CN109078150B - 一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于药物制剂领域,具体涉及一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物及其制备方法和应用。该治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物,所述组合物由主药和辅料制成,所述主药按照重量计算由以下组份组成:黄芪10‑20份、生地黄10‑20份、山萸肉3‑8份、山药6‑10份、莪术8‑12份、益母草3‑8份、丹参2‑5份、大黄2‑5份,所述辅料为β‑环糊精和固体制剂辅料,所述β‑环糊精用于包合莪术挥发油以形成莪术油β‑环糊精包合物,所述莪术挥发油是用所述莪术提取得到的;本发明所提供的制备该制剂的方法提高了产品的质量并易于工业化生产;所得制剂符合用药标准,且有较好的降血糖作用,并能改善小鼠心肝肾功能、脂质代谢异常和视网膜微血管瘤病变。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物制剂领域,具体涉及一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
“滋膵饮”来自清代张锡纯的《医学衷中参西录》,组方为生箭芪(五钱)、大生地(一两)、生怀山药(一两)、净萸肉(五钱)、生猪胰子(切碎,三钱),可滋补膵脏,益脾固肾,主治消渴症。
糖尿病是一组由遗传和环境因素相互作用而引起的临床综合征,属于中医“消渴”病范畴。糖尿病肾病(dia-betic nephropathy,DN)又称肾小球硬化症,是糖尿病最严重、最常见的微血管并发症之一。早期发现、及时干预治疗可以改善健康状况,延长糖尿病患者的生存期。“滋膵饮”方中以黄芪为君药,其能助脾气上升,使脾气旺而阴自升,为滋脾助运之良药。生地黄既能助肾中之真阴,又能协同山萸肉以封固肾关。在消渴证的用药上,张氏玉女煎及滋膵饮中均用山药,称山药为补脾固肾、润肺生津之品,药性平和,补而不滞,上能养肺,中能补脾,下则益肾,涩精缩尿。生地黄、山萸肉及淮山补肾中之真阴,上润肺阴,下固肾关,共为臣药。
现在中医认为,滋膵饮原配方中加入猪胰子主要是因为古人已认识到糖尿病与胰腺息息相关,因此采用了以形补形的方法加入了猪胰子,而猪胰子本身的质量不便于控制,所以本发明的配方中去除了猪胰子这一组分。且滋膵饮原配方缺乏活血通络,治疗下消症的组分。因此,因久病入络,为了使全方既具有滋阴益气又具有活血通络的作用,故在“滋膵饮”的基础上加入莪术、丹参及大黄活血化瘀、通络,益母草活血利尿,此四味为佐使药,本发明的中药组合物可以达到治疗下消症,糖尿病及糖尿病相关并发症之目的。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的之一在于提供一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物。
为了实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案为:
一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物,由主药和辅料制成,所述主药按照重量计算由以下组份组成:黄芪10-20份、生地黄10-20份、山萸肉3-8份、山药6-10份、莪术8-12份、益母草3-8份、丹参2-5份、大黄2-5份,所述辅料为β-环糊精和固体制剂辅料,所述β-环糊精用于包合莪术挥发油以形成莪术油β-环糊精包合物,所述莪术挥发油是用所述莪术提取得到的。
优选的,所述组合物按照重量计算由以下组份组成:黄芪15±0.5份、生地黄10±0.3份、山萸肉5±0.2份、山药8±0.4份、莪术10±0.5份、益母草5±0.3份、丹参4±0.2份、大黄4±0.2份。
进一步的,所述固体制剂辅料包括羧甲基淀粉钠、羟丙基纤维素、微粉硅胶、硬脂酸镁。
本发明的目的之二在于提供了制备一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物制剂的方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案为:
所述一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物的制备方法如以下步骤:
