CN109043245A - 含l-茶氨酸的用于镇痛消炎的功能饮料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
含l-茶氨酸的用于镇痛消炎的功能饮料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及非酒精饮料领域，具体涉及一种含有L‑茶氨酸的用于镇痛消炎的功能饮料及其制备方法。本发明充分利用了已知化合物L‑茶氨酸新发现的镇痛消炎作用，试验出L‑茶氨酸能在饮料中发挥镇痛消炎作用的含量范围，并通过添加同样具有镇痛消炎作用的麻黄或宣木瓜增强镇痛消炎功效，以水提冷混工艺制得；本发明填补了现有技术在镇痛消炎功能饮料开发领域的空白，融合了L‑茶氨酸的各种保健、医疗功能和中药的保健、调理功能，具有镇痛消炎、清热去火，安神的功效，且具有良好的稳定性和口感。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及非酒精饮料领域，具体涉及一种含有L-茶氨酸的用于镇痛消炎的功能饮料及其制备方法。
背景技术
功能性饮料属于软饮料，是通过调整饮料中天然营养素的成分和含量，以适应某些特殊人群需求的饮品。分为营养素饮料、运动饮料和其它特殊用途饮料三类。如今，市场上涌现出一些针对轻微病症开发的具有一定辅助医疗功效的特殊用途饮料，这类饮料除具有一般饮料的营养或保健功能外，还能在一定程度上缓解病情。
茶氨酸是茶叶中特有的水溶性游离氨基酸，广泛存在于各类茶产品中，其具有焦糖香和鲜爽味，是茶叶的主要呈香呈味物质。L-茶氨酸已被美国FDA（食品药品监督管理局）批准为公认的安全成分，在日本对于茶氨酸也没有在摄取量上的限制。此外，L-茶氨酸可利用化学方法高效低成本合成，并且其口服生物利用率高，可通过血脑屏障，是开发功能饮料的优选原料。
目前，对L-茶氨酸的功效研究主要集中在其对动物的大脑中枢神经系统的影响及对某些抗肿瘤药物的生物调节等方面，经研究证明的功效主要包括：提高学习和记忆能力、提高免疫力、降血压和安神，现有技术中已有利用L-茶氨酸的上述功效开发的饮料、食品及保健品，而关于L-茶氨酸在镇痛消炎方面的功效尚无报道，且鲜有具备镇痛消炎用途的功能饮料。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种含有L-茶氨酸的用于镇痛消炎的功能饮料及其制备方法。
本发明建立动物模型，经试验表明，L-茶氨酸具有镇痛消炎作用，其作用机理为：L-茶氨酸可抑制外周PG（前列腺素）的合成，消除PG对其他致炎物质的增敏作用，从而实现消炎的功效；同时，PG（前列腺素）的合成受阻后，感受器的兴奋性降低，从而产生镇痛效果，另外，L-茶氨酸还可抑制致痛物质缓激肽的合成，同样产生镇痛效果。对于由口腔溃疡、牙龈炎症、慢性咽炎等口腔及呼吸道炎症引起的轻微疼痛，除服用相应药物治疗外，辅以镇痛消炎的功能饮料，可在一定程度上缓解炎症和疼痛。
为进一步增强镇痛消炎功效，选用同样具有镇痛消炎而无毒副作用的中草药和L-茶氨酸进行配伍，据2015版《中国药典》记载，麻黄性温，微苦，主要用于发汗散寒，宣肺平喘，穆光锐等人发表的《麻黄多糖镇痛和抗炎作用研究》（世界中医药，2016(b03):1294-1295）经小鼠镇痛实验模型发现麻黄中的麻黄多糖可以作为良好的镇痛消炎类药物；宣木瓜性温，味酸，食药两用，可用于湿痹拘挛，腰膝关节酸重疼痛，陈勤发表的《宣木瓜的化学成分与药理研究进展》（现代中药研究，2008，22(6):76-78）表明宣木瓜的提取物、木瓜苷及木瓜籽等均具有较好的镇痛消炎效果，李娜等人发表的《宣木瓜总有机酸的纯化及镇痛抗炎作用》（中国实验方剂学杂志，2011，17(1):113-116）表明有机酸是宣木瓜镇痛消炎的功效成分之一。
本发明将一定含量范围的L-茶氨酸配制成饮料，所采取的具体制备方法如下：
步骤一，备料，称取以下重量份的功效组分：2～8份L-茶氨酸、15～22份麻黄饮片或宣木瓜；
步骤二，提取，将将除L-茶氨酸以外的功效组分清洗后，加入8-20倍量的水煎煮2～4次，每次煎煮时间为60～120分钟，合并滤液后冷沉、离心，得滤液备用；
步骤三，在滤液中加入L-茶氨酸、甜味剂和其他添加剂，加水至总重量份为1000份，灭菌，即得。
进一步地，所述甜味剂可根据特殊人群对低热量、无糖、护齿的特殊需求选择木糖醇、海藻糖、山梨糖醇、麦芽糖醇中的一种或多种，其用量可根据不同甜味剂甜度的差异调整其用量，使饮料达到较好的口感。所述其他添加剂包括PH调节剂、防腐剂和香精。
