CN109105159A - A kind of preparation method of winter sweet-smelling grass strain - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of winter sweet-smelling grass strain Download PDFInfo
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- CN109105159A CN109105159A CN201810924487.0A CN201810924487A CN109105159A CN 109105159 A CN109105159 A CN 109105159A CN 201810924487 A CN201810924487 A CN 201810924487A CN 109105159 A CN109105159 A CN 109105159A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
Abstract
The present invention relates to edible mushroom technical field more particularly to a kind of preparation methods of winter sweet-smelling grass strain.The present invention adds the fermentation that substrate fermentation microbial inoculum carries out raw material in original seed and cultivar culture material, pedigree seed culture medium uses short-term sterilization after fermentation, aseptic condition inoculation, Cultivar culture medium is using short-term sterilization or exempts from sterilization method, it is inoculated under the conditions of open environment, and the management of later period bacteria, core are that the fermentation process of matrix, original seed, cultivar yield rate can reach 95-99%.Method simple possible of the invention, it is easily operated, sterilizing bring energy consumption can be reduced, pollution rate is effectively reduced, reduces labor intensity, improves mycelial growth rate, shortens the strain production cycle, improves original seed, cultivar yield rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to edible mushroom technical field, especially a kind of preparation method of winter sweet-smelling grass strain.
Background technique
Winter sweet-smelling grass is the general designation of a kind of edible Phallus fungi, mainly including Phallus impudicus, fragrant Phallus, dicrotism Phallus etc., again
Bacterium, bamboo bacterium referred to as under bamboo, without skirt sweet-smelling grass, belong to Phallales (Phallales), Phallaceae (Phallaceae), Phallus
(Phallus).Phallus impudicus delicious flavour, mouthfeel is crisp, and has high nutritive value.According to " national Chinese herbal medicine compilation " and
Recorded in " China book on Chinese herbal medicine ", winter sweet-smelling grass stem, volva and fructification can be used as medicine, pharmacological property be it is sweet, light, warm, have promoting blood circulation and stopping pain, wind-dispelling
The effect of dehumidifying, can be used for treating the diseases such as rheumatalgia, while also have anticancer activity.
With everybody understanding and understanding to winter sweet-smelling grass, product consumption is gradually increased, and cultivated area also expands therewith, because
This, strain becomes the principal element for restricting the industry development of winter sweet-smelling grass.Strain production, sterilization are keys, and high steam can be used
Sterilizing and atmospheric steam sterilizing two ways, high pressure steam sterilization equipment investment and energy pin consumption are big；Atmospheric steam sterilizing, sterilizing
Time is long, and human cost is high, and pollution rate is big.
It is directed to winter sweet-smelling grass strain, the strain producer is agricultural cooperative society, small business, minuscule-type-enterprise etc. mostly, using more
It is atmospheric steam sterilization method.To avoid temperature is excessively high from causing strain pollution rate high (especially Neurospora pollution), enterprise is usual
Carry out strain production in winter or temperature lower time, and by increasing sterilization time, adds the modes such as disinfectant to be promoted
Sterilization effect.On the one hand, strain pollution rate is high, leads to the wasting of resources, and cost of manufacture increases, and sterilization time is longer, energy consumption compared with
Greatly；On the other hand, medical disinfectant is largely used, often causes strain heavy metal or agriculture residual exceeded, causes strain not up to standard,
And strain is prepared at a lower temperature, mycelia slow growth, the production cycle is long, and bacterial activity is also affected.Therefore, improve bacterium
Kind production technology, effectively improves strain yield rate, is manufacturing enterprise's problem urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of preparation side of winter sweet-smelling grass strain
Method is achieved particular by following technical scheme.
