CN109090474A - 一种即食型全麦脆片及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种即食型全麦脆片,所述全麦脆片的制备方法为:以完整小麦粒为原料,充分浸泡使小麦达到饱和吸水量,之后再进行蒸煮、挤压、压片、微波真空干燥,制得所述即食型全麦脆片。本发明加工过程中无人工添加剂加入,低温条件下挤压和干燥,符合当前“清洁标签”食品的趋势,同时将完整小麦粒加工成脆片,是真正意义上的全麦食品,符合当下的全谷物趋势。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及全谷物食品加工技术领域,尤其是涉及一种以小麦粒为原料经过双螺杆挤压和微波真空干燥技术制备即食型全麦脆片的方法。
背景技术
全谷物食品富含膳食纤维、抗性淀粉、寡糖、维生素、微量元素、酚类和植物雌激素比如木酚素、植物固醇等营养元素对某些疾病预防有重要作用。全谷物中的有益物质可以协同作用降低胆固醇、胰岛素和葡萄糖反应,降低血压,作为抗氧化剂,结合致癌物,减少结肠通过时间,降低心脏病,癌症和2型糖尿病的风险。抗性淀粉到达结肠后,被肠道菌群发酵分解成短链脂肪酸比如丁酸盐、醋酸盐等,这些物质和血清胆固醇的降低和癌症的患病率有很大关系。
目前,国内外全麦脆片产品的加工方式主要是以全麦粉为原料,通过烘焙、挤压膨化等方式来制作脆片,如美国亿滋的畅销全麦产品--焙朗早餐全麦饼干。目前市面上的全麦产品多为以小麦粉为基本原料,小麦粉的制备过程中不可避免的会造成营养成分的破坏,麦麸多在制粉时分离,同时在高温烘焙和挤压膨化高温条件下加工对小麦营养物质损失严重。
因此,开发一种新型高营养的即食全麦脆片的加工工艺,来符合目前的发展趋势。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的上述问题,本发明申请人提供了一种即食型全麦脆片及其制备方法。本发明方法所需的加工温度较低,较大程度保留了原料小麦的营养物质,同时利用微波真空干燥技术,设定合适的微波真空干燥参数,降低干燥温度和缩短干燥时间,增大挤出物的膨化特性。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种即食型全麦脆片,所述全麦脆片的制备方法为:以完整小麦粒为原料,充分浸泡使小麦达到饱和吸水量,之后再进行蒸煮、挤压、压片、微波真空干燥,制得所述即食型全麦脆片。
所述全麦脆片的具体制备过程为:
(1)浸泡,将完整的小麦粒完全没于水中,至小麦粒的水含量超过35wt%;
(2)蒸煮,将步骤(1)处理的小麦粒隔水蒸煮5-25min;
(3)挤压,将经过步骤(2)蒸煮的小麦粒趁热加入双螺杆挤压机中进行挤压处理,制得条状挤出物;
(4)压片,将步骤(3)所得的条状挤出物压成厚度为1mm,宽度为14.5cm的面片,并进一步切割成一定形状的面片;
(5)干燥,将步骤(4)制得的面片均匀平铺在托盘上,送入微波真空干燥机箱内,干燥10~30min,制得所述即食型全麦脆片。
步骤(3)中所述双螺杆挤压机五区套筒温度分别为65℃、70-110℃、70-110℃、60℃、60℃,挤压转速为60-100r/min。
步骤(4)中所述面片的形状为正方形、长方形、圆形或三角形。
步骤(5)中所述微波真空干燥的功率为500W,干燥温度为45℃。
一种即食型全麦脆片的应用,所述全麦脆片的表面均匀喷洒25wt%的调味品,用于制备多种风味的即食型脆片。
所述调味品为辣椒粉、番茄粉、胡椒粉、海苔粉中的一种或多种。
一种含有即食型全麦脆片的营养脆片,所述营养脆片含有即食全麦脆片外,还含有水果干肉、奶油或其他常用营养配料。
本发明有益的技术效果在于:
本发明通过挤压蒸煮小麦和微波真空干燥技术制作即食型全麦脆片的加工方法与现有技术相比有明显的优点:①本发明的工艺省去磨粉,直接将浸泡蒸煮过的小麦粒进行挤压;②蒸煮小麦的工艺下使得原料小麦在此工序中进行一定的糊化,降低在后续挤压过程中的挤压温度,降低能耗;③小麦粒无需经过高温的挤压膨化来制得挤出物干燥后制得脆片,低挤压温度制得的挤压物经微波真空干燥后可得即食型脆片,食用方便。
本发明降低了原料的加工成本,解决了目前全麦脆片加工温度高的问题,实现在较低温度下挤压,在低温短时间干燥,制得具有明显膨化效应的即食型全麦脆片。
本发明将充分浸泡过的小麦粒蒸煮后进入挤压机,在挤压机的低温剪切作用下实现对小麦粒的混合、糊化以及再塑型作用,挤出物压片后,在合适的真空微波干燥条件下处理得到有明显膨化效应的即食型全麦脆片,本发明通过在低挤压温度下使小麦粒糊化成型,保持住小麦本身大部分营养物质。
本发明加工过程中无人工添加剂加入,低温条件下挤压和干燥,符合当前“清洁标签”食品的趋势,同时将完整小麦粒加工成脆片,是真正意义上的全麦食品,符合当下的全谷物趋势。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1所得全麦脆片的TA-XT.Plus物性分析图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例,对本发明进行具体描述。
实施例1
一种即食型全麦脆片,其制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)浸泡,室温24℃下将完整的小麦粒完全没于水中,至小麦粒的水含量为35wt%;
