CN105453896B - A kind of method using mushroom dead meal plantation coprinus comatus - Google Patents
A kind of method using mushroom dead meal plantation coprinus comatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN105453896B CN105453896B CN201510998337.0A CN201510998337A CN105453896B CN 105453896 B CN105453896 B CN 105453896B CN 201510998337 A CN201510998337 A CN 201510998337A CN 105453896 B CN105453896 B CN 105453896B
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- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 244000234623 Coprinus comatus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 235000004439 Coprinus comatus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 241000222485 Agaricales Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ALPPGSBMHVCELA-WHUUVLPESA-N methyl (19E,21E,23E,25E,27E,29E,31E)-33-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-17-[7-(4-aminophenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-oxoheptan-2-yl]-1,3,5,7,9,13,37-heptahydroxy-18-methyl-11,15-dioxo-16,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,23,25,27,29,31-heptaene-36-carboxylate methyl (19E,21E,23E,25E,27E,29E,31E)-33-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,5,7,9,13,37-heptahydroxy-17-[5-hydroxy-7-[4-(methylamino)phenyl]-7-oxoheptan-2-yl]-18-methyl-11,15-dioxo-16,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,23,25,27,29,31-heptaene-36-carboxylate Chemical compound CC1\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C(O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O2)O)CC(O2)C(C(=O)OC)C(O)CC2(O)CC(O)CC(O)CC(O)CC(O)CC(=O)CC(O)CC(=O)OC1C(C)CCC(O)CC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1.C1=CC(NC)=CC=C1C(=O)CC(O)CCC(C)C1C(C)/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C(O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O2)O)CC(O2)C(C(=O)OC)C(O)CC2(O)CC(O)CC(O)CC(O)CC(O)CC(=O)CC(O)CC(=O)O1 ALPPGSBMHVCELA-WHUUVLPESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods using mushroom dead meal plantation coprinus comatus, include the following steps：（1）Coprinus comatus bacterium bag produces：A, compost is prepared；B, it packs；C, it sterilizes；D, it cools down；E, it is inoculated with；F, it cultivates；（2）Coprinus comatus bacterium bag soil covering culture and management：A, cover soil material selection and processing；B, earthing；C, cultural hypha management after earthing；（3）Management of producing mushroom.Have the characteristics that yield is high, planting cost is low, comprehensive resource utilization rate is high, easy to spread.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, and in particular to a kind of side using mushroom dead meal plantation coprinus comatus
Method.
Background technology
Coprinus comatus also known as shaggy cap are being commonly called as coprinus comatus, and because it is shaped like chicken leg, meat meat flavour is gained the name like shredded chicken,
It is the rare bacterium product with business potential manually developed in recent years, is known as " rising star in bacterium ".Coprinus comatus is full of nutrition, taste
Delicious, mouthfeel is fabulous, often edible to help to improve a poor appetite, digest, enhance body immunity, has very high nutritive value.
Since coprinus comatus growth cycle is short, biological transformation ratio is higher, is easy to cultivate, and is particularly suitable for Chinese countryside plantation, closely
Planting scale rapidly expands over year, it has also become one of edible mushroom of the large cultivation of Agaricales China.
At present, coprinus comatus is mainly main culture raw material with cotton seed hulls, straw etc., is planted after fermentation maturity,
This implantation methods need to add in compost the disinfection drug of a certain amount of insecticide and methylpartricin sodium laurylsulfate etc with Vermins-proof mildew-proof, from
And cause product agriculture residual exceeded, if Compost fermentation is bad, can also directly result in yield reduces, even has no harvest, and technology will
It asks high, is not easy to grasp, yield is unstable, and Planting risk is high, and comprehensive resource utilization rate is relatively low.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of yield is high, planting cost is low, comprehensive resource utilization rate is high, easy to spread
Utilize the method for mushroom dead meal plantation coprinus comatus.
