CN108999152B - The distribution method and garbage barrier net of garbage barrier net in a kind of bend water intaking open channel - Google Patents
The distribution method and garbage barrier net of garbage barrier net in a kind of bend water intaking open channel Download PDFInfo
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- CN108999152B CN108999152B CN201811054206.7A CN201811054206A CN108999152B CN 108999152 B CN108999152 B CN 108999152B CN 201811054206 A CN201811054206 A CN 201811054206A CN 108999152 B CN108999152 B CN 108999152B
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- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the distribution methods and garbage barrier net of garbage barrier net in a kind of bend water intaking open channel, comprising: building bend open channel three-dimensional mathematical model；Construct bend open channel physical model；Model verifying；The analysis in bend water intaking open channel flow field；The net type of garbage barrier net selects；The selection of garbage barrier net installation position；The selection of garbage barrier net located level angle；Garbage barrier net lays the selection at vertical inclination angle；The laying of garbage barrier net surface layer deflector；The laying of garbage barrier net collection device.The present invention is according to water intaking open channel section feature and local hydraulic feature, the flow pattern in water intaking open channel is taken full advantage of, and is analyzed from water intaking flow velocity, pollutant characteristic, the net type of garbage barrier net, installation position, vertical tilt angle, horizontal layout angle etc. and to be improved garbage barrier net and block the feasibility for leading dirty ability.It is realized in the most simple form according to the garbage barrier net that the method designs and efficiently blocks dirt.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the distribution methods and garbage barrier net of garbage barrier net in a kind of bend water intaking open channel, are a kind of based on flow field mould
The research method of quasi- analysis and physical experiments is a kind of to block dirty facility for what Coastal Nuclear Power Plant obtained cleaning cooling water source
Design method and facility.
Background technique
The event of coastal waters fulminant marine organisms or the blocking Coastal Nuclear Power Plant intake operation of floatability pollutant takes place frequently, shadow
Ring Nuclear Safety stable operation.It is first of entity protecting screen in water intake of power plant system that the physics that nuclear power plant fetches water in open channel, which intercepts,
Barrier, garbage barrier net play an important role in ensureing nuclear power water intaking safety as the important measures that physics intercepts.Bend open channel is
The water intaking open channel arrangement that nuclear power plant generallys use, the design and use of garbage barrier net usually only consider to block in water intaking open channel at present
Material, the mesh size etc. of dirt net, the laying pattern of garbage barrier net, position, in terms of, since the laying of garbage barrier net there is no
Specification or theoretical direction, and seldom effectively dredging and automatically cleaning for pollutant is realized in conjunction with the hydrodynamic characterisitic of water intaking open channel, it blocks
Dirty less effective.Therefore, the effective distribution method for instructing power plant's garbage barrier net to lay is needed.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the problems of the prior art, the invention proposes the distribution methods of garbage barrier net in a kind of bend water intaking open channel
And garbage barrier net.The method proposes using typical lateral intake bend open channel flow field hydraulic characteristic and improves garbage barrier net to drift
Buoyancy pollutant blocks the distribution method for leading dirty ability, to instruct the laying of power plant's garbage barrier net to provide foundation.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the distribution method of garbage barrier net, the method in a kind of bend water intaking open channel
Include the following steps:
Step 1, construct bend open channel three-dimensional mathematical model: the building of three-dimensional mathematical model includes according to open channel design size
Building simulation free flow channel obtains flow field feature and the defeated shifting of items, accumulation process according to channel shape, and proposes to block
Dirt net is preliminary to lay principle, instructs the design of physical model；
Step 2, it constructs bend open channel physical model: determining the size of physical model, be garbage barrier net in physical experiments
Laying, items transport tendency research provide prejudgementing character support, and then optimize Logistics automatic system scheme；
Step 3, model is verified: being used physical model flow field result verification mathematical model analog result, and is determined each
From advantage；
Step 4, the analysis in bend water intaking open channel flow field: at bend water intaking open channel turning, water flow is influenced by bend, flow velocity
Redistributed in transverse direction, bend inducer main flow area is close to convex bank, thereafter under the action of bend centrifugal force, main flow area by
Convex bank is gradually detached to the transition of concave bank side, main flow area is close to concave bank waters in bend outlet section downstream, in open channel convex bank side downstream
Region forms large range of recirculating zone, and length, width and the intensity of recirculating zone are related to open channel incoming flow flow velocity；
Step 5, the net type selection of garbage barrier net: the net type of existing main garbage barrier net is chosen, before analyzing garbage barrier net structure and net
Flow field, selecting can be compared with the net type of the garbage barrier net of good utilisation flow field hydraulic characteristic；
Step 6, the selection of garbage barrier net installation position: the weak master formed along net stream with bend open channel formed according to garbage barrier net
When stream aggregation tends to consistent, water flow is to the optimal principle of the building-up effect of pollutant and flow field analysis as a result, dirt is blocked in selection
The installation position of net；
Step 7, the selection of garbage barrier net located level angle: according to garbage barrier net horizontal layout angleβWith recirculating zone the initial segment water
The equal deflection angle of levellingα*When close, trend can be deflected using the water flow of main flow area to a greater extent, be more advantageous to floating contact scar
The principle that object is assembled to specific region chooses garbage barrier net horizontal layout angle；The specific region refers to that floatability pollutant exists
The region assembled naturally under flow action；
Step 8, garbage barrier net lays the selection at vertical inclination angle: according to rubbing for the smaller wire side of the inclined angle of wire side and pollutant
The smaller principle of power is wiped, the vertical inclination angle of wire side is selected；
Step 9, the laying of garbage barrier net surface layer deflector: special according to the principle of water body surface layer co-current flow and open channel flow field
Sign is arranged surface layer deflector, the pollutant that water body surface layer floats is directed to the specific region of garbage barrier net；
Step 10, it the laying of garbage barrier net collection device: is collected in the specific region setting for flowing to downstream along wire side water flow
Device, for collecting in water body and the pollutant on water body surface layer.
