CN109089669B

CN109089669B - Method for trapping and killing bactrocera minax imagoes

Info

Publication number: CN109089669B
Application number: CN201810946610.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖伏莲; 刘慧�; 龚碧涯
Original assignee: Hunan Institute Of Horticulture
Current assignee: Hunan Institute Of Horticulture
Priority date: 2018-08-20
Filing date: 2018-08-20
Publication date: 2023-03-14
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-20
Also published as: CN109089669A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for trapping and killing bactrocera minax imagoes, which comprises the steps of placing trapping and killing balls on citrus trees, and placing trapping cores in the trapping and killing balls or around the trapping and killing balls; the outer surface of the trapping and killing ball is distributed with a yellow area and a green area, the yellow area and the green area are respectively distributed on two sides of the ball body, and a yellow-green gradual change area is arranged between the yellow area and the green area. The invention can combine the yellow-green two-color trapping and killing ball with the trapping core, obviously improves the trapping and killing effect, simultaneously can reduce and avoid chemical prevention and control, has no pollution, accords with the green prevention and control principle of plant diseases and insect pests, and has simple and convenient operation.

Description

Method for trapping and killing bactrocera minax imagoes

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for trapping and killing bactrocera minax imagoes, in particular to a method for trapping and killing bactrocera minax imagoes by combining plant information substances and viscose trapping and killing balls.

Background

Bactrocera minax (Enderlein) belongs to diptera, bactroceraceae and Drosophila, and is mainly used for eating fruit pulp in citrus fruits by larvae to cause the fruits to be unripe and yellow first, fall off in advance and lose edible value, and when the fruits fall off completely in serious conditions, the yield and quality of the fruits are seriously influenced. The citrus fruit fly has high risk, no remedial measure is provided after the adult flies lay eggs and enter fruits, and the most effective control method is an adult trapping and killing technology which mainly comprises trapping and killing by a trapping agent and physical trapping and killing.

At present, the most commonly used trapping agent is a food trapping agent which is prepared by utilizing that the bactrocera minax imagoes need to supplement nutrition, is a non-specific attractant and has no specificity, mainly comprises sugar-vinegar wine, hydrolyzed protein and vegetable protein, the formula is also prepared by mixing simple sugar-wine vinegar according to different proportions, orange juice and orange peel essential oil are compounded into the sugar-wine vinegar formula at first by Zhao Zhimo and the like (2006), and the invention provides an improved sugar-vinegar formula which is a better food trapping agent for early preventing and controlling the bactrocera minax; later, niu Changying et al (2010) obtained a protein bait by adding zymolytic protein, zhang Hongyu et al (2013) also found hansenula anomala as an attractant for bactrocera minax. Sex pheromone is used as a high-efficiency attractant component, lu Xuegong and the like (1998) extract a sex pheromone crude extract of Bactrocera minax adult, xia Zhongying extracts sex pheromone which is identified as 2,6-di-tert-butyl p-cresol, zhou Qiong also researches and discovers the component undecanol of sex pheromone secreted by female adult, zhang Hong collects volatile substances released by the Bactrocera minax adult through headspace adsorption, and R- (+) -limonene is separated, but no report is made about the plant-derived attractant of Bactrocera minax. The plant volatile matter can guide phytophagous pests to eat, lay eggs, find couples, find suitable habitat and the like, and the attraction of the bactrocera minax imagoes by the plant volatile matter is another way for developing attraction products.

Insects generally have phototaxis, bactrocera minax is no exception, long tassel of cattle and the like (2011) disclose a yellow-green trap and kill ball with the diameter of 14cm, the research team (2014) contrasts the trap and kill balls with different diameters and colors, the trap and kill balls with the diameter of 7cm are researched and developed, a novel bactrocera minax trap and kill combined device is disclosed, but Wu Pengzhi and the like (2017) find that the trap and kill effect on the bactrocera minax imagoes is the best in yellow color no matter the trap and kill balls are sticky plates or bionic balls, and the trap and number of the yellow plates is the most. The research team further carries out deep research on a patent (a novel bactrocera minax trapping and killing combination device) and explores an adult trapping and killing ball with better trapping and killing effect.

