WO2022160974A1

WO2022160974A1 - Antenna, detection apparatus, radar and terminal

Info

Publication number: WO2022160974A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/137447
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陶骏; 彭杰; 王之鼎; 李龙
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2021-02-01
Filing date: 2021-12-13
Publication date: 2022-08-04
Also published as: EP4283780A1; CN114843749A

Abstract

An antenna, a detection apparatus, a radar and a terminal. The antenna comprises a first dielectric substrate, a feed line, a plurality of coupling patches and a plurality of parasitic patches, wherein the feed line and the coupling patches are located on one side of the first dielectric substrate, the coupling patches are sequentially arranged in the extension direction of the feed line, and there is a gap between at least one coupling patch and the feed line; the plurality of parasitic patches are located on the side of the first dielectric substrate that is away from the feed line, and at least one of the plurality of parasitic patches corresponds to at least one coupling patch; and the orthographic projection of a parasitic patch among the at least one parasitic patch on the first dielectric substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of a gap between the coupling patch corresponding to the parasitic patch and the feed line on the first dielectric substrate. Therefore, coupled feeding between a coupling patch and a feed line is realized in a gap coupling manner, and a parasitic patch is excited by a coupling gap, such that the coupling patch and the parasitic patch are excited at the same time to realize different resonant frequencies, thereby widening the operating bandwidth, and realizing the broadband characteristic.

Description

Antennas, detection devices, radars and terminals

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application with the application number 202110139300.8 and the application name "Antenna, Detection Device, Radar and Terminal" filed with the China Patent Office on February 1, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference middle.

technical field

The present application relates to the field of perception, in particular to an antenna, a detection device, a radar and a terminal, which can be applied to automatic driving, intelligent driving or unmanned driving.

Background technique

With the development of society, intelligent terminals such as intelligent transportation equipment, smart home equipment, and robots are gradually entering people's daily life. Sensors play a very important role in smart terminals. Various sensors installed on the smart terminal, such as millimeter-wave radar, lidar, camera, ultrasonic radar, etc., perceive the surrounding environment during the movement of the smart terminal, collect data, and identify and track moving objects. As well as the identification of static scenes such as lane lines and signs, and combined with navigator and map data for path planning. Sensors can detect possible dangers in advance and assist or even take necessary evasion measures autonomously, effectively increasing the safety and comfort of smart terminals.

Taking the intelligent terminal as an intelligent transportation device as an example, the millimeter-wave antenna is the first to become the main sensor of the unmanned system and the assisted driving system due to its low cost and relatively mature technology. At present, Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) has developed more than ten functions, including Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC), Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB), Lane Change Assist ( Lance Change Assist (LCA) and Blind Spot Monitoring (BSD) are all inseparable from millimeter-wave antennas.

In order to meet the various changing and complex application environments of intelligent transportation equipment, the antenna needs to meet the requirements of large bandwidth, wide beam, and low side lobes. Among them, a wider bandwidth means that the antenna can support more working frequency bands, thereby supporting higher channel capacity transmission. Due to the single resonance mode of the currently common antenna, the working bandwidth of the antenna is limited. Therefore, how to improve the bandwidth of the antenna is one of the technical problems that technicians urgently need to solve.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present application provides an antenna, a detection device, a radar and a terminal, which can widen the working bandwidth of the antenna.

In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna, the antenna includes a first dielectric substrate, a feeder, a plurality of coupling patches and a plurality of parasitic patches; wherein: the feeder and the plurality of coupling patches are located in the first one side of the dielectric substrate, the plurality of coupling patches are sequentially arranged along the extension direction X of the feeder, and at least one of the plurality of coupling patches has a gap between the feeder and the feeder, Therefore, coupling feeding can be realized between the coupling patch and the feeding line through the form of slot coupling. The plurality of parasitic patches are located on the side of the first dielectric substrate away from the first dielectric substrate, and at least one of the plurality of parasitic patches corresponds to at least one of the coupling patches; wherein, In the parasitic patch corresponding to the coupling patch, the orthographic projection of the parasitic patch on the first dielectric substrate and the gap between the coupling patch and the feeder corresponding to the parasitic patch are on the first dielectric substrate. The orthographic projections overlap at least partially. Therefore, the parasitic patch is excited by the coupling slot, and finally the coupling patch and the parasitic patch are excited at the same time to achieve different resonance frequencies, thereby broadening the working bandwidth and realizing broadband characteristics. Also, in the present application, the coupling patch and the parasitic patch radiate together, so that the far-field radiation pattern is superimposed. It is precisely because both the parasitic patch and the coupling patch can achieve independent resonance, the antenna of the present application is a dual-resonance antenna.

The starting end of the feeder is used to feed the antenna; the end of the feeder can be in an open-circuit state or a short-circuit state. When the terminal of the feeder is in an open state, the terminal of the feeder is in a free extension state and does not connect to any conductor. When the terminal of the feeder is in a short-circuit state, the terminal of the feeder is used for grounding.

The antenna further includes a floor layer, the floor layer is used for grounding, and the floor layer is located on the side of the first dielectric substrate away from the parasitic patch. During specific implementation, both the feeder line and the coupling patch need to be isolated from the floor layer.

Exemplarily, the antenna may further include a second dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate is located on the side of the first dielectric substrate away from the parasitic patch; the parasitic patch is located on the first dielectric substrate the feed line and the coupling patch are located on the second dielectric substrate, and are located on the side of the second dielectric substrate facing the first dielectric substrate. In this way, the feeder line and the coupling patch can be isolated from the floor layer by using the second dielectric substrate.

In actual production, the parasitic patch can be formed on the first dielectric substrate by the Printed circuit boards (PCB) process, and the coupling patch can also be formed on the second dielectric substrate by the PCB process, so that the antenna structure is simple, Low profile, easy integration, low cost, suitable for mass production.