Further, the recirculating zone the initial segment water flow deflection angleαCalculation formula are as follows:α(x)=0.0014 x 2-
0.75 x+ 78,
Wherein:x For by origin of open channel bend convex bank corner point to the coordinate distance of concave bank turning end point, 0 <x<
100；WhenxWhen=0,α=90, i.e.,α(0)=90；
Recirculating zone the initial segment water flow is averaged deflection angleα*Calculation formula are as follows:α*=[α(0)+α(50)+α(100)]/3.
It is a kind of laid using the above method bend water intaking open channel in garbage barrier net, comprising: be arranged in 90 degree of turning open channels
Oblique "-" type garbage barrier net after turning, the vertical inclination angle of the garbage barrier net are 90 degree, the garbage barrier net horizontal layout angle
It is averaged deflection angle equal or close to recirculating zone the initial segment water flowα*, one end of the garbage barrier net is curved in or near open channel
Road convex bank corner point, the other end and concave bank turning end point are ipsilateral.
Further, surface layer deflector is provided with before the garbage barrier net.
Further, the height of the surface layer deflector is less than or equal to the 1/4 of the depth of water, and the length of surface layer deflector is at least
It is the 3/4 ~ 4/5 of garbage barrier net length.
Further, one end of the surface layer deflector is equipped with collection device.
Further, the entrance width of the collection device is at least the 1/5 ~ 1/4 of garbage barrier net overall length.
The beneficial effect comprise that: the present invention is directed to typical nuclear power plant's bend open channel water-supply method, according to taking
Water open channel section feature and local hydraulic feature, take full advantage of water intaking open channel in flow pattern, and from water intaking flow velocity, pollution
Object feature, the net type of garbage barrier net, installation position, vertical tilt angle, horizontal layout angle etc. analyze raising garbage barrier net
Block the feasibility for leading dirty ability.The method of the invention proposes in lateral intake bend open channel, and the net type of garbage barrier net lays position
It sets, the distribution methods such as angle, leads dirty ability to improve blocking for garbage barrier net laying foundation is provided.And blocking according to the method design
Dirty net is realized in the form of better simply efficiently blocks dirt.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the bend water intaking open channel schematic diagram collectively constituted with regular unilateral water breakwater；
Fig. 2 is the bend water intaking open channel schematic diagram collectively constituted with irregular unilateral breakwater；
Fig. 3 is the bend water intaking open channel that bilateral is equipped with breakwater；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of one the method for the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the bend flow field analysis schematic diagram of one the method for the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is A type garbage barrier net schematic diagram described in the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 7 is Type B garbage barrier net schematic diagram described in the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 8 is c-type garbage barrier net schematic diagram described in the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 9 is the longitudinal cross-section schematic diagram of garbage barrier net described in the embodiment of the present invention four and surface layer deflector；
Figure 10 is the garbage barrier net schematic diagram that collection device is had described in the embodiment of the present invention six.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one:
The present embodiment is the distribution method of garbage barrier net in a kind of bend water intaking open channel.The bend refers to straight open channel at 90 degree
Turning is formed by open channel form, and the garbage barrier net is mainly used in the water intaking open channel of nuclear power plant.Nuclear power plant's water intaking open channel-has
Diversified forms, such as: regular breakwater (breakwater radian is 90 degree, and radius is open channel width of the channel) being set in straight open channel front end, such as Fig. 1
It is shown；Another kind is that straight open channel front end is arranged irregular breakwater (breakwater radian is more than or less than 90 degree, and radius is greater than or small
In open channel width of the channel) as shown in Figure 2；There are also one is breakwater is all provided in straight open channel front end two sides, the breakwater of two sides is set
The form of setting can be identical, can not also be identical, as shown in Figure 3.These types of bend water intaking open channel is although form is different, in open channel
Flow field characteristic is similar, and the present embodiment the method can be applicable in.
Dirt is blocked in the research method research open channel that the present embodiment is combined using physical experiments with three-dimensional mathematical model
The laying of net and its self_cleaning effect.Building water intaking open channel three-dimensional mathematical model, simulates open channel flow field feature and pollutant (object
) defeated shifting, accumulation process, instruct the design of physical model, further determine that the size of physical model, to block in Logistics automatic system
The laying of dirt net, the transport tendency research of items provide prejudgementing character and support, and then optimizes Logistics automatic system scheme, improve research effect
Rate；Physical experiments are compared by establishing scale model research water intaking open channel flow field with three-dimensional mathematical model result,
It determines water stream characteristics, carries out the self_cleaning effect experimental study that garbage barrier net is directed to items, specify the migration rule of different items, be
The laying of garbage barrier net is provided and is improved, test basis is provided." items " refer to the various sundries for including described in water body,
The floating materials such as aquatile.
Described method includes following steps, and process is as shown in Figure 4:
Step 1, construct open channel bend three-dimensional mathematical model: the building of three-dimensional mathematical model includes according to open channel design size
Building simulation free flow channel obtains flow field feature and the defeated shifting of items, accumulation process according to channel shape, and proposes to block
Dirt net is preliminary to lay principle, instructs the design of physical model.
Water intaking open channel Three-dimensional simulation can be carried out using general three-dimensional CFD software Ansys Fluent.Fluent tool
There is powerful grid tenability, supports the discontinuous grid in interface, hybrid grid, dynamic/warp mesh and Sliding mesh etc.；
And possesses the adaptive of a variety of grids based on solution, dynamic self-adapting technology and dynamic mesh and combined with grid dynamic self-adapting
Technology.Fluent, which is used, is based on finite volume method, is capable of providing non-coupled implicit algorithm, coupling explicit algorithm, coupling implicitly
Algorithm.Software includes abundant and advanced physical model, can accurate simulation without viscosity flow, laminar flow, turbulent flow.Turbulence model includes
Spalart-Allmaras model,k-ωModel group,k-eModel group, reynolds stress model (RSM) group, large eddy simulation model
(LES) group and newest separation vortex simulate (DES) and VOF model etc., in addition it can according to simulation demand self-defining with
Add turbulence model.
When using the defeated shifting of mathematical simulation simulation items, accumulation process, it wouldn't can consider to simulate between items and water flow
Items are considered as trace particle by relative motion.