A kind of preparation method of winter sweet-smelling grass strain, comprising the following steps:
(1) material prepares: selecting suitable culture medium prescription, and prepares material by formula；
(2) material is banked up: substrate fermentation microbial inoculum being added into ready material, adds water and stirs uniformly, until compost
Water content reaches 50-70%, then builds heap, the heap of building is: putting ventilative wooden case in selected place center, is fermentation process
The gas of middle generation provides emission quotas, after ventilative wooden case is well placed, stacks fermented material above it, windrow two sides are reserved saturating
The ventilation mouth at gas wooden case both ends, not cover, and after the completion of banking up, cover layer of plastic film to windrow surface, carry out to windrow
Heat and moisture preserving；
(3) substrate fermentation and turning: first 2-3 days after the completion of banking up, temperature was gradually increasing, and rose to 60-70 DEG C to temperature
When open the plastic film on windrow surface, use sunshade net or straw mattress covering instead, continue fermentation 10-15 days, then start turning, turn over
It carries out building heap while heap, the same step of method (2) after banking up, covers sunshade net or straw mattress, ferments 10-15 days, so turn over
Heap 2-3 times, until matrix softens, faint scent, no tart flavour；
(4) it inoculation place processing: carries out disinfection to inoculation place；
(5) it charges and is inoculated with: after substrate fermentation, when temperature is down to 20-25 DEG C, after matrix is dispensed, and to base
Strain is inoculated in matter, pedigree seed culture medium generallys use short-term sterilization, aseptic condition inoculation, and Cultivar culture medium generallys use in short-term
It sterilizes or exempts from sterilization method；
(6) bacteria management: inoculated strain and matrix are moved into bacteria-producing room bacterium germination, temperature is controlled at 20-26 DEG C, with 25
It is DEG C optimal, it keeps being protected from light during bacterium germination, shading treatment can be used, it is primary every turning in 10-15 days, and check pollution condition,
60-70 days are persistently cultivated to mycelia purseful, continues culture 15-20 days to mycelia densification, the preservation of immigration storage room to get.
The suitable culture medium prescription, is Medium for original variety, specifically contains sawdust 60-70%, corncob 15-
20%, wheat bran 10-17%, sucrose or glucose 1-2%, quick lime 1-2%.This formula is more suitble to winter sweet-smelling grass Primary spawn.
The suitable culture medium prescription is Cultivar culture medium formula, specifically contains sawdust 70-75%, sawdust 10-
15%, wheat bran 10-15%, quick lime 1-2%.This formula is more suitble to the cultivar culture of winter sweet-smelling grass.
The fermenting agent of the addition is ferment bacterium strain, and adding proportion is the 0.25-1% of raw material, i.e., raw material per ton
Add 2.5-1kg strain.
The ventilative case is rectangle or trapezoidal ventilative case, specifically one trapezoidal or rectangle support, surrounding covering stripe board, plate
Between stay the gap 1-2cm, one layer of sunshade net or gauze screen are being covered on plate, to prevent material from leaking into wooden case.
The rectangle is breathed freely case, which stacks length having a size of wide 30cm, high 10cm, length >=fermented material.
The trapezoidal ventilative case, the ventilative case is having a size of upper bottom width 30cm, lower bottom width 40cm, high 10cm, length >=fermentation
Placing of material length.
The step (2), stacks fermented material above it, stacks the wide 1.8-2m of fermented material, high 1-1.5m, length
≤ case length of breathing freely.The gas for making fermented material obtain sufficient ventilatory capacity, and generating in fermentation process can quickly be discharged.
The step (4) carries out disinfection to inoculation place, is that inoculation place is made to meet gnotobasis standard.Under this condition
Environment aseptic condition is preferable, is suitble to the inoculation of winter sweet-smelling grass original seed.
The step (4) carries out disinfection to inoculation place, is to maintain inoculation chamber inner space, wall, ceiling, ground
Neatly, completely, free from dust, and room is suitably sterilized using ultraviolet lamp, ozone generator, disinfectant etc..Under this condition
Environment aseptic condition is more general, but easy to operate, is more suitble to the inoculation of winter sweet-smelling grass cultivar.
Matrix being dispensed in the step (5), and strain is inoculated with into matrix, it comprises the concrete steps that: charging to glass bacterium
Kind bottle bottleneck, bottleneck reserve the space 2-3cm, are inserted into loop-carrier in culture medium, and bottleneck is sealed with tampon, normal-pressure sterilization 10-12h,
It is cooled to room temperature, culture medium is moved into inoculating hood, accesses parent species under gnotobasis.Original seed and its culture medium are suitable for inoculation of bottling
And culture.
Matrix being dispensed in the step (5), and strain is inoculated with into matrix, it comprises the concrete steps that: matrix is packed, fill
To energy tying, sack uses 17cm × 35cm or 17cm × 33cm specification, normal-pressure sterilization 8-10h after the completion of pack, wait train
Feeding base is cooled to room temperature, and is transferred in transfer room, by the way of punching inoculation, is accessed winter sweet-smelling grass original seed in open environment
In Cultivar culture medium, inoculum concentration 5-15% puts on strain lid after inoculation.Cultivar and its culture medium are suitable for pack or dress
Frame culture.