It can be understood that, in this application, the feeder, the multiple coupling patches and the multiple parasitic patches are used as a group of array units, there may be a group of array units on the floor layer, and of course there may be multiple array units. The group array unit is not limited here.

The shape and size of the parasitic patch and the coupling patch are not limited in this application, and can be designed and debugged according to the requirements of coupling degree and impedance.

During specific implementation, the shape of the coupling patch can be a regular pattern, such as a rectangle, an ellipse, etc., of course, it can also be an irregular pattern. The shape of the parasitic patch can be a regular pattern, such as a rectangle, an ellipse, etc., of course, it can also be an irregular pattern.

In the present application, the feeder can be straight, broken or curved, such as zigzag (zigzag), wavy, arcuate, etc., which is not limited herein.

It can be understood that the present application does not limit the number of coupling patches and parasitic patches, and the number of coupling patches may be the same as or different from the number of parasitic patches. Exemplarily, the number of parasitic patches may be set to be the same as the number of coupling patches having slots with the feed line, such that each parasitic patch corresponds to one slot.

In the present application, in order to ensure the coupling performance, the parasitic patch in the at least one parasitic patch is at the center of the orthographic projection of the first dielectric substrate and the gap between the corresponding coupling patch and the feeder The distance between the centers of the orthographic projections of the first dielectric substrate is less than a preset value.

In the present application, in order to ensure the consistency of radiation characteristics, when the number of parasitic patches in the at least one parasitic patch is greater than 1, for each parasitic patch corresponding to the coupling patch, the parasitic patch The position vector of the patch at the center of the orthographic projection of the first dielectric substrate relative to its corresponding coupling patch and the feeder's gap at the center of the orthographic projection of the first dielectric substrate is the same, so as to ensure the radiation characteristics. consistency.

Further, in order to ensure the consistency of radiation characteristics, for each parasitic patch corresponding to the coupling patch, the parasitic patch in the at least one parasitic patch is at the center of the orthographic projection of the first dielectric substrate. The corresponding gap between the coupling patch and the feed line is coincident with the center of the orthographic projection of the first dielectric substrate. The "coincidence" here is not the coincidence in the strict geometric sense, but a certain distance deviation is allowed in actual operation.

Exemplarily, in the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application, a gap is provided between each of the coupling patches and the feeder.

Further, each parasitic patch in the plurality of parasitic patches corresponds to one coupling patch in the plurality of coupling patches, and each of the parasitic patches is on the positive side of the first dielectric substrate. The projections at least partially overlap with the orthographic projections of the corresponding coupling patches and the feed lines on the first dielectric substrate.

In order to ensure the consistency of radiation characteristics, for each parasitic patch corresponding to the coupling patch, the parasitic patch is at the center of the orthographic projection of the first dielectric substrate relative to the corresponding coupling patch and the The slits of the feeder lines coincide at the center of the orthographic projection of the first dielectric substrate.

During specific implementation, in order to ensure the coupling strength between the coupling patch and the feeder, the width of the gap between the coupling patch and the feeder cannot be too wide or too small. In this application, the width of the gap between the coupling patch and the feeder is controlled to be [0.02λg, 0.5λg], where λg is the wavelength of the waveguide.

For the coupling patch having a gap with the feeder, at least two of the coupling patches and the feeder have different slot widths. Therefore, different coupling amounts are controlled by making the gap width between the coupling patch and the feed line inconsistent, so as to achieve a low sidelobe weighted design.

Exemplarily, in the present application, the widths of the gaps between all the coupling patches and the feed lines are not uniform, so as to achieve a better low side lobe effect.

Exemplarily, the plurality of coupling patches are sequentially arranged on both sides of the feeder along the extension direction of the feeder, and any two adjacent coupling patches along the extension direction of the feeder are respectively located on both sides of the feeder. Different sides of the feeder; the length of the feeder between the orthographic projections of the centers of the adjacent two coupling patches on the feeder is equal to 0.5λg, and the centers of the adjacent two parasitic patches are on the feeder The feeder length between the orthographic projections on is equal to 0.5λg. Therefore, the phases of the two adjacent coupling patches are reversed, and the antenna as a whole is arrayed with a half-wavelength spacing. In addition, since the coupling patches are arranged in a staggered arrangement on both sides of the feeder, the parasitic patches corresponding to the coupling patches are also arranged in a staggered arrangement on both sides of the feeder, so that the horizontal beam width can be widened.

Further, in the present application, in order to improve the radiation effect, the side of the coupling patch opposite to the feeder is parallel to the side of the feeder opposite to the coupling patch, so that the coupling patch and the feeder can be ensured. The gap width between them is equal everywhere.

In this application, the parasitic patch and the corresponding coupling patch are used as a group of patches, and the horizontal beam can be widened by adjusting the relative positions of the adjacent two groups of patches perpendicular to the extension direction of the feeder to achieve wide beam characteristics.

Exemplarily, the number of the plurality of coupling patches is N, N is a positive integer, along the extension direction of the feeder, the distance between the center of the i-th coupling patch and the feeder and the j-th The distance between the center of the coupling patch and the feeder is the same, i+j=N+1, i and j are positive integers; where:

When N is an even number, along the extending direction of the feed line, the shape of the i-th coupling patch and the shape of the j-th coupling patch are symmetrical about the center. The slot widths between the 1st coupling patch and the N/2th coupling patch and the feeder are all inconsistent, and the slot width between the i-th coupling patch and the feeder is the same as the jth The coupling patch has the same width as the slot of the feeder.