Step 2, it constructs bend open channel physical model: determining the size of physical model, be garbage barrier net in physical experiments
Laying, items transport tendency research provide prejudgementing character support, and then optimize Logistics automatic system scheme, improve Efficiency.
Logistics automatic system is compared by establishing scale model research water intaking open channel flow field with three-dimensional mathematical model result
It is right, it determines water stream characteristics, carries out the self_cleaning effect experimental study that garbage barrier net is directed to items, specify the migration rule of different items
Rule, provides test basis to provide laying and the improvement of garbage barrier net.
In physical experiments, items are chosen according to its density with respect to water, can be with approximate simulation items in water body
Floating/suspended state and its relative motion that may be present and different water levels flowing difference between water body items are transported
Dynamic, the defeated influence for moving, assembling.Carry out more fine physical experiments for the preliminary suggested design of three-dimensional mathematical model to grind
Study carefully.
Open channel test of fetching water can use normal state physical model, and carry out items for typical lateral intake open channel scheme
The simulated experiment of garbage barrier net is blocked, modelling principle is as follows:
(1) it is required to completely, accurately reflect hydraulic characteristic(s) in water intaking open channel；
(2) model scope should include the water intaking structure such as open channel water inlet, open channel runner, garbage barrier net section；
(3) model is designed according to gravity similarity criterion, using greatly than ruler normal model；
(4) meet model minimum depth and water flow entirety turbulent fluctuation requirement of similarity；
(5) experimental design is closed cycle control system, convenient for the recycling of items analogies.
It is similar that modelling needs to meet water flow movement, and needs to meet each items kinematic similitude.
1. water flow movement is similar:
Modelling should with gravity it is similar based on, take into account that resistance is similar etc. to be required, it may be assumed that
, gravity similarity criterion,
In formula,h、VThe respectively corresponding depth of water, flow velocity.Footnote in formular Indicate the ratio of substance and model.
According to above-mentioned model similarity criterion, model scale relationship is as follows:
Flow-rate ratio ruler:
Velocity ratio ruler:
Roughness is than ruler:
Time scale ratio:
Meanwhile to guarantee that model fluidised form is similar to prototype, it need to guarantee that water flow Reynolds number is greater than critical Reynolds number.
2. items kinematic similitude:
The important interception surface layer of floating garbage barrier net and upper ocean biology and floating material, benthon block garbage barrier net it is general because
The extreme meteorological condition such as typhoon causes benthon to float up to water body surface layer, blocks garbage barrier net.Therefore, the present embodiment is mainly examined
Worry is inhabited in surface layer, the marine organisms on upper layer and floating material.
1. garbage barrier net is simulated:
Model garbage barrier net basic configuration is simulated according to geometric similarity, and mesh scale should be true according to equivalent resistance principle of similarity
It is fixed.In view of prototype garbage barrier net resistance very little under clean conditions, the present embodiment research emphasis is to simulate blocking dirt, leading for garbage barrier net
Dirty effect.So guaranteeing that its mesh size, material etc. are identical as prototype to block simulation emphasis, itself and items are guaranteed with approximation
Between frictional resistance consistency.
2. items geometric similarity:
Selected typical case's items are mainly to consider that its correlation approximate simulation between garbage barrier net mesh scale (does not consider object
The case where item possibility drill-through mesh).The present embodiment is mainly to simulate migration path of the items in water body and its in block leading edge
Accumulation or aggregation situation, so, analogies mainly guarantee its followability to water body, it is close to be mainly concerned with grown form
Seemingly.
3. the relative density difference requirement of similarity between items and water body:
This requires main body are as follows: guarantees relative density difference (phase of the items to water body identical as prototype between items and water body
It is similar to buoyancy), i.e. items stop water layer with marine organisms to inhabit water layer similar.The core of the present embodiment is analog study distribution
In different water levels items to water intaking garbage barrier net blockage problem.So model test is quasi- by adjusting between analogies and water body
Relative density, realize that its analogies is suspended in the requirement of different water levels substantially.In view of benthon can pass through Jet plume flow
Equal measures make it float on surface layer, the present embodiment primary study water body surface layer, upper layer items transport conditions.
Step 3, model is verified: being used physical model flow field result verification mathematical model analog result, and is determined each
From advantage.
Application example citing:
The long 200m of open channel import, bend diameter 200m, the straight long 600m of open channel, open channel wide 100m, depth of water 8m；
Feature flow velocity: mean flow rate 0.3,0.5,0.8m/s；Fetch water total flow about: 240,400,640m3/s；
Garbage barrier net pore size: 10 × 10mm of prototype, mesh wire diameter 1mm；
Physical experiments are carried out in water trough model, and water trough model is followed successively by inlet segment along water (flow) direction, active section, moves back
Water section can be 20m, width 6m with total length.Comprehensively consider the principle in relation to modelling and above-mentioned model similarity item
Part, while the factors such as model test room site condition and water supply, power supply capacity are taken into account, model is using 1:40 just than ruler
States model, relevant parameter are as follows than ruler:
Geometric proportion ruler: Lr=40；
Velocity ratio ruler: Vr= Lr 1/2=6.32；
Time scale ratio: Tr= Lr 1/2=6.32；
Flow-rate ratio ruler: Qr= Lr 5/2=10120；
Roughness coefficien is than ruler: nr= Lr 1/6=1.85.
Accordingly, Parameters in Mathematical Model:
Model space size: 17.5 × 4.5 × 0.2m；
Flow rate: model flow velocity is 0.047,0.079,0.126 m/s；Model flow is 23.7,39.3,63.2L/s.
Model mesh size: be based on Such analysis, using with prototype same material, the block of 10 × 10mm mesh.
The selection of items:
Water flow is the carrier of marine organisms movement.Its ability of actively moving about of the marine organisms that the present embodiment is related to is weaker or nothing
Travelling ability, the followability between water flow is preferable, vulnerable to water intaking confluence function influence.
