CN112103645A - High-gain automobile millimeter wave radar array antenna - Google Patents
High-gain automobile millimeter wave radar array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN112103645A CN112103645A CN202010946994.1A CN202010946994A CN112103645A CN 112103645 A CN112103645 A CN 112103645A CN 202010946994 A CN202010946994 A CN 202010946994A CN 112103645 A CN112103645 A CN 112103645A
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
- H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/525—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between emitting and receiving antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-gain automotive millimeter wave radar array antenna, which comprises a millimeter wave radar chip interface, a first receiving linear array antenna, a second receiving linear array antenna, a third receiving linear array antenna, a fourth receiving linear array antenna, a transceiving isolation linear array antenna, a first transmitting linear array antenna, a second transmitting linear array antenna, a third transmitting linear array antenna and a fourth transmitting linear array antenna. The scheme of the invention has the advantages of high precision, high response speed and high resolution, high stability, miniaturization and low cost, and can be used for a millimeter wave radar system scheme for medium-distance and long-distance detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antennas, in particular to a high-gain automobile millimeter wave radar array antenna.
Background
In recent years, as an advanced driving assistance system technology necessary for breaking through future unmanned technology, the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar technology is rapidly developing. Optical camera and laser radar are compared to on-vehicle millimeter wave radar, have not fear all-weather detection ability and detection distance of rain fog dust haze far away, have advantages such as resolution ratio height and small in size simultaneously. The vehicle-mounted radar is divided into three types according to distance, namely long distance, medium distance and short distance. Long range radars typically employ high gain antennas to achieve far detection requirements, but their field of view (FOV) is also rapidly decreasing, and therefore typically only covers the detection of the current lane and adjacent lanes. Mid-range radars typically employ low gain antennas in exchange for a larger FOV. Thus, longer detection distances and larger fields of view generally require a corresponding tradeoff.
At present, the existing automotive millimeter wave radar structure in the market mainly adopts a traditional microstrip line series feed structure or a series feed array structure, the radiation characteristic of an antenna is difficult to control, and the processing consistency is poor; the suppression of the sidelobe level needs to be improved, and the angle resolution capability is poor; the single TX-RX reflection path has interference factors of fluctuation of target echo amplitude, and cannot meet the index requirements of a millimeter wave radar system scheme for medium-distance and long-distance detection.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a structure of a high-gain automotive millimeter wave radar array antenna, which improves the radiation and impedance matching characteristics of the antenna by adopting a four-transmitting four-receiving antenna array mode and adopting eight array elements with the same amplitude and angle as basic unit structures.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a high-gain automobile millimeter wave radar array antenna comprises a millimeter wave radar chip interface, a first receiving linear array antenna, a second receiving linear array antenna, a third receiving linear array antenna, a fourth receiving linear array antenna, a receiving and transmitting isolation linear array antenna, a first transmitting linear array antenna, a second transmitting linear array antenna, a third transmitting linear array antenna and a fourth transmitting linear array antenna.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the technical scheme of the invention has the advantages of high stability, miniaturization and low cost, the isolation degree between the receiving and transmitting channels is improved by the isolation linear array antenna, the spatial layout is more reasonable, the requirements of the millimeter wave radar antenna with high precision, high response speed and high resolution can be met, and the scheme of the millimeter wave radar system with low cost, small volume and high performance for medium-distance and long-distance detection can be realized.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the first to fourth input ends of the millimeter wave radar chip interface are respectively connected with the input ends of the first receiving linear array antenna, the second receiving linear array antenna, the third receiving linear array antenna and the fourth receiving linear array antenna through four 50-ohm microstrip lines with equal lengths; the first output end to the fourth output end of the millimeter wave radar chip interface are respectively connected with the input ends of the first transmitting linear array antenna, the second transmitting linear array antenna, the third transmitting linear array antenna and the fourth transmitting linear array antenna through four 50-ohm microstrip lines with the same length.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that the receiving sensitivity of the millimeter wave radar can be improved by adopting four equal-phase transmitting and receiving antennas, and meanwhile, the radar is convenient to carry out phase synchronization control.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the first receiving linear array antenna, the second receiving linear array antenna, the third receiving linear array antenna, the fourth receiving linear array antenna, the transmitting-receiving isolation linear array antenna, the first transmitting linear array antenna, the second transmitting linear array antenna, the third transmitting linear array antenna and the fourth transmitting linear array antenna are all formed by angle-fed eight-element linear array antennas; the input end of the angle-fed eight-element antenna is sequentially connected with microstrip line feed lines TL1, TL2, TL3, TL4, TL5, TL6, TL7 and TL8 from bottom to top in the vertical direction, and the input end of the angle-fed eight-element antenna is W0 mm wide and L0 mm long; the feeder lines TL1 to TL8 are far away from one end of the input end and are respectively connected with No. 1 to No. 8 rectangular patches, the No. 1, No. 3, No. 5 and No. 7 rectangular patches are arranged on the right side of the feeder line, the No. 2, No. 4, No. 6 and No. 8 rectangular patches are arranged on the left side of the feeder line, the rectangular patches are W mm wide and L mm long in size, and the feeding positions are fed in the 45-degree angle direction; the middle part of each rectangular patch is reserved with a welt rectangular slot, the dimensions of the welt rectangular slot are dW millimeter wide and dL millimeter long, meanwhile, the other side of the microstrip line of the feed end at the 45-degree angle of each rectangular patch is reserved with a reflection offset slot which is dJ millimeter wide and dH millimeter long, and the distance between the reflection offset slot and the feed end at the 45-degree angle of the rectangular patch is dG millimeter.
