CN109077004A - A kind of fish constellation effect traces back the pilot system of locus model with fish - Google Patents
A kind of fish constellation effect traces back the pilot system of locus model with fish Download PDFInfo
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- CN109077004A CN109077004A CN201810786428.1A CN201810786428A CN109077004A CN 109077004 A CN109077004 A CN 109077004A CN 201810786428 A CN201810786428 A CN 201810786428A CN 109077004 A CN109077004 A CN 109077004A
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/006—Accessories for aquaria or terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/047—Liquid pumps for aquaria
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the pilot systems that a kind of fish constellation effect and fish trace back locus model.Including sink, water inlet pipe, gradual change pipeline, three arc panels, water replenishment, long straight baffle, fish gathering channel, four barrier nets, reservoir, submersible pump for fountain, the components such as grid lines and drainpipe.The motion profile of fish can be clearly observed using pilot system of the invention；And constellation effect and the understanding of track is traced back under change of gradient different in flow rate to fish；And fish migration and Aggregation behaviour can be probed into the response pattern of the hydraulics characteristic factor by flow field survey and fish locomotion picture and record data, experimental data and theoretical foundation are provided further in depth to excavate the response relation between water velocity and fish migration and Aggregation behaviour；It overcomes simultaneously in the prior art to the unstability in the scarcity and test of flow velocity ladder study.This system structure is simple, easy to operate；And water resource is recycled, reduce migration area while saving water resource.
Description
Technical field
It is the present invention relates to the fish pass structure in a kind of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a kind of to probe into fish collection suitable for indoor
Group's effect and fish trace back the pilot system of locus model, belong to hydraulic engineering ecological environment field.
Background technique
The construction of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering destroys the connectivity in river, causes the fragmentation in river, and then blocked fish
The channel of genoid exchange and migration；Fish pass structure is as the important means for restoring river connectivity, by helping fish to cross dam
Promote the migration of fish to exchange behavior, and Aggregation behaviour is one of important behavior of fish, fish because of the reasons such as habit of living in groups,
Group will be formed when oviposition, forage and migration and carries out orderly and same movement, and this group's sexual behaviour is defined as cluster effect
It answers.The Aggregation behaviour of fish shows that the individual in the shoal of fish has similar swimming rate and identical direction, and water flow can be to fish
Class migration behavior generates most original and most effective influence；In the entire life cycle of fish, certain specific hydrodynamic(al) is required
Mechanical condition, hydrodynamic conditions are not only fish to the long-term adaptation of external environmental change as a result, hydraulics characteristic is also pair
The Behavior law of fish has close response relation.
Many studies have shown that the index that can use current gradient describes river living environment, high current gradient value is logical
Often mean high living environment diversity, to have high species diversity.And the region with identical flow velocity is not necessarily
Current gradient having the same, therefore studying current gradient is necessary for the hydrodynamic character for describing water flow.?
In the migration route of fish, preference is traced back along certain current gradient, therefore current gradient is too small, cannot attract a large amount of fishes
Class；And excessive current gradient then will form biggish shear stress, and fish is caused to be injured by shear stress.In addition, flow velocity
Gradient also plays a significant role during fish reproduction.Through consulting literatures, in practical projects for the scene of some river section
In flow velocity measurement, flow velocity measurement is carried out merely with acoustic Doppler velocimeter and current gradient index calculates.
In China, since part of theory research lacks detailed field measured data, most researchers are only from point of theory
Analysis, cannot reflect behavior motor pattern of the practical Mesichthyes in natural water flow, therefore the flow condition of fish pass structure is not
The physiological ecological behavioral requirements of specific objective fish are able to satisfy, to influence the effective implementation and operation of fish pass structure.Fish
Aggregation behaviour is the important content of Fish behavior research, and in existing research and design, most of researcher is only simple
Ground characterizes influence of the flow condition to fish migration and Aggregation behaviour with velocity parameters, and there is no in depth excavate water velocity
Response relation between fish migration and Aggregation behaviour, also have ignored other hydraulics characteristic factors (such as whirlpool, turbulent fluctuation energy and
Depth of water etc.) to the multifactor exercising result of fish migration and Aggregation behaviour.Therefore, track is traced back under specific flow field to fish
Become one of the key technology of fish pass engineering design with the observation of constellation effect, the constellation effects of fish and hydraulics characteristic because
The correlativity of son is probed into and one of the problem of urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is exactly to be directed to fish constellation effect and trace back the defect in the presence of the prior art is studied in track
And deficiency, propose that a kind of fish constellation effect traces back the pilot system of locus model with fish, the test system architecture is simple, behaviour
Facilitate；The unstability in previous traditional flow velocity gradient test is compensated for by the pilot system, and successfully realizes water
Recycle, save a large amount of water resource, improve constellation effect to fish under gradient different in flow rate and trace back track
Understanding.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is realized using the technical solution being made of following technical measures.