Analogies items feature: considering that it is suspended in upper layer or surface layer, density is close with water phase or items suffered by buoyancy with from
Galassing weighing apparatus.In view of test model by the way of comparing the migration of sunykatuib analysis items and its block block it is dirty, lead dirty effect, so
Tracer (each scheme equal densities) mode of suitable closeness is discharged in test using water intaking open channel inlet upstream feature section
Carry out this item analog study, tracer specifically discharges density and determined by preliminary experiment, and target is identical incoming flow, block setting side
Guarantee the wire side position of its block in the case of case, floating material has the almost the same regularity of distribution.
Items selection and production: according to theoretical analysis and test effect early period and verifying, a variety of items is used and carry out examination
It tests:
1. round items: being made of polyethylene, float on the round items on surface layer, diameter 20mm, thickness is about
2mm；
2. rod-shaped items: it is made of polyethylene pipe and sculpture greasy filth, is suspended in water body upper layer (in 4cm) high 45mm of bar,
Rod tube diameter is about 6mm, and when suspended state, polyethylene pipe is higher by the water surface about 5mm；
3. rectangular items: it is made of bamboo pod plate, cube surface layer paraffin uniform fold, adjusts bamboo pod block specific gravity,
Side length is 10mm, floats on water body surface layer, and water body is immersed in part；
4. fescue (Bulbostylis barbata): for Liliopsida Cyperales sedge goalpost grass seeds, distribution with
The ground such as East China, Central-South and Liaoning, Hebei, Taiwan, leaf papery is linear, and withered grass immersion is chosen in test, and average length is about after trimming
10cm, floats on water body surface layer, the easy cluster floating of fescue, and easy linked network influences each other more significant；
5. poplar (Pterocarya stenoptera) inflorescence: poplar is Dicotyledoneae object Salicales Salicaceae poplar
Belong to Chinese ash kind, it is widely distributed, test acquisition poplar inflorescence (poplar fruit) be spring poplar budding bloom before the inflorescence won,
Strip, to raw spherefruit on branch, experiment screening inflorescence average length is about 15cm, is suspended in water body upper layer, is easily wound, more
Easy linked network influences each other significant.
Open channel object mould uses lateral influent stream, to guarantee the uniform, smooth of incoming flow, adds the test of 2m in entrance direction of flow
Changeover portion.At the same time, it is influenced to avoid active section water flow state from being dropped by tail-gate, open channel latter end tail-gate leading edge also has additional foot
Enough long changeover portions.Open channel bottom is smoothed out with cement mortar, guarantees canal bottom resistance requirement of similarity (usual nuclear power plant's water intaking open channel bottom
Portion's roughness is 0.018-0.020, and therefore, 0.011) it is that physical model, which requires open channel bottom roughness,.Open channel sink side wall is higher by slot
Bottom 0.5m.Being equipped with a maximum stream flow is that 63.2L/s water pump is fetched water from pond, after determining flow by flowmeter, through energy dissipating,
Entered after stream facility rectification by sink upstream boundary, guarantees that incoming flow is uniformly straight and enter from sink upstream boundary.
Physical model upstream and downstream are supplied water by water pump, pipeline and laboratory into draining and are connected, using closed cycle method,
Meet maximum stream flow requirement, each operating condition flow is controlled by valve and flowmeter.
The setting of experiment survey meter device and measurement content and precision:
Flow velocity: three-dimensional ultrasonic current meter (NorTek Micro ADV) measures three-dimensional flow, precision 1%；
Water level: measuring water level using Steel Ruler, needle water level gauge and high-accuracy digital water level instrument, and Steel Ruler measurement accuracy ±
0.5mm, high-accuracy digital water level instrument measure measurement accuracy ± 0.1mm；
Flow: sink inlet flow rate uses electromagnetic flowmeter, precision ± 0.35%, disengaging stream variable frequency pump, for realizing model
The loop control of water flow；
Using tracer and high pixel digital camcorder, digital camera record flow field and test scene, and record items
Distribution or accumulation situation before release process and garbage barrier net.
(1) flow field comparative analysis:
When incoming flow flow velocity is 0.8m/s, obtained by Logistics automatic system result: Logistics automatic system surface layer Flow Field Distribution meets bend
Properties of flow, water flow flow to concave bank from convex bank, and at open channel turning, obvious reflux is presented in convex bank nearside.
When incoming flow flow velocity is 0.8m/s operating condition, from comparing result: three-dimensional mathematical model calculated result and object mould are surveyed
Constant current field result more coincide, three-dimensional mathematical model calculated result accurately capture the offset variation of mainstream in open channel,
Overall structure, distribution of recirculating zone etc..
(2) feature section velocity flow profile comparative analysis
When incoming flow flow velocity be 0.8m/s when, feature section, comprising: open channel become a mandarin control section, curve control section, reflux
Finishing control section etc., Logistics automatic system measures flow velocity and the comparison of three-dimensional mathematical model calculated result is very close.
The result shows that: entrance feature section incoming flow maximum, minimum flow velocity and mean flow rate relative deviation in Logistics automatic system
Value substantially no more than 10%, incoming flow uniformity is preferable.It after water flow enters bend, is influenced by concave bank, main flow area is inclined by central area
Move near convex bank, later, under the action of bend centrifugal force, main flow area progressively disengage convex bank (mainstream show significantly by
The process that convex bank is shifted to concave bank, convex bank flow velocity is larger when into bend, concave bank flow velocity is smaller), water flow after bend adjusts,
It is transferred in bend downstream (straight channel) main flow area close to the region of concave bank, it is thereafter, main with the continuous extension of open channel straight section
It flows area gradually to adjust to open channel center, until model end mainstream is still in adjustment.
Three-dimensional mathematical model result has equally reflected the variation characteristic of bend stream, coincide with object mould result preferable.
Step 4, the analysis in bend water intaking open channel flow field: at bend water intaking open channel turning, water flow is influenced by bend, flow velocity
It is redistributed in transverse direction, bend inducer main flow area is close to convex bank (left bank), main thereafter under the action of bend centrifugal force
Stream area progressively disengages convex bank (left bank) to concave bank (right bank) side transition, and in bend outlet section downstream, main flow area is (right close to concave bank
Bank) waters, open channel convex bank (left bank) side downstream area formed withrCentered on, withαIt flows back for the larger range of water flow deflection angle
Area, the length of recirculating zonel, widthwAnd intensity is related to open channel incoming flow flow velocity, determines the characteristic value (beginning/head of open channel recirculating zone
End, end/end) it is of great significance to the laying of garbage barrier net, as shown in figure 5, D is water (flow) direction, dotted line in Fig. 5 in Fig. 5
Terminate section for open channel bend.