Matrix being dispensed in the step (5), and strain is inoculated with into matrix, it is to use plastic crate or the wooden basket, and select
It selects punching and layer connects two ways inoculation.The hole knockout inoculation, comprise the concrete steps that: frame bottom is laid with vinyon first
Film, is then laid with matrix, and thickness 15-25cm is punched on culture medium, pitch of holes 10-15cm, depth 10- using loop-carrier
20cm, the access winter sweet-smelling grass original seed in open environment, inoculum concentration 5-15%, after inoculation, surface plastic covering film thermal insulating
Moisturizing moves into bacteria room bacteria.The layer connects formula inoculation, comprises the concrete steps that: frame bottom is laid with plastic film first, then tiles
Winter sweet-smelling grass original seed is uniformly sprinkling upon compost surface in open environment kind by one layer of matrix, thickness 5-15cm, inoculum concentration 5-15%,
Again in the one layer of matrix that tiles, thickness 5-15cm, a little strain sealing, surface plastic covering film thermal insulating moisturizing, immigration are spread in surface
Bacteria room bacteria.Cultivar and its culture medium are suitable for pack or the culture that frames up.
Compared with prior art, the technical effect of the invention is embodied in:
The present invention adds the fermentation that substrate fermentation microbial inoculum carries out raw material in original seed and cultivar culture material, and fermentation is completed
Pedigree seed culture medium uses short-term sterilization afterwards, and aseptic condition inoculation, Cultivar culture medium is using short-term sterilization or exempts from sterilization method, opens
Put and be inoculated under environmental condition and the management of later period bacteria, core is the fermentation process of matrix, original seed, cultivar at
Product rate can reach 95-99%.Method simple possible of the invention, it is easily operated, sterilizing bring energy consumption can be reduced, effectively
Pollution rate is reduced, labor intensity is reduced, improves mycelial growth rate, shortens the strain production cycle, improves original seed, cultivar finished product
Rate.
Specific embodiment
It is limited below with reference to specific embodiment technical solution of the present invention is further, but claimed
Range is not only limited to made description.
Embodiment 1
(1) material prepares: weighing sawdust 65kg, corncob 17.5kg, wheat bran 14.5kg, sucrose 1.5kg, quick lime
1.5kg；
(2) material is banked up: substrate fermentation microbial inoculum being added into ready material, adds water and stirs uniformly, until compost
Water content reaches 60%, then builds heap, the heap of building is: putting ventilative wooden case in selected place center, ventilative wooden case is put
After good, fermented material, the wide 1.9m of fermented material, high 1.25m, length 5m, the reserved ventilative wood in windrow two sides are stacked above it
The ventilation mouth at case both ends not cover, and after the completion of banking up, cover layer of plastic film to windrow surface, the ventilative case is one
Rectangle support, surrounding cover stripe board, and the gap 1.5cm is stayed between plate, is covering one layer of sunshade net on plate, the ventilative case is having a size of width
30cm, high 10cm, length 5.5m；
(3) substrate fermentation and turning: first 2-3 days after the completion of banking up, temperature was gradually increasing, and was taken off when temperature rises to 65 DEG C
The plastic film on reactor startup material surface uses sunshade net covering instead, continues fermentation 12.5 days, then start turning, while turning into
Row builds heap, and the same step of method (2) after banking up, covers sunshade net, ferments 12.5 days, such turning 2 times, until matrix is soft
Change, faint scent, no tart flavour；
(4) inoculation place processing: carrying out disinfection to inoculation place, and inoculation place is made to meet gnotobasis standard；
(5) it charges and is inoculated with: after substrate fermentation, when temperature is down to 22.5 DEG C, matrix being dispensed, charging to glass
Seed bottle bottleneck, bottleneck reserve the space 2.5cm, are inserted into loop-carrier in culture medium, bottleneck is sealed with tampon, 100 DEG C of normal-pressure sterilizations
11h is cooled to room temperature, and culture medium is moved into inoculating hood, accesses parent species under gnotobasis；
(6) bacteria management: moving into bacteria-producing room bacterium germination for inoculated strain and matrix, and temperature control is at 23 DEG C, bacteria developing period
Between keep being protected from light, it is primary every turning in 12.5 days, and check pollution condition, persistently cultivate 65 days to mycelia purseful, continue to cultivate
17.5 days to mycelia densification, move into storage room save to get.