(2)蒸煮,将步骤(1)处理的小麦粒隔水蒸煮10min;
(3)挤压,将经过步骤(2)蒸煮的小麦粒趁热加入双螺杆挤压机(进料速度11kg/h,模头外直径为1.5mm,螺杆转速为70r/min;双螺杆挤压机套筒内四区温度设定分别为:65℃、90℃、90℃、60℃、60℃)中进行挤压处理,制得条状挤出物;
(4)压片,将步骤(3)所得的条状挤出物压成厚度为1mm,宽度为14.5cm的面片,并进一步切割成边长1.8cm的正方形面片;
(5)干燥,将步骤(4)制得的正方形面片均匀平铺在托盘上,送入微波真空干燥机箱体内,在干燥温度为45℃,干燥功率为500w的条件下,干燥15min,制得原味即食型全麦脆片。
将上述制得的即食型全麦脆片采用TA-XT.Plus物性分析仪进行脆性和硬度测定,测试结果如图1所示,曲线上最大正峰处所对应的力值表示硬度,正峰的个数表示脆性。由图1可以看出,本发明即食型脆片的脆性为14,硬度为1.24g,脆片脆性较好,硬度较小。
实施例2
一种即食型全麦脆片,其制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)浸泡,室温24℃下将完整的小麦粒完全没于水中,至小麦粒的水含量为40wt%;
(2)蒸煮,将步骤(1)处理的小麦粒隔水蒸煮5min;
(3)挤压,将经过步骤(2)蒸煮的小麦粒趁热加入双螺杆挤压机(进料速度11kg/h,模头外直径为1.5mm,螺杆转速为60r/min;双螺杆挤压机套筒内四区温度设定分别为:65℃、70℃、70℃、60℃、60℃)中进行挤压处理,制得条状挤出物;
(4)压片,将步骤(3)所得的条状挤出物压成厚度为1mm,宽度为14.5cm的面片,并进一步切割成边长3.0cm的正方形面片;
(5)干燥,将步骤(4)制得的正方形面片均匀平铺在托盘上,送入微波真空干燥机箱体内,在干燥温度为45℃,干燥功率为500w的条件下,干燥30min,制得原味即食型全麦脆片;
(6)调味:按全麦脆片重量的25%,添加番茄味调味粉,将其均匀喷洒在步骤(5)所得的全麦脆片上,制得番茄味即食型全麦脆片。
实施例3
一种即食型全麦脆片,其制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)浸泡,室温24℃下将完整的小麦粒完全没于水中,至小麦粒的水含量为37wt%;
(2)蒸煮,将步骤(1)处理的小麦粒隔水蒸煮25min;
(3)挤压,将经过步骤(2)蒸煮的小麦粒趁热加入双螺杆挤压机(进料速度11kg/h,模头外直径为1.5mm,螺杆转速为100r/min;双螺杆挤压机套筒内四区温度设定分别为:65℃、110℃、110℃、60℃、60℃)中进行挤压处理,制得条状挤出物;
(4)压片,将步骤(3)所得的条状挤出物压成厚度为1mm,宽度为14.5cm的面片,并进一步切割成边长3.0cm的正方形面片;
(5)干燥,将步骤(4)制得的正方形面片均匀平铺在托盘上,送入微波真空干燥机箱体内,在干燥温度为45℃,干燥功率为500w的条件下,干燥10min,制得原味即食型全麦脆片;
(6)调味:按全麦脆片重量的25%添加辣味调味粉,将其均匀喷洒在步骤(5)制得的即食型全麦脆片上,得到辣味即食型全麦脆片。
Claims (8)
1.一种即食型全麦脆片,其特征在于,所述全麦脆片的制备方法为:以完整小麦粒为原料,充分浸泡使小麦达到饱和吸水量,之后再进行蒸煮、挤压、压片、微波真空干燥,制得所述即食型全麦脆片。
2.根据权利要求1所述的全麦脆片,其特征在于,所述全麦脆片的具体制备过程为:
(1)浸泡,将完整的小麦粒完全没于水中,至小麦粒的水含量超过35wt%;
(2)蒸煮,将步骤(1)处理的小麦粒隔水蒸煮5-25min;
(3)挤压,将经过步骤(2)蒸煮的小麦粒趁热加入双螺杆挤压机中进行挤压处理,制得条状挤出物;
(4)压片,将步骤(3)所得的条状挤出物压成厚度为1mm,宽度为14.5cm的面片,并进一步切割成一定形状的面片;
(5)干燥,将步骤(4)制得的面片均匀平铺在托盘上,送入微波真空干燥机箱内,干燥10~30min,制得所述即食型全麦脆片。
3.根据权利要求2所述的全麦脆片,其特征在于,步骤(3)中所述双螺杆挤压机五区套筒温度分别为65℃、70-110℃、70-110℃、60℃、60℃,挤压转速为60-100r/min。
4.根据权利要求2所述的全麦脆片,其特征在于,步骤(4)中所述面片的形状为正方形、长方形、圆形或三角形。
5.根据权利要求2所述的全麦脆片,其特征在于,步骤(5)中所述微波真空干燥的功率为500W,干燥温度为45℃。
6.一种权利要求1所述即食型全麦脆片的应用,其特征在于,所述全麦脆片的表面均匀喷洒25wt%的调味品,用于制备多种风味的即食型脆片。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述调味品为辣椒粉、番茄粉、胡椒粉、海苔粉中的一种或多种。
8.一种含有权利要求1所述即食型全麦脆片的营养脆片,其特征在于,所述营养脆片含有即食全麦脆片外,还含有水果干肉、奶油或其他常用营养配料。
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