Carry out operating mode feature flow field analysis different in flow rate according to three-dimensional mathematical model and object mould achievement:
(1) environmental flow:
Comprehensive three-dimensional mathematical model and object mould are as a result, analyze integrated environment fluidised form in open channel: physical model and 3-d mathematics
The result that model calculates reflects the characteristic redistributed in Solution of Flow in Curved Channel flow velocity transverse direction, momentum caused by bend secondary flow
Transportation causes open channel Solution of Flow in Curved Channel main flow area gradually to migrate from the inside to the outside.
(2) feature section flow velocity:
Under different operating conditions, (open channel becomes a mandarin control section, bend import/export control section, top punching for feature section in open channel
Point section, reflux finishing control section) to show apparent bend stream special for the feature section velocity flow profile of velocity flow profile situation
Sign.
The cross-sectional flow degree of deviationγDefinition: the difference of defined feature cross-sectional flow maximum value Vmax and section minimum flow velocity Vmin
The ratio of value and mean velocity in section Vmean are the cross-sectional flow degree of deviationγ, it may be assumed that
γ=(Vmax-Vmin)/Vmean.
Statistical result shows: it is preferable in the uniformity of bend admission section velocity flow profile, point off surface current speed deviation is rushed on top
It spends larger, illustrates that water flow is influenced mainstream by bend and gradually generates offset, flow velocity is distributed generation variation in the horizontal direction.It is flowing back
It is bigger to terminate the cross-sectional flow degree of deviation, illustrates that water flow is influenced mainstream by bend and redistributed, flow velocity is distributed in the horizontal direction is in
Existing larger difference.Each feature section table indsole mean flow rate difference is relatively small.
(3) recirculating zone feature:
Result of study shows: compared with Logistics automatic system result, though the recirculating zone that three-dimensional mathematical model calculates is slightly less than object mould
As a result, but three-dimensional mathematical model remain to the accurate characteristic value for simulating recirculating zone；By comparing each operating condition recirculation zone,
Reflux is generated in bend Outlet Section, and circulating flow strength obviously weakens or disappears near the 400m of open channel surface layer.
Research shows that: each operating condition recirculating zone surface water water flow deflection angleαIt is varied along journey.Water flow deflection angle refers to back
Flow the deflection angle of water flow and main flow direction (horizontal angle) on area's envelope, i.e., water flow tangential direction and master on the envelope of recirculating zone
The angle in direction is flowed, as shown in figure 5, being the variable for characterizing recirculating zone and being formed with being developed.Recirculating zone originates under different inlet flow conditions
The average deflection angle of section (recirculating zone starting point to top range)α*About 44 °.Water flow is averaged deflection angleα*It is average value, is several
The arithmetic mean of feature locations angle.Garbage barrier net horizontal layout angleβIt is averaged deflection angle with recirculating zone the initial segment water flowα*It is close.
(4) water body surface layer particle migration rule:
Migration basic law based on three-dimensional mathematical model calculated result analyzing water body surface layer particle.Calculated result shows:
Due to not considering the autokinetic movement of particle and influencing each other, followability of the particle in flow field is higher, under different operating conditions, particle fortune
Dynamic distribution trend is similar, presents: initial uniform distribution into after bend, is influenced particle by bend stream and is showed to concave bank
The trend of migration, and gradually concentrate on concave bank nearby mainstream region, but with water flow through bend adjustment after, the influence of bend is gradually
Weaken, main flow area gradually broadens, and the integrated distribution trend of particle dies down.
In summary: under different incoming flow operating conditions, open channel entirety flow field embodies apparent bend stream feature, surface layer main flow area
It being deviated in bend import from central area to convex bank, mainstream is gradually distance from convex bank after curved top, after bend adjusts, water flow master
Stream area is transferred to close to the region of concave bank；Reflux, which generates, originates in bend Outlet Section, in open channel downstream 400m near zone water
Body circulating flow strength obviously weakens or disappears.The items that the present embodiment is paid close attention to be mainly characterized by comprising: no travelling ability (or travelling energy
Power is weaker), it is preferable with the followability of water flow, therefore, in conjunction with items and flow pattern analysis it is found that Solution of Flow in Curved Channel is conducive to items
Aggregation, the adjustment by bend to water flow, surface layer main flow direction concave bank concentrate, be conducive to the preferable items of followability with main flow direction
Concave bank migration, aggregation；If items are with stream migration to recirculation zone, local return will likely fetter items and downstream migrate, in turn
Influence largely assembling and collect in main flow area for items.Based on the angle analysis of advantageous items aggregation, the installation position of garbage barrier net
It should avoid as far as possible recirculation zone but the concentration characteristic of Solution of Flow in Curved Channel need to be made full use of, so, the reflux of left bank caused by bend
Area's head end and the feature locations of end two are the more excellent positions for laying garbage barrier net.
Step 5, the net type selection of garbage barrier net: the net type of existing main garbage barrier net is chosen, before analyzing garbage barrier net structure and net
Flow field, selecting can be compared with the net type of the garbage barrier net of good utilisation flow field hydraulic characteristic.
Garbage barrier net can there are many forms, such as: using the "-" type garbage barrier net vertical with water (flow) direction, this garbage barrier net is
Existing most common garbage barrier net, there are also the garbage barrier nets being tilted a certain angle with water (flow) direction and fold-line-shaped garbage barrier net, curve to block
The forms such as dirt net.Since without the guidance and regulation of specification or directive/guide, the net type selection of nuclear power plant's garbage barrier net is not united at this stage
One standard, under normal conditions by be arranged it is simple it is low in cost for the purpose of, block dirty efficiency and hardly result in guarantee.
The garbage barrier net being laid in open channel has certain effect that blocks water, and the garbage barrier net of different net type exists in net leading edge
Along the weak along net stream of wire side flowing.The intercepting efficiency of garbage barrier net is directly affected along the power of net stream, and blocks dirty effect, therefore,
It must be paid attention to.It analyzes the weak of various net type and chooses multiple net type along net stream, further to select in an experiment.
