CN109043272A - 蛎参肽固体饮料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
蛎参肽固体饮料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109043272A CN109043272A CN201810966773.3A CN201810966773A CN109043272A CN 109043272 A CN109043272 A CN 109043272A CN 201810966773 A CN201810966773 A CN 201810966773A CN 109043272 A CN109043272 A CN 109043272A
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Abstract
蛎参肽固体饮料及其制备方法，涉及固体饮料。蛎参肽固体饮料的组成为昆布3～12g，牡蛎肉2～8g，人参3～9g，大豆肽0.1～0.5g、芡实6～10g、薏苡仁6～10g、茯苓6～10g、白扁豆2～10g、甘草0.5～5g、麦芽2～5g、山楂2～5g、山药1～5g、陈皮1～4g、葛根1～5g。一个昆布和牡蛎肉的预处理，得昆布牡蛎肉干粉步骤；一个大豆的预处理，得大豆肽步骤；一个其他原料的预处理，得其他原料半成品步骤；将昆布牡蛎肉干粉、大豆肽和其他原料半成品混合，得蛎参肽固体饮料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及固体饮料，尤其是涉及一种蛎参肽固体饮料及其制备方法。
背景技术
在中国药典中，记载了人参健脾丸、茯苓白术丸和保和丸等配方。
(1)人参健脾丸：人参白术(麸炒)茯苓山药陈皮木香砂仁黄芪(蜜制)当归酸枣仁(炒)远志(制)；健脾益气，和胃止泻。用于脾胃虚弱引起的饮食不化，倒饱嘈杂，恶心呕吐，腹痛便溏，不思饮食，体弱倦怠。
(2)茯苓白术丸(党参白术丸)：茯苓白术党参白扁豆(炒)山药(炒)莲子砂仁薏苡仁(炒)陈皮甘草(蜜制)桔梗；健脾益气，和胃化湿。用于脾虚湿困，食欲不振，脘腹胀闷，大便溏烂，形体虚弱，神疲乏力，面色萎黄，舌淡嫩，苔白腻，脉虚缓。
(3)保和丸：山楂(焦)六神曲(炒)半夏(制)茯苓陈皮连翘莱菔子(炒)麦芽(炒)；消食、导滞、和胃。用于食积停滞，脘腹胀满，嗳腐吞酸，不欲饮食。
但是上述配方中可能会引起不良反应的药材，如远志，消化道溃疡病及胃炎者慎用；白术，阴虚内热或津亏燥渴者不宜服用；黄芪，凡表实邪盛、气盛湿阻、食积内停、阴虚阳亢、痈疽初起或溃后热毒尚盛者均不宜用；木香，阴虚火旺者慎用；莱菔子，耗气，气虚及无食积、痰滞者慎用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有的人参健脾丸、茯苓白术丸和保和丸等配方存在的问题，提供一种改进的蛎参肽固体饮料及其制备方法。
所述蛎参肽固体饮料的组成按质量比为昆布3～12g，牡蛎肉2～8g，人参3～9g，大豆肽0.1～0.5g、芡实6～10g、薏苡仁6～10g、茯苓6～10g、白扁豆2～10g、甘草0.5～5g、麦芽2～5g、山楂2～5g、山药1～5g、陈皮1～4g、葛根1～5g。
所述蛎参肽固体饮料的组成按质量比最好为昆布6g，牡蛎肉3g，人参5.5g，大豆肽0.2g、芡实4.1g、薏苡仁4.1g、茯苓4.8g、白扁豆(炒)4.1g、甘草(炙)1.3g、麦芽(炒)3.5g、山楂3.5g、山药2g、陈皮2g、葛根2g。
所述蛎参肽固体饮料的制备方法如下：
一个昆布和牡蛎肉的预处理，得昆布牡蛎肉干粉步骤；
一个大豆的预处理，得大豆肽步骤；
一个其他原料的预处理，得其他原料半成品步骤；