A kind of method using mushroom dead meal plantation coprinus comatus of the present invention, includes the following steps：
（1）Coprinus comatus bacterium bag produces：
A, compost is prepared：40-55 parts of the obsolete fungus stick compost of mushroom has been taken out, has been given up by the mushroom bacterium bag of living contaminants
15-25 parts of rejected material, 15-25 parts of rice bran, 8-15 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of gypsum, it is 7-8 that pH value is adjusted after stirring evenly, and water is added to continue to stir
It mixes uniformly, until water content is 50-55%, obtains compost；
B, it packs：Compost is packed and closed by the polyethylene plastic bag that specification is selected to be 15cmx55cm-18cmx60cm
Sack, compost account for the 7/10-8/10 of polyethylene plastic bag volume；
C, it sterilizes：The polyethylene plastic bag for installing compost is put into conventional sterilant pot, with vapor heat supply under normal pressure
Sterilizing first heats rapidly to 92-110 DEG C, keeps temperature 15-22h afterwards, stops heating after continuing to stand 1- in autoclave
3h, sterilizing are completed；
D, it cools down：Compost will be installed and sterilized polyethylene plastic bag is cooled to 25-30 DEG C
E, it is inoculated with：Adopt punching inocalation method, install compost and sterilized, the same side is put down on the polyethylene plastic bag that cools down
Inoculation cave 3-5, cave depth 2-3cm, a diameter of 1.5-2.5cm is opened, strain of coprinus comatus is averagely accessed in inoculation cave, inoculum concentration
It is 30-40g/ bags, obtains coprinus comatus bacterium bag；
F, it cultivates：It it is 15-26 DEG C by coprinus comatus bacterium bag immigration temperature, the environment that gas concentration lwevel is 600-1300ppm
Lower culture carries out first time turning when mycelia circle grows to diameter 6-8cm, removes by the bacterium bag of living contaminants and according to temperature feelings
Condition adjustment bacterium bag puts density to prevent high temperature burning bacterium；Cave mycelia to be seeded carries out second of turning when being all connected,
And around inoculation cave, on the polybag of distance inoculation cave 3-4cm trepanning 4-7 to be vented oxygenation, a diameter of 1-3mm in hole,
It still needs to put density according to temperature conditions adjustment bacterium bag to prevent high temperature burning bacterium, treat 25-40 days, coprinus comatus cultivating in a fungus bag
It completes；
（2）Coprinus comatus bacterium bag soil covering culture and management：
A, cover soil material selection and processing：Take the fertile soil for not planting crop or fallen into disuse 3 years or more arable land soil,
It is mixed thoroughly with the calcium lime powder of native weight 0.5-1%, drying to water content is 10-15%, obtains cover soil material；It is covered before use, need to adjust
The pH value of soil material is 6.5-7, water content 55-60%;
B, earthing method：In greenhouse or in vacant room, the mulch with holes of a slice width 70-100cm is laid in bottom surface,
The cover soil material of one layer of 2-4cm thickness is laid on mulch with holes；Cultured coprinus comatus bacterium bag is sloughed into polybag and obtains bacteria stick,
It is emitted into bacteria stick is parallel on the cover soil material of 2-4cm thickness, the distance between bacteria stick and bacteria stick are 1-3cm；80- is often discharged
The bacteria stick of 200cm long, i.e., in bacteria stick upper cover cover soil material 3-4cm, it is 55-65% to be watered in earthing to cover soil material water content；
C, cultural hypha management after earthing：The water content for keeping cover soil material is 55-65%, and control environment temperature is 15-28
DEG C, after 15-20 days, ventilation 1-2 times, each 30-60min, and increase relative air humidity to 85-95% daily;It is cut after going out flower bud
Avoid toward spraying water on ridge-up bed, adjusting relative air humidity is 80-90%；
（3）Management of producing mushroom：
25-30 days after earthing, daytime is needed to increase illumination, night ventilation to widen day and night temperature, by relative air humidity tune
Section can be harvested to 85-95% after 10-15 days.
A kind of above-mentioned method using mushroom dead meal plantation coprinus comatus, wherein：Step（1）It is described gone out mushroom it is useless
Bacteria stick compost is abandoned to be prepared as follows obtaining：
It is 12-15% by the obsolete fungus stick drying for having gone out mushroom to water content, crushes, crosses the mesh screen that aperture is 16-20mm,
To obtain the final product.
