CN109103584B - Claw-shaped novel coplanar waveguide cascade millimeter wave radar antenna - Google Patents

Claw-shaped novel coplanar waveguide cascade millimeter wave radar antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109103584B
CN109103584B CN201710613491.0A CN201710613491A CN109103584B CN 109103584 B CN109103584 B CN 109103584B CN 201710613491 A CN201710613491 A CN 201710613491A CN 109103584 B CN109103584 B CN 109103584B
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coplanar waveguide
antenna
millimeter wave
claw
waveguide antenna
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CN109103584A (en
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白文娟
周立夫
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Huizhou Desay SV Automotive Co Ltd
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Huizhou Desay SV Automotive Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
    • G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/282—Transmitters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/29—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q21/293—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic one unit or more being an array of identical aerial elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/01—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the shape of the antenna or antenna system

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a claw-shaped novel coplanar waveguide cascaded millimeter wave radar antenna which comprises a power divider and a coplanar waveguide antenna array, wherein the power divider comprises an input port, a first output port and a second output port, the coplanar waveguide antenna array comprises a first coplanar waveguide antenna and a second coplanar waveguide antenna which are symmetrical to each other, the first coplanar waveguide antenna and the second coplanar waveguide antenna both comprise a plurality of linear branches which are parallel to each other, and the first end parts of the linear branches are respectively connected with the first output port or the second output port. The invention adopts the improved parallel feed network, can effectively reduce the feed loss and the stray radiation, reduces the size of the antenna, realizes the adjustment of the direction and the gain of the cascaded radar antenna by changing the number and the structure of the linear branches and the gap between two adjacent linear branches, and has the excellent characteristics of high gain, adjustable directivity, easy integration and the like.