Embodiment 2
(1) material prepares: weighing sawdust 70kg, corncob 15kg, wheat bran 11kg, glucose 2kg, quick lime 2kg；
(2) material is banked up: substrate fermentation microbial inoculum being added into ready material, adds water and stirs uniformly, until compost
Water content reaches 50%, then builds heap, the heap of building is: putting ventilative wooden case in selected place center, ventilative wooden case is put
After good, fermented material, the wide 1.8m of fermented material, high 1m, length 3m, the reserved ventilative wooden case two in windrow two sides are stacked above it
The ventilation mouth at end not cover, and after the completion of banking up, cover layer of plastic film to windrow surface, the ventilative case is a rectangle
Bracket, surrounding cover stripe board, and the gap 1cm is stayed between plate, is covering one layer of sunshade net or gauze screen on plate, the ventilative case having a size of
Wide 30cm, high 10cm, length 3.5m；
(3) substrate fermentation and turning: first 2-3 days after the completion of banking up, temperature was gradually increasing, and was taken off when temperature rises to 60 DEG C
The plastic film on reactor startup material surface uses straw mattress covering instead, continues fermentation 10 days, then start turning, and turning while is built
Heap, the same step of method (2) after banking up, cover straw mattress, ferment 10 days, such turning 2 times, until matrix softens, faint scent,
Without tart flavour；
(4) inoculation place processing: carrying out disinfection to inoculation place, and inoculation place is made to meet gnotobasis standard；
(5) it charges and is inoculated with: after substrate fermentation, when temperature is down to 20 DEG C, matrix being dispensed, charging to glass bacterium
Kind bottle bottleneck, bottleneck reserve the space 2cm, are inserted into loop-carrier in culture medium, and bottleneck is sealed with tampon, 100 DEG C of normal-pressure sterilization 10h,
It is cooled to room temperature, culture medium is moved into inoculating hood, accesses parent species under gnotobasis；
(6) bacteria management: moving into bacteria-producing room bacterium germination for inoculated strain and matrix, and temperature control is at 20 DEG C, bacteria developing period
Between keep being protected from light, it is primary every turning in 10 days, and check pollution condition, persistently cultivate 60 days to mycelia purseful, continue culture 15
It to mycelia densification, move into storage room save to get.
Embodiment 3
(1) material prepares: weighing sawdust 61kg, corncob 20kg, wheat bran 17kg, sucrose 1kg, quick lime 1kg；
(2) material is banked up: substrate fermentation microbial inoculum being added into ready material, adds water and stirs uniformly, until compost
Water content reaches 70%, then builds heap, the heap of building is: putting ventilative wooden case in selected place center, ventilative wooden case is put
After good, fermented material, the wide 2m of fermented material, high 1.5m, length 10m, the reserved ventilative wooden case in windrow two sides are stacked above it
The ventilation mouth at both ends not cover, and after the completion of banking up, cover layer of plastic film to windrow surface, the ventilative case is a square
Shape bracket, surrounding cover stripe board, and the gap 2cm is stayed between plate, is covering one layer of gauze screen on plate, the ventilative case is having a size of width
30cm, high 10cm, length 10.5m；
(3) substrate fermentation and turning: first 2-3 days after the completion of banking up, temperature was gradually increasing, and was taken off when temperature rises to 70 DEG C
The plastic film on reactor startup material surface uses sunshade net covering instead, continues fermentation 15 days, then start turning, and turning while carries out
Heap is built, the same step of method (2) after banking up, covers sunshade net, ferments 15 days, such turning 3 times, until matrix softens, clearly
Perfume (or spice), no tart flavour；
(4) inoculation place processing: carrying out disinfection to inoculation place, and inoculation place is made to meet gnotobasis standard；
(5) it charges and is inoculated with: after substrate fermentation, when temperature is down to 25 DEG C, matrix being dispensed, charging to glass bacterium
Kind bottle bottleneck, bottleneck reserve the space 3cm, are inserted into loop-carrier in culture medium, and bottleneck is sealed with tampon, 100 DEG C of normal-pressure sterilization 12h,
It is cooled to room temperature, culture medium is moved into inoculating hood, accesses parent species under gnotobasis；
(6) bacteria management: moving into bacteria-producing room bacterium germination for inoculated strain and matrix, and temperature control is at 26 DEG C, bacteria developing period
Between keep being protected from light, it is primary every turning in 15 days, and check pollution condition, persistently cultivate 70 days to mycelia purseful, continue culture 20
It to mycelia densification, move into storage room save to get.