A kind of above-mentioned method using mushroom dead meal plantation coprinus comatus, wherein：Step（1）It is described by living contaminants
Mushroom bacterium bag dead meal is prepared as follows obtaining：
（1）Discarded material bag crushes：It collects by the mushroom bacterium bag of living contaminants, removes polybag, crushes, it is 16- to cross aperture
The mesh screen of 20mm, obtains dead meal；
（2）Dead meal fermentation process：The calcium lime powder of its weight 0.5-1.5% and the phosphorus excessively of 1-2% are added in dead meal
Sour calcium after stirring evenly, piles the trapezoidal material heap of width 0.8-1m, lower width 1-1.3m, high 0.8-1m, on the inclined-plane of material heap both sides
It is the venthole 1 for opening a diameter of 50-70mm, depth 55-60cm every 0.6-1m, covers plastic film and start to ferment；Work as material heap
When interior temperature reaches 55-65 DEG C, after 55-65 DEG C of heat preservation 48-60h, first time turning is carried out, intermediate dead meal is turned to outer
Layer simultaneously the dead meal of outer layer is turned into centre, aforementioned trapezoidal windrow is still piled after turning, and open stomata, cover plastic film after
Supervention ferment；When temperature reaches 55-65 DEG C in material heap, after 55-65 DEG C of heat preservation 48-60h, turning again；With identical operation
Turning 2-3 times is repeated, i.e. fermentation is completed, and obtains compost；
（3）It is dry：By the compost drying fermented to water content be 12-15%, be stored in dry warehouse to get.
Compared with prior art, the present invention with apparent advantageous effect, as can be known from the above technical solutions：It is provided by the present invention
Using mushroom dead meal plantation coprinus comatus method, using mushroom dead meal as primary raw material, after fermented, pass through high-temperature sterilization
The insect pest in compost and miscellaneous bacteria are killed, and mycelia is cultivated under suitable environment, earthing is carried out after mycelia covers with compost
Fruiting has following features：
1st, in planting process Product quality and safety is ensure that without using pesticide；
2nd, mycelia survival rate 99-100%, biological transformation ratio reach 100-130%, stable yield；
3rd, it is technically simple, it is easy to grasp, technical risk is small, is conducive to promote and apply；
4th, the dead meal plantation coprinus comatus after being planted using mushroom, can effectively reduce cost, carry
High comprehensive resource utilization rate.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of method using mushroom dead meal plantation coprinus comatus includes the following steps：
（1）Coprinus comatus bacterium bag produces：
A, compost is prepared：The obsolete fungus stick compost 40kg of mushroom has been taken out, has been discarded by the mushroom bacterium bag of living contaminants
Expect 15kg, rice bran 15kg, wheat bran 8kg, gypsum 1kg is stirred evenly, and is adjusted pH value as 7 using calcium lime powder, water is added to continue stirring equal
It is even, until water content is 50%, obtain compost；
B, it packs：The polyethylene plastic bag that specification is selected to be 15cmx55cm packs compost, and compost accounts for polyethylene modeling
The 7/10 of material bag volume tightens bag with bundling machine to close sack；
C, it sterilizes：The polyethylene plastic bag for installing compost is put into conventional sterilant pot, with vapor heat supply under normal pressure
Sterilizing is first heated rapidly to 92 DEG C, keeps temperature 22h afterwards, is stopped heating after continuing standing 1h in autoclave, has been sterilized
Into；
D, it cools down：Compost will be installed and sterilized polyethylene plastic bag is cooled to 25 DEG C；
E, it is inoculated with：Adopt punching inocalation method, install compost and sterilized, the same side is put down on the polyethylene plastic bag that cools down
3, cave of inoculation is opened, cave depth 3cm, a diameter of 2.5cm averagely access strain of coprinus comatus in inoculation cave, inoculum concentration 30g/
Bag, obtains coprinus comatus bacterium bag；
F, it cultivates：Coprinus comatus bacterium bag immigration temperature is 15 DEG C, cultivated in the environment of gas concentration lwevel is 600ppm, is treated
Mycelia circle carries out first time turning when growing to diameter 8cm, removes by the bacterium bag of living contaminants and adjusts bacterium bag according to temperature conditions
Put density with prevent high temperature burn bacterium；Carry out second of turning when 3 cave mycelia are all connected, and around inoculation cave,