1)莪术挥发油的提取和包合:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取莪术挥发油后使用β-环糊精进行包合得到莪术油β-环糊精包合物;
2)提取物B的提取:将步骤1)中所述莪术提取挥发油后的药渣与山萸肉和丹参混合经乙醇浸泡,加热回流,加入溶媒经滤过、纯化后提取得到提取物B;
3)提取物A的提取:将步骤2)的所述提取物B与黄芪、生地黄、山药、益母草、大黄混合、粉碎、隔膜压滤提取、浓缩至清膏后加水搅拌、离心,再超滤浓缩至稠膏,最后干燥过筛,得到提取物A;
4)将步骤1-3中所述的莪术油β-环糊精包合物、提取物B、提取物A混合粉碎后加入制剂辅料便得到所述的中药制剂。
优选的,步骤1中所述莪术挥发油与β-环糊精包合的质量比为1:5。
优选的,步骤1中所述包合的方法为饱和水溶液法。
优选的,步骤1中所述包合的温度为50℃,所述包合的时间为1小时。
优选的,步骤3中药材需粉碎至0.5mm,所述清膏的相对密度为1.20-1.25,温度为50℃。
优选的,步骤3中所述稠膏的密度为1.30,温度为60~70℃,所述干燥方式为真空带式干燥。
优选的,步骤3中所述过筛所用筛子的规格为100目筛。
本发明的目的之三在于提供了一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物的制剂。
为了实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案为:
一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物的制剂为口服制剂中的任一种或多种。
本发明的目的之四在于提供了一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物的应用。
为了实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案为:
一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物在制备降血糖药物中的应用。
进一步的,所述组合物在制备治疗糖尿病肾病药物中的应用。
进一步的,所述组合物在制备增加糖尿病患者葡萄糖耐量药物中的应用。
进一步的,所述组合物在制备改善糖尿病患者脂质代谢异常药物中的应用。
进一步的,所述组合物在制备改善糖尿病患者视网膜微血管病变药物中的应用。
进一步的,所述组合物在制备改善糖尿病患者心肌病变药物中的应用。
本发明的有益效果在于:一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物,本发明提供了一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物,所述组合物由主药和辅料制成,所述主药在“滋膵饮”的基础上去掉猪胰子,加入莪术、益母草、丹参、大黄,使得所述不仅具有滋补膵脏,益脾固肾的功效还具有活血通络的作用。
除此以外,本发明还提供了一种所述制剂的制备方法,该制备方法提高了产品的质量并易于工业化生产,所得制剂符合用药标准,动物实验证明本发明具有较好的降血糖作用,并能改善小鼠心肝肾功能、脂质代谢异常和视网膜微血管瘤病变。
附图说明
附图1为一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物的制备工艺流程。
具体实施方式
所举实施例是为了更好地对本发明进行说明,但并不是本发明的内容仅局限于所举实施例。所以熟悉本领域的技术人员根据上述发明内容对实施方案进行非本质的改进和调整,仍属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1一种治疗糖尿病的中药组合物配方
配方A(按重量份计):黄芪10份、生地黄10份、山萸肉3份、山药6份、莪术8份、益母草3份、丹参2份、大黄2份。
配方B(按重量份计):黄芪15份、生地黄10份、山萸肉5份、山药8份、莪术10份、益母草5份、丹参4份、大黄4份。
配方C(按重量份计):黄芪17份、生地黄17份、山萸肉6份、山药9份、莪术11份、益母草6份、丹参3份、大黄3份。
配方D(按重量份计):黄芪20份、生地黄20份、山萸肉8份、山药10份、莪术12份、益母草8份、丹参5份、大黄5份。
实施例2制备莪术油β-环糊精包合物
莪术挥发油提取:莪术药材加8倍量水提取6小时,收集挥发油。