A kind of fish constellation effect of the present invention and fish trace back the pilot system of locus model, it is proposed, according to the invention, packet
Including sink, the gradual change pipeline upper section of water inlet pipe connection, gradual change pipeline lower section connects the No.1 barrier net vertical with sink, and one
No.1 arc panel tail end, No.1 arc panel top connection water channel lower left side inner wall, No. two arc panel tops are connected at the top of number barrier net
End connects No. two barrier nets parallel with sink, and No. three arc panels are arranged along side wall in the sink upper left corner；Water replenishment is located at water
In front of slot plane, long straight baffle is located at water replenishment in the following, its left end connects No. two barrier nets, and right end connects No. four barrier nets, and
No. three barrier nets are located at No. four barrier net upstreams and the two is parallel, and one fish of formation adapt to area between them；Fish gathering channel position
In sink lower part, grid lines is disposed with outside bottom of gullet, the moisturizing pipeline of submersible pump for fountain connection is placed in water replenishment
It is interior and on long straight baffle, submersible pump for fountain is installed vertically in reservoir；Columns base connects drainpipe, logical in fish gathering
Camera is arranged above road；Also the dark water tank of setting one beside area and reservoir is adapted in fish；Water flow is flowed to gradually by water inlet pipe
Become pipeline, then by gradual change pipeline flow-direction fish gathering channel, is then flowed out through drainpipe.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the water inlet pipe is with valvular water inlet pipe.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the gradual change pipeline upper section is gradual change tube circular upper section, gradual change pipeline lower section
The gradual change pipeline rectangle lower section of circle change side is gradually become by gradual change tube circular upper section；The gradual change pipeline organic glass
Production；The water inlet pipe is fixed with gradual change tube circular upper section junction with steel-pipe welding.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the No.1 arc panel, No. two arc panels and No. three arc panels are each attached to bottom of gullet,
It fixes position: No.1 arc panel top is in contact with sink lower left side inner wall, and concave surface is towards being fixed in sink
Bottom of gullet, both sides are tangent with inboard wall of cistern respectively；No. two arc panel tops No. two barrier net downstream connections parallel with sink,
Its concave surface is in contact with barrier net, separation water flow is played in another side, avoids on one side towards bottom of gullet is fixed in sink
Cause the effect of water flow backwash；And No. three arc panels is upper end thickness are wide and arc-shaped bend panel that lower end thickness is thin, consolidate
It is scheduled on along sink upper left corner inner wall, both sides are tangent with sink right angle side wall respectively；All arc panels are with organic glass system
Make.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the water flow in sink is divided into direction by the long straight baffle below water replenishment
Opposite two parts make to form stable current gradient in the wider side of water flow；The long straight baffle makes of organic glass, and
Using bonding glue special on sink bottom plate.
It states in technical solution, the moisturizing pipeline of the submersible pump for fountain connection is composed of four sections of water pipes, first segment water
Pipe is parallel with sink bottom plate, and the second segment water pipe of first segment water pipe connection is 90 ° of elbows, the third Duan Shui of second segment water pipe connection
Manage it is perpendicular to the ground, third section water pipe connection the 4th section of water pipe be 90 ° of elbows.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, covers in a hollow steel plate and fixes in the middle part of the third section water pipe of the moisturizing pipeline,
The hollow steel plate is close to submersible pump for fountain outlet, and the 4th section of water pipe of the moisturizing pipeline is embedded in hollow steel plate, passes through
Hollow steel plate is indirectly connected with submersible pump for fountain.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the hollow steel plate has the thickness of 1cm~5cm, to prevent from vibrating because of submersible pump for fountain
The gap for causing hollow steel plate and submersible pump for fountain to generate or break-off are adopted and are screwed in hollow steel plate four corners general
Steel plate is embedded at submersible pump for fountain outlet.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the bottom of gullet is plank production, and surrounding side wall is transparent organic glass production, in institute
State wooden stave flume bottom outer interlaced arrangement grid lines.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the grid lines arranged outside bottom of gullet is horizontal outside entire bottom of gullet
Distance, the transverse grid line and longitudinal network ruling of interlaced arrangement, for clear positioning fish have been respectively separated to direction and longitudinal direction
Type games track, spacing distance is between 0.05~0.15m.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, it is embedded in iron nail in the bottom of gullet plank surrounding, by the transverse grid line of arrangement and is indulged
It lies on iron nail to grid lines from bottom of gullet is stretched with the position of every grid lines of fixation, every transverse grid line and longitudinal direction
The spacing distance of grid lines is equal；All grid lines form a rectangular mesh being made of several grids, and quantity is laterally
Grid is more than longitudinal grid.