将昆布牡蛎肉干粉、大豆肽和其他原料半成品混合，得蛎参肽固体饮料。
所述昆布和牡蛎肉的预处理，得昆布牡蛎肉干粉的具体方法可为：
将昆布和牡蛎肉清洗、晾干、粉碎过100目筛，再用去离子水55℃加热提取，得提取液，再真空减压浓缩得浓缩膏，再喷雾干燥，粉碎过80目筛，得干粉，混合均匀后取样检测；所述加热提取可每次4倍量提取1.5h，共提取3次，历时4.5h；所述真空减压浓缩的条件可在70℃、-0.06MPa真空减压浓缩至比重为1.1～1.15膏状。
所述大豆的预处理，得大豆肽的具体方法可为：
将大豆清洗、晾干、粉碎，得碎原料，碎原料采用复合酶水解法，水解初期，采用端肽酶法脱苦，得大豆肽。
所述其他原料预处理，得其他原料半成品的具体方法可为：
将其他原料用10倍量水提取2次，每次2h，温度95±5℃，渣废弃，再浓缩，喷雾干燥得半成品，然后粉碎过筛，混合，得其他原料半成品；所述浓缩的条件可为温度65±6℃，真空度-(0.040～0.080)MPa，比重1.03～1.05；所述喷雾干燥的进风温度可为140～190℃，出风温度可为78～85℃；所述过筛可为80目筛，所述混合的时间可为30min。
本发明可将不同产地原料通过鉴别比较，择优进购。此外，大豆肽可采用多种蛋白酶联用进行水解获得3～6个氨基酸。并对最后制成的各味药材粉末进行理化性质和卫生指标检测。
本发明所制备的蛎参肽固体饮料的功效在于补气健脾、安神益肺、开胃消食、提高免疫，以改善肿瘤康复患者和体弱多病者的体质。其中，以葛根、茯苓、薏苡仁、陈皮、芡实、甘草补气健脾，山楂、麦芽、山药开胃消食，人参、茯苓、白扁豆、山药、葛根安神益肺，昆布(多糖)、大豆肽提高免疫。
本发明借鉴了中国药典中人参健脾丸、茯苓白术丸和保和丸3个配方，做了改良，秉持君臣佐使之理、药食同源之道，开创具有补气健脾、安神益肺、开胃消食、提高免疫等功效的固体饮料，移气养体，以望改善肿瘤康复患者和体弱多病者的体质。
本发明摒弃了以上配方中可能会引起不良反应的药材，如远志，消化道溃疡病及胃炎者慎用；白术，阴虚内热或津亏燥渴者不宜服用；黄芪，凡表实邪盛、气盛湿阻、食积内停、阴虚阳亢、痈疽初起或溃后热毒尚盛者均不宜用；木香，阴虚火旺者慎用；莱菔子，耗气，气虚及无食积、痰滞者慎用。君臣佐使以芡实，葛根，健脾固肾、祛湿止滞；解肌退热、开阳止泻，配药间相得益彰、相辅相成，以致充分发挥各味药材的功效。
具体实施方式
所述蛎参肽固体饮料的组成按质量比为昆布6g，牡蛎肉3g，人参5.5g，大豆肽0.2g、芡实4.1g、薏苡仁4.1g、茯苓4.8g、白扁豆(炒)4.1g、甘草(炙)1.3g、麦芽(炒)3.5g、山楂3.5g、山药2g、陈皮2g、葛根2g。
所述蛎参肽固体饮料的剂量如下：
5包量，每包10g。
所述蛎参肽固体饮料的制备方法如下：
一个昆布和牡蛎肉的预处理，得昆布牡蛎肉干粉步骤；
一个大豆的预处理，得大豆肽步骤；
一个其他原料的预处理，得其他原料半成品步骤；
将昆布牡蛎肉干粉、大豆肽和其他原料半成品混合，得蛎参肽固体饮料。
所述昆布和牡蛎肉的预处理，得昆布牡蛎肉干粉的具体方法可为：
将昆布和牡蛎肉清洗、晾干、粉碎过100目筛，再用去离子水55℃加热提取，得提取液，再真空减压浓缩得浓缩膏，再喷雾干燥，粉碎过80目筛，得干粉，混合均匀后取样检测；所述加热提取可每次4倍量提取1.5h，共提取3次，历时4.5h；所述真空减压浓缩的条件可在70℃、-0.06MPa真空减压浓缩至比重为1.1～1.15膏状。
所述大豆的预处理，得大豆肽的具体方法可为：
将大豆清洗、晾干、粉碎，得碎原料，碎原料采用复合酶水解法，水解初期，采用端肽酶法脱苦，得大豆肽。
所述其他原料预处理，得其他原料半成品的具体方法可为：