The trapping and killing balls can be combined with the trapping cores to improve the using effect of the trapping and killing balls, jiang Yingchun and other inventions disclosed for the first time combine the trapping cores with the trapping and killing balls to trap adult citrus fruit flies together, but the trapping cores are poor in effect and cannot be applied and popularized, mo Bocheng and other disclosed active balls for adult citrus fruit flies are combined with Zhang Hongyu limonene and Zhou Qiong undecanol and are applied to control adult citrus fruit flies, and the problem group verifies that the control effect of the active balls is not significantly different from that of the trapping and killing balls which are used singly. The subject group combines the newly invented plant essential oil attractant with the trapping ball through many years of intensive research, designs a new trapping ball color and an application method, is used for preventing and controlling bactrocera minax imagoes, and can obviously improve the trapping effect.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the trapping problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for trapping and killing bactrocera minax imagoes and designs novel bactrocera minax imagoes trapping and killing balls.

The technical scheme of the invention is that the method for trapping and killing the adult citrus fruit flies is provided, the trapping and killing balls are placed on citrus trees, and the trapping cores are placed in the trapping and killing balls or around the trapping and killing balls; the outer surface of the trapping and killing ball is distributed with a yellow area and a green area, the yellow area and the green area are respectively distributed on two sides of the ball body, and a yellow-green gradual change area is arranged between the yellow area and the green area.

The trapping and killing ball is a yellow-green two-color trapping and killing ball and is made of hollow or solid plastic balls, and the manufacturing material can be polyethylene, polypropylene or expandable polystyrene plastic.

Preferably, the killing ball is a plastic ball with the diameter of 5-10cm, and more preferably a plastic ball with the diameter of 7 +/-0.5 cm.

The yellow-green two-color trapping and killing ball has the advantages that the ball body is yellow-green two colors, the two colors respectively account for half or the green color is slightly more than the yellow color on the same trapping and killing ball, the yellow color of the trapping and killing ball can be arranged on the lower part or the upper part of the ball body or on the side edge of the ball body, and an obvious two-color gradual change interval is formed between the yellow color and the green color.

Preferably, the green area accounts for 50-60% (area ratio) of the outer surface of the killing ball.

Preferably, the RGB value range of the green area is (10-70, 140-190, 10-70), and the RGB value range of the yellow area is (150-230, 150-230, 50-80).

The production method of the yellow-green two-color killing trap ball can be that yellow pigment is sprayed on a green plastic ball, or green pigment is sprayed on the yellow plastic ball, hot melt pressure sensitive adhesive is coated on the yellow plastic ball, and the yellow plastic ball is wrapped by release paper for standby.

Preferably, the surface of the killing trapping ball is provided with adhesive.

Preferably, the adhesive is a hot melt pressure sensitive adhesive.

The lure comprises eucalyptus citriodora essential oil, a solvent and a lure carrier.

Preferably, the solvent is liquid paraffin oil.

Preferably, a non-woven cotton sheet is used as a carrier for the lure.

The eucalyptus citriodora essential oil lure is prepared by diluting the eucalyptus citriodora essential oil into 10% concentration liquid paraffin oil and using a non-woven cotton sheet with the radius of 1.5cm as a carrier.

Preferably, 1 part of eucalyptus citriodora essential oil is dissolved in 6-20 parts of solvent according to volume ratio to prepare the eucalyptus citriodora essential oil.

The lure comprises eucalyptus citriodora essential oil. The method for trapping and killing the adult bactrocera minax by using the eucalyptus citriodora essential oil trapping core and the yellow-green gradient trapping and killing ball (yellow-green two-color trapping and killing ball for short, the yellow-green two-color trapping and killing ball cannot be clearly shown by a black and white figure) in a combined manner. The trapping and killing ball obtained by the invention can obviously improve the trapping and killing effect of the bactrocera minax imagoes and is pollution-free.