Description

Claw-shaped novel coplanar waveguide cascade millimeter wave radar antenna
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a claw-shaped novel coplanar waveguide cascade millimeter wave radar antenna.
Background
The coplanar waveguide patch antenna has the characteristics of thin section, small volume, light weight, easy common type, suitability for mass production by using a planar printed circuit technology and the like, and a feed network can be manufactured together with an antenna structure, so that the coplanar waveguide integration technology becomes a hot spot of research in recent years. The millimeter wave radar sensor can effectively prevent traffic collision accidents in automobile auxiliary driving, the technology is mature in foreign countries, and the technology is developed by related manufacturers and units after starting at home. The specific application cases are as follows: 24Ghz and 77Ghz millimeter wave radar collision avoidance systems, ACC cruise systems, lane change assist systems, BSD (blind spot detection systems), in-vehicle intrusion/personnel presence detection systems, and the like.
One of the key devices of the millimeter wave radar sensor is a millimeter wave vehicle-mounted anti-collision radar antenna system. The technical requirements of the antenna system are as follows: directivity, high gain, high radiation efficiency, narrow beam width, and operating bandwidth band of millimeter wave band, feeder loss, small size, low cost, etc. At present, the design and debugging difficulty of the millimeter wave vehicle-mounted anti-collision radar antenna array is large, few mature cases in China are used for reference, the technical requirements are met, the corresponding structure becomes complex, the cost is increased, and the application and popularization are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a claw-shaped novel coplanar waveguide cascaded millimeter wave radar antenna to overcome the directivity, high gain and feed loss described in the above prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the claw-shaped novel coplanar waveguide cascaded millimeter wave radar antenna comprises a power divider and a coplanar waveguide antenna array, wherein the power divider comprises an input port, a first output port and a second output port, the coplanar waveguide antenna array comprises a first coplanar waveguide antenna and a second coplanar waveguide antenna which are symmetrical to each other, the first coplanar waveguide antenna and the second coplanar waveguide antenna both comprise a plurality of linear branches which are parallel to each other, and the first end parts of the linear branches are respectively connected with the first output port or the second output port.
Further, as a preferred technical solution, the power distribution device further includes a PCB having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a first via group and a second via group connecting the first surface and the second surface of the PCB, wherein the power distribution device is located on the first surface of the PCB, the first via group and the second via group are relatively disposed on two sides of an input port of the power distribution device, and the number of the first via group and the number of the second via group are at least one.
Further, as a preferred technical solution, at least two linear branches are provided in the first coplanar waveguide antenna and the second coplanar waveguide antenna, and the directions of the linear branches are adjustable.
Further, as a preferred technical solution, the structures of the linear branches in the first coplanar waveguide antenna and the second coplanar waveguide antenna are the same or similar, and the structure of each linear branch is determined according to the antenna direction or the gain.
Further, as a preferred technical scheme, the structure of each linear branch is 10mm to 12 mm.
Further, as a preferred technical solution, when the structure of each linear branch is 11mm, the first coplanar waveguide antenna and the second coplanar waveguide antenna reach the maximum values of direction and gain.
Further, as a preferred technical solution, gaps between two adjacent linear branches in the first coplanar waveguide antenna and the second coplanar waveguide antenna are the same or similar, and the gap between two adjacent linear branches is determined according to an antenna direction or a gain.
Further, as a preferred technical scheme, the gap between two adjacent linear branches is 3mm to 6 mm.
Further, as a preferred technical solution, when the gap between two adjacent linear branches is 5mm, the first coplanar waveguide antenna and the second coplanar waveguide antenna reach the maximum values of direction and gain.
Further, as a preferred technical scheme, the PCB is made of FR-4, the first surface of the PCB is a coplanar waveguide ground, and the second surface is a back ground structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the improved parallel feed network is adopted, the loss and the stray radiation of a feed line can be effectively reduced, the size of the antenna is reduced, the adjustment of the direction and the gain of the cascaded radar antenna is realized by changing the number and the structure of the linear branches and the gap between two adjacent linear branches, meanwhile, the adjustment of the directivity of the cascaded radar antenna can also be realized by changing the direction of each linear branch, the antenna array has the excellent characteristics of high gain, adjustable directivity, easy integration and the like, the foundation is laid for the miniaturization of the vehicle-mounted anti-collision radar, the structure is simple in processing and manufacturing process, is completely compatible with a Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) process, is convenient to integrate, and has good application prospect in a future vehicle-mounted anti-collision radar system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structure diagram of a coplanar waveguide cascade millimeter wave radar antenna of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph of the change in antenna orientation with size in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph of antenna gain as a function of size in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of the change of the antenna direction with the gap according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph of the antenna gain as a function of gap in accordance with the present invention.
The antenna comprises an input port 1, a first output port 11, a second output port 12, a first coplanar waveguide antenna 2, a second coplanar waveguide antenna 3, a first through hole group 4, a second through hole group 5 and a first surface 6.
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted; the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar parts; the terms describing positional relationships in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a claw-shaped novel coplanar waveguide cascaded millimeter wave radar antenna includes a power divider, a coplanar waveguide antenna array, a PCB having a first surface 6 and a second surface opposite to the first surface 6, and a first via group 4 and a second via group 5 connecting the first surface 6 and the second surface of the PCB, wherein the power divider is located on the first surface 6 of the PCB, the power divider includes an input port 1, a first output port 11, and a second output port 12, the first via group 4 and the second via group 5 are oppositely disposed on two sides of the input port 1 of the power divider, the number of the first via group 4 and the second via group 5 is at least one, the coplanar waveguide antenna array includes a first coplanar waveguide antenna 2 and a second coplanar waveguide antenna 3 that are symmetrical to each other, the first coplanar waveguide antenna 2 and the second coplanar waveguide antenna 3 each include a plurality of linear branches that are parallel to each other, first ends of the plurality of linear branches are connected to the first output port 11 or the second output port 12, respectively.