When N is an odd number, along the extension direction of the feeder, the shape of the i-th coupling patch and the shape of the j-th coupling patch are symmetrical about an axis, and the direction of the symmetry axis is perpendicular to the extension direction of the feeder . The slot widths between the first coupling patch and the N+1/2 coupling patch and the feeder are all inconsistent, and the slot width between the i-th coupling patch and the feeder is the same as the j-th slot width. The coupling patch has the same width as the slot of the feeder.

In order to optimize the pattern characteristics of the antenna, when N is an even number, along the extension direction of the feeder, from the first coupling patch to the N/2 coupling patch, the coupling patch is along the The width of the feeder in the extending direction increases sequentially, but it is not excluded that the adjacent coupling patches have the same width or are close in width, as long as it is ensured from the first coupling patch to the N/2th coupling patch The width of the coupling patch along the extension direction X of the feed line may be in an increasing trend as a whole. When N is an odd number, along the extension direction of the feeder, from the first coupling patch to the (N+1)/2th coupling patch, the coupling patch is located along the feeder. The width in the extension direction increases sequentially, but it is not ruled out that the adjacent coupling patches have the same width or are close in width, as long as it is ensured from the first coupling patch to the (N+1)/2th coupling patch The width of the coupling patch along the extending direction of the feed line may be on an overall increasing trend.

Further, when N is an odd number, along the extension direction of the feeder, the shape of the (N+1)/2th coupling patch is an axisymmetric graph, and the direction of the symmetry axis is the same as the extension direction of the feeder. vertical.

In order to suppress the cross-polarization, there is at least one coupling patch in the plurality of coupling patches, and a side of the coupling patch facing away from the feed line has a groove, and the groove runs through the thickness of the coupling patch. The thickness direction of the coupling patch is a direction perpendicular to the plane where the first dielectric substrate is located.

In a possible implementation manner, each of the plurality of coupling patches has a groove on a side away from the feeder.

In specific implementation, when the width of the coupling patch along the feed line is greater than a certain value, cross-polarization is likely to occur, so setting grooves in the coupling patch with a width greater than a certain value can effectively suppress the cross-polarization.

Exemplarily, along the extension direction of the feeder, from the first coupling patch to the Nth coupling patch:

When N is an even number, the N/2-x to N/2+y-th coupling patches are the coupling patches having grooves, where x is greater than or equal to 0 and less than N/2-1 , and y is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to N/2-1;

When N is an odd number, the (N+1)/2-x to (N+1)/2+yth coupling patches are the coupling patches having grooves, where x is greater than or equal to 0 is an integer less than (N+1)/2-1, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than (N+1)/2-1.

During specific implementation, due to the limitation of the antenna pattern, the width of the coupling patch along the extension direction of the feeder belongs to [0.02λg, 0.5λg], for example, 0.02λg, 0.05λg, 0.1λg, 0.2λg, 0.3 λg, 0.4λg, 0.5λg, etc., are not limited here.

The length of the coupling patch perpendicular to the extension direction of the feeder belongs to [0.02λg, 0.6λg], for example, 0.02λg, 0.05λg, 0.1λg, 0.2λg, 0.3λg, 0.4λg, 0.5λg, 0.6λg, etc. , so as to realize the small-diameter arrangement of the antenna.

Correspondingly, the length of the parasitic patch perpendicular to the extension direction of the feeder is 0.5λg, and the width of the parasitic patch along the extension direction of the feeder is less than or equal to 0.5λg, for example, the parasitic patch is at The width along the extending direction of the feed line is equal to 0.25λg, which is not limited herein.

In a specific implementation, among the plurality of parasitic patches, there are at least two parasitic patches having the same shape and/or size.

To ensure consistent radiation characteristics, all parasitic patches have the same shape and size. And when all the parasitic patches have the same shape and size, the difficulty of the manufacturing process can also be reduced.

In a second aspect, there is provided a radar comprising the antenna of the first aspect or various embodiments of the first aspect.

In a possible implementation manner, the radar further includes a control chip, the control chip is connected to the antenna, and the control chip is used to control the antenna to transmit or receive signals.

In a third aspect, a detection device is provided, the detection device comprising the antenna according to the first aspect or various embodiments of the first aspect.

A fourth aspect provides a terminal, where the terminal includes the antenna according to the first aspect or various embodiments of the first aspect, or the terminal includes the radar according to the second aspect or various embodiments of the second aspect .

In a possible implementation manner, the terminal is a vehicle, a drone or a robot.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic top-view structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the antenna in Fig. 1 along AA' direction;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a partial top-view structural schematic diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 7 is a kind of schematic diagram of the center of the irregular figure in this application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic top-view structural diagram of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic top-view structure diagram of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic top-view structure diagram of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic top-view structural diagram of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a partial top-view structural schematic diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a partial top-view structural schematic diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a working bandwidth of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a directional diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be noted that in this specification, like numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, so that once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be used in subsequent figures. for further definitions and explanations.

In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "middle", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation or a specific orientation. construction and operation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood in specific situations.

Hereinafter, some terms in the embodiments of the present application will be explained, so as to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art.

1. SMD: A module with wireless receiving and transmitting functions in the antenna.

2. Feeder: It can also be called a cable, which has the function of transmitting signals.

In order to facilitate understanding of the antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application, an application scenario of the antenna is first described below. The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application may be applied to a terminal that implements a communication function and/or a detection function through a radar or other detection device with a detection function. The terminal may be a vehicle in automatic driving or intelligent driving, a drone, an unmanned transport vehicle or a robot, etc. In order to meet the application of terminals in complex and changeable environments, the antenna needs to meet the requirements of large bandwidth, wide beam, and low side lobes. However, due to the single resonance mode of the current common antenna, the working bandwidth of the antenna is limited.

Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide an antenna that can meet the design requirements of broadband coverage. The antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring first to FIGS. 1 and 2 , FIG. 1 is a top view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the antenna in FIG. 1 along the AA' direction. The antenna includes a first dielectric substrate 10 , a feeder 11 , a plurality of coupling patches 12 and a plurality of parasitic patches 13 ; wherein: the feeder 11 and the plurality of coupling patches 12 are located on one side of the first dielectric substrate 10 , and the plurality of coupling patches 12 are sequentially arranged along the extension direction X of the feeder 11 , and at least one of the plurality of coupling patches 12 has a gap between the feeder 11 and the feeder 11 ; The plurality of parasitic patches 13 are located on the side of the first dielectric substrate 20 away from the first dielectric substrate 10 , and at least one parasitic patch 13 of the plurality of parasitic patches 13 corresponds to at least one of the couplings Patch 12; wherein, among the parasitic patches corresponding to the coupling patch 12, the orthographic projection of the parasitic patch 13 on the first dielectric substrate 10 and its corresponding coupling patch 12 and the feeder The orthographic projection of the first dielectric substrate 10 at least partially overlaps the slits 11 .

In the antenna provided by the present application, since there is a gap between the coupling patch 12 and the feeder line 11 , the coupling patch 12 and the feeder line 11 can realize coupling and feeding in the form of slot coupling. Because the orthographic projection of the parasitic patch 13 on the first dielectric substrate 10 at least partially overlaps the orthographic projection of the corresponding gap between the coupling patch 12 and the feeder 11 on the first dielectric substrate 10 . Therefore, the parasitic patch 13 is excited by the coupling slot, and finally the coupling patch 12 and the parasitic patch 13 are excited at the same time to realize different resonance frequencies, thereby broadening the working bandwidth and realizing broadband characteristics. Moreover, in the present application, the coupling patch 12 and the parasitic patch 13 radiate together, so as to superimpose and realize the far-field radiation pattern. Just because the parasitic patch 13 and the coupling patch 12 can achieve independent resonance, the antenna of the present application is a dual-resonance antenna.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the starting end 11a of the feeder 11 is used to realize the feeding of the antenna; the terminal 11b of the feeder 11 may be in an open state or a short circuit state. When the terminal 11b of the feeder 11 is in an open state, the terminal 11b of the feeder 11 is in a free extension state and is not connected to any conductor. When the terminal 11b of the feeder 11 is in a short-circuit state, the terminal 11b of the feeder 11 is used for grounding.

Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 3 , FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. The antenna further includes a floor layer 30 , the floor layer 30 is used for grounding, and the floor layer 30 is located on the side of the first dielectric substrate 10 away from the parasitic patch 13 . During specific implementation, both the feeder 11 and the coupling patch 12 need to be isolated from the floor layer 30 .

The coupling patch 12 and the feeder line 11 in the present application realize coupling feeding in the form of slot coupling, the parasitic patch 13 is excited by the coupling slot, and finally the coupling patch 12 and the parasitic patch 13 are excited at the same time to achieve different resonances frequency, thereby broadening the working bandwidth and realizing broadband characteristics. Since both the parasitic patch 13 and the coupling patch 12 can achieve independent resonance, the antenna of the present application is a dual-resonance antenna, and both the coupling patch 12 and the parasitic patch 13 work in the TM01 mode, which is a typical patch operation. model.

Referring to FIG. 4 , FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application. The direction of the arrow in FIG. 4 is the direction of the electric field line, and the denser the filling area, the smaller the electric field strength of the area. It can be seen from FIG. 4 that at the gap between the feeder 11 and the coupling patch 12, and between the gap and the parasitic patch 13, the electric field is strong, the electric field between the parasitic patch 13 and the floor layer 30, and the coupling The electric field between the patch 12 and the floor layer 30 can be equivalent to a magnetic current, and the direction of the magnetic current is parallel to the extension direction X of the feeder 11 , thereby realizing horizontal polarization.

Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 5 , FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application. The antenna may further include a second dielectric substrate 20 , the second dielectric substrate 20 is located on the side of the first dielectric substrate 10 away from the parasitic patch 13 ; the parasitic patch 13 is located on the first dielectric substrate 10 The feed line 11 and the coupling patch 12 are located on the second dielectric substrate 20 and on the side of the second dielectric substrate 20 facing the first dielectric substrate 10 . In this way, the feeder 11 and the coupling patch 12 can be isolated from the floor layer 30 by using the second dielectric substrate 20 .

It can be understood that, in this application, the feeder, the multiple coupling patches and the multiple parasitic patches are used as a group of array units, there may be a group of array units on the floor layer, and of course there may be multiple array units. The group array unit is not limited here. Wherein, in FIG. 1 , only one group of array units is used as an example for illustration.

In specific implementation, the material of the parasitic patch and the coupling patch may be a metal material, such as copper, which is not limited herein. Both the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate can be made of epoxy resin, polyphenylene ether resin or fluorine-based resin as the main material, that is, the dielectric substrate is a high-frequency substrate, which has a small and stable dielectric constant and low dielectric loss. , The thermal expansion coefficient is close to that of copper, the water absorption is low, and the chemical resistance is high, which can meet the development trend of high frequency communication equipment.

In the present application, the feeder 11 may be a straight line as shown in FIG. 1 , a broken line as shown in FIG. 9 or a curved shape, such as a zigzag (zigzag), wavy, bow-shaped, etc. as shown in FIG. 9 . This is not limited.

The "position vector" of point A relative to point B here can be understood as a vector with point B as the origin and point A as the end point. As shown in FIG. 6, taking two parasitic patches 13 as an example, the first parasitic patch 13(a) is opposite to its corresponding coupling patch 12(a) and the feeder at the center A1 of the orthographic projection of the first dielectric substrate The position vector of the gap 11 at the orthographic center B1 of the first dielectric substrate is B1A1, and the second parasitic patch 13(b) is relative to its corresponding coupling patch 12(b) at the center A2 of the orthographic projection of the first dielectric substrate. The position vector of the gap between ) and the feeder 11 on the orthographic center B2 of the first dielectric substrate is B2A2, and B1A1=B2A2.