Fish constellation effect of the present invention and fish are traced back in the pilot system of locus model, due to the gradient tube
Road is the gradual change pipeline of circle change side, and structure is to gradually become gradual change by gradual change tube circular upper section and by its round upper section
Pipeline rectangle lower section uses adhesive and machine pusher to form graded junction since shape is related to multi-direction and change in size
Structure is simultaneously formed, with the stability of enhancing structure.When the gradual change pipeline can be controlled in water flowing out stream full of section, flow velocity is proper
It is well 2m/s, therefore, convenient for probing into motion profile of the Fish of interest under coutroi velocity and current gradient.
Fish constellation effect of the present invention and fish are traced back in the pilot system of locus model, the No.1 arc
Plate and No. two arc panels are both secured in pilot system on the bottom plate of sink, and No. three arc panels are along sink in experimental system
What upper left corner inner wall was fixed is convenient for reducing unnecessary migration area, forms stable fluidised form；Three pieces of organic glass arc panels are fixed
Position respectively play a different role, the setting of No.1 organic glass arc panel can be to avoid close in pilot system sink
Gradual change pipeline circle change side's Lucite pipe right angle crook forms unnecessary migration, forms fluid stable and has certain speed
Water flow；The setting of No. two organic glass arc panels can reduce long straight lucite spacer rear portion migration area using water replenishment；Three
The setting of number organic glass arc panel can reduce the migration of sink upper left corner side wall right angle turn, form stabilization of fluidized.Institute
It is embedding by adhesive to state No.1 organic glass arc-shaped partition, No. two organic glass arc-shaped partitions and No. three organic glass arc-shaped partitions
In on pilot system sink bottom plate.
Fish constellation effect of the present invention and fish are traced back in the pilot system of locus model, and the moisturizing pipeline is
Four sections of water pipes are composed, i.e., first segment water pipe is placed horizontally on sink bottom plate, and second segment water pipe is connect with first segment water pipe
Place is vertical elbow circle water pipe, and second segment water pipe is perpendicular to the ground, and third section water pipe is also perpendicular to the ground, the 4th section of water pipe
It is vertical with third section water pipe to connect, it is partially placed horizontally on reservoir bottom plate under the 4th section of water pipe, the outlet of the 4th section of water pipe
End connection submersible pump for fountain；Long straight lucite spacer inner channel guidance is flowed through by the water that submersible pump for fountain extracts and flows into collection
Fish channel, in this way can increased water flow go out flow flow, by measurement water replenishment flow velocity and cross dimensions can calculate refill flow；It is long
The straight bootable water flow of lucite spacer forms nature close to long straight lucite spacer part in entire fish gathering channel interior and whirls
Swim area；Water flow in reservoir sucks moisturizing pipeline by submersible pump for fountain, is arranged by first segment water pipe along water replenishment water (flow) direction
Out, the cyclic utilization system of water is formed.
Fish constellation effect of the present invention and fish are traced back in the pilot system of locus model, the grid lines be
Bottom of gullet outside is longitudinally arranged and lateral arrangement, and every transverse grid line is identical with the spacing distance of longitudinal network ruling,
But due to being Rectangular Water Trough and considering for computational accuracy, the spacing of transverse grid line is less than longitudinal network ruling, therefore longitudinal cloth
The quantity set is less than the quantity of lateral arrangement；And each grid is numbered.Grid lines also outside bottom of gullet simultaneously
Blank sheet of paper is re-layed below；Since sink side wall is made by transparent organic glass, the purpose for being laid with blank sheet of paper is to destroy fish body skin
The protective effect of color, make darkcyan fish carry on the back clearly reflect on blank sheet of paper, conducive to it is accurate determine fish at a certain moment locating for
Position, and the reflective influence of indoor light and ground is reduced, fish locomotion is captured convenient for observation and shooting.
Fish constellation effect of the present invention and fish are traced back in the pilot system of locus model, in pilot system water storage
Pond and fish adapt to be additionally provided with dark water tank above area, for the ease of changing water, therefore are disposed at the place of culture experiment fish.
Fish constellation effect of the present invention and fish are traced back in the pilot system of locus model, and fish live in aerobic
Almost flow velocity is zero to its water flow in dark water tank, and to make, Fish of interest is detached from original dark water tank living environment and travelling is special
Point, with the water flow in adequacy test system；Therefore setting up No.1 barrier net is to prevent fish from being justified the organic glass gradual change of change side
Water flow attracts at pipeline, into water inlet pipe；Setting up No. two barrier nets is that fish from getting lost and enters water replenishment to prevent；It sets up
No. three barrier nets and No. four barrier nets are for Fish of interest is constrained in fish and is adapted in area；To water in fish adequacy test system
After flowing fluidised form and turbulence intensity, at this point, detaching No. three barrier net release fish, fish locomotion track is observed and recorded；Set up four
Number barrier net can also prevent fish from entering reservoir, cause to get lost or be washed away by water flow；By taking No.1 barrier net as an example, for just
Barrier net is manually placed and detaches when test, and the production of No.1 barrier net is that iron wire is embedded among wooden unit, and with wooden unit
It is fixed between the side wall of sink and long straight baffle.