中医理论认为，麻黄或宣木瓜属于温里类中草药，金银花性寒，味甘，可以调和麻黄或宣木瓜可能产生的燥热。另一方面，天气炎热，饮食不规律，作息失衡等均可致火，通常表现为身体局部红、肿、热、痛、口苦、咽干、烦躁等症状，这些症状也大多与炎症反应相一致，金银花作为一种传统的清热去火的中草药加入到上述饮料中不仅可有效去火，还具有一定的消炎作用，可协同L-茶氨酸、麻黄或宣木瓜发挥消炎功效。优选地，所述金银花为20～30份。
进一步地，由于饮料中添加了不同性味的中草药，添加甘草可协调性味，使不同性味的中草药协调一致地发挥作用。所述甘草优选为12～20份。
更进一步地，所述L-茶氨酸为6份、麻黄饮片或宣木瓜为18份、金银花为24份、甘草为15份。
本发明充分利用了已知化合物L-茶氨酸新发现的镇痛消炎作用，试验出L-茶氨酸能在饮料中发挥镇痛消炎作用的含量范围，并通过添加同样具有镇痛消炎作用的麻黄或宣木瓜增强镇痛消炎功效；以清热去火的金银花调和温里类中草药麻黄或宣木瓜产生的燥热以及其他原因导致的上火；同时以甘草协调其他药的性味，使不同性味的中草药协调一致地发挥作用。本发明填补了现有技术在镇痛消炎功能饮料开发领域的空白，融合了L-茶氨酸的各种保健、医疗功能和中药的保健、调理功能，具有镇痛消炎、清热去火，安神的功效，并且具有良好的稳定性和口感。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述，但本发明不仅限于这些实例，在未脱离本发明宗旨的前提下，所为任何改进均落在本发明的保护范围之内。
本发明所述的一种含L-茶氨酸的功能饮料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
实施例1
步骤一，备料，称取以下重量份的功效组分：2份L-茶氨酸、17份麻黄饮片；
步骤二，提取，将麻黄饮片清洗后，加入10倍量的水煎煮3次，每次煎煮60分钟，合并滤液后冷沉、离心，得滤液备用；
步骤三，在滤液中加入L-茶氨酸、甜味剂和其他添加剂，加水至总重量份为1000份，灭菌，即得。
实施例2
步骤一，备料，称取以下重量份的功效组分：2份L-茶氨酸、17份宣木瓜；
步骤二，提取，将宣木瓜清洗后，加入15倍量的水煎煮2次，每次煎煮100分钟，合并滤液后冷沉、离心，得滤液备用；
步骤三，在滤液中加入L-茶氨酸、甜味剂和其他添加剂，加水至总重量份为1000份，灭菌，即得。
实施例3
步骤一，备料，称取以下重量份的功效组分：4份L-茶氨酸、22份宣木瓜、20份金银花；
步骤二，提取，将宣木瓜清洗后，加入18倍量的水煎煮2次，每次煎煮120分钟，合并滤液后冷沉、离心，得滤液备用；
步骤三，在滤液中加入L-茶氨酸、甜味剂和其他添加剂，加水至总重量份为1000份，灭菌，即得。
实施例4
步骤一，备料，称取以下重量份的功效组分：8份L-茶氨酸、15份宣木瓜、20份金银花、18份甘草；
步骤二，提取，将宣木瓜清洗后，加入20倍量的水煎煮3次，每次煎煮120分钟，合并滤液后冷沉、离心，得滤液备用；
步骤三，在滤液中加入L-茶氨酸、甜味剂和其他添加剂，加水至总重量份为1000份，灭菌，即得。
实施例5
步骤一，备料，称取以下重量份的功效组分：6份L-茶氨酸、18份宣木瓜、24份金银花、15份甘草；
步骤二，提取，将宣木瓜清洗后，加入20倍量的水煎煮3次，每次煎煮120分钟，合并滤液后冷沉、离心，得滤液备用；
步骤三，在滤液中加入L-茶氨酸、甜味剂和其他添加剂，加水至总重量份为1000份，灭菌，即得。
功效试验
1、消炎作用
KM小鼠60只，体重18～22 g，雌雄各半，随机分为空白组，实施例1～5制得的功能饮料水提取物，每组10只。以上各组分别给予蒸馏水、2.0 g/kg功能饮料水提取物，每天灌胃1次，连续给药7天。利用二甲苯涂抹小鼠右耳的两侧致炎，左耳不涂做对照。采集耳片称重并收集血浆分析炎症指标。实验结果显示本功能饮料具有消除实验小鼠耳肿胀的作用，并且降低血浆中炎症因子IL-1β和IL-6的浓度（表1），说明本功能饮料具有消炎作用。
2、镇痛作用
KM小鼠70只，体重18～22 g，雌雄各半，随机分为空白组，实施例1～5制得的功能饮料水提取物和阳性药物阿司匹林组，每组10只。以上各组分别给予等量蒸馏水、2.0g/kg实施例1～5制得的功能饮料水提取物和70mg/kg阿司匹林悬液，每天灌胃1次，连续给药7天。利用腹腔注射醋酸致痛，观察15min内动物扭体发生数及发生扭体的动物数。实验结果显示功能饮料具有减轻醋酸所致的小鼠扭体反应的作用，不同实施例的功能饮料抑制率达分别在35～52%范围内（表2），说明本功能饮料具有镇痛作用。