To be vented oxygenation, a diameter of 3mm in hole still needs to be adjusted according to temperature conditions for trepanning 7 on the polybag of distance inoculation cave 3cm
Bacterium bag puts density to prevent high temperature burning bacterium, treats 40 days, coprinus comatus cultivating in a fungus bag is completed；
（2）Coprinus comatus bacterium bag soil covering culture and management：
A, cover soil material selection and processing：The fertile soil for not planting crop is taken, is mixed with the calcium lime powder of native weight 0.5%
Even, drying to water content is 10%, obtains cover soil material；Before use, the PH of cover soil material is adjusted with lime water or dilute hydrochloric acid solution
It is 6.5 to be worth, and the water content of cover soil material is adjusted as 55% using water;
B, earthing method：In greenhouse, the mulch with holes of a slice width 70cm is laid in bottom surface, is laid on mulch with holes
The cover soil material of one layer of 2cm thickness；Cultured leg mushroom bag is sloughed into polybag and obtains bacteria stick, by bacteria stick it is parallel be emitted into 2cm thickness
Cover soil material on, the distance between bacteria stick and bacteria stick be 1cm；The bacteria stick of 80cm long is often discharged, i.e., in bacteria stick upper cover earthing
Material 3cm, it is 55% to be watered in earthing to cover soil material water content；
C, cultural hypha management after earthing：The water content for keeping cover soil material is 55%, and control environment temperature is 15 DEG C, is treated
After 20 days, ventilation 1 time, each 30min daily, and humidifier increase relative air humidity is adopted to 85%;Go out after flower bud never toward ridge-up bed
Upper water spray, it is 80% to adjust relative air humidity；
（3）Management of producing mushroom：
30 days after earthing, need daytime increase illumination, night ventilation to widen day and night temperature, by relative air humidity adjust to
It can be harvested after 85%, 25 days.
Wherein：Step（1）It is described gone out mushroom obsolete fungus stick compost be prepared as follows obtaining：
It is 12% that the obsolete fungus stick drying of mushroom to water content, which will have been gone out, is crushed, cross the mesh screen that aperture is 16mm to get.
Step（1）It is described to be prepared as follows obtaining by the mushroom bacterium bag dead meal of living contaminants：
（1）Discarded material bag crushes：It collects by the mushroom bacterium bag of living contaminants, removes polybag, crushes, it is 16mm to cross aperture
Mesh screen, obtain dead meal；
（2）Dead meal fermentation process：The calcium lime powder of its weight 0.5% and 1% calcium superphosphate are added in dead meal, is stirred
After mixing uniformly, the trapezoidal material heap of width 0.8m, lower width 1m, high 0.8m are piled, is opened directly every 0.6m on the inclined-plane of material heap both sides
Diameter is 50mm, the venthole 1 of depth 55cm, covers plastic film and starts to ferment；When temperature reaches 55 DEG C in material heap, with 55 DEG C
After keeping the temperature 60h, first time turning is carried out, intermediate dead meal is turned into outer layer and the dead meal of outer layer is turned into centre, turning
Aforementioned trapezoidal windrow is still piled afterwards, and is opened stomata, covered plastic film and continue to ferment；When temperature reaches 55 DEG C in material heap,
After 55 DEG C of heat preservation 60h, turning again；Turning 2 times is repeated with identical operation, i.e. fermentation is completed, and obtains compost；
（3）It is dry：By the compost drying fermented to water content be 12%, be stored in dry warehouse to get.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method using mushroom dead meal plantation coprinus comatus includes the following steps：
（1）Coprinus comatus bacterium bag produces：
A, compost is prepared：The obsolete fungus stick compost 55kg of mushroom has been taken out, has been discarded by the mushroom bacterium bag of living contaminants
Expect 25kg, chaff 25kg, wheat bran 15kg, gypsum 1kg is stirred evenly, and is adjusted pH value as 8 using calcium lime powder, water is added to continue stirring equal
It is even, until water content is 55%, obtain compost；
B, it packs：The polyethylene plastic bag that specification is selected to be 18cmx60cm packs compost, and compost accounts for polyethylene modeling
The 8/10 of material bag volume tightens sack with plastic ties to close sack；
C, it sterilizes：The polyethylene plastic bag for installing compost is put into conventional sterilant pot, with vapor heat supply under normal pressure