Fish gathering channel in pilot system of the present invention is the main region for observing fish locomotion behavior；The camera shooting
Head is fixed to arrange a high-definition camera above fish gathering channel to capture record fish plane motion track with tripod
In on ground.
Pilot system of the present invention, for the capture of fish locomotion track, flow field survey and fish locomotion picture and
Recording data is to automatically record video data by the mobile phone client software of camera and connection, exports video after the test
Fish migration and Aggregation behaviour can be probed into the response pattern of the hydraulics characteristic factor；It is mentioned by the original video data of record
Certain moment fish locomotion track and travelling behavior are taken, and can be tied with the flow rate of water flow of certain moment fish locomotion position measurement and turbulent fluctuation
Fruit makees correlation analysis.
The present invention compared with prior art possessed by advantage and beneficial technical effect:
A kind of fish constellation effect of the present invention and fish trace back the pilot system of locus model, and structure is simple, and
It is easy to construct, it is easy to operate；It is to adopt for the capture of fish locomotion track, flow field survey and fish locomotion picture and record data
Video data is automatically recorded with the mobile phone client software of camera and connection, exports video after the test；Pass through record
Original video data extracts certain moment fish locomotion track and travelling behavior, the water flow stream with the measurement of certain moment fish locomotion position
Speed and turbulent fluctuation can result make correlation analysis；Fish migration and Aggregation behaviour can be probed into advise the response of the hydraulics characteristic factor
Rule；Response relation further in depth to excavate between water velocity and fish migration and Aggregation behaviour provide experimental data and
Theoretical foundation；It overcomes simultaneously in the prior art to the unstability in the scarcity and test of flow velocity ladder study；And it is recyclable
Using water resource, reduce migration area while saving water resource.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the top plan view for the pilot system that fish constellation effect of the present invention traces back locus model with fish is arranged
Structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the three dimensional structure diagram of gradual change pipeline described in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is each arc plate structure schematic diagram described in Fig. 1；Wherein, (a) is No.1 arc panel layout drawing；It (b) is two
Number arc panel layout drawing；It (c) is No. three arc panel layout drawings；
Fig. 4 is the three dimensional structure diagram of moisturizing pipeline described in Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is the flow velocity measurement result figure by Fig. 1 pilot system.
In figure: 1 water inlet pipe, 2 gradual change pipelines, 3-1 No.1 arc panel, No. bis- arc panels of 3-2, No. tri- arc panels of 3-3,4 mend
Pool, 5 long straight baffles, 6 grid lines, 7 fish gathering channels, 8 moisturizing pipelines, 9-1 No.1 barrier net, No. bis- barrier nets of 9-2,9-3 tri-
Number barrier net, No. tetra- barrier nets of 9-4,10 reservoirs, 11 submersible pump for fountain, 12 drainpipes, 13 sinks, 14 fish adapt to area, and 15
Camera, 16 gradual change tube circular upper sections, 17 gradual change pipeline rectangle lower sections, 18 gradual change pipeline outer profiles, 19 moisturizing pipelines
Round exit section, 20 hollow steel plates, 21 dark water tanks.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing and with specific embodiment, but is not meant to be pair
The present invention protects any restriction of content, i.e. the contents of the present invention are not limited only to the content in embodiment.
A kind of fish constellation effect of the present invention and fish trace back the pilot system of locus model, top plan view arrangement
Structure is as shown in Figure 1.Including sink 13, the upper section with the gradual change pipeline 2 that valvular water inlet pipe 1 connects, gradual change pipeline 2
Lower section connects the No.1 barrier net 9-1 vertical with sink 13, is connected to No.1 arc panel 3-1 tail end at the top of No.1 barrier net,
No.1 arc panel top is connected with 13 lower left side inner wall of sink, and No. two tops arc panel 3-2 connect two parallel with sink 13
Number barrier net 9-2, No. three arc panel 3-3 are arranged along side wall in the sink upper left corner；Water replenishment 4, which is located in front of 13 plane of sink, to be accounted for
According to one third part before sink plane, long straight baffle 5 be located at water replenishment 4 in the following, its left end connect No. two barrier net 9-2,
Right end connects No. four barrier net 9-4, and No. three barrier net 9-3 are located at No. four upstreams barrier net 9-4 and the two is parallel, and No. three are blocked fish
A fish are formed between net and No. four barrier nets adapts to area 14；It is laterally and vertical square in 13 bottom outer of sink of plank production
To arrangement grid lines 6, fish gathering channel 7 is located at one third part below sink plane, the water supply pipe that submersible pump for fountain 11 connects
Road 8 is placed in water replenishment 4, and on long straight baffle, submersible pump for fountain is installed vertically in reservoir 10；10 bottom of reservoir
Drainpipe 12 is connected, a camera 15 is arranged above pilot system fish gathering channel 7；Also area 14 and reservoir 10 are adapted in fish
The dark water tank 21 of side setting one；Water flow flows to gradual change pipeline by water inlet pipe, then by gradual change pipeline flow-direction fish gathering channel, then passes through
Drainpipe outflow.