3、安神的作用
（1）KM小鼠60只，体重18～22 g，雌雄各半，随机分为空白组，实施例1～5制得的功能饮料水提取物，每组10只。以上各组分别给予等量蒸馏水、2.0 g/kg实施例1～5制得的功能饮料水提取物，每天灌胃1次，连续给药7天。利用腹腔注射戊巴比妥钠影响睡眠，观察睡眠数和睡眠时间。实验结果显示功能饮料具有改善戊巴比妥钠所引起的实验小鼠睡眠异常的作用，不同实施例的功能饮料均可显著延长实验小鼠的睡眠时间（表3），说明本功能饮料具有安神作用。
（2）KM小鼠60只，体重18～22 g，雌雄各半，随机分为空白组，实施例1～5制得的功能饮料水提取物，每组10只。给药前先将小鼠投入40cm/24cm/30cm的有机玻璃箱中适应3min 后，分别测定各鼠2min内的自发活动时间及前肢离地举立次数作为正常活动反应指标。然后以上各组分别给予等量蒸馏水、2.0 g/kg实施例1～5制得的功能饮料水提取物，每天1次，连续7天。末次给药后60min和90min重测上述指标。实验结果显示功能饮料具有改善调节小鼠自发活动的作用，不同实施例的功能饮料均可显著降低实验小鼠的前肢举立次数和自发活动时间（表5），说明本功能饮料具有安神作用。
表1 功能饮料对实验小鼠耳肿胀度和炎症指标的影响
注：与空白组比较，* P<0.05，** P<0.01，*** P<0.001，数据显示为平均值±标准差。
表2功能饮料对冰醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应的影响
注：与空白组比较，* P<0.05，** P<0.01，*** P<0.001，数据显示为平均值±标准差。
表3功能饮料对实验小鼠睡眠时间的影响
注：与空白组比较，* P<0.05，** P<0.01，*** P<0.001，数据显示为平均值±标准差。
Claims (8)
1.含L-茶氨酸的用于镇痛消炎的功能饮料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
步骤一，备料，称取以下重量份的功效组分：2～8份L-茶氨酸、15～22份麻黄饮片或宣木瓜；
步骤二，提取，将除L-茶氨酸以外的功效组分清洗后，加入8-20倍量的水煎煮2～4次，每次煎煮时间为60～120分钟，合并滤液后冷沉、离心，得滤液备用；
步骤三，在滤液中加入L-茶氨酸、甜味剂和其他添加剂，加水至总重量份为1000份，灭菌，即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含L-茶氨酸的用于镇痛消炎的功能饮料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述功效组分还包括20～30份金银花。
3.根据权利要求2所述的含L-茶氨酸的用于镇痛消炎的功能饮料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述功效组分还包括12～20份甘草。
4.根据权利要求3所述的含L-茶氨酸的用于镇痛消炎的功能饮料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述L-茶氨酸为6份、麻黄饮片或宣木瓜为18份、金银花为24份、甘草为15份。
5.根据权利要求3所述的含L-茶氨酸的用于镇痛消炎的功能饮料的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤三所述的甜味剂为木糖醇、海藻糖、山梨糖醇、麦芽糖醇中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求3所述的含L-茶氨酸的用于镇痛消炎的功能饮料的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤三所述的其他添加剂包括PH调节剂、防腐剂和香精。
7.根据权利要求1所述的含L-茶氨酸的用于镇痛消炎的功能饮料的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤二所述的加水量为16倍量，煎煮次数为4次，每次煎煮时间为60分钟。
8.含L-茶氨酸的用于镇痛消炎的功能饮料，其特征在于：根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的制备方法制得。
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