莪术挥发油用β-环糊精包合,采用饱和水溶液法,油与β-环糊精的比例为1:5,包合温度50℃,时间为1小时,得到莪术油β-环糊精包合物。
实施例3一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物的制备方法(如附图1所示)
1)将莪术提取挥发油后的药渣与山萸肉、丹参混合采用70%乙醇浸泡0.5小时,加热回流2次,加溶媒量为8、6倍,分别提取2小时、1.5小时;
2)将步骤1中提取得到的提取液滤过,滤液浓缩至相对密度1.20或1.23(50℃)的清膏,清膏加入适量的水至每m1含生药量lg,搅拌均匀,滤过,滤液冷藏12小时,离心(5000r/min),上清液用分子量截留值为30K的超滤膜超滤(室温,0.05MPa),收集1.25倍于原体积的超滤液,超滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.30(60~70℃)以上的稠膏,真空带式干燥(浸膏进料速率100ml/min,输送带速率5cm/min,加热系统温度80℃),过100目筛,得提取物B;
3)将步骤1中提取后的药渣与黄芪、生地黄、山药、益母草、大黄混合,将药材粉碎至0.5mm,加8倍量水,隔膜压滤提取3次,每次30min,合并提取液,滤过,滤液浓缩至相对密度1.22或1.25(50℃)的清膏,清膏加入适量的水至每m1含生药量lg,搅拌均匀,滤过,滤液冷藏12小时,离心(5000r/min),上清液用分子量截留值为30K的超滤膜超滤(室温,0.05MPa),收集1.25倍于原体积的超滤液,超滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.30(60~70℃)以上的稠膏,真空带式干燥(浸膏进料速率100ml/min,输送带速率5cm/min,加热系统温度80℃),过100目筛,得提取物A;
4)将提取物A和提取物B混合后粉碎,加入莪术油β-环糊精包合物、羧甲基淀粉钠、羟丙基纤维素、微粉硅胶、硬脂酸镁混合均匀后,填充胶囊,即得到本发明的治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物。
以下实施例将上述实施例1的四个配方各自所制备的组合物胶囊制剂简称为JWZCY,将实验用小鼠分为7个组:空白对照组(无造模无用药)、模型组小鼠(自发性糖尿病模型)、JWZCY 320mg/kg(用药组)、JWZCY 160mg/kg、JWZCY 80mg/kg、拜唐苹25mg/kg组和胰岛素10U/kg组。在试验过程中未出现造成研究偏离试验方案的异常情况。
实施例4一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的组合物的胶囊制剂的疗效研究
1.JWZCY对db/db小鼠空腹血糖的影响
与空白对照组比较,模型组小鼠血糖值随时间延长逐渐增加。与模型组比较,JWZCY(320、160和80mg/kg)组小鼠血糖值随给药时间延长逐渐下降。JWZCY(320和160mg/kg)组给药1周后小鼠的空腹血糖值显著下降(P<0.01)。JWZCY高剂量(320mg/kg)组降血糖效果与拜唐苹(25mg/kg)组相当。JWZCY组低剂量(80mg/kg)组在给药1-3周时空腹血糖值有下降趋势,但无统计学差异(P>0.05),但在给药4周后能够显著降低空腹血糖值(P<0.01)。在给药9周后,SHPX(P 320、160和80mg/kg)组小鼠血糖值稳定在16mmol/L水平,详见表1。
表1 JWZCY对db/db小鼠血糖的影响(mmol/L,X±SD,n=10)
##,P<0.01,与空白对照组比较;**,P<0.01,与模型组比较。
上述试验结果表明,JWZCY(80、160和320mg/kg)具有较好的降血糖作用,JWZCY组剂量越高,降低空腹血糖水平越强,存在明显的量效关系。随给药时间延长,三个实验组血糖水平降低至一个水平。JWZCY(80、160和320mg/kg)对db/db小鼠体型和体重无显著性改变,而JWZCY可改善db/db小鼠多饮多食现象。
2.JWZCY对db/db小鼠葡萄糖耐量的影响
与空白对照组比较,模型组小鼠血糖-时间曲线下面积(AUC)显著增加(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,拜唐苹(25mg/kg)组、胰岛素(10U/kg)组以及JWZCY(80、160和320mg/kg)组均显著降低(P<0.01),详见表2。