It should be noted that the "center" of the orthographic projection in this application can be understood as: if the orthographic projection figure is a regular figure, the orthographic projection's "center" is the geometric center; if the orthographic projection figure is an irregular figure, the The "center" of the projection can be the intersection of the orthographic projection in two mutually perpendicular directions. For example, as shown in Figure 7, the orthographic projection takes its midpoint x1 at the widest point along the first direction x, and takes its midpoint x1 along the second direction. The midpoint y1 is taken at the widest point in the direction y, and the intersection O of the line along the second direction y and passing through the point x1 and the line along the first direction x and passing through the point y1 is the "center" of the orthographic projection. The first direction x and the second direction y are perpendicular, and the first direction may be the extension direction of the feeder.

The antenna provided by the present application is described below by taking the shape of the coupling patch and the parasitic patch as a rectangle, and the feeder as an example of a straight line or a folded line.

Exemplarily, referring to FIG. 8 to FIG. 11 , in the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application, each of the coupling patches 12 and the feeder line 11 has a gap.

Further, each parasitic patch 13 of the plurality of parasitic patches 13 corresponds to one coupling patch 12 of the plurality of coupling patches 12, and each of the parasitic patches 13 is in the first The orthographic projection of a dielectric substrate 10 at least partially overlaps the orthographic projection of the first dielectric substrate 10 with the corresponding gap between the coupling patch 12 and the feeder 11 .

Exemplarily, referring to FIGS. 8 to 11 , the plurality of coupling patches 12 are sequentially arranged on both sides of the feeder 11 along the extension direction X of the feeder 11 , and along the extension direction X of the feeder 11 . Any two adjacent coupling patches 12 are located on different sides of the feeder 11 respectively; the length of the feeder between the orthographic projections of the centers of the adjacent two coupling patches 12 on the feeder 11 is equal to 0.5 λg, the length of the feeder between the orthographic projections of the centers of the two adjacent parasitic patches 12 on the feeder 11 is equal to 0.5λg. Therefore, the phases of the two adjacent coupling patches 12 are reversed, and the entire antenna is arrayed at a half-wavelength pitch. In addition, since the coupling patches 12 are arranged in a dislocation on both sides of the feeder 11, the parasitic patches 13 corresponding to the coupling patches 12 are also arranged in a dislocation on both sides of the feeder 11, so that the width can be widened. Horizontal beam width.

Here, the "center" of the coupling patch (or parasitic patch) can be understood as: if the pattern of the coupling patch (or parasitic patch) is a regular pattern, then the "center" of the coupling patch (or parasitic patch) is Geometric center, if the pattern of the coupling patch (or parasitic patch) is an irregular pattern, the "center" of the coupling patch (or parasitic patch) can be the mutual perpendicularity of the coupling patch (or parasitic patch) The intersection point in the two directions of the The intersection of the point y1, the line along the second direction y and passing through the point x1, and the line along the first direction x and passing through the point y1 is the "center" of the coupling patch (or parasitic patch). The first direction x and the second direction y are perpendicular, and the first direction may be the extension direction of the feeder.

Specifically, referring to FIGS. 12 and 13 , the length of the feeder 11 between the orthographic projections of the centers O1 and O2 of the two adjacent coupling patches 12 (or parasitic patches) on the feeder 11 is equal to 0.5λg. It can be understood that "0.5λg" here refers to 0.5λg in an ideal state, and deviations that may be caused by the manufacturing process are allowed in actual production.

Further, in the present application, in order to improve the radiation effect, referring to FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 , the side 120 of the coupling patch 12 opposite to the feeder 11 and the side 110 of the feeder 11 opposite to the coupling patch 12 parallel, so as to ensure that the width of the gap between the coupling patch 12 and the feed line 11 is equal everywhere.

In the present application, the parasitic patch 13 and the corresponding coupling patch 12 are used as a group of patches, and the horizontal beam can be widened by adjusting the relative positions of the adjacent two groups of patches in the direction X perpendicular to the extension direction of the feeder 11, so as to realize Wide beam characteristics.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 8 to FIG. 11 , the number of the plurality of coupling patches 12 is N, N is a positive integer, and along the extension direction X of the feeder 11 , the center of the i-th coupling patch 12 is the same as the The distance of the feeder 11 and the distance between the center of the j-th coupling patch 12 and the feeder 11 are the same, where i+j=N+1.

When N is an even number, along the extension direction of the feed line, the shape of the i-th coupling patch and the shape of the j-th coupling patch are symmetrical about the center. Referring to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , taking N=8 as an example, the first coupling patch 12 and the eighth coupling patch 12 are located on both sides of the feeder 11 respectively, and the shape of the first coupling patch 12 is the same as that of the first coupling patch 12 . The shapes of the eight coupling patches 12 are two figures symmetrical about the center, and the distance between the center of the first coupling patch 12 and the feeder 12 and the center of the eighth coupling patch 12 The distance from the feeder 11 is the same. The second coupling patch 12 and the seventh coupling patch 12 are located on both sides of the feeder 11 respectively, and the shape of the second coupling patch 12 and the seventh coupling patch 12 are symmetrical about the center The distance between the center line of the second coupling patch 12 and the feeder line 11 is the same as the distance between the center line of the seventh coupling patch 12 and the feeder line 11 . The third coupling patch 12 and the sixth coupling patch 12 are located on both sides of the feeder 11 respectively, and the shape of the third coupling patch 12 and the sixth coupling patch 12 are symmetrical about the center The distance between the center of the third coupling patch 12 and the feeder line 11 is the same as the distance between the center of the sixth coupling patch 12 and the feeder line 11 . The fourth coupling patch 12 and the fifth coupling patch 12 are located on both sides of the feeder 11 respectively, and the shape of the fourth coupling patch 12 and the fifth coupling patch 12 are symmetrical about the center and the distance between the center of the fourth coupling patch 12 and the feeder 11 is the same as the distance between the center of the fifth coupling patch 12 and the feeder 11; thus ensuring the direction of the antenna Graph symmetry and consistency.