Embodiment 4
(1) material prepares: weighing sawdust 65kg, corncob 17.5kg, wheat bran 14.5kg, sucrose 1.5kg, quick lime
1.5kg；
(2) material is banked up: substrate fermentation microbial inoculum being added into ready material, adds water and stirs uniformly, until compost
Water content reaches 60%, then builds heap, the heap of building is: putting ventilative wooden case in selected place center, ventilative wooden case is put
After good, fermented material, the wide 1.9m of fermented material, high 1.25m, length 5m, the reserved ventilative wood in windrow two sides are stacked above it
The ventilation mouth at case both ends not cover, and after the completion of banking up, cover layer of plastic film to windrow surface, the ventilative case is one
Trapezoid support, surrounding cover stripe board, and the gap 1.5cm is stayed between plate, is covering one layer of sunshade net on plate, the ventilative case is having a size of upper
Bottom width 30cm, lower bottom width 40cm, high 10cm, length 5.5m；
(3) substrate fermentation and turning: first 2-3 days after the completion of banking up, temperature was gradually increasing, and was taken off when temperature rises to 65 DEG C
The plastic film on reactor startup material surface uses sunshade net covering instead, continues fermentation 12.5 days, then start turning, while turning into
Row builds heap, and the same step of method (2) after banking up, covers sunshade net, ferments 12.5 days, such turning 2 times, until matrix is soft
Change, faint scent, no tart flavour；
(4) inoculation place processing: carrying out disinfection to inoculation place, and inoculation place is made to meet gnotobasis standard；
(5) it charges and is inoculated with: after substrate fermentation, when temperature is down to 22.5 DEG C, matrix being dispensed, charging to glass
Seed bottle bottleneck, bottleneck reserve the space 2.5cm, are inserted into loop-carrier in culture medium, bottleneck is sealed with tampon, 100 DEG C of normal-pressure sterilizations
11h is cooled to room temperature, and culture medium is moved into inoculating hood, accesses parent species under gnotobasis；
(6) bacteria management: moving into bacteria-producing room bacterium germination for inoculated strain and matrix, and temperature control is at 23 DEG C, bacteria developing period
Between keep being protected from light, it is primary every turning in 12.5 days, and check pollution condition, persistently cultivate 65 days to mycelia purseful, continue to cultivate
17.5 days to mycelia densification, move into storage room save to get.
Embodiment 5
(1) material prepares: weighing sawdust 72.5kg, sawdust 12.5kg, wheat bran 13.5kg, quick lime 1.5kg；
(2) material is banked up: substrate fermentation microbial inoculum being added into ready material, adds water and stirs uniformly, until compost
Water content reaches 60%, then builds heap, the heap of building is: putting ventilative wooden case in selected place center, ventilative wooden case is put
After good, fermented material, the wide 1.9m of fermented material, high 1.25m, length 5m, the reserved ventilative wood in windrow two sides are stacked above it
The ventilation mouth at case both ends not cover, and after the completion of banking up, cover layer of plastic film to windrow surface, the ventilative case is one
Rectangle support, surrounding cover stripe board, and the gap 1.5cm is stayed between plate, is covering one layer of sunshade net on plate, the ventilative case is having a size of width
30cm, high 10cm, length 5.5m；
(3) substrate fermentation and turning: first 2-3 days after the completion of banking up, temperature was gradually increasing, and was taken off when temperature rises to 65 DEG C
The plastic film on reactor startup material surface uses sunshade net covering instead, continues fermentation 12.5 days, then start turning, while turning into
Row builds heap, and the same step of method (2) after banking up, covers sunshade net, ferments 12.5 days, such turning 2 times, until matrix is soft
Change, faint scent, no tart flavour；
(4) inoculation place processing: keeping inoculation chamber inner space, wall, ceiling, ground clean and tidy, clean, free from dust,
And room is suitably sterilized using ultraviolet lamp, ozone generator, disinfectant etc.；
(5) it charges and is inoculated with: after substrate fermentation, when temperature is down to 22.5 DEG C, matrix being packed, being filled to can tying
, sack is using 17cm × 35cm specification, 100 DEG C of normal-pressure sterilization 8h after the completion of pack, turns after culture medium is cooled to room temperature
It moves on in transfer room, by the way of punching inoculation, winter sweet-smelling grass original seed is accessed in Cultivar culture medium in open environment, is connect
Kind amount 10%, puts on strain lid after inoculation；
(6) bacteria management: moving into bacteria-producing room bacterium germination for inoculated strain and matrix, and temperature control is at 23 DEG C, bacteria developing period
Between keep being protected from light, it is primary every turning in 12.5 days, and check pollution condition, persistently cultivate 65 days to mycelia purseful, continue to cultivate
17.5 days to mycelia densification, move into storage room save to get.