The application method of the yellow-green two-color trapping and killing ball comprises the steps of placing the eucalyptus citriodora essential oil trapping core in or above or around the yellow-green two-color trapping and killing ball, hanging the yellow-green two-color trapping core at the middle upper part of the bore of a citrus tree in the full eclosion period of the citrus fruit flies, hanging 10-50 yellow-green two-color trapping and killing balls according to the emergence conditions of the citrus fruit flies in the last year, and replacing the yellow-green two-color trapping and killing ball after the yellow-green two-color trapping and killing ball is full of insects.

The method is realized by the following steps:

(1) The test materials were selected from commercially available tangerine essential oil, bitter orange leaf essential oil, neroli essential oil, gardenia essential oil, eucalyptus citriodora essential oil, peppermint essential oil, lemon grass essential oil, limonene, linalool, and myrcene.

(2) Diluting the essential oil with liquid paraffin oil, mixing the essential oil and liquid paraffin oil at a ratio of 1: 9, and selecting the eucalyptus citriodora essential oil with the strongest attractant activity for adult bactrocera minax by Y-type olfaction measurement.

(3) The trapping core and the green trapping and killing ball with the diameter of 7cm are combined and applied in the field, the influence of the trapping core on the trapping and killing effect of the bactrocera minax imagoes is tested, and the result shows that the eucalyptus citriodora essential oil can improve the trapping and killing effect of the trapping and killing ball on the bactrocera minax imagoes, and the comprehensive synergy reaches 31.78%.

(4) The combined use of the yellow board and the green trapping and killing ball with the diameter of 7cm, which is discovered in the earlier stage of the subject group, can improve the trapping and killing effect of the yellow board on the bactrocera minax imagoes, and further designs the yellow-green two-color trapping and killing ball with the diameter of 7cm, compared with the yellow trapping and killing ball and the green trapping and killing ball with the diameter of 7cm, through 2 years of field experiments, the result shows that the trapping and killing amount of the yellow-green two-color gradually-changed trapping and killing ball is obviously higher than that of the green ball and the yellow ball.

(5) And in the full eclosion period of the bactrocera minax adults, combining the yellow-green two-color trapping and killing ball with the eucalyptus citriodora essential oil trapping core in a field for verification to obtain the novel yellow-green two-color trapping and killing ball.

(6) The novel yellow-green two-color trapping and killing ball is applied to different areas to control bactrocera minax imagoes, and the method for trapping and killing the bactrocera minax imagoes is obtained.

The invention has the advantages that: the yellow-green two-color trapping and killing balls are adopted to trap and kill the citrus fruit fly adults, the trapping effect is obviously higher than that of the patent products applied by the team in 2014 and 2016, the yellow-green two-color trapping and killing balls and the trapping core can be combined, the trapping and killing effect is obviously improved, meanwhile, chemical control can be reduced, no pollution is caused, the green pest and disease prevention and control principle is met, and the operation is simple and convenient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the trapping number of different Yan Seyou ball killers and fruit rist on Bactrocera minax adults (2017, hong Jiangshi).

Fig. 2 shows the trapping amount of Bactrocera minax on the trapping and killing ball with different colors (2018, shaoyang county).

Detailed Description

The invention is further explained by combining the drawings and the embodiment.

Example 1

In order to discuss the influence of plant odor on the behavior of the Bactrocera minax adults in an orange garden system, orange leaves, flowers and fruits are used as odor sources, common plant gardenia in an orchard is selected, plant essential oil is selected for unifying the types of the odor sources, the concentration of the essential oil is adjusted to 10% by using liquid paraffin, and the Y-type olfactometer is used for carrying out olfaction reaction on the Bactrocera minax adults. In order to widen the selection range, plant types reported to have an effect of avoiding insects are further selected, materials such as orange essential oil, orange leaf essential oil, orange flower essential oil, gardenia essential oil, eucalyptus citriodora essential oil, mentha haplocalyx essential oil, wormwood essential oil, grapefruit essential oil, limonene, linalool, myrcene and the like are selected in total, the obtained results are shown in table 1, and the eucalyptus citriodora essential oil with a good olfaction effect on adult citrus fruit flies is obtained.