In Fig. 2, the tomograph of the gradual change pipeline 2, the gradual change pipeline upper section is to cut on gradual change tube circular
Face 16, lower section are gradually become the gradual change pipeline rectangle lower section 17 of circle change side, gradual change by gradual change tube circular upper section 16
As shown in 18, the gradual change pipeline is made pipeline outer profile of organic glass；The water inlet pipe 1 with valve and gradual change pipeline
The junction of round upper section 16 is fixed using steel-pipe welding；Gradual change pipeline rectangle lower section connects the No.1 vertical with sink and blocks
Fishnet.
In Fig. 3, the shape of the No.1 arc panel 3-1, No. two arc panel 3-2 and No. three arc panel 3-3 are identical, No.1 arc
Shape plate arc length is greater than No. two arc panels, and central angle is 90 °, guides the flow direction fish gathering channel of water replenishment, No. two arc panel circles
Heart angle is 90 °, and effect is to reduce the migration phenomenon of long straight baffle left end end, and No. three arc panel central angles are 90 °, with sink
Vertical side wall is tangent up and down for bottom plate, to reduce migration herein.
In Fig. 4, the moisturizing pipeline 8 forms i.e. first segment water pipe 8-1, second segment water pipe 8-2, third section by four sections of water pipes
Water pipe 8-3 and the 4th section of water pipe 8-4；The first segment water pipe 8-1 of moisturizing pipeline 8 is placed horizontally on experimental tank bottom plate, is mended
Waterpipe round exit section 19 is placed in water replenishment 4；First segment water pipe connection second segment water pipe 8-2 be 90 ° of elbows, second
Duan Shuiguan 8-2 is fixed after accurately cutting and being bonded using pipeline strong adhesive with the top third section water pipe 8-3；Third section
Water pipe is perpendicular to the ground, the third section lower part water pipe 8-3 using pipeline strong adhesive bond and iron wire banding after with the 4th section of water
Pipe 8-4 is fixed；4th section of water pipe 8-4 is 90 ° of elbow water pipes.It is covered in the middle part of the third section water pipe 8-3 of the moisturizing pipeline in a sky
It in heart steel plate 20 and is secured to, the hollow abutting of steel plate 20 11 outlet of submersible pump for fountain, the 4th of the moisturizing pipeline 8 the
Duan Shuiguan 8-4 is embedded in hollow steel plate 20, is indirectly connected with by hollow steel plate 20 with submersible pump for fountain 11.
A kind of fish constellation effect of the present invention and fish are traced back in the pilot system of locus model, through water inlet pipe 1 and
Gradual change pipeline 2 goes out the water flowed and flows through fish gathering channel 7 and fish adaptation area 14 into reservoir 10, and passes through submersible pump for fountain 11 and flow
Enter moisturizing pipeline 8, enters back by the water replenishment 4 of long straight baffle 5 and the control of pilot system side wall, water flow complies with main flow direction flow direction
Fish gathering channel 7, flow-shape is stablized after a period of time, forms a water circulation utilization system, has not only saved water resource,
It also assures the stability of flow-shape, and reduces migration area, and then can avoid fish and get lost interior on a large scale.
Embodiment
The pilot system that a kind of fish constellation effect and fish trace back locus model is used for a work by the present embodiment
The experimental conditions of condition are experiment parameter and experiment condition used in its model experiment below:
The pilot system sink 13 each side wall height is 0.45m, with a thickness of 0.01m.
The gradual change tube circular upper section 16 of the gradual change pipeline 2 and the spacing of gradual change pipeline rectangle lower section 17 are
0.35m, when caning be controlled in water flowing out stream full of section, flow velocity is exactly 2m/s, therefore, flows convenient for probing into Fish of interest in control
Motion profile under speed and current gradient；
The 16 entrance circular cross section diameter of gradual change tube circular upper section be 0.15m, lower section of gradual change pipeline rectangle
The 17 long 0.3m in exit rectangular section of face, wide 0.15m, gradual change tube circular upper section and 1 outlet connection steel of water inlet pipe
Plate is welded and fixed.
