CN109042227A - The method of rice hulls depth fermentation and the application in the high-end matrix of production - Google Patents
The method of rice hulls depth fermentation and the application in the high-end matrix of production Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109042227A CN109042227A CN201810846096.1A CN201810846096A CN109042227A CN 109042227 A CN109042227 A CN 109042227A CN 201810846096 A CN201810846096 A CN 201810846096A CN 109042227 A CN109042227 A CN 109042227A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fermentation
- rice hulls
- depth
- stacking
- days
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of rice hulls depth fermentation and producing the application in high-end matrix, method includes the following steps: (1) urea will be added in rice hulls and rape cake carries out ammoniated treatment, until adjusting carbon-nitrogen ratio is 20~35, obtain ammonification mixture, then the moisture content of ammonification mixture is adjusted to 55%~65%, obtains pretreatment product；(2) fast rotten microbial bacterial agent will be added in pretreatment product, carry out strip style stacking fermentation process, realize the depth fermentation of rice hulls.Method of the invention is simple and convenient, low in cost, fermentation time is short and ferment effect is good, and the tunning that this method obtains can be used for producing high-end matrix.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to organic fertilizer processing technique fields, are related to the method and application of a kind of rice hulls fermentation, and in particular to
A kind of method that rice hulls depth is fermented and the application in the high-end matrix of production.
Background technique
Rice hulls are up to 75 as a kind of agricultural wastes, its carbon-nitrogen ratio, are one of the organic materials for being difficult to ferment, and one
As leavening be difficult its " uniform ".Fermentation time is up to more than half a year in the way of common pile fermentation, and attenuation degree
Not high, not soft enough, the use ratio in matrix is small.
Rice hulls use after being usually to be completely cut off air burning charing in the application mode in matrix production.After charing
Rice hulls are easily broken, and carbonate content is high, are used in matrix production, it is difficult to matrix be made to keep good size composition and good
Good permeability, and matrix conductivity can be made to increase, be easy to cause so yellow seedling seedling death phenomenon, root system is undeveloped, resistance is weak,
It is unfavorable for strong sprout.Therefore, bad using rice hulls as base starting material effect, it cannot pay attention to.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide it is a kind of it is simple and convenient, low in cost,
The method for the rice hulls depth fermentation that fermentation time is short and ferment effect is good and the application in the high-end matrix of production.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention uses following technical scheme.
A kind of method of rice hulls depth fermentation, comprising the following steps:
(1) pre-process: urea and rape cake will be added in rice hulls and carry out ammoniated treatment, with adjust carbon-nitrogen ratio to 20~
35, ammonification mixture is obtained, the moisture content of ammonification mixture is then adjusted to 55%~65%, obtains pretreatment product；
(2) stacking is fermented: fast rotten microbial bacterial agent will be added in pretreatment product, carry out strip style stacking fermentation process,
Realize the depth fermentation of rice hulls.
The method of above-mentioned rice hulls depth fermentation, it is preferred that the rice hulls, urea, rape cake and fast rotten microorganism
The mass ratio of microbial inoculum is 300~370: 0.1~2.82: 51.75~103.5: 1.5~2.0.
The method of above-mentioned rice hulls depth fermentation, it is preferred that in the step (1), the temperature of the ammoniated treatment is
20 DEG C~35 DEG C.
The method of above-mentioned rice hulls depth fermentation, it is preferred that in the step (1), the urea is first dissolved in water again
It is added in rice hulls, the moisture content of the ammonification mixture is by adding water to be adjusted.
The method of above-mentioned rice hulls depth fermentation, it is preferred that in the step (2), the strip style stacking refers to heap
At 2.2 meters wide~2.6 meters, 1.2 meters high~1.5 meters of pile.Depending on the length of pile is with fermentation plant length, throwing operation is conveniently turned over
Just.
The method of above-mentioned rice hulls depth fermentation, it is preferred that in the step (2), in stacking fermentation process, every 3
It~turning in 4 days is primary, and it is strain oxygenating.
The method of above-mentioned rice hulls depth fermentation, it is preferred that in the step (2), the time of the stacking fermentation is
30 days~40 days.
The method of above-mentioned rice hulls depth fermentation, it is preferred that in the step (2), the fast rotten microbial bacterial agent by
It is commercially available.It is furthermore preferred that the trade name CM decomposing agent (liquid product) of fast corruption microbial bacterial agent, specification: 2L/ bottles, production
Producer: the peaceful object Engineering Co., Ltd in Shandong hundred million.
The method of above-mentioned rice hulls depth fermentation, it is preferred that in the step (2), the depth after fermentation, is sent out
The pH value of ferment product between 6.74~6.89, EC stablize be down to 2.31 in 1.373ms/cm~1.421ms/cm, E4/E6~
In 2.37 stability range, total nitrogen content rises to 1.42%~1.54%, and organic carbon content is down to 23.57%~23.62%,
C/N drops to 14.68~15.57, and germination index is 88~95, and appearance color is dark brown, sponginess, to plant nonhazardous
Effect, each heap body have reached decomposed standard.
As a general technical idea, the present invention also provides obtained by a kind of method of above-mentioned rice hulls depth fermentation
Tunning producing the application in high-end matrix.
Main innovation point of the invention is:
(1) urea+rape cake is used to rice hulls ammonification pretreatment, is to be conducive to the inoculation of microbial inoculum and numerous using rape cake
It grows, and usually art technology person is it is envisioned that pure plus urea reduction carbon-nitrogen ratio, microbial inoculum inoculation and breeding slowly, therefore influence to send out
Ferment time and effect.
(2) present invention uses strip style fermentation, does not need to build fermentation tank, only need to be simple and convenient in flat operating above ground.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
1, existing rape cake fermentation technique fermentation materials main body is rape cake, water content≤12%, phosphorus content 45.2%,
Nitrogen content is up to 4.6%, and carbon-nitrogen ratio is about 9.8, in the form of sheets or powdered, needs to adjust pH to 8.8- with lime water before fermentation
9.2, moisture content is adjusted to 40-45%, and due to powder more in rape cake, partial size is easily broken, and aeration does not have that rice hulls are good,
Therefore the height of heap body is controlled at 0.8-0.9 meters when stacking fermentation, and tunning is fermentating rapeseed cake, brown (approximate vegetable seed
Cake intrinