 4-9 parts of garlic oil, 6-12 parts of Penicillium notatum, Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract 5-10 Part, 4-9 parts of carbon silicon powder, 5-12 parts of straw ash and 1-2 parts of liquid phosphate solubilizing microorganism microbial inoculum.
3. a kind of implantation methods of coptis according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bactericidal liquid in the step (2) Be made of raw material from the following weight: 15 parts of Zhu Jin, 15 parts of gleditsia sinensis, 12 parts of erythrina bark, numb 12 parts of chinaberry, 7 parts of the flower bud of lily magnolia, dragon-boat spend 7 Part, 6 parts of cordate houttuynia, 20 parts of scutellaria and appropriate amount of water.
4. according to claim 1 or a kind of 3 described in any item implantation methods of the coptis, which is characterized in that in the step (2) Bactericidal liquid obtain by the following method: will form bactericidal liquid raw material crush, obtain sterilization powder, sterilization powder in be added The water that 6-8 times of all raw material gross weights are measured is uniformly mixed, and is freezed 20-21 hours, and heating infusion to volume is 1/3 originally, is added Enter the alcoholic solution that volume fraction that 45-58 times of raw material gross weight is measured is 78-81%, in 41-43kHz ultrasound 50-55 minutes, mistake It filters out and precipitates, bactericidal liquid can be obtained.
5. a kind of implantation methods of coptis according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pest and disease damage in the step (4) Prevention and treatment are as follows: after coptis height of seedling 5-9cm, it is primary to carry out following insect-prevention treatment every 1-2 weeks: first in root lime sulfur Or it is spraying with the clear 500 times of liquid in 29% orchard, insect prevention liquid is then sprayed on soil near coptis seedling root, then in same location Apply aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, the dosage of aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution therein is the 30-35% of insect prevention liquid quality, insect prevention liquid be by The raw material of following parts by weight forms: 6-12 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 5-10 parts of cotton rose, 4-9 parts of delavay pararuellia herb, 3-8 parts of Gynura bicolor, chelating potassium 1-2 parts, 2-3 parts of chelated iron, 0.5-1.5 parts of Chelated Manganese and appropriate amount of water.
6. a kind of implantation methods of coptis according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the top dressing in the step (4) are as follows: After planting First Year, concrete mode primary every top dressing in 15-25 days are as follows: applied from 1 6-8cm of digging is deep at plant 18-24cm Fertile ditch applies 200-300kg decomposed manure per acre, and is monthly carrying out foliage-spray by 1:8-10 times of liquid mixing with biogas slurry and water Once；It is primary every top dressing in 20-30 days after sowing second year, 200-300kg decomposed manure and 2.5-3.5kg are applied per acre Urea, other fertilization modes are identical as First Year.
7. a kind of implantation methods of coptis according to claim 1, which is characterized in that extract flower tongue in the step (4) It is to be extractd in time when there is flower tongue every year, to reduce the consumption of nutriment, promotes the growth and development of under ground portion.
8. a kind of implantation methods of coptis according to claim 1, which is characterized in that water, loosen the soil in the step (4) Weeding are as follows: suitably increase irrigation times when dry or summer, keep humidity 55-70%, loosen the soil removing for every 1-2 months It is careless primary, knotts clay is dug into pine after weeds are pulled out, is created good conditions for the rhizomatous growth and development of the coptis.
9. according to claim 1 or a kind of 6 described in any item implantation methods of the coptis, which is characterized in that described decomposed organic Fertilizer is made of the raw material of following parts by weight: 12-20 parts of biogas residue, 3-8 parts of humic acid, 8-16 parts of bentonite, 6-12 parts of rice-straw ash, hardship Extracting solution 2-6 parts of ginseng, 3-8 parts of brown sugar and 4-6 parts of probiotics leaven.
10. a kind of implantation methods of coptis according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the decomposed manure by with Lower method obtains:
1) prepare biogas residue: animal wastes be put into collection cesspool, and be added the tea extract of 2-3 times of parts by weight to excrement into Row impregnates, when immersion a length of 12-18h, acid-base modifier is added, adjustings pH value is 6-8；Then it is transferred to microbial pretreatment pond simultaneously Acid-base modifier is added in microbial inoculum after activation is added, and adjusting pH value is that 5-7 obtains pretreatment mixing excrement；It is described micro- The additive amount of biological bacterium solution is the 1/900-1/1200 of pretreatment mixing faecal volume；Turn after the completion of pretreatment mixing night soil-treatment Enter ferment biomass pool to ferment, fermentation temperature is 29-35 DEG C, and tunning is filtered, presses by fermentation time 30-45h It squeezes until moisture content is that 35-45% obtains biogas residue；
2) raw material mixes: the mixing of biogas residue, bentonite, humic acid and rice-straw ash being put into blender and is mixed well, is then added Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extractive liquid and brown sugar are mixed thoroughly, and it is spare to obtain mixed fertilizer；
3) probiotics is inoculated with: by mixed fertilizer at 20-30 DEG C, it is laid on fermentation platform, it is then that probiotics leaven is equal Even to be sprinkled into mixed fertilizer, during which constantly turning comes into full contact with probiotics leaven with raw material；
4) decomposed fermentation: it is 5-6m × 2-4m × 1-1.4m fermentation that the mixed fertilizer after inoculation, which is piled into length × width × height, Heap is 28-36 DEG C in temperature, heap fermentation 2-3 months, turning during fermentation in the environment of air humidity humidity is 25-30% 2-4 times, decomposed manure can be obtained.
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