Sterilizing is first heated rapidly to 110 DEG C, keeps temperature 15h afterwards, is stopped heating after continuing standing 3h in autoclave, has been sterilized
Into；
D, it cools down：Compost will be installed and sterilized polyethylene plastic bag is cooled to 30 DEG C；
E, it is inoculated with：Adopt punching inocalation method, install compost and sterilized, the same side is put down on the polyethylene plastic bag that cools down
5, cave of inoculation is opened, cave depth 2cm, a diameter of 1.5cm averagely access strain of coprinus comatus in inoculation cave, inoculum concentration 40g/
Bag, obtains coprinus comatus bacterium bag；
F, it cultivates：Coprinus comatus bacterium bag immigration temperature is 26 DEG C, cultivated in the environment of gas concentration lwevel is 1300ppm,
First time turning is carried out when mycelia circle grows to diameter 6cm, remove by the bacterium bag of living contaminants and bacterium is adjusted according to temperature conditions
Bag puts density to prevent high temperature burning bacterium；Second of turning is carried out when 5 cave mycelia are all connected, and around inoculation
Cave, to be vented oxygenation, a diameter of 1mm in hole is still needed to according to temperature conditions for trepanning 4 on the polybag of distance inoculation cave 4cm
Adjustment bacterium bag puts density to prevent high temperature burning bacterium, treats 25 days, coprinus comatus cultivating in a fungus bag is completed；
（2）Coprinus comatus bacterium bag soil covering culture and management：
A, cover soil material selection and processing：The arable land soil fallen into disuse 3 years is taken, is mixed thoroughly with the calcium lime powder of native weight 1%,
Drying to water content is 15%, obtains cover soil material；Before use, the pH value of cover soil material is adjusted with lime water or dilute hydrochloric acid solution
It is 7, the water content of cover soil material is adjusted as 60% using water；
B, earthing method：In vacant room, the mulch with holes of a slice width 100cm is laid in bottom surface, then at holes
The cover soil material of one layer of 4cm thickness is laid on film；Cultured coprinus comatus bacterium bag is sloughed into polybag and obtains bacteria stick, by bacteria stick parallel
It puts to the cover soil material of 4cm thickness, the distance between bacteria stick and bacteria stick are 3cm；The bacteria stick of 200cm long is often discharged, i.e., in bacterium
Stick upper cover cover soil material 4cm, it is 65% to be watered in earthing to cover soil material water content；
C, cultural hypha management after earthing：The water content for keeping cover soil material is 65%, and control environment temperature is 28 DEG C, is treated
After 15 days, ventilation 2 times, each 60min, and increase relative air humidity to 95% daily;Go out after flower bud never toward spraying water on ridge-up bed,
It is 90% to adjust relative air humidity；
（3）Management of producing mushroom：
25 days after earthing, need daytime increase illumination, night ventilation to widen day and night temperature, by relative air humidity adjust to
It can be harvested after 95%, 15 days.
Wherein：Step（1）It is described gone out mushroom obsolete fungus stick compost be prepared as follows obtaining：
It is 15% that the obsolete fungus stick drying of mushroom to water content, which will have been gone out, is crushed, cross the mesh screen that aperture is 20mm to get.
Step（1）It is described to be prepared as follows obtaining by the mushroom bacterium bag dead meal of living contaminants：
（1）Discarded material bag crushes：It collects by the mushroom bacterium bag of living contaminants, removes polybag, crushes, it is 20mm to cross aperture
Mesh screen, obtain dead meal；
（2）Dead meal fermentation process：The calcium lime powder of its weight 1.5% and 2% calcium superphosphate are added in dead meal, is stirred
After mixing uniformly, the trapezoidal material heap of width 1m, lower width 1.3m, high 1m are piled, every 1m is opened a diameter of on the inclined-plane of material heap both sides
The venthole 1 of 70mm, depth 60cm, cover plastic film and start to ferment；When temperature reaches 65 DEG C in material heap, with 65 DEG C of heat preservations
After 48h, first time turning is carried out, intermediate dead meal is turned into outer layer and the dead meal of outer layer is turned into centre, after turning still
Aforementioned trapezoidal windrow is piled, and opens stomata, cover plastic film and continue to ferment；When temperature reaches 65 DEG C in material heap, with 65