TABLE 1 tendency response rates of Bactrocera minax adults on different essential oils

Diluting the eucalyptus citriodora essential oil with liquid paraffin oil to 10% concentration, preparing a lure by using a non-woven cotton sheet with the radius of 1.5cm as a carrier, adding 5ml of diluted eucalyptus citriodora essential oil into each non-woven cotton sheet, and covering a plastic film on the non-woven cotton to slow down the release speed of the eucalyptus citriodora essential oil. In the last ten days of 6 months, the trapping cores are placed in green trapping and killing balls with the diameter of 7cm, CK is green trapping and killing balls with the diameter of 7cm (hereinafter collectively referred to as trapping and killing balls) without the trapping cores, odor release holes are formed in the bottoms of the trapping and killing balls, the trapping and killing balls are hung on citrus trees in the field, 4 blocks are arranged for each treatment, 5 blocks are arranged in each block for repeating, the number of bactrocera minax adults on the trapping and killing balls with the trapping cores and without the trapping cores is observed after 2 weeks, the number of the bactrocera minax adults on the trapping and killing balls with the trapping cores is obviously higher than that of the bactrocera minax adults on the trapping and killing balls without the trapping cores, the trapping and killing effect of the trapping and killing balls can be improved by about 31% by utilizing the lemon essential oil, and the result verifies that the lemon essential oil has obvious trapping and killing effect on the bactrocera minax (the specific result is shown in attached table 2).

TABLE 2 comparison of the synergistic effect of Eucalyptus citriodora essential oil lure on a 7cm diameter green lure

Note: the data in the table are the number of bactrocera minax on the trapping and killing balls, wherein treatment 1 is core trapping + 7cm diameter green trapping and killing balls, and treatment 2 is CK (i.e. 7cm diameter green trapping and killing balls), and each block is the total amount of the 5 trapping and killing balls.

In order to further improve the trapping and killing effect of the trapping and killing ball, the bactrocera minax trapping and killing combination device disclosed by the applicant in the earlier stage is improved, a novel yellow-green two-color trapping and killing ball is developed, and effect evaluation is respectively carried out in 2017 and 2018. In the 5 th month of 2017, in the full-fleshed period of bactrocera minax adults, the yellow balls, the yellow-green balls, the green balls and the fruiter are hung on the same citrus tree in Hongjiang city, 20 times of repetition are set, the trapping and killing quantity of the 3 trapping and killing balls and the fruiter are investigated at intervals of 4d, the corresponding trapping and killing balls and fruiter are replaced, and the trapping and killing effect of the yellow-green balls is found to be optimal (specifically shown in figure 1).

In the 5 th month of 2018, in the emergence period of the bactrocera minax imago, yellow balls, yellow-green balls and green balls are hung on the same citrus tree in Shaoyang county, 15 repetitions are set, the trapping and killing quantity of 3 trapping and killing balls is investigated every 10 days, 1 trapping and killing ball is replaced every 10 days, and the result further proves that the trapping and killing effect of the yellow-green balls is remarkably higher than that of the green balls and the yellow balls, the trapping and killing effect of the prophase Huang Seqiu is higher than that of the green balls, and the trapping and killing effect of the anaphase green balls is higher than that of the yellow balls (see fig. 2 specifically).