The a diameter of 0.76m of the No.1 arc panel 3-1, with a thickness of 0.01m, central angle is 90 °；No. two arc panel 3-2,
A diameter of 0.44m, with a thickness of 0.01m, central angle is 90 °；No. three a diameter of 0.3m of arc panel 3-3, with a thickness of 0.01m,
Central angle is 90 °, and each arc panel is made of organic glass.
The long straight baffle 5 is made of organic glass, length 7.45m, is highly 0.45m, with a thickness of 0.01m.
The bonding glue special that the long straight baffle uses is bonded glue special for PVC plastic.
The grid lines 6 is arranged in outside bottom of gullet outside i.e. fish gathering the bottom of the channel according to designed quantity, wherein
Longitudinal network ruling is arranged as totally 9, and every root long degree is 8m, between every between be divided into 0.1m；Transverse grid line is arranged as totally 41,
Every root long degree is 1.4m, between every between be divided into 0.2m, each column are longitudinal 40 grids, and every a line laterally has 10 grids,
Total 400 a length of 0.2m, width of being formed is the rectangular mesh of 0.1m；And each grid is numbered, transverse grid can be by English
Text mother's size order number, such as A1, A2 ...；B1, B2 ...；Longitudinal grid can by Arabic numerals serial number, such as a1,
A2 ..., b1, b2 ...；Etc., being formed by each grid in this way has corresponding different number, convenient for determining fish flowing
Position, and then calculate the flow velocity and current gradient of water flow corresponding to grid.
The moisturizing pipeline 8 is made of four sections of water pipes, i.e. a length of 4m of first segment water pipe, and section is circle, a diameter of
The round water pipe of 0.15m is placed horizontally on 13 bottom plate of experimental tank；Second segment water pipe is 90 ° of elbow water pipes, section
For the circle of diameter 0.15m, central angle is 90 °, and the effect of second segment water pipe is the first segment that connection is parallel to 13 bottom plate of sink
Water pipe；Second segment water pipe and first segment water pipe with ground be it is vertical, horizontal length and vertical length are 0.2m；Third section
Water pipe is also perpendicular to the ground, a length of 0.3m, and diameter of section is the round water pipe of 0.15m；4th section of water pipe and third section water pipe
Vertical connection, junction are 90 ° of elbows, and central angle is 90 °, and diameter of section is the round water pipe of 0.15m；4th section of water pipe
Lower part is placed horizontally on reservoir bottom plate, and the outlet end of the 4th section of water pipe connects submersible pump for fountain, the water flow in reservoir
The moisturizing pipeline 8 being made of four sections of water pipes is sucked by submersible pump for fountain；Flowing through length by the water that submersible pump for fountain extracts directly has
Machine glass partition inner channel guidance flow into fish gathering channel, in this way can increased water flow go out flow flow, pass through measurement water replenishment flow velocity
And cross dimensions, refill flow can be calculated by finding out the two product；The bootable water flow of the long straight baffle 5 is in entire fish gathering channel
7 inside form nature migration area close to long straight lucite spacer part；Water flow in reservoir 10 passes through submersible pump for fountain 11
Moisturizing pipeline 8 is sucked, is discharged by first segment water pipe along 4 water (flow) direction of water replenishment, forms the cyclic utilization system of water.
The a length of 0.5m of the No.1 barrier net 9-1, width 0.3m, No. two a length of 0.5m of barrier net, width 0.4m, No. three with
No. four barrier net sizes are identical, i.e., a length of 1m, width 0.5m, are divided into 0.4m.
The submersible pump for fountain 11, product type QSP220-5-5.5, power of motor 5.5Kw, for moisturizing pipeline
It works normally, is 0.4m through measurement 4 cross-sectional width of water replenishment, depth of water 0.2m, flow velocity 0.2m/s are mended under operating condition of test
Water flow is 0.016m3/s。
12 diameter of drainpipe is 0.1m, and bottom is connected with columns base, and will be arranged with iron nail and glass plate
Water pipe is fixed on ground, water extra in sink is discharged.
Measuring instrument used in the present embodiment use acoustic Doppler velocimetry, abbreviation ADV measuring instrument, because instrument is valuable, usually
Storage is taken out in the lab, when needing carries out hand-held measurement.
The dark a length of 0.7m of water tank 21, width 0.5m, a height of 0.4m, shape is to thicken plastics rectangle bucket, changes water
It is convenient, it is used in the place for culture experiment fish.
Client software are as follows: GoPro software general at present.