The garbage barrier net that this application example has chosen three kinds of forms carries out the concrete analysis along net stream: A, tri- kinds of net type of B, C,
In: A type 1 is oblique "-" type, sees that Fig. 6, Type B 2 are convex V-shaped, sees Fig. 7, c-type 3 is recessed V-shaped, sees Fig. 8.
Step 6, the selection of garbage barrier net installation position: the weak master formed along net stream with bend open channel formed according to garbage barrier net
When stream aggregation tends to consistent, water flow is to the optimal principle of the building-up effect of pollutant and flow field analysis as a result, dirt is blocked in selection
The installation position of net.
It is limited to the effect that blocks water of garbage barrier net, there is weak suitable net stream really in different types garbage barrier net leading edge, in Fig. 6,7,8
ArroweShown in direction.Based on flow field analysis it is found that bend has a certain impact to the distribution tool of mainstream in open channel, mainstream is curved
Road import is migrated from center to convex bank, mainstream is shifted far from convex (left side) bank to recessed (right side) bank after curved top.
A type net: observing in test, and the suitable net weak current from left bank to right bank is formed before netting, and the aggregation with mainstream tends to one
It causes, slightly enhances the building-up effect of mainstream, be conducive to items and form the trend assembled to concave bank.
The aggregation of suitable net weak current and mainstream that Type B net and c-type net have local wire side to be formed tends on the contrary, to a certain degree
On weaken the building-up effect of mainstream, be unfavorable for items and assemble to specific position.Therefore, in the net type of three kinds of garbage barrier nets, A type net
Bend water flow field adjusted can be preferably utilized, the waterpower item that auxiliary items are assembled to specific position is advantageously formed
Part.
It is garbage barrier net cloth using assembling along net stream auxiliary floatability pollutant to specific region before bend flow field and garbage barrier net
If the main design thought of position.According to flow field analysis as a result, determining that the characteristic value of open channel recirculating zone is laid with weight to garbage barrier net
The reference significance wanted.
Fetch water open channel flow field analysis the result shows that: A type net is the more suitable laying pattern of garbage barrier net, recirculating zone in open channel
Head end and end are the more excellent position for laying garbage barrier net.Based on previous research, carries out items and discharge test, focusing on comparative grinds
Study carefully the suitability that A type screen cloth is located at recirculating zone end and head end position, i.e. its influence to items concentration class.Controlling test item
Part: water intaking flow velocity is 0.8m/s, and test is chosen with rod-shaped items fluidity preferably round items and influenced by table/upper water column
As analogies, garbage barrier net placement location is respectively that (open channel straight way starts for recirculating zone end (at open channel straight way 400m) and head end
Before), it is placed perpendicular to canal bottom, block takes 45 ° (approximate recirculating zone the initial segment water flows be averaged deflection angle) with open channel side wall angle.
During items discharge test, in open channel inlet features section every the one group of items of release in 30 seconds, every group of items packet
It includes surface layer and floats round items × 50 or rectangular items × 50 of surface layer floating, upper layer rod-shaped items × 50 of suspension, continue
It discharges 10 minutes, discharges 20 groups, totally 2000 items, test is repeated several times, subregion counts distribution feelings of the items before garbage barrier net
Condition.
Concentration class definition: the similar items quantity of adjacent any two sections of (region) wire side leading edges is definedN J The sum of with always apply
Put similar itemsN 0The ratio of quantity is concentration classη, it may be assumed that
η=N J /N 0
According to engineering experience, initial setting garbage barrier net automatically cleaning target are as follows: the maximum concentration class of each items of feature locations is not
Less than 80%.
Items are found during discharging test: the round items for swimming in water body surface layer are preferable with fluidity, most roundels
Item gradually collects to mainstream region, and part circular items continue to collect along net to right bank before reaching garbage barrier net, only a few roundel
Item patch net；The rod-shaped items on water body upper layer are suspended in, migration is influenced by water flow and unique characteristics, showed certain to mainstream
The trend that region is collected, but when rod-shaped items reach before net, linked network is easily formed, subsequent items are vulnerable to its blocking, adhesion shadow
It rings and forms continuous accumulation area to the upstream side along net.
Items are discharged test result and are shown:
1. garbage barrier net is placed on open channel recirculating zone end, flowed despite the presence of along net, but due to very weak along net intensity of flow,
There is certain congregational rate to the object for floating on water body surface layer and its shape is not easy to adhesion, but is suspended in water body for most of
Upper layer, shape then are difficult to form building-up effect for rod-shaped or other irregular shapes floating material, wherein rod-shaped floating items
Maximum concentration class is 35%；
2. garbage barrier net is placed on open channel recirculating zone head end, the maximum concentration class 38% of rod-shaped floating items, i.e. its aggregation
Effect makes moderate progress compared with recirculating zone end scheme, but still is not enough to reach items aggregation and requires, it is difficult to realize garbage barrier net from clear
Clean target.It analyzes, is thought using the design assembled along net stream auxiliary items to specific region before bend flow field and garbage barrier net accordingly
Road is that reasonably, the items building-up effect that generally garbage barrier net is laid in recirculating zone head end is better than recirculating zone end layout scheme,
In addition in view of the uncertainty of recirculating zone range under the conditions of varying environment stream, it is more suitable that garbage barrier net is laid in recirculating zone head end
Preferably, it but also far from the automatically cleaning target for meeting items aggregation, still needs to that other ancillary measures is taken to be improved.It analyzes accordingly,
Follow-up study is based on garbage barrier net and is laid in the progress of recirculating zone head end scheme.
Therefore, garbage barrier net is placed in open channel left bank by " oblique "-" type " and block front end, and rear end is placed in open channel right bank, has
The trend assembled to open channel right bank is formed conducive to floatability pollutant.