For verifying the insect trapping effect of the eucalyptus citriodora trapping core + 7 cm-diameter yellow-green two-color trapping and killing balls (hereinafter collectively referred to as novel trapping and killing balls), 15 mu of a strip-shaped abandoned orange garden is selected in 6 months and 2 days in 2018, the main cultivar is Neholl navel orange, the citrus fruit flies in the garden are serious, the garden is divided into 6 blocks, each block is provided with 6 processing novel trapping and killing balls and 6 trapping balls, and the citrus fruit flies are hung in the upper open position in the inner chamber of a citrus tree. The result is found after 2 weeks, the average number of the male citrus fruit fly adults on the novel trapping and killing ball is 18.9, the average number of the female citrus fruit fly adults on the novel trapping and killing ball is 6.5, the average number of the male citrus fruit fly adults on the novel trapping and killing ball is 12.3, the average number of the female citrus fruit fly adults on the novel trapping and killing ball is 4.2, and the trapping and killing effect of the novel trapping and killing ball is improved by 53.94%.

Example 2

In 2018, 30 days in 5 months, a citrus fruit fly is selected from a citrus orchard in Shaoyang county and is serious, the area is 20 mu, the variety is Newhall navel orange, 200 trees are randomly selected, 100 trees are randomly selected to hang novel trapping and killing balls, the other 100 trees are hung trapping and killing balls, each tree is hung with 1 trapping and killing ball in the middle-upper open position of the inner bore of the citrus tree, a result is found after 2 weeks, the average number of citrus fruit fly adults on each novel trapping and killing ball is 10.0, the average number of female adults on each novel trapping and killing ball is 8.6, the average number of citrus fruit fly male adults on the corresponding trapping and killing ball is 7.1, the average number of female adults on the corresponding trapping and killing ball is 4.8, and the trapping and killing effect of the novel trapping and killing ball is improved by 56.3%.

Embodiment 3

6 months 2 days in 2018, select a slice of dacus citriodora to take place serious citrus orchard in Luxi county, the area is 100 mu, the variety is ponkan mandarin, divide into 6 districts with the citrus orchard, wherein 3 districts adopt novel luring to kill the ball, 3 districts adopt luring to kill the ball in addition, every district hangs 12 novel luring to kill the ball or lures to kill the ball in the empty department in citrus tree inner chamber upper portion, 2 weeks later find the result, the last on every novel luring to kill the ball oranges and big fruit fly male adult average quantity is 9.6, female adult average quantity is 7.9, and the last oranges and big fruit fly male adult average quantity of corresponding luring to kill the ball is 6.5, female adult average quantity is 5.2, the luring and killing effect of novel luring to kill the ball has improved 45.6.

Claims

1. A method for trapping and killing bactrocera minax imagoes is characterized in that trapping and killing balls are placed on citrus trees, and trapping cores are placed in the trapping and killing balls or around the trapping and killing balls; a yellow area and a green area are distributed on the outer surface of the trapping and killing ball, the yellow area and the green area are respectively distributed on two sides of the ball body, and a yellow-green gradual change area is arranged between the yellow area and the green area; the lure comprises eucalyptus citriodora essential oil; diluting the eucalyptus citriodora essential oil to 10% concentration with liquid paraffin oil, using non-woven cotton piece with radius of 1.5cm as carrier to make into lure, adding 5ml diluted eucalyptus citriodora essential oil into each non-woven cotton piece, covering plastic film on the non-woven cotton to slow down the release speed of the eucalyptus citriodora essential oil; the green area on the outer surface of the trapping and killing ball accounts for 50-60%;

the trapping and killing ball is a plastic ball with the diameter of 5-10 cm.

2. The method for trapping and killing bactrocera minax adults as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surface of the trapping and killing ball is provided with adhesive.

3. The method for trapping and killing bactrocera minax adults as claimed in claim 2, wherein the adhesive is a hot-melt pressure-sensitive adhesive.

4. The method for trapping and killing citrus fruit fly adults as claimed in claim 1, wherein 10-50 trapping and killing balls are hung on each acre of citrus tree.

5. The method for trapping and killing bactrocera minax adults as claimed in claim 1, wherein the RGB value range of the yellow area is (150-230, 150-230, 50-80), and the RGB value range of the green area is (10-70, 140-190, 10-70).