将其他原料用10倍量水提取2次，每次2h，温度95±5℃，渣废弃，再浓缩，喷雾干燥得半成品，然后粉碎过筛，混合，得其他原料半成品；所述浓缩的条件可为温度65±6℃，真空度-(0.040～0.080)MPa，比重1.03～1.05；所述喷雾干燥的进风温度可为140～190℃，出风温度可为78～85℃；所述过筛可为80目筛，所述混合的时间可为30min。
以下给出有关原料的功能。
1、牡蛎，药典中为牡蛎科动物长牡蛎和大连湾牡蛎或近江牡蛎等的贝壳，冬春采集去肉留壳，捣碎生用或火煅粉碎用。咸、微寒。归肝、肾经。是一味平肝息风药，平肝潜阳，用于阴虚阳亢所致的烦躁不安，心悸失眠，头晕目眩及耳鸣等症。软坚散结，用于痰火郁结，瘰疬痰核等症。收敛固涩，用于虚汗，遗精，带下，崩漏等症。牡蛎壳中含80～95％的碳酸钙、磷酸钙及硫酸钙，煅烧后碳酸盐分解，产生氧化钙等，剩余的有机质则被破坏。故秉持药食同源之道，将牡蛎壳换成具有多种氨基酸、糖原、大量的活性微量元素及小分子化合物；味道鲜美，营养价值高，素有“海底牛奶”之美称牡蛎肉。牡蛎肉中含有多种微量元素如丰富的铁、锌、钙、锰和硒等，特别是锌和硒的含量最为丰富。牡蛎肉中还含有丰富的牛磺酸，是一种人体必需的非蛋白质氨基酸，为中枢神经递质和神经调节物质很重要的生理活性。牡蛎肉中还含有22.41％的糖原可改善心脏和血液功能，并能增进心脏功能。此外，牡蛎肉中还含有多种活性成分如牡蛎多糖可增强免疫作用，抗疲劳效果，抗肿瘤活性等作用。此外，还严加筛选牡蛎的品质，检测其重金属含量，选用优质牡蛎肉。
2、昆布，富含多种功能性物质，具有重要生物活性的物质主要为多糖，主要包括褐藻胶、褐藻糖胶、褐藻淀粉3种，在调节免疫、调节血脂、抗肿瘤、降血糖、抗氧化等方面具有独特的功能。如昆布多糖能够显著影响机体非特异性免疫功能，褐藻多糖对机体特异性免疫功能也具有显著增强作用；昆布多糖能够降低血浆中胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白的含量，增加高密度脂蛋白含量，还可减少动脉粥样硬化指数，降低血浆中脂质过氧化物浓度；昆布多糖可直接杀伤肿瘤细胞、抑制血管生成、诱导细胞凋亡及调节机体免疫进而具有抗肿瘤及抑制肿瘤细胞生长；昆布多糖能够降低糖尿病小鼠的血糖含量，调节糖尿病小鼠的蛋白质代谢，降糖时还能促进胰岛细胞分泌胰岛素；褐藻多糖硫酸酯能够明显抑制细胞氧化溶血，对脂质过氧化具有很好的保护作用。此外，昆布多糖具有降低血压、耐疲劳、抗肺间质纤维化、调节酪氨酸激酶活性、抑菌等多种功效。
3、人参，人参中含有多种有效活性成分，如皂苷、多肽、挥发油和多糖等。其中，皂苷和多糖是其发挥药理活性的主要成分。现代医学研究表明，人参具有调节中枢神经系统、调节血压、保护心肌、降血糖、保肝护肝、抗肿瘤、抗衰老、改善造血功能等作用。人参多糖有复杂的结构特征和多样的生物活性，如抗肿瘤、免疫调节、抗氧化、降血糖、抗辐射等；人参皂苷具有增强机体免疫力、改善心血管功能、抗炎、抗氧化、抗血小板聚集、神经保护等生物活性的作用。
4、大豆肽，大豆肽是一种大豆低聚肽，是将大豆蛋白通过酶解的方法制备的小分子肽类物质，主要是由3～6个氨基酸构成，分子量在1kD以下；水溶性好，酸稳定性好，可被肠道直接吸收，具有改善小肠组织结构和吸收、增强机体的免疫力等功效。改善小肠组织结构和吸收，大豆低聚肽可以增加小肠粘膜绒毛高度，加深隐窝深度，增加肠粘膜的吸收面积，促进小肠腺体发达，增加氨基肽酶的活性。增强机体的免疫力，大豆低聚肽能够改善机体的细胞免疫功能，可促进T淋巴细胞增殖，增强巨噬细胞的功能，增强NK细胞的活性。有研究报道，大豆低聚肽还可以促进肿瘤坏死因子的产生。