Step 7, the selection of garbage barrier net located level angle: according to garbage barrier net horizontal layout angleβWith recirculating zone the initial segment water
The equal deflection angle of levellingα*When close, the deflection trend of mainstream can be utilized to a greater extent, is more advantageous to pollutant to specific region
The principle of aggregation chooses garbage barrier net horizontal layout angle,α*It can be obtained by calculation formula.The specific region refers to drift
The region that buoyancy pollutant is assembled naturally under flow action.
The horizontal layout angle refers to sharp angle of the garbage barrier net on horizontal cross-section with the angle of water (flow) directionβ,
As shown in Fig. 6,7,8.
It is analyzed according to bend Field Characteristics, block level angle laying is close with open channel flow field distribution relation, works as block
Horizontal layout and recirculating zone the initial segment the water flow deflection angle that is averaged are close, can utilize the deflection trend of main flow area to a greater extent, more
Be conducive to floatability pollutant to assemble to specific region.
Step 8, garbage barrier net lays the selection at vertical inclination angle: according to rubbing for the smaller wire side of the inclined angle of wire side and pollutant
The smaller principle of power is wiped, the vertical inclination angle of wire side is selected.
It blocks vertical inclination angle, that is, the acute angle blocked with open channel bottomδ, as shown in Figure 9.According to flow field and pollutant
Characteristic, when garbage barrier net wire side is tilted a certain angle laying, the relative contact product of Yi Zengjia wire side and floatability pollutant, in turn
Increase the frictional resistance between pollutant and wire side, so that pollutant is easier to linked network.Therefore, by garbage barrier net open channel bottom vertical as far as possible
Be laid with and be conducive to sticking effect between pollution abatement object and wire side, to realize garbage barrier net block lead it is dirty more advantageous.
Step 9, the laying of garbage barrier net surface layer deflector: according to pollutant with the followability of water flow movement, surface layer is set and is led
The pollutant that water body surface layer floats is directed at garbage barrier net specific region by flowing plate, and the height of surface layer deflector is no more than the depth of water
1/4, the length of surface layer deflector is at least the 3/4 ~ 4/5 of garbage barrier net length.
Surface layer deflector is one piece of long rectangular plate being arranged in front of garbage barrier net net, and fraction exposes the surface, most of in water
(ratio is about 1:10) below face, that is, deflector on water body surface layer play guide functions, and overcurrent under plate, surface layer works as water guide
When the bank of plate and channel is angled, water flow can be flowed according to along deflector direction before deflector, therefore, strengthened and blocked dirt
Arrow in the intensity flowed before net along net, water conservancy diversion direction such as Fig. 6eShown in direction.
It is enhancing water body surface layer along net stream, surface layer deflector is added before garbage barrier net, plate width is the 1/4 of the depth of water, and plate is a length of
The 4/5 of garbage barrier net length, material are polystyrene foam, are laid along garbage barrier net leading edge from bend convex bank to concave bank.Add surface layer
After deflector, the characteristic in bend flow field is more significant, and after bend and the adjustment of surface layer deflector, open channel mainstream is more inclined to concave bank
It moves, net leading edge is reinforced along net flow velocity is opposite, is conducive to floatability pollutant and assembles to specific region, such as the arrow in Fig. 6eIt is shown.
Step 10, the laying of garbage barrier net collection device: downstream setting collection device is being flowed to along wire side water flow, for receiving
Collect in water body and the pollutant on water body surface layer, the entrance width of the collection device are at least the 1/5 ~ 1/4 of garbage barrier net overall length.
To collect the suspended contaminant in water body and the floatability pollutant on water body surface layer, it is arranged in the downstream of garbage barrier net and receives
Acquisition means.Collection device is used cooperatively with surface layer deflector, collects floatability pollutant.Collection device can also add salvaging and set
It applies, pollutant is salvaged from water.
It is close on the right side of garbage barrier net on the basis of surface layer deflector is laid on garbage barrier net surface layer preferably to collect pollutant
Bank section adds contaminant collecting device.
Embodiment two:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment, and be embodiment one is averaged deflection angle about recirculating zone the initial segment water flowα*It is thin
Change.The initial segment water flow deflection angle in recirculating zone described in the present embodimentαCalculation formula are as follows:α=0.0014 x 2-0.75 x+ 78,
Wherein:x For by origin of open channel bend convex bank corner point to the coordinate distance of concave bank turning end point, 0 <x<
100；WhenxWhen=0,α=90, i.e.,α(0)=90.
The present embodiment is to determineαThe quadratic regression formula at angle.DescribedαWater flow tangential direction on angle, that is, recirculating zone envelope
It is the variable for characterizing recirculating zone and being formed with being developed, the horizontal layout angle of garbage barrier net is i.e. according to the angle with the angle of main flow direction
Setting.x For along open channel bend terminate section (in Fig. 5 dotted line mark section) distance (0 <x<100).
Recirculating zone the initial segment water flow is averaged deflection angleα*It is characterized position water flow deflection angleαAverage value, calculation formula are as follows:α*=[α(0)+α(50)+α(100)]/3.
Embodiment three:
The present embodiment is a kind of garbage barrier net that the bend laid using one the method for embodiment is fetched water in open channel, packet
It includes: the oblique "-" type garbage barrier net after 90 degree of turning open channels 6 are turned is set, and the vertical inclination angle of the garbage barrier net is 90 degree, institute
Garbage barrier net horizontal layout angle is stated to be averaged deflection angle equal or close to recirculating zone the initial segment water flowα*, the one of the garbage barrier net
End is in or near open channel bend convex bank corner point, and the other end and concave bank turning end point are ipsilateral, as shown in Figure 6.
One end (left bank one end) of garbage barrier net is located in open channel bend convex bank inflection point in Fig. 6, and the other end (right bank one end) is set
Contaminant collecting device is set, it is ipsilateral to be set to concave bank turning end point in items collection device, is equivalent to one end of garbage barrier net.
Dirty ability is led to blocking for floatability pollutant to improve garbage barrier net, the method for garbage barrier net is laid in bend open channel
For choosing " oblique "-" type " screen cloth is set to open channel recirculating zone head end, and the wire side of garbage barrier net should be vertical with open channel bottom as far as possible, garbage barrier net
With the horizontal sextant angle of open channel side wallβShould be averaged with recirculating zone the initial segment water flow deflection angle as far as possibleα*It is close, in block leading edge water body
Surface layer deflector is added on surface layer, and right side offshore section of blocking adds items collection device.