The adoption of the further scheme has the beneficial effects that the linear antenna array can be formed by adopting 8 rectangular patches with the same amplitude, so that the antenna gain and the radiation directivity are improved, and the detection range and the sensitivity of the radar are improved; meanwhile, a reflection counteracting groove is introduced into the transmission line, the amplitude of a reflection echo is controlled by the size of the groove, the phase difference of two reflection waves is 180 degrees by adjusting the distance between the groove hole and the corner feed patch, so that the electromagnetic wave reflected by the patch is counteracted, standing waves are improved, a welted rectangular groove is formed in the middle of the rectangular patch, single-mode transmission is obtained by destroying the continuity of current in an antenna TM01 mode, the current is transmitted along the main polarization direction, side lobes of the antenna are reduced, and the cross polarization of the antenna is improved. The patch antenna has low production cost and better antenna consistency, and is convenient to install and integrate with circuit functions.
The further technical scheme is as follows: each antenna in the high-gain automotive millimeter wave radar array antenna has two modes when being arranged in a layout, and in the two modes, a first receiving linear array antenna, a second receiving linear array antenna, a third receiving linear array antenna, a fourth receiving linear array antenna, a transceiving isolation linear array antenna, a first transmitting linear array antenna, a second transmitting linear array antenna, a third transmitting linear array antenna and a fourth transmitting linear array antenna are sequentially arranged and distributed from top to bottom on a plane layout; in the first arrangement mode, the vertical spacing between adjacent antennas is respectively 0.5 lambda, 1.5 lambda, 0.5 lambda and lambda millimeters, and the input feed of the second transmitting linear array antenna and the third transmitting linear array antenna is horizontally extended by 0.5 lambda millimeter compared with the rest antennas; in the second arrangement mode, the vertical spacing between adjacent antennas is respectively 0.5 λ, 1.5 λ, 0.5 λ, and the input feed position of the second transmission line array antenna and the third transmission line array antenna is respectively extended by λ, 0.5 λ mm in the horizontal direction compared with the other antennas, wherein λ is the length of an electromagnetic wavelength of a working frequency point.