表2 JWZCY对db/db小鼠葡萄糖耐量的影响(曲线下面积,AUC,min·mmol/L,X±SD,n=10)。
##,P<0.01,与空白对照组比较;**,P<0.01,与模型组比较。
JWZCY在肥胖合并糖、脂质代谢异常的db/db小鼠模型上显示出较好的降血糖作用,显著改善糖耐量,对血清胰岛素没有显著影响,由此推测其降糖的可能机理与改善胰岛素抵抗有关。
3.JWZCY对db/db小鼠糖化血红蛋白水平的影响
与空白对照组比较,模型组小鼠糖化血红蛋白水平显著升高(P<0.01),与模型组比较,拜唐苹(25mg/kg)组、胰岛素(10U/kg)组以及JWZCY(80、160和320mg/kg)组小鼠糖化血红蛋白均显著降低(P<0.01),详见表3。
表3 JWZCY对db/db小鼠HbA1c的影响(X±SD,n=10)
##,P<0.01,与空白对照组比较;*,P<0.05,与模型组比较。
4.JWZCY对db/db小鼠血脂四项(CHO,TG,HDL和LDL)的影响
与空白对照组比较,模型组小鼠CHO和TG明显升高(P<0.01);与模型组比较,JWZCY(160和320mg/kg)组能降低CHO水平(P<0.05)与空白对照组比较,模型组小鼠模型组HDL水平有下降趋势,LDL水平有升高趋势,但无统计学差异(P>0.05);与模型组比较,JWZCY(80、160和320mg/kg)组HDL水平有升高的趋势,LDL水平有降低的趋势,但没有统计学差异(P>0.05),详见表4。
表4 JWZCY对db/db小鼠血脂四项的影响(X±SD,n=10)
##,P<0.01,与空白对照组比较;*,P<0.05,与模型组比较。
5.JWZCY对db/db小鼠肝肾功能指标和心肌酶指标的影响
与空白对照组比较,模型组小鼠肝肾功能指标显著升高(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,JWZCY(80、160和320mg/kg)组能显著降低肝功能指标GTP和GOT以及肾功能CRE和BUN水平(P<0.05),显著降低肝功能指标GTP和GOT以及肾功能CRE和BUN水平(P<0.05),并显著降低心肌酶ALP和CK水平(P<0.05),详见表5-7。
表5 JWZCY对db/db小鼠肝功能指标GPT和GOT的影响(X±SD,n=10)
组别 | 剂量 | GPT(U/L) | GOT(U/L) |
空白对照组 | 55.10±9.15 | 122.40±12.21 | |
模型组 | 99.63±10.36## | 234.00±11.12## | |
拜唐苹组 | 25 | 94.56±10.51 | 235.44±22.82 |
胰岛素组 | 10 | 93.44±8.63 | 231.33±17.37 |
JWZCY高剂量组 | 320 | 84.00±9.95** | 190.78±45.10* |
JWZCY中剂量组 | 160 | 85.11±10.47* | 191.00±48.11* |
JWZCY低剂量组 | 80 | 86.67±10.79* | 198.44±44.73* |
##,P<0.01,与空白对照组比较;*,P<0.05,与模型组比较;**,P<0.01,与模型组比较。
表6 JWZCY对db/db小鼠肾功能指标CRE和BUN的影响(X±SD,n=10)
组别 | 剂量 | CRE(mg/dl) | BUN(mg/dl) |
空白对照组 | 31.89±6.06 | 5.28±1.46 | |
模型组 | 60.65±10.30## | 13.86±0.99## | |
拜唐苹组 | 25 | 12.97±0.96 | |
胰岛素组 | 10 | 58.57±7.66 | 12.92±0.85 |
JWZCY高剂量组 | 320 | 47.80±12.95* | 11.52±2.32* |
JWZCY中剂量组 | 160 | 47.80±12.95* | 11.93±2.16* |
JWZCY低剂量组 | 80 | 49.96±10.09* | 11.99±1.91* |
##,P<0.01,与空白对照组比较;*,P<0.05,与模型组比较;**,P<0.01,与模型组比较。
表7 JWZCY对db/db小鼠心肌酶CK和ALP的影响(X±SD,n=10)
组别 | 剂量 | CK(mg/dl) | ALP(U/L) |
空白对照组 | 1322.40±65.93 | 219.60±23.03 | |
模型组 | 2433.13±101.92# | 317.38±11.56## | |