DEG C heat preservation 48h after, turning again；Turning 3 times is repeated with identical operation, i.e. fermentation is completed, and obtains compost；
（3）It is dry：By the compost drying fermented to water content be 15%, be stored in dry warehouse to get.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method using mushroom dead meal plantation coprinus comatus includes the following steps：
（1）Coprinus comatus bacterium bag produces：
A, compost is prepared：The obsolete fungus stick compost 50kg of mushroom has been taken out, has been discarded by the mushroom bacterium bag of living contaminants
Expect 20kg, rice bran 20kg, wheat bran 11.5kg, gypsum 1kg is stirred evenly, and adjusts pH value as 7.5 using calcium lime powder, water is added to continue
It stirs evenly, until water content is 52.5%, obtains compost；
B, it packs：The polyethylene plastic bag that specification is selected to be 17cmx58cm packs compost, and compost accounts for polyethylene modeling
The 8/10 of material bag volume tightens bag with bundling machine to close sack；
C, it sterilizes：The polyethylene plastic bag for installing compost is put into conventional sterilant pot, with vapor heat supply under normal pressure
Sterilizing is first heated rapidly to 100 DEG C, keeps temperature 18h afterwards, is stopped heating after continuing standing 2h in autoclave, has been sterilized
Into；
D, it cools down：Compost will be installed and sterilized polyethylene plastic bag is cooled to 27 DEG C；
E, it is inoculated with：Adopt punching inocalation method, install compost and sterilized, the same side is put down on the polyethylene plastic bag that cools down
4, cave of inoculation is opened, cave depth 2.5cm, a diameter of 2cm averagely access strain of coprinus comatus in inoculation cave, inoculum concentration 35g/
Bag, obtains coprinus comatus bacterium bag；
F, it cultivates：It it is 20.5 DEG C by coprinus comatus bacterium bag immigration temperature, gas concentration lwevel 950
It is cultivated in the environment of ppm, carries out first time turning when mycelia circle grows to diameter 7cm, remove by living contaminants
Bacterium bag and according to temperature conditions adjust bacterium bag put density with prevent high temperature burn bacterium；When 4 cave mycelia are all connected into
Second of turning of row, and around inoculation cave, on the polybag of distance inoculation cave 3.5cm uniform pore openings 5 to be vented oxygenation, hole
A diameter of 2mm, still need to according to temperature conditions adjust bacterium bag put density with prevent high temperature burn bacterium, treat 32 days, chicken leg
Mushroom cultivating in a fungus bag is completed；
（2）Coprinus comatus bacterium bag soil covering culture and management：
A, cover soil material selection and processing：The arable land soil fallen into disuse 5 years is taken, is mixed with the calcium lime powder of native weight 0.75%
Even, drying to water content is 12.5%, obtains cover soil material；Before use, cover soil material is adjusted with lime water or dilute hydrochloric acid solution
PH value is 6.7, and the water content of cover soil material is adjusted as 57.5% using water；
B, earthing method：In greenhouse, the mulch with holes of a slice width 85cm is laid in bottom surface, is laid on mulch with holes
The cover soil material of one layer of 3cm thickness；Cultured coprinus comatus bacterium bag is sloughed into polybag and obtains bacteria stick, is emitted into 3cm by bacteria stick is parallel
On thick cover soil material, the distance between bacteria stick and bacteria stick are 2cm；The bacteria stick of 140cm long has often been discharged, i.e., has been covered in bacteria stick upper cover
Soil material 3.5cm, it is 57.5% to be watered in earthing to cover soil material water content；
C, cultural hypha management after earthing：The water content for keeping cover soil material is 57.5%, and control environment temperature is 21.5
DEG C, after 17 days, ventilation 1 time, each 45min, and increase relative air humidity to 90% daily;Go out after flower bud never toward on ridge-up bed
Water spray, it is 85% to adjust relative air humidity；
（3）Management of producing mushroom：
27 days after earthing, need daytime increase illumination, night ventilation to widen day and night temperature, by relative air humidity adjust to
It can be harvested after 87.5%, 12 days.
Wherein：Step（1）It is described gone out mushroom obsolete fungus stick compost be prepared as follows obtaining：
It is 13.5% that the obsolete fungus stick drying of mushroom to water content, which will have been gone out, is crushed, cross the mesh screen that aperture is 18mm to get.