Embodiment 6
(1) material prepares: weighing sawdust 72.5kg, sawdust 12.5kg, wheat bran 13.5kg, quick lime 1.5kg；
(2) material is banked up: substrate fermentation microbial inoculum being added into ready material, adds water and stirs uniformly, until compost
Water content reaches 60%, then builds heap, the heap of building is: putting ventilative wooden case in selected place center, ventilative wooden case is put
After good, fermented material, the wide 1.9m of fermented material, high 1.25m, length 5m, the reserved ventilative wood in windrow two sides are stacked above it
The ventilation mouth at case both ends not cover, and after the completion of banking up, cover layer of plastic film to windrow surface, the ventilative case is one
Rectangle support, surrounding cover stripe board, and the gap 1.5cm is stayed between plate, is covering one layer of sunshade net on plate, the ventilative case is having a size of width
30cm, high 10cm, length 5.5m；
(3) substrate fermentation and turning: first 2-3 days after the completion of banking up, temperature was gradually increasing, and was taken off when temperature rises to 65 DEG C
The plastic film on reactor startup material surface uses sunshade net covering instead, continues fermentation 12.5 days, then start turning, while turning into
Row builds heap, and the same step of method (2) after banking up, covers sunshade net, ferments 12.5 days, such turning 2 times, until matrix is soft
Change, faint scent, no tart flavour；
(4) inoculation place processing: keeping inoculation chamber inner space, wall, ceiling, ground clean and tidy, clean, free from dust,
And room is suitably sterilized using ultraviolet lamp, ozone generator, disinfectant etc.；
(5) it charges and is inoculated with: after substrate fermentation, when temperature is down to 22.5 DEG C, matrix being packed, being filled to can tying
, sack is using 17cm × 33cm specification, 100 DEG C of normal-pressure sterilization 8h after the completion of pack, turns after culture medium is cooled to room temperature
It moves on in transfer room, by the way of punching inoculation, winter sweet-smelling grass original seed is accessed in Cultivar culture medium in open environment, is connect
Kind amount 10%, puts on strain lid after inoculation；
(6) bacteria management: moving into bacteria-producing room bacterium germination for inoculated strain and matrix, and temperature control is at 23 DEG C, bacteria developing period
Between keep being protected from light, it is primary every turning in 12.5 days, and check pollution condition, persistently cultivate 65 days to mycelia purseful, continue to cultivate
17.5 days to mycelia densification, move into storage room save to get.
Embodiment 7
(1) material prepares: weighing sawdust 70kg, sawdust 14.5kg, wheat bran 14.5kg, quick lime 1kg；
(2) material is banked up: substrate fermentation microbial inoculum being added into ready material, adds water and stirs uniformly, until compost
Water content reaches 60%, then builds heap, the heap of building is: putting ventilative wooden case in selected place center, ventilative wooden case is put
After good, fermented material, the wide 1.9m of fermented material, high 1.25m, length 5m, the reserved ventilative wood in windrow two sides are stacked above it
The ventilation mouth at case both ends not cover, and after the completion of banking up, cover layer of plastic film to windrow surface, the ventilative case is one
Rectangle support, surrounding cover stripe board, and the gap 1.5cm is stayed between plate, is covering one layer of sunshade net on plate, the ventilative case is having a size of width
30cm, high 10cm, length 5.5m；
(3) substrate fermentation and turning: first 2-3 days after the completion of banking up, temperature was gradually increasing, and was taken off when temperature rises to 65 DEG C
The plastic film on reactor startup material surface uses sunshade net covering instead, continues fermentation 12.5 days, then start turning, while turning into
Row builds heap, and the same step of method (2) after banking up, covers sunshade net, ferments 12.5 days, such turning 2 times, until matrix is soft
Change, faint scent, no tart flavour；
(4) inoculation place processing: keeping inoculation chamber inner space, wall, ceiling, ground clean and tidy, clean, free from dust,
And room is suitably sterilized using ultraviolet lamp, ozone generator, disinfectant etc.；
(5) it charges and is inoculated with: after substrate fermentation, when temperature is down to 22.5 DEG C, selecting plastic crate, be laid at frame bottom
Then sealed polyethylene plastic is laid with matrix, thickness 20cm is punched on culture medium, pitch of holes 12.5cm using loop-carrier, deep
15cm is spent, the access winter sweet-smelling grass original seed in open environment, inoculum concentration 10%, after inoculation, surface plastic covering film thermal insulating
Moisturizing moves into bacteria room bacteria；
(6) bacteria management: moving into bacteria-producing room bacterium germination for inoculated strain and matrix, and temperature control is at 23 DEG C, bacteria developing period
Between keep being protected from light, it is primary every turning in 12.5 days, and check pollution condition, persistently cultivate 65 days to mycelia purseful, continue to cultivate
17.5 days to mycelia densification, move into storage room save to get.