The further scheme has the advantages that the distance between adjacent antennas is kept to be half (0.5 lambda millimeter) of the electromagnetic wavelength of the working frequency point, so that accurate phase control can be realized, an antenna directional diagram is improved when four receiving antennas are combined into an antenna array, and antenna gain is improved; meanwhile, the transmitting antenna arrays in the two arrangement modes meet the distribution condition of a sparse matrix, the aperture of the antenna can be improved, the main beam of the antenna is narrowed, the angle resolution capability is improved, and a plurality of TX-RX reflection paths exist simultaneously, so that the interference factor of the fluctuation of the target echo amplitude is improved to a certain extent.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a high-gain automotive millimeter wave radar array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an angle-fed eight-element antenna array in a high-gain automotive millimeter-wave radar array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a circuit layout of an angle-fed eight-element antenna array in a high-gain automotive millimeter-wave radar array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a layout of a first overall circuit layout mode of a high-gain automotive millimeter wave radar array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a layout of a second overall circuit layout mode of the high-gain automotive millimeter wave radar array antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The high-gain automotive millimeter wave radar array antenna provided by the embodiment comprises a millimeter wave radar chip interface, a first receiving linear array antenna, a second receiving linear array antenna, a third receiving linear array antenna, a fourth receiving linear array antenna, a receiving and transmitting isolation linear array antenna, a first transmitting linear array antenna, a second transmitting linear array antenna, a third transmitting linear array antenna and a fourth transmitting linear array antenna.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the first to fourth input ends of the millimeter wave radar chip interface are respectively connected to the input ends of the first, second, third and fourth linear receiving antennas through four microstrip lines with equal length and 50 ohms; the first output end to the fourth output end of the millimeter wave radar chip interface are respectively connected with the input ends of the first transmitting linear array antenna, the second transmitting linear array antenna, the third transmitting linear array antenna and the fourth transmitting linear array antenna through four 50-ohm microstrip lines with the same length.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, each of the first receiving linear array antenna, the second receiving linear array antenna, the third receiving linear array antenna, the fourth receiving linear array antenna, the transceiving isolation linear array antenna, the first transmitting linear array antenna, the second transmitting linear array antenna, the third transmitting linear array antenna, and the fourth transmitting linear array antenna is formed by eight angle-fed antenna elements; the input end of the angle-fed eight-element antenna is sequentially connected with microstrip line feed lines TL1, TL2, TL3, TL4, TL5, TL6, TL7 and TL8 from bottom to top in the vertical direction, and the input end of the angle-fed eight-element antenna is W0 mm wide and L0 mm long; the feeder lines TL1 to TL8 are far away from one end of the input end and are respectively connected with No. 1 to No. 8 rectangular patches, the No. 1, No. 3, No. 5 and No. 7 rectangular patches are arranged on the right side of the feeder line, the No. 2, No. 4, No. 6 and No. 8 rectangular patches are arranged on the left side of the feeder line, the rectangular patches are W mm wide and L mm long in size, and the feeding positions are fed in the 45-degree angle direction; the middle part of each rectangular patch is reserved with a welt rectangular slot, the dimensions of the welt rectangular slot are dW millimeter wide and dL millimeter long, meanwhile, the other side of the microstrip line of the feed end at the 45-degree angle of each rectangular patch is reserved with a reflection offset slot which is dJ millimeter wide and dH millimeter long, and the distance between the reflection offset slot and the feed end at the 45-degree angle of the rectangular patch is dG millimeter.
As shown in fig. 4, when the layout of each antenna in the high-gain automotive millimeter wave radar array antenna is arranged, there are two modes, in the first arrangement mode, the first receiving linear array antenna, the second receiving linear array antenna, the third receiving linear array antenna, the fourth receiving linear array antenna, the transceiving isolation linear array antenna, the first transmitting linear array antenna, the second transmitting linear array antenna, the third transmitting linear array antenna, and the fourth transmitting linear array antenna are all arranged and distributed in sequence from top to bottom on the planar layout; the vertical spacing between the adjacent antennas is respectively 0.5 lambda, 1.5 lambda, 0.5 lambda and lambda millimeters, and the input feed of the second transmitting linear array antenna and the third transmitting linear array antenna is horizontally extended by 0.5 lambda millimeter compared with the rest antennas, wherein lambda is the length of an electromagnetic wavelength of a working frequency point.
As shown in fig. 5, when the layout of each antenna in the high-gain automotive millimeter wave radar array antenna is arranged, there are two modes, in the second arrangement mode, the first receiving linear array antenna, the second receiving linear array antenna, the third receiving linear array antenna, the fourth receiving linear array antenna, the transceiving isolation linear array antenna, the first transmitting linear array antenna, the second transmitting linear array antenna, the third transmitting linear array antenna, and the fourth transmitting linear array antenna are all arranged and distributed in sequence from top to bottom on the planar layout; the vertical spacing between adjacent antennas is respectively 0.5 lambda, 1.5 lambda, 0.5 lambda and 0.5 lambda millimeters, the input feed positions of the second transmitting linear array antenna and the third transmitting linear array antenna are respectively extended by lambda and 0.5 lambda millimeters in the horizontal direction compared with the other antennas, wherein lambda is the length of an electromagnetic wavelength of a working frequency point.