Step（1）It is described to be prepared as follows obtaining by the mushroom bacterium bag dead meal of living contaminants：
（1）Discarded material bag crushes：It collects by the mushroom bacterium bag of living contaminants, removes polybag, crushes, it is 18mm to cross aperture
Mesh screen, obtain dead meal；
（2）Dead meal fermentation process：The calcium lime powder of its weight 1% and 1.5% calcium superphosphate are added in dead meal, is stirred
After mixing uniformly, the trapezoidal material heap of width 0.9m, lower width 1.15m, high 0.9m are piled, is opened every 0.8m on the inclined-plane of material heap both sides
The venthole 1 of a diameter of 60mm, depth 57cm, cover plastic film and start to ferment；When temperature reaches 60 DEG C in material heap, with 60
After DEG C heat preservation 54h, first time turning is carried out, intermediate dead meal is turned into outer layer and the dead meal of outer layer is turned into centre, is turned over
Aforementioned trapezoidal windrow is still piled after heap, and opens stomata, cover plastic film and continue to ferment；When temperature reaches 60 DEG C in material heap
When, after 60 DEG C of heat preservation 54h, turning again；Turning 3 times is repeated with identical operation, i.e. fermentation is completed, and obtains compost；
（3）It is dry：By the compost drying fermented to water content be 13.5%, be stored in dry warehouse to get.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, not making limitation in any form to the present invention, appoint
Without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, technical spirit according to the present invention any is simply repaiied to what above example was made for what
Change, equivalent variations and modification, in the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method using mushroom dead meal plantation coprinus comatus includes the following steps：
（1）Coprinus comatus bacterium bag produces：
A, compost is prepared：40-55 parts of the obsolete fungus stick compost of mushroom is taken out, by the mushroom bacterium bag dead meal of living contaminants
15-25 parts, 15-25 parts of rice bran, 8-15 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of gypsum, it is 7-8 that pH value is adjusted after stirring evenly, and water is added to continue stirring equal
It is even, until water content is 50-55%, obtain compost；
B, it packs：Compost is packed and closes sack by the polyethylene plastic bag that specification is selected to be 15cmx55cm-18cmx60cm,
Compost accounts for the 7/10-8/10 of polyethylene plastic bag volume；
C, it sterilizes：The polyethylene plastic bag for installing compost is put into conventional sterilant pot, heat sterilization is supplied with vapor under normal pressure,
It first heats rapidly to 92-110 DEG C, keeps temperature 15-22h afterwards, stop heating after continuing standing 1-3h in autoclave, sterilize
It completes；
D, it cools down：Compost will be installed and sterilized polyethylene plastic bag is cooled to 25-30 DEG C
E, it is inoculated with：Adopt punching inocalation method, install compost and sterilized, the same side is averagely opened on the polyethylene plastic bag that cools down
Cave 3-5, cave depth 2-3cm, a diameter of 1.5-2.5cm are inoculated with, strain of coprinus comatus is averagely accessed in inoculation cave, inoculum concentration is
30-40g/ bags, obtain coprinus comatus bacterium bag；
F, it cultivates：Coprinus comatus bacterium bag immigration temperature is 15-26 DEG C, trained in the environment of gas concentration lwevel is 600-1300ppm
It supports, carries out first time turning when mycelia circle grows to diameter 6-8cm, remove by the bacterium bag of living contaminants and according to temperature conditions tune
Whole bacterium bag puts density to prevent high temperature burning bacterium；Cave mycelia to be seeded carries out second of turning, and enclose when being all connected
Around inoculation cave, on the polybag of distance inoculation cave 3-4cm, to be vented oxygenation, a diameter of 1-3mm in hole is still needed to for trepanning 4-7
Density is put to prevent high temperature burning bacterium according to temperature conditions adjustment bacterium bag, is treated 25-40 days, coprinus comatus cultivating in a fungus bag is complete
Into；
（2）Coprinus comatus bacterium bag soil covering culture and management：
A, cover soil material selection and processing：Take the fertile soil for not planting crop or fallen into disuse 3 years or more arable land soil, with soil
The calcium lime powder of weight 0.5-1% is mixed thoroughly, and drying to water content is 10-15%, obtains cover soil material；Before use, earthing material need to be adjusted
The pH value of material is 6.5-7, water content 55-60%;
B, earthing method：In greenhouse or in vacant room, the mulch with holes of a slice width 70-100cm is laid in bottom surface, then at
The cover soil material of one layer of 2-4cm thickness is laid on mulch with holes；Cultured coprinus comatus bacterium bag is sloughed into polybag and obtains bacteria stick, by bacterium
Stick is parallel to be emitted on the cover soil material of 2-4cm thickness, and the distance between bacteria stick and bacteria stick are 1-3cm；80-200cm is often discharged
Long bacteria stick, i.e., in bacteria stick upper cover cover soil material 3-4cm, it is 55-65% to be watered in earthing to cover soil material water content；
C, cultural hypha management after earthing：The water content for keeping cover soil material is 55-65%, and control environment temperature is 15-28 DEG C,
After 15-20 days, ventilation 1-2 times, each 30-60min, and increase relative air humidity to 85-95% daily;Go out after flower bud never
It sprays water on toward ridge-up bed, adjusting relative air humidity is 80-90%；
（3）Management of producing mushroom：
25-30 days after earthing, need daytime increase illumination, night ventilation to widen day and night temperature, by relative air humidity adjust to
It can be harvested after 85-95%, 10-15 days.