Embodiment 8
(1) material prepares: weighing sawdust 75kg, sawdust 11.5kg, wheat bran 11.5kg, quick lime 2kg；
(2) material is banked up: substrate fermentation microbial inoculum being added into ready material, adds water and stirs uniformly, until compost
Water content reaches 60%, then builds heap, the heap of building is: putting ventilative wooden case in selected place center, ventilative wooden case is put
After good, fermented material, the wide 1.9m of fermented material, high 1.25m, length 5m, the reserved ventilative wood in windrow two sides are stacked above it
The ventilation mouth at case both ends not cover, and after the completion of banking up, cover layer of plastic film to windrow surface, the ventilative case is one
Rectangle support, surrounding cover stripe board, and the gap 1.5cm is stayed between plate, is covering one layer of sunshade net on plate, the ventilative case is having a size of width
30cm, high 10cm, length 5.5m；
(3) substrate fermentation and turning: first 2-3 days after the completion of banking up, temperature was gradually increasing, and was taken off when temperature rises to 65 DEG C
The plastic film on reactor startup material surface uses sunshade net covering instead, continues fermentation 12.5 days, then start turning, while turning into
Row builds heap, and the same step of method (2) after banking up, covers sunshade net, ferments 12.5 days, such turning 2 times, until matrix is soft
Change, faint scent, no tart flavour；
(4) inoculation place processing: keeping inoculation chamber inner space, wall, ceiling, ground clean and tidy, clean, free from dust,
And room is suitably sterilized using ultraviolet lamp, ozone generator, disinfectant etc.；
(5) it charges and is inoculated with: after substrate fermentation, when temperature is down to 22.5 DEG C, selecting the wooden basket, be laid with and mould at frame bottom
Expect film, then tile one layer of matrix, and winter sweet-smelling grass original seed is uniformly sprinkling upon compost surface in open environment kind by thickness 10cm,
Inoculum concentration 10%, then in the one layer of matrix that tiles, thickness 10cm, a little strain sealing, surface plastic covering film thermal insulating are spread in surface
Moisturizing moves into bacteria room bacteria；
(6) bacteria management: moving into bacteria-producing room bacterium germination for inoculated strain and matrix, and temperature control is at 23 DEG C, bacteria developing period
Between keep being protected from light, it is primary every turning in 12.5 days, and check pollution condition, persistently cultivate 65 days to mycelia purseful, continue to cultivate
17.5 days to mycelia densification, move into storage room save to get.
The preparation that strain is carried out using the preparation method of embodiment 1-8, result is compared:
| Pollution rate (%) | Production cycle (d) | Yield rate (%) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 1.5 | 65 | 98.5 |
| Embodiment 2 | 3.3 | 60 | 96.7 |
| Embodiment 3 | 2.9 | 70 | 97.1 |
| Embodiment 4 | 1.2 | 65 | 98.8 |
| Embodiment 5 | 4.3 | 65 | 95.7 |
| Embodiment 6 | 4.9 | 65 | 95.1 |
| Embodiment 7 | 4.2 | 65 | 95.8 |
| Embodiment 8 | 4.7 | 65 | 95.3 |
It is found that pollution rate can be effectively reduced in method of the invention, raising mycelial growth rate shortens strain production week for comparison
Phase improves original seed, cultivar yield rate.