The structures of the linear branches in the first coplanar waveguide antenna 2 and the second coplanar waveguide antenna 3 are the same or similar, the structures of the linear branches are determined according to the antenna direction or the gain, the structures of the linear branches are between 10mm and 12mm, and when the structures of the linear branches are 11mm, the first coplanar waveguide antenna 2 and the second coplanar waveguide antenna 3 reach the maximum values of the direction and the gain.
Wherein: the abscissa represents the E-plane angle Theta of the electric field direction, the angle marked on the curve represents the H-plane angle Phi of the magnetic field direction, and it can be seen from the variation trend of each linear branch with the E-plane angle Theta in fig. 2 and 3 that, when the E-plane angle Theta of the electric field direction is 0, the H-plane angle Phi of the magnetic field direction is taken to be 180 degrees and 0 degree, and when the structure of each linear branch varies between 10mm and 12mm, the structure of each linear branch reaches the maximum values of direction and gain at 11 mm.
The gaps between two adjacent linear branches in the first coplanar waveguide antenna 2 and the second coplanar waveguide antenna 3 are the same or similar, the gap between two adjacent linear branches is determined according to the antenna direction or the gain, the gap between two adjacent linear branches is 3mm to 6mm, and when the gap between two adjacent linear branches is 5mm, the first coplanar waveguide antenna 2 and the second coplanar waveguide antenna 3 reach the maximum values of the direction and the gain.
Wherein: the abscissa represents the E-plane angle Theta of the electric field direction, the angle marked on the curve represents the H-plane angle Phi of the magnetic field direction, and it can be seen from the variation trend of each linear branch with the E-plane angle Theta in fig. 4 and 5 that, when the E-plane angle Theta of the electric field direction is 0, the H-plane angle Phi of the magnetic field direction is taken to be 180 degrees and 0 degree, and when the gap of each linear branch varies from 3mm to 6mm, the gap between two adjacent linear branches reaches the maximum value of the direction and the gain when the gap is 5 mm.
The PCB is made of FR-4, the first surface 6 of the PCB is a coplanar waveguide ground wire, the second surface of the PCB is of a back ground structure, at least two linear branches are arranged, and the first surface 6 and the second surface of the PCB are conducted through the first through hole group 4 and the second through hole group 5.
The working principle of the invention is that after receiving a microwave signal to be transmitted, the input port 1 of the power divider transmits the microwave signal to the first coplanar waveguide antenna 2 and the second coplanar waveguide antenna 3 through the power divider divided into two parts, thereby realizing the cascade connection of the coplanar waveguide antennas, then the cascaded claw-shaped coplanar waveguide antennas transmit the microwave signal, the adjustment of the direction and the gain of the cascaded radar antenna is realized by changing the number and the structure of linear branches of the coplanar waveguide antennas and the gap between two adjacent linear branches, and simultaneously, the adjustment of the directivity of the cascaded radar antenna can be realized by changing the direction of each linear branch.
It is to be understood that the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The claw-shaped novel coplanar waveguide cascaded millimeter wave radar antenna comprises a power divider and is characterized by further comprising a coplanar waveguide antenna array, wherein the power divider comprises an input port (1), a first output port (11) and a second output port (12), the coplanar waveguide antenna array comprises a first coplanar waveguide antenna (2) and a second coplanar waveguide antenna (3) which are symmetrical to each other, the first coplanar waveguide antenna (2) and the second coplanar waveguide antenna (3) respectively comprise at least two linear branches which are parallel to each other, and first end parts of the linear branches are respectively connected with the first output port (11) or the second output port (12); the structures of the linear branches in the first coplanar waveguide antenna (2) and the second coplanar waveguide antenna (3) are the same, and the structures of the linear branches are determined according to the antenna direction or the gain.
2. The claw-shaped novel coplanar waveguide cascaded millimeter wave radar antenna as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a PCB board having a first surface (6) and a second surface opposite to the first surface (6), and a first via group (4) and a second via group (5) connecting the first surface (6) and the second surface of the PCB board, wherein the power distributor is located on the first surface (6) of the PCB board, the first via group (4) and the second via group (5) are oppositely disposed on two sides of the input port (1) of the power distributor, and the number of the first via group (4) and the number of the second via group (5) are respectively at least one.
3. The claw-shaped novel coplanar waveguide cascaded millimeter wave radar antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the structure of each linear branch is 10mm to 12 mm.
4. The claw-shaped novel coplanar waveguide cascaded millimeter wave radar antenna as claimed in claim 3, wherein when the structure of each linear branch is 11mm, the first coplanar waveguide antenna (2) and the second coplanar waveguide antenna (3) reach the maximum values of direction and gain.
5. The claw-shaped novel coplanar waveguide cascaded millimeter wave radar antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gap between two adjacent linear branches in the first coplanar waveguide antenna (2) and the second coplanar waveguide antenna (3) is the same, and the gap between two adjacent linear branches is determined according to the antenna direction or the gain.
6. The novel claw-shaped coplanar waveguide cascaded millimeter wave radar antenna as claimed in claim 5, wherein the gap between two adjacent linear branches is 3mm to 6 mm.
7. The claw-shaped novel coplanar waveguide cascaded millimeter wave radar antenna as claimed in claim 6, wherein the first coplanar waveguide antenna (2) and the second coplanar waveguide antenna (3) reach the maximum values of direction and gain when the gap between two adjacent linear branches is 5 mm.
8. The claw-shaped novel coplanar waveguide cascaded millimeter wave radar antenna as claimed in claim 2, wherein the PCB is made of FR-4, the first surface (6) of the PCB is a coplanar waveguide ground, and the second surface (7) is a back ground structure.
CN201710613491.0A 2017-07-25 2017-07-25 Claw-shaped novel coplanar waveguide cascade millimeter wave radar antenna Active CN109103584B (en)

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CN101895010B (en) * 2010-06-13 2012-10-24 南京邮电大学 Coplanar waveguide feed wideband printed monopole antenna
CN205992588U (en) * 2016-09-23 2017-03-01 厦门大学 A kind of plane trident shape ultra-wideband antenna with trap characteristic

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