The above detailed description is directed to a high-gain automotive millimeter wave radar array antenna provided by the embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is described herein by using specific examples, which are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protective scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A high-gain automobile millimeter wave radar array antenna is characterized by comprising a millimeter wave radar chip interface, a first receiving linear array antenna, a second receiving linear array antenna, a third receiving linear array antenna, a fourth receiving linear array antenna, a receiving and transmitting isolation linear array antenna, a first transmitting linear array antenna, a second transmitting linear array antenna, a third transmitting linear array antenna and a fourth transmitting linear array antenna.
2. The high-gain automotive millimeter wave radar array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first to fourth input ends of the millimeter wave radar chip interface are respectively connected to the input ends of the first, second, third and fourth receiving linear array antennas through four microstrip lines with equal length and 50 ohms; and the first to fourth output ends of the millimeter wave radar chip interface are respectively connected with the input ends of the first transmitting linear array antenna, the second transmitting linear array antenna, the third transmitting linear array antenna and the fourth transmitting linear array antenna through four 50-ohm microstrip lines with equal lengths.
3. The high-gain automotive millimeter wave radar array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first receiving linear array antenna, the second receiving linear array antenna, the third receiving linear array antenna, the fourth receiving linear array antenna, the transceiving isolating linear array antenna, the first transmitting linear array antenna, the second transmitting linear array antenna, the third transmitting linear array antenna and the fourth transmitting linear array antenna are all formed by eight angle-fed antenna elements; the input end of the angle-fed eight-element antenna is sequentially connected with microstrip line feed lines TL1, TL2, TL3, TL4, TL5, TL6, TL7 and TL8 from bottom to top in the vertical direction, and the input end of the angle-fed eight-element antenna is W0 mm wide and L0 mm long; the feeder lines TL1 to TL8 are far away from one end of the input end and are respectively connected with No. 1 to No. 8 rectangular patches, the No. 1, No. 3, No. 5 and No. 7 rectangular patches are arranged on the right side of the feeder line, the No. 2, No. 4, No. 6 and No. 8 rectangular patches are arranged on the left side of the feeder line, the rectangular patches are W mm wide and L mm long in size, and the feeding positions are fed in the 45-degree angle direction; the middle part of each rectangular patch is reserved with a welt rectangular slot, the dimensions of the welt rectangular slot are dW millimeter wide and dL millimeter long, meanwhile, the other side of the microstrip line of the feed end at the 45-degree angle of each rectangular patch is reserved with a reflection offset slot which is dJ millimeter wide and dH millimeter long, and the distance between the reflection offset slot and the feed end at the 45-degree angle of the rectangular patch is dG millimeter.
4. The high-gain automotive millimeter wave radar array antenna according to claim 1, wherein each antenna of the high-gain automotive millimeter wave radar array antenna has two modes in layout arrangement, and in the two modes, the first receiving linear array antenna, the second receiving linear array antenna, the third receiving linear array antenna, the fourth receiving linear array antenna, the transceiving isolation linear array antenna, the first transmitting linear array antenna, the second transmitting linear array antenna, the third transmitting linear array antenna and the fourth transmitting linear array antenna are sequentially arranged and distributed from top to bottom on a planar layout; in the first arrangement mode, the vertical spacing between adjacent antennas is respectively 0.5 λ, 1.5 λ, 0.5 λ and λ millimeters, and the input feeds of the second and third transmitting linear arrays are horizontally extended by 0.5 λ millimeters compared with the rest antennas; in the second arrangement mode, the vertical spacing between adjacent antennas is respectively 0.5 λ, 1.5 λ, 0.5 λ, and the input feed position of the second transmitting linear array antenna and the third transmitting linear array antenna is respectively extended by λ, 0.5 λ mm in the horizontal direction compared with the other antennas, wherein λ is the length of an electromagnetic wavelength of an operating frequency point.
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Cited By (4)
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CN113009474A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-22 | 北京算丰征途科技有限公司 | Large-range high-resolution millimeter wave radar antenna and system for detecting human body posture |
WO2022120701A1 (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2022-06-16 | 江苏康瑞新材料科技股份有限公司 | Anti-interference structure of millimeter-wave antenna |
CN114976612A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-30 | 长沙莫之比智能科技有限公司 | High-gain small-size millimeter wave array antenna and radar |
WO2022202453A1 (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-09-29 | 京セラ株式会社 | Electronic device |
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CN114976612B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2024-05-14 | 长沙莫之比智能科技有限公司 | High-gain small-size millimeter wave array antenna and radar |
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