Fish constellation effect described in the present embodiment and fish trace back the test process and operation of locus model pilot system
Steps are as follows:
Before test, each instrument and component are connected according to test system architecture shown in Fig. 1；Water inlet valve is opened, to water
Stream flow through fish gathering channel 7 enter reservoir 10 and accumulate form 0.2m depth after, submersible pump for fountain 11 is powered on, to fountain
Immersible pump is powered, at this point, the water in reservoir 10, which flows through moisturizing pipeline 8, enters water replenishment 4, flows through organic glass No.1 arc
Shape plate 3-1 and No. two arc panel 3-2 of organic glass enter fish gathering channel 7, measure gradual change pipeline after flow-shape, the depth of water are stablized
2 outlet 17 control points of gradual change pipeline rectangle lower section, that is, gradual change pipeline rectangle lower section central point flow velocitys, by adjusting water inlet pipe 1
Valve opening changes gradual change pipeline rectangle lower section control point flow velocity, measures through acoustic Doppler velocimetry, measures gradient tube
The gradual change pipeline rectangular cross section flow velocity that road 2 exports is 1.5m/s, and moisturizing cross-sectional flow is more gentle, is 0.2m/s.
After the gradual change pipeline rectangle lower section control point flow velocity that gradual change pipeline 2 exports reaches 1.5m/s and stablizes, by mesh
Mark fish are put into the fish between No. three barrier net 9-3 and No. four barrier net 9-4 and adapt to area；It waits after ten minutes, it is suitable to fish
After answering flow-shape, No. three barrier net 9-3 are detached, fish move about forward, trace back be moved through to fish using camera 15 at this time
Journey carries out camera shooting record, and observes fish locomotion track and certain point residence time, finally when fish no longer move about, closing water inlet
After the valve of pipe 1, submersible pump for fountain 11 is turned off, waits the water emptied in experimental tank, it, will after its liquid level is reduced to 0.1m
Fish pick up, and are put into a feeding pond.So far, it completes one group of fish constellation effect and fish traces back trajectory tests.
After the test, open the cell phone client that connect with camera, export the target fish of shooting swimming track and
Motion state video.First using the video shot in video editor experimental pretreatment, interception fish are completely traced back primary
Process, is then introduced into fish locomotion behavior capture and Trancking Software carries out the capture of fish locomotion track, by series of steps
After can obtain including the export of moving object position coordinates and video is derived exports result；And according to the measurement knot of ADV measuring instrument
Fish are traced back track and compared and analyzed with flow field survey result by fruit, show that fish collect attracting adaptability target system.Flow field
Measurement result is as shown in Fig. 5, intersects vertically place as coordinate origin using two side wall of the experimental tank lower left corner, following with experimental tank
Wall is abscissa, and using experimental tank left hand wall as ordinate, digital representation flow velocity size in figure, lines play segmentation not in figure
With the effect of flow velocity size area, the different small cube figure in middle and upper part has different color depths, respectively indicates different stream
Fast section, if white area is exactly the region that flow velocity is greater than 1.5m/s.
Become the hydraulic characteristic index of Flow Behavior according to above-mentioned model test interpretation of result about test fish are as follows: induced flow
Speed is 0.14~0.15m/s, and hobby flow velocity is 0.50~0.80m/s, and spurt flow velocity is 0.80~1.58m/s, and barrier flow velocity is big
In 1.58m/s, sums up and become the collection attracting index system of Flow Behavior suitable for fish.Wherein rest area be flow rates 0~
The water flow spaces of 0.14m/s, i.e., the region < 0.14m/s；Induction zone is the region that flow rates are 0.14~0.50m/s；Hobby
Area is the region that flow rates are 0.50~0.80m/s；Spurt area is the region that flow rates are 0.80~1.58m/s；Barrier
Area is the region that flow velocity is greater than 1.58m/s；Barrier area is the region that flow velocity is greater than 1.58m/s；The Leaf element contents of turbulent fluctuation energy are small
In 0.049m2/s2, the Leaf element contents range of current gradient is 0.12~1.08m/ (sm).Therefore, as long as all meet institute
The region of requirement condition is exactly fish collection attracting adaptability target system, and result is as shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 is that pilot system Mesichthyes collects attracting adaptability target system
For the grid lines that experimental tank bottom outside is fixed, due to not needing to do other processing in test, it is main
It is to be used for carrying out the capture of fish locomotion track when the processing of later period video editor and importing video editor processing software.