所以，本发明的配方根据中国药典，反复考量斟酌优化各个药材的配比，将昆布、牡蛎肉、人参、大豆肽几种主要成分辅以其他调节补气健脾、安神益肺、开胃消食的中药材，制成固体饮料，改善食欲，促进机体营养吸收，尤其适于肿瘤康复患者的机能恢复及体弱多病人群的需求。
以下给出具体实施例。
实施例1
某女士，46岁，患有多发良性肿瘤，左右乳腺纤维瘤0.3～0.5cm数个，伴有乳腺增生。肝气郁结，肢体困乏，烦躁不安，心悸失眠，易头晕目眩，常做昏昏欲睡精神不支状，服用蛎参肽固体饮料后，日服一剂，半年后，精神状态有所改善，失眠日益减少，乳腺增生疼痛减少，乳腺纤维瘤触诊未有增大趋势。
实施例2
某女士，66岁，结肠癌病灶切除后，辅以化疗治疗，前期化疗副作用明显致患者营养不良，精神萎靡，化疗后期服用蛎参肽固体饮料。经半年，食欲有所改善，机体免疫功能日渐恢复，血清白蛋白从36.2g/L升至42.5g/L(正常范围40～55g/L)，淋巴细胞百分率从17.8％升至29.3％(正常范围20％～50％)。
这些实施例表明蛎参肽固体饮料可补气健脾改善机体机能，安神益肺改善睡眠状态，开胃消食改善食欲补进营养，恢复机体免疫功能。
Claims (10)
1.蛎参肽固体饮料，其特征在于其组成按质量比为昆布3～12g，牡蛎肉2～8g，人参3～9g，大豆肽0.1～0.5g、芡实6～10g、薏苡仁6～10g、茯苓6～10g、炒白扁豆2～10g、炙甘草0.5～5g、炒麦芽2～5g、山楂2～5g、山药1～5g、陈皮1～4g、葛根1～5g。
2.如权利要求1所述蛎参肽固体饮料，其特征在于其组成按质量比为昆布6g，牡蛎肉3g，人参5.5g，大豆肽0.2g、芡实4.1g、薏苡仁4.1g、茯苓4.8g、炒白扁豆4.1g、炙甘草1.3g、炒麦芽3.5g、山楂3.5g、山药2g、陈皮2g、葛根2g。
3.如权利要求1所述蛎参肽固体饮料的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
一个昆布和牡蛎肉的预处理，得昆布牡蛎肉干粉步骤；
一个大豆的预处理，得大豆肽步骤；
一个其他原料的预处理，得其他原料半成品步骤；
将昆布牡蛎肉干粉、大豆肽和其他原料半成品混合，得蛎参肽固体饮料。
4.如权利要求3所述蛎参肽固体饮料的制备方法，其特征在于所述昆布和牡蛎肉的预处理，得昆布牡蛎肉干粉的具体方法为：
将昆布和牡蛎肉清洗、晾干、粉碎过100目筛，再用去离子水55℃加热提取，得提取液，再真空减压浓缩得浓缩膏，再喷雾干燥，粉碎过80目筛，得干粉，混合均匀后取样检测。
5.如权利要求4所述蛎参肽固体饮料的制备方法，其特征在于所述加热提取是每次4倍量提取1.5h，共提取3次，历时4.5h。
6.如权利要求4所述蛎参肽固体饮料的制备方法，其特征在于所述真空减压浓缩的条件在70℃、-0.06MPa真空减压浓缩至比重为1.1～1.15膏状。
7.如权利要求3所述蛎参肽固体饮料的制备方法，其特征在于所述大豆的预处理，得大豆肽的具体方法为：
将大豆清洗、晾干、粉碎，得碎原料，碎原料采用复合酶水解法，水解初期，采用端肽酶法脱苦，得大豆肽。
8.如权利要求3所述蛎参肽固体饮料的制备方法，其特征在于所述其他原料预处理，得其他原料半成品的具体方法为：
将其他原料用10倍量水提取2次，每次2h，温度95±5℃，渣废弃，再浓缩，喷雾干燥得半成品，然后粉碎过筛，混合，得其他原料半成品。
9.如权利要求8所述蛎参肽固体饮料的制备方法，其特征在于所述浓缩的条件为温度65±6℃，真空度-(0.040～0.080)MPa，比重1.03～1.05。
10.如权利要求8所述蛎参肽固体饮料的制备方法，其特征在于所述喷雾干燥的进风温度为140～190℃，出风温度为78～85℃；所述过筛为80目筛，所述混合的时间为30min。
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