When N is an even number, along the extension direction of the feeder, the widths of the gaps between the first to the N/2th coupling patch are inconsistent with the feeder, and the i-th coupling patch The slot width between the patch and the feeder is the same as the slot width between the j-th coupling patch and the feeder, where i+j=N+1.

When N is an odd number, along the extension direction of the feeder, the shape of the i-th coupling patch and the shape of the j-th coupling patch are symmetrical about an axis, and the direction of the symmetry axis is the extension direction of the feeder vertical. Referring to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , taking N=9 as an example, the first coupling patch 12 and the ninth coupling patch 12 are both located on the same side of the feeder 11 , and the shape of the first coupling patch 12 is the same as that of the first coupling patch 12 . The shapes of the nine coupling patches 12 are two figures that are symmetrical about the axis, the direction of the symmetry axis is perpendicular to the extension direction X of the feeder 11, and the center of the first coupling patch 12 is aligned with the feeder. The distance of 12 and the distance between the center of the ninth coupling patch 12 and the feeder 11 are the same. The second coupling patch 12 and the eighth coupling patch 12 are both located on the same side of the feeder 11 , and the shape of the second coupling patch 12 and the eighth coupling patch 12 are symmetrical about the axis The direction of the symmetry axis is perpendicular to the extension direction X of the feeder 11; and the distance between the center line of the second coupling patch 12 and the feeder 11 is the same as the distance between the eighth coupling patch 12 The distance between the neutral line and the feeder line 11 is the same. The third coupling patch 12 and the seventh coupling patch 12 are both located on the same side of the feed line 11 , and the shape of the third coupling patch 12 and the seventh coupling patch 12 are symmetrical about the axis The direction of the axis of symmetry is perpendicular to the extension direction X of the feeder 11; and the distance between the center of the third coupling patch 12 and the feeder 11 is the same as the distance between the center of the third coupling patch 12 The center is the same distance from the feeder 11 . The fourth coupling patch 12 and the sixth coupling patch 12 are both located on the same side of the feeder 11 , and the shape of the fourth coupling patch 12 and the sixth coupling patch 12 are symmetrical about the axis The direction of the symmetry axis is perpendicular to the extension direction X of the feeder 11; and the distance between the center of the fourth coupling patch 12 and the feeder 11 is the same as the distance between the sixth coupling patch 12 The distance between the center and the feeder 11 is the same; thus ensuring the symmetry and consistency of the antenna pattern.

When N is an odd number, along the extension direction of the feeder, the first to N+1/2 of the coupling patch and the feeder have different slot widths, and the i-th coupling patch is inconsistent with the feeder. The width of the slot between the coupling patch and the feeder is the same as the width of the slot between the jth coupling patch and the feeder, where i+j=N+1.

Continuing to refer to Fig. 8 to Fig. 11, in order to optimize the pattern characteristics of the antenna, as shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, when N is an even number, along the extension direction X of the feeder 11, from the first coupling patch From 12 to the N/2th coupling patch 12, the width of the coupling patch 12 along the extension direction X of the feed line 11 increases sequentially, but it is not excluded that the adjacent coupling patches 12 have the same width Or the width is close, as long as it is ensured that from the first coupling patch 12 to the N/2 coupling patch 12, the width of the coupling patch 12 along the extension direction X of the feeder 11 is the same as the whole There is an increasing trend. As shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , when N is an odd number, along the extension direction X of the feeder 11 , from the first coupling patch 12 to the (N+1)/2 coupling patch 12. The width of the coupling patch 12 along the extension direction X of the feed line 11 increases sequentially, but it is not ruled out that the adjacent coupling patches 12 have the same width or are close in width, as long as it is ensured from the first one From the coupling patch 12 to the (N+1)/2th coupling patch 12 , the width of the coupling patch 12 along the extension direction X of the feed line 11 may be in an overall increasing trend.

Further, when N is an odd number, the width of the (N+1)/2th coupling patch along the extension direction of the feed line is the widest. Referring to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , the fifth coupling patch 12 has the widest width along the extension direction X of the feed line 11 . Of course, in a specific implementation, the width of the (N+1)/2th coupling patch along the extending direction of the feeder may also be the same as the (N-1)/2th coupling patch, and The width of the (N-3)/2th coupling patch is the same.

In order to ensure the symmetry and consistency of the antenna pattern, when the number of coupling patches is odd, along the extension direction X of the feeder 11, the shape of the (N+1)/2th coupling patch 12 is Axisymmetric figure, and the direction of the symmetry axis is perpendicular to the extension direction X of the feeder 11 . Continuing to refer to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , the shape of the fifth coupling patch 12 is an axisymmetric figure, and the direction of the symmetry axis is perpendicular to the extension direction X of the feeder 11 .

Continuing to refer to FIGS. 8 to 11 , in order to suppress cross-polarization, there is at least one coupling patch 12 in the plurality of coupling patches 12 , and the side facing away from the feed line 11 has a groove V, and the groove V through the thickness of the coupling patch 12 . The thickness direction of the coupling patch 12 is the direction perpendicular to the plane where the first dielectric substrate 10 is located. In FIGS. 8 to 11 , the thickness direction of the coupling patch 12 is perpendicular to the plane formed by the X direction and the Y direction, Y The direction is the direction perpendicular to the extension direction X of the feeder.