拜唐苹组 | 25 | 2460.22±84.77 | 312.11±12.27 |
胰岛素组 | 10 | 2467.78±114.89 | 302.33±18.80 |
JWZCY高剂量组 | 320 | 1983.00±541.21 | 272.56±50.91* |
JWZCY中剂量组 | 160 | 2058.22±457.82 | 286.67±37.27* |
JWZCY低剂量组 | 80 | 2169.56±328.69 | 287.11±38.27* |
##,P<0.01,与空白对照组比较;*,P<0.05,与模型组比较。
肝功能指标和血脂四项检测结果显示,JWZCY(80、160和320mg/kg)能显著改善db/db小鼠脂质代谢异常状况和肝功能。心肌酶指标显示,JWZCY(80、160和320mg/kg)对明显改善糖尿病小鼠的心肌病变。
6.JWZCY对小鼠糖尿病视网膜微血管瘤的影响
眼底荧光造影结果显示,正常组无微血管瘤;模型组微血管瘤遍布视网膜;拜唐苹(25mg/kg)组与模型组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05),而JWZCY(80、160和320mg/kg)组小鼠微血管瘤数量显著减少(P<0.01),呈剂量依赖性,JWZCY(80、160和320mg/kg)能显著减少视网膜微血管瘤数量。
7.JWZCY对db/db小鼠尿蛋白水平的影响
空白对照组小鼠尿液蛋白均显示阴性,db/db小鼠模型组均显示阳性(+++)。与模型组小鼠比较,JWZCY(80、160和320mg/kg)组能降低尿蛋白水平,结果均为阳性(++)。
尿蛋白水平检测结果显示,JWZCY(80、160和320mg/kg)能改善糖尿病小鼠的肾功能。
最后说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (6)
1.一种治疗糖尿病的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述中药组合物由主药和辅料制成,所述主药按照重量计算由以下组份组成:黄芪10-20份、生地黄10-20份、山萸肉3-8份、山药6-10份、莪术8-12份、益母草3-8份、丹参 2-5份、大黄2-5份,所述辅料为β-环糊精和固体制剂辅料,所述β-环糊精用于包合莪术挥发油以形成莪术油β-环糊精包合物,所述莪术挥发油是用所述莪术提取得到的,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:1)莪术挥发油的提取和包合:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取莪术挥发油后使用β-环糊精进行包合得到莪术油β-环糊精包合物,所述莪术挥发油与β-环糊精包合的质量比为1:5;
2)提取物B的提取:将步骤1)中所述莪术提取挥发油后的药渣与山萸肉和丹参混合经乙醇浸泡,加热回流,加入溶媒经滤过、纯化后提取得到提取物B;
3)提取物A的提取:将步骤2)的所述提取物B的药渣与黄芪、生地黄、山药、益母草、大黄混合、粉碎、隔膜压滤提取、浓缩至清膏后加水搅拌、离心,再超滤浓缩至稠膏,最后干燥过筛,得到提取物A;
4)将步骤1)-3)中所述的莪术油β-环糊精包合物、提取物B、提取物A混合粉碎后加入制剂辅料便得到所述的中药组合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述包合的方法为饱和水溶液法。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述包合的温度为50℃,所述包合的时间为1小时。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤3中药材需粉碎至0.5mm,所述清膏的相对密度为1.20-1.25,温度为50℃。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤3中所述稠膏的密度为1.30,温度为60~70℃,所述干燥方式为真空带式干燥。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤3中所述过筛所用筛子的规格为100目筛。
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