2. a kind of method using mushroom dead meal plantation coprinus comatus as described in claim 1, wherein：Step（1）It is described go out
The obsolete fungus stick compost of complete mushroom is prepared as follows obtaining：
It is 12-15% that the obsolete fungus stick drying of mushroom to water content, which will have been gone out, is crushed, cross the mesh screen that aperture is 16-20mm to get.
3. a kind of method using mushroom dead meal plantation coprinus comatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein：Step（1）It is described
It is prepared as follows obtaining by the mushroom bacterium bag dead meal of living contaminants：
（1）Discarded material bag crushes：It collects by the mushroom bacterium bag of living contaminants, removes polybag, crushes, it is 16-20mm to cross aperture
Mesh screen, obtain dead meal；
（2）Dead meal fermentation process：The calcium lime powder of its weight 0.5-1.5% and the calcium superphosphate of 1-2% are added in dead meal,
After stirring evenly, pile the trapezoidal material heap of width 0.8-1m, lower width 1-1.3m, high 0.8-1m, on the inclined-plane of material heap both sides every
0.6-1m is the venthole 1 for opening a diameter of 50-70mm, depth 55-60cm, covers plastic film and starts to ferment；When warm in material heap
When degree reaches 55-65 DEG C, after 55-65 DEG C of heat preservation 48-60h, first time turning is carried out, intermediate dead meal is turned into outer layer simultaneously
The dead meal of outer layer is turned into centre, aforementioned trapezoidal windrow is still piled after turning, and opens stomata, cover plastic film after supervention
Ferment；When temperature reaches 55-65 DEG C in material heap, after 55-65 DEG C of heat preservation 48-60h, turning again；With identical operation repeatedly
Turning 2-3 times is carried out, i.e. fermentation is completed, and obtains compost；
（3）It is dry：By the compost drying fermented to water content be 12-15%, be stored in dry warehouse to get.
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| CN108370823A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2018-08-07 | 周金山 | The cultural method of brown spirit mushroom |
| CN107011035A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-08-04 | 贵州穗农农业科技有限公司 | Give up Lenlinus edodes base of base-material and preparation method thereof containing mushroom |
| CN108076965B (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2020-10-13 | 凤台县兰韵食用菌专业合作社 | Edible mushroom bag purifying and cooling equipment |
| CN108718907B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2020-11-13 | 重庆夔鄂农业科技有限公司 | Mushroom planting method |
| CN108849265B (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2021-01-05 | 河北民族师范学院 | Domestic edible mushroom fruiting device of vwatching |
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| CN109392599A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-03-01 | 贵州家鑫食用菌有限公司 | A method of green grass bacterium is planted using fermentation material |
| CN109392595A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-03-01 | 贵州家鑫食用菌有限公司 | A method of coprinus comatus is planted using needle mushroom waste material |
| CN109769589A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-05-21 | 黔西县盛腾农业科技开发有限责任公司 | A method of coprinus comatus is planted using needle mushroom waste material |
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Denomination of invention: A Method of Planting Chicken Leg Mushrooms Using Waste Mushroom Materials Effective date of registration: 20231222 Granted publication date: 20180629 Pledgee: China Construction Bank Qianxi Branch Pledgor: GUIZHOU GAOYUAN LANMENG MUSHROOM INDUSTRY TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2023110000545 |