In a possible implementation, each of the plurality of coupling patches has a groove on a side away from the feeder.

Referring to FIG. 8 to FIG. 11 , the closer the coupling patches 12 are arranged in the middle position, the larger the width along the extension direction X of the feeder 11 is. Among the plurality of coupling patches 12 , the coupling patch 12 arranged near the middle position is the coupling patch 12 having the groove V. As shown in FIG.

Taking the number of coupling patches as N as an example, when N is an even number, the coupling patches with grooves arranged near the middle position may be the N/2-x to N/2+yth coupling patches. The patch 12, wherein x is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than N/2-1, and y is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to N/2-1; for example, the coupling patch 12 with grooves can be the first The N/2 and N/2+1th coupling patches can also be the N/2-ith to N/2+1+jth coupling patches, where i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than N/2 An integer of -1, j is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than N/2-1, i and j can be the same or different. To ensure the symmetry of the antenna pattern, i and j are the same. Taking N=8 as an example, the coupling patches arranged near the middle position may be the 4th and 5th coupling patches, or may be the 4th-i to 5th+jth coupling patches, where i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than 3, and j is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than 3.

When N is an odd number, the coupling patches arranged near the middle may be the (N+1)/2-x to (N+1)/2+y-th coupling patches 12, where x is An integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than (N+1)/2-1, y is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than (N+1)/2-1; for example, the coupling patch 12 with grooves is ( N+1)/2 coupling patches, and can also be (N+1)/2-ith to (N+1)/2+jth coupling patches, where i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than ( N+1)/2-1 integer, j is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than (N+1)/2-1, i and j can be the same or different, in order to ensure the symmetry of the antenna pattern, i and J are the same. Taking N=9 as an example, the coupling patch with grooves arranged near the middle position may be the 5th coupling patch, or may be the 5th-i to 5+jth coupling patches, wherein i is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than 4, and j is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than 4. Specifically, the number of the coupling patches with grooves may be set according to the width of the coupling patches along the extension direction of the feed line.

In the specific implementation, referring to FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 , due to the limitation of the antenna pattern, the width w of the coupling sticker along the extension direction X of the feeder 11 is controlled to be between [0.02λg, 0.5λg], for example, 0.02 λg, 0.05λg, 0.1λg, 0.2λg, 0.3λg, 0.4λg, 0.5λg, etc., are not limited here.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 , the length L of the coupling patch perpendicular to the extension direction X of the feeder is controlled at [0.02λg, 0.6λg], for example, 0.02λg, 0.05λg, 0.1λg, 0.2λg, 0.3 λg, 0.4λg, 0.5λg, 0.6λg, etc., so as to realize the small-diameter arrangement of the antenna.

Further, it can be understood that the length of the parasitic patch perpendicular to the extension direction of the feeder is 0.5λg. The "0.5λg" in the "0.5λg" refers to 0.5λg in an ideal state. Bias exists.

In this application, when the terminal of the feeder is in an open state, the center of the coupling patch closest to the feeder terminal is 0.5λg from the orthographic projection of the feeder to the feeder terminal; when the terminal of the feeder is in a short-circuit state, The feeder length of the center of the coupling patch closest to the feeder terminal on the orthographic projection of the feeder and the feeder terminal is 0.25λg. "0.5λg" and "0.25λg" here refer to ideal conditions, and deviations that may be caused by the manufacturing process are allowed in actual production.

To ensure consistent radiation characteristics, see FIGS. 8 to 11 , all parasitic patches 13 have the same shape and size. And when all the parasitic patches 13 have the same shape and size, the difficulty of the manufacturing process can also be reduced.

Referring to Fig. 14, Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the working bandwidth of the antenna after designing the number, size, and slot width of the coupling patches in the antenna shown in Fig. 8 with the feeder terminal in a short-circuit state, as can be seen from the figure The starting frequency is 74.68GHz, the cutoff frequency is 81.77GHz, and the bandwidth can reach 7.09GHz, realizing broadband characteristics.

Referring to Figure 15, the schematic diagram of the pattern corresponding to the antenna in Figure 14, it can be seen from the figure that the pattern of the antenna has good consistency in the entire operating bandwidth, the pattern is not distorted with frequency changes, and the pattern bandwidth is about 5GHz.

Exemplarily, comparing the antenna provided by one of the embodiments of the present application with the existing comb antenna, the parameters of the antenna are shown in the following table:

It can be seen from the above table that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna provided by this embodiment of the present application is significantly improved compared to the existing comb antenna.

Based on the same technical concept, the present application also provides a radar, the radar includes an antenna, and the antenna may be any of the antennas in the above-mentioned embodiments. Further, the radar is a millimeter wave radar.

Optionally, the radar further includes a control chip, the control chip is connected to the antenna, and the control chip is used to control the antenna to transmit or receive signals.

The radar can also be other detection devices with detection function.

Based on the same technical concept, the present application also provides a terminal, where the terminal includes the above-mentioned radar or the above-mentioned antenna.

Optionally, the terminal described in this embodiment of the present application may have the capability of implementing a communication function and/or a detection function through a radar, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

In a possible implementation manner, the terminal may be a vehicle in automatic driving or intelligent driving, a drone, an unmanned transport vehicle, a robot, or the like.