Example IV:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment about surface layer deflector.The present embodiment
Surface layer deflector 5 is provided with before the garbage barrier net, such as Fig. 9.
Surface layer deflector is arranged in the water surface, and primary barrier swims in the objects such as the weeds of the water surface, and will using guide functions
These floating materials are guided in collection device.
Embodiment five:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment about surface layer deflector.The present embodiment
The height of the surface layer deflector is less than or equal to the 1/4 of the depth of water, and the length of surface layer deflector is at least the 3/4 of garbage barrier net length
~4/5。
The height of surface layer deflector refers to that the height above and below the water surface, length refer to the length extended along garbage barrier net.
Embodiment six:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment about collection device.The present embodiment institute
The one end for stating surface layer deflector is equipped with collection device 4, as shown in Figure 10.
The right bank for being mounted on channel is collected, i.e., on one side, the dirt for guiding surface layer deflector is able to enter wherein convex bank, is received
The initial position of acquisition means is that surface layer deflector lays end position.
Embodiment seven:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, is refinement of the above-described embodiment about surface layer deflector.The present embodiment
The entrance width of the collection device is at least the 1/5 ~ 1/4 of garbage barrier net overall length.
Finally it should be noted that being only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and not to limit it above, although referring to preferable cloth
The scheme of setting describes the invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to technology of the invention
Scheme (such as form and quality of garbage barrier net, the method for experiment and detection, the sequencing of step etc.) is modified or is waited
With replacement, without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the distribution method of garbage barrier net in a kind of bend water intaking open channel, which is characterized in that described method includes following steps:
Step 1, construct bend open channel three-dimensional mathematical model: the building of three-dimensional mathematical model includes constructing according to open channel design size
Free flow channel is simulated, flow field feature and the defeated shifting of items, accumulation process are obtained according to channel shape, and propose garbage barrier net
It is preliminary to lay principle, instruct the design of physical model；
Step 2, it constructs bend open channel physical model: determining the size of physical model, be the cloth of garbage barrier net in physical experiments
If, the research of the transport tendencies of items provides prejudgementing character and supports, and then optimize Logistics automatic system scheme；
Step 3, model is verified: using physical model flow field result verification mathematical model analog result, and determination is respective
Advantage；
Step 4, the analysis in bend water intaking open channel flow field: bend is fetched water in open channel, and water flow is influenced by bend, is carried out in flow velocity transverse direction
It redistributes, bend inducer main flow area is close to convex bank, and thereafter under the action of bend centrifugal force, main flow area progressively disengages convex bank
To the transition of concave bank side, in bend outlet section downstream, main flow area is close to concave bank waters, open channel convex bank side downstream area formed compared with
Large-scale recirculating zone, length, width and the intensity of recirculating zone are related to open channel incoming flow flow velocity；
Step 5, the net type selection of garbage barrier net: choosing the net type of existing main garbage barrier net, analyzes garbage barrier net structure and the preceding flow field of net,
Selecting can be compared with the net type of the garbage barrier net of good utilisation flow field hydraulic characteristic；
Step 6, the selection of garbage barrier net installation position: the weak mainstream formed along net stream and bend open channel formed according to garbage barrier net is poly-
When collection tends to consistent, water flow is to the optimal principle of the building-up effect of pollutant and flow field analysis as a result, selection garbage barrier net
Installation position；
Step 7, the selection of garbage barrier net located level angle: according to garbage barrier net horizontal layout angleβIt is flat with recirculating zone the initial segment water flow
Equal deflection angleα*When close, can to a greater extent using main flow area water flow deflect trend, be more advantageous to floatability pollutant to
The principle of specific region aggregation chooses garbage barrier net horizontal layout angle；The specific region refers to floatability pollutant in water flow
Act on the region of lower nature aggregation；
Step 8, garbage barrier net lays the selection at vertical inclination angle: according to the frictional force of the inclined angle of wire side smaller wire side and pollutant
Smaller principle selects the vertical inclination angle of wire side；
Step 9, the laying of garbage barrier net surface layer deflector: according to pollutant with the followability of water flow movement, being arranged surface layer deflector,
The pollutant of in water body and water body surface layer floating is directed to the specific region of garbage barrier net；
Step 10, the laying of garbage barrier net collection device: being arranged collection device in the specific region for flowing to downstream along wire side water flow,
For collecting in water body and the pollutant on water body surface layer.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the recirculating zone the initial segment water flow deflection angleαCalculating
Formula are as follows:α=0.0014 x 2-0.75 x+ 78,
Wherein:x For by origin of open channel bend convex bank corner point to the coordinate distance of concave bank turning end point, 0≤x≤100；
WhenxWhen=0,α=90, i.e.,α(0)=90；
Recirculating zone the initial segment water flow is averaged deflection angleα*It is characterized position water flow deflection angleαAverage value, calculation formula are as follows:α*=
[α(0)+α(50)+α(100)]/3.
3. garbage barrier net in a kind of bend water intaking open channel laid using claim 2 the method, comprising: setting turns at 90 degree
Oblique "-" type garbage barrier net after curved open channel turning, the vertical inclination angle of the garbage barrier net are 90 degree, which is characterized in that described blocks
Dirty net horizontal layout angle is equal or close to recirculating zone the initial segment water flow and is averaged deflection angleα, one end position of the garbage barrier net
In or close to open channel bend convex bank corner point, the other end and concave bank turning end point are ipsilateral.
4. garbage barrier net according to claim 3, which is characterized in that be provided with surface layer deflector before the garbage barrier net.
5. garbage barrier net according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the height of the surface layer deflector is less than or equal to the depth of water
1/4, the length of surface layer deflector is at least the 3/4 ~ 4/5 of garbage barrier net length.
6. garbage barrier net according to claim 5, which is characterized in that one end of the surface layer deflector is equipped with collection device.
7. garbage barrier net according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the entrance width of the collection device, which is at least, blocks dirt
The 1/5 ~ 1/4 of net overall length.
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