Claims (10)
1. the pilot system that a kind of fish constellation effect and fish trace back locus model, it is characterised in that including sink, water inlet pipe
The gradual change pipeline upper section of connection, gradual change pipeline lower section connect the No.1 barrier net vertical with sink, No.1 barrier net top
Connect No.1 arc panel tail end, No.1 arc panel top connection water channel lower left side inner wall, No. two arc panel top connections and sink
No. two parallel barrier nets, No. three arc panels are arranged along side wall in the sink upper left corner；Water replenishment is located in front of sink plane, long
Straight baffle is located at water replenishment in the following, its left end connects No. two barrier nets, and right end connects No. four barrier nets, and No. three barrier nets are located at
No. four barrier net upstreams and the two is parallel form a fish between them and adapt to area；Fish gathering channel is located at sink lower part,
Grid lines is arranged outside bottom of gullet, the moisturizing pipeline of submersible pump for fountain connection is placed in water replenishment and on long straight baffle
Face, submersible pump for fountain are installed vertically in reservoir；Columns base connects drainpipe, and camera shooting is arranged above fish gathering channel
Head；Also the dark water tank of setting one beside area and reservoir is adapted in fish；Water flow flows to gradual change pipeline by water inlet pipe, then by gradual change
Pipeline flow-direction fish gathering channel, then flows out through drainpipe.
2. pilot system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the water inlet pipe is with valvular water inlet pipe.
3. pilot system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the gradual change pipeline upper section is gradual change tube circular
Upper section, gradual change pipeline lower section are gradually become lower section of gradual change pipeline rectangle of circle change side by gradual change tube circular upper section
Face；The gradual change pipeline makes of organic glass；The water inlet pipe and gradual change tube circular upper section junction steel-pipe welding
It is fixed.
4. pilot system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the No.1 arc panel, No. two arc panels and No. three arcs
Shape plate is each attached to bottom of gullet, and fixing position is: No.1 arc panel top is in contact with sink lower left side inner wall, concave surface
Bottom of gullet is fixed in towards sink, both sides are tangent with inboard wall of cistern respectively；No. two arc panel tops are parallel with sink
No. two barrier net downstream connections, concave surface is in contact with barrier net, separately on one side towards bottom of gullet is fixed in sink
Play separation water flow on one side, and No. three arc panels are fixed for upper end thickness is wide and arc-shaped bend panel that lower end thickness is thin
Along sink upper left corner inner wall, both sides are tangent with sink right angle side wall respectively；All arc panels make of organic glass.
5. pilot system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the long straight baffle below water replenishment, by water
Water flow in slot is divided into contrary two parts, makes to form stable current gradient in the wider side of water flow；The length is straight
Partition makes of organic glass, and using bonding glue on sink bottom plate.
6. pilot system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the moisturizing pipeline of the submersible pump for fountain connection is by four
Duan Shuiguan is composed, and first segment water pipe is parallel with sink bottom plate, and the second segment water pipe of first segment water pipe connection is 90 ° of elbows,
The third section water pipe of second segment water pipe connection is perpendicular to the ground, and the 4th section of water pipe of third section water pipe connection is 90 ° of elbows.
7. pilot system according to claim 1 or 6, it is characterised in that set in the middle part of the third section water pipe of the moisturizing pipeline
It in a hollow steel plate and fixes, hollow steel plate abutting submersible pump for fountain outlet, the 4th section of the moisturizing pipeline
Water pipe is embedded in hollow steel plate, is indirectly connected with by hollow steel plate with submersible pump for fountain.
8. pilot system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the hollow steel plate has the thickness of 1cm~5cm, is
It prevents from vibrating the gap for causing hollow steel plate and submersible pump for fountain to generate or break-off because of submersible pump for fountain, it is solid using screw
It is scheduled on hollow steel plate four corners steel plate is embedded at submersible pump for fountain outlet.
9. pilot system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bottom of gullet is plank production, and surrounding side wall is
Transparent organic glass production, in the wooden stave flume bottom outer interlaced arrangement grid lines；It is described to be arranged outside bottom of gullet
Grid lines, be that transverse direction and longitudinal direction have been respectively separated distance, the transverse direction of interlaced arrangement outside entire bottom of gullet
Grid lines and longitudinal network ruling, for clear positioning fish locomotion track, spacing distance is between 0.05~0.15m.
10. according to claim 1 or pilot system described in 9, it is characterised in that by the transverse grid line and longitudinal grid of arrangement
Line is lain on iron nail from bottom of gullet is stretched with the position of every grid lines of fixation, every transverse grid line and longitudinal network ruling
Spacing distance it is equal；All grid lines form a rectangular mesh being made of several grids, and quantity is that transverse grid is more
In longitudinal grid.
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| CN115541185A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2022-12-30 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Fishway water flow judgment method based on simulated fish body |
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| CN115541185A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2022-12-30 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Fishway water flow judgment method based on simulated fish body |
| CN115541185B (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-04-14 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Fishway water flow judgment method based on simulated fish body |
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