In another possible implementation manner, the terminal may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with a wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (Virtual Reality, VR) terminal, an augmented reality (Augmented Reality, AR) terminal ) terminal, terminal in industrial control, terminal in self driving, terminal in remote medical, terminal in smart grid, transportation safety The terminal in the smart city, the terminal in the smart city, the terminal in the smart home, and so on.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

An antenna is characterized by comprising a first dielectric substrate, a feeder, a plurality of coupling patches and a plurality of parasitic patches, wherein:

The feeder line and the plurality of coupling patches are located on one side of the first dielectric substrate, the plurality of coupling patches are sequentially arranged along the extension direction of the feeder line, and the There is a gap between at least one coupling patch and the feeder;

The plurality of parasitic patches are located on the side of the first dielectric substrate away from the feeder, and at least one of the plurality of parasitic patches corresponds to at least one of the coupling patches;

Wherein, the orthographic projection of the parasitic patch in the at least one parasitic patch on the first dielectric substrate and the orthographic projection of the corresponding gap between the coupling patch and the feeder on the first dielectric substrate at least partially overlapping;

Wherein, the number of the plurality of coupling patches is N, and N is a positive integer.
The antenna of claim 1, wherein the parasitic patch in the at least one parasitic patch is at the center of the orthographic projection of the first dielectric substrate and the corresponding coupling patch and the The distance between the gaps of the feed lines and the centers of the orthographic projections of the first dielectric substrate is smaller than a preset value.
The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of parasitic patches in the at least one parasitic patch is greater than 1, and each parasitic patch in the at least one parasitic patch is in The center of the orthographic projection of the first dielectric substrate is the same as the position vector of the corresponding center of the orthographic projection of the coupling patch and the feeder.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each of the coupling patches in the plurality of coupling patches and the feeder line has a gap.
The antenna of claim 4, wherein each parasitic patch of the plurality of parasitic patches corresponds to one coupling patch of the plurality of coupling patches, and each of the parasitic patches The orthographic projection of the first dielectric substrate at least partially overlaps the orthographic projection of the corresponding gap between the coupling patch and the feeder on the first dielectric substrate.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plurality of coupling patches are sequentially arranged on both sides of the feeder along the extension direction of the feeder, and along the extension of the feeder Any two adjacent coupling patches in the direction are respectively located on different sides of the feeder;

The length of the feeder between the centers of the adjacent two coupling patches along the orthographic projection of the feeder is equal to 0.5λg, and the center of the adjacent two parasitic patches is between the orthographic projections along the feeder. The feeder length is equal to 0.5λg, where λg is the waveguide wavelength.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that:

Along the extension direction of the feeder, the distance between the center of the ith coupling patch and the feeder is the same as the distance between the center of the jth coupling patch and the feeder, i+j=N+1 , i and j are positive integers;

in:

When N is an even number, along the extension direction of the feed line, the shape of the i-th coupling patch and the shape of the j-th coupling patch are symmetrical about the center; or

When N is an odd number, along the extension direction of the feeder, the shape of the i-th coupling patch and the shape of the j-th coupling patch are symmetrical about an axis, and the direction of the symmetry axis is perpendicular to the extension direction of the feeder .
The antenna according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein N is an even number,

Along the extension direction of the feeder, from the first coupling patch to the N/2th coupling patch, the widths of the coupling patches along the extension direction of the feeder are sequentially increased.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein N is an odd number,

along the extension direction of the feeder, from the first coupling patch to the (N+1)/2 coupling patch, the widths of the coupling patches along the extension direction of the feeder are in sequence increase.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1-7 and 9, wherein N is an odd number, and along the extension direction of the feeder, the shape of the (N+1)/2th coupling patch is the axis The figure is symmetrical, and the direction of the axis of symmetry is perpendicular to the extending direction of the feeder.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein there is at least one coupling patch in the plurality of coupling patches, and a side of the coupling patch facing away from the feeder has a groove, and the groove penetrates through The thickness of the coupling patch.
The antenna according to claim 11, wherein, along the extension direction of the feeder, from the first coupling patch to the Nth coupling patch:

When N is an even number, the N/2-x to N/2+y-th coupling patches are coupling patches with grooves, wherein x is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than N/2-1 , y is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to N/2-1;

When N is an odd number, the (N+1)/2-x to (N+1)/2+yth coupling patches are the coupling patches having grooves, where x is greater than or equal to 0 is an integer less than (N+1)/2-1, and y is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than (N+1)/2-1.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein the width of the coupling patch along the extension direction of the feeder belongs to [0.02λg, 0.5λg], and the coupling patch is vertically The length in the extending direction of the feeder belongs to [0.02λg, 0.6λg], where λg is the wavelength of the waveguide.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that there are at least two of the coupling patches and the feeder with different gap widths.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1-14, wherein the width of the gap between the coupling patch and the feed line belongs to [0.02λg, 0.5λg], where λg is the wavelength of the waveguide.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein among the plurality of parasitic patches, there are at least two parasitic patches having the same shape and/or size.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1-16, wherein a length of the parasitic patch perpendicular to the extension direction of the feeder is 0.5λg, and the parasitic patch is along the extension direction of the feeder The width of is less than or equal to 0.5λg, where λg is the waveguide wavelength.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1-17, wherein the feeder is in a straight line, a zigzag line or a curved line.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1-18, further comprising a second dielectric substrate;

the second dielectric substrate is located on the side of the first dielectric substrate away from the parasitic patch;

the parasitic patch is located on the first dielectric substrate;

The feed line and the coupling patch are located on the second dielectric substrate, and are located on the side of the second dielectric substrate facing the first dielectric substrate.
A radar, characterized in that the radar comprises the antenna according to any one of claims 1-19.
The radar of claim 20, wherein the radar further comprises a control chip, the control chip is connected to the antenna, and the control chip is used to control the antenna to transmit or receive signals.
A detection device, characterized in that, the detection device comprises the antenna according to any one of claims 1-19.
A terminal, characterized in that the terminal comprises the antenna according to any one of claims 1-19 or the radar according to claim 20 or 21 .
The terminal according to claim 23, wherein the terminal is a vehicle, a drone or a robot.