Finally it is pointed out that above embodiments are only the more representational examples of the present invention.Obviously, technology of the invention
Scheme is not limited to above-described embodiment, and acceptable there are many deformations.Those skilled in the art can be from disclosed by the invention
All deformations that content is directly exported or associated, are considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of winter sweet-smelling grass strain, which comprises the following steps:
(1) material prepares: selecting suitable culture medium prescription, and prepares material by formula；
(2) material is banked up: substrate fermentation microbial inoculum being added into ready material, adds water and stirs uniformly, until compost is aqueous
Amount reaches 50-70%, then builds heap, the heap of building is: putting ventilative wooden case in selected place center, ventilative wooden case is well placed
Afterwards, fermented material is stacked above it, the ventilation mouth at the reserved ventilative wooden case both ends in windrow two sides not cover, after the completion of banking up,
Layer of plastic film is covered to windrow surface；
(3) substrate fermentation and turning: first 2-3 days after the completion of banking up, temperature was gradually increasing, and was taken off when temperature rises to 60-70 DEG C
The plastic film on reactor startup material surface uses sunshade net or straw mattress covering instead, continues fermentation 10-15 days, then start turning, turning
It carries out building heap simultaneously, the same step of method (2) after banking up, covers sunshade net or straw mattress, ferments 10-15 days, such turning 2-
3 times, until matrix softens, faint scent, no tart flavour；
(4) it inoculation place processing: carries out disinfection to inoculation place；
(5) it charges and is inoculated with: after substrate fermentation, when temperature is down to 20-25 DEG C, matrix being dispensed, and is connect into matrix
Kind strain；
(6) bacteria management: inoculated strain and matrix are moved into bacteria-producing room bacterium germination, temperature controls during 20-26 DEG C, bacterium germination
Holding is protected from light, primary every turning in 10-15 days, and checks pollution condition, is persistently cultivated 60-70 days to mycelia purseful, is continued to train
Support 15-20 days to mycelia densification, move into storage room preservation to get.
2. the preparation method of winter sweet-smelling grass strain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the suitable culture medium prescription,
It is Medium for original variety, specifically contains sawdust 60-70%, corncob 15-20%, wheat bran 10-17%, sucrose or glucose
1-2%, quick lime 1-2%.
3. the preparation method of winter sweet-smelling grass strain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the suitable culture medium prescription,
It is Cultivar culture medium formula, specifically contains sawdust 70-75%, sawdust 10-15%, wheat bran 10-15%, quick lime 1-2%.
4. the preparation method of winter sweet-smelling grass strain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ventilative case is rectangle or trapezoidal
Ventilative case, specifically one trapezoidal or rectangle support, surrounding cover stripe board, and the gap 1-2cm is stayed between plate, is hidden on plate at one layer of covering
Screened postive or gauze screen.
5. the preparation method of winter sweet-smelling grass strain according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the rectangle breathes freely case having a size of width
30cm, high 10cm, length >=fermented material stack length；Trapezoidal ventilative case is high having a size of upper bottom width 30cm, lower bottom width 40cm
10cm, length >=fermented material stack length.
6. the preparation method of winter sweet-smelling grass strain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (5) by matrix
Packing, and strain is inoculated with into matrix, comprise the concrete steps that: to glass seed bottle bottleneck, bottleneck reserves the space 2-3cm for charging, training
It supports and is inserted into loop-carrier in base, bottleneck is sealed with tampon, and normal-pressure sterilization 10-12h is cooled to room temperature, and culture medium is moved into inoculating hood
It is interior, parent species are accessed under gnotobasis.
7. the preparation method of winter sweet-smelling grass strain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (5) by matrix
Packing, and is inoculated with strain into matrix, comprises the concrete steps that: matrix is packed, be filled to can tying, sack using 17cm ×
35cm or 17cm × 33cm specification, after the completion of pack, normal-pressure sterilization 8-10h is cooled to room temperature to culture medium, is transferred to transfer room
It is interior, using hole knockout, winter sweet-smelling grass original seed is accessed in Cultivar culture medium in open environment, inoculum concentration 5-15%, inoculation
After put on strain lid.
8. the preparation method of winter sweet-smelling grass strain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (5) by matrix
Packing, and strain is inoculated with into matrix, it is to use plastic crate or the wooden basket, and punching and layer is selected to connect two ways inoculation.
9. the preparation method of winter sweet-smelling grass strain according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the frame plants hole knockout inoculation,
It is comprised the concrete steps that: frame bottom is laid with sealed polyethylene plastic first, is then laid with matrix, thickness 15-25cm is existed using loop-carrier
It is punched on culture medium, pitch of holes 10-15cm, depth 10-20cm, winter sweet-smelling grass original seed, inoculum concentration 5- is accessed in open environment
15%, after inoculation, surface plastic covering film thermal insulating moisturizing moves into bacteria room bacteria.
10. the preparation method of winter sweet-smelling grass strain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the layer connects formula inoculation, specific
Step is: frame bottom is laid with plastic film first, and then tile one layer of matrix, thickness 5-15cm, in open environment kind by winter sweet-smelling grass
Original seed is uniformly sprinkling upon compost surface, inoculum concentration 5-15%, then in the one layer of matrix that tiles, thickness 5-15cm, a little bacterium is spread on surface
Kind sealing, surface plastic covering film thermal insulating moisturizing move into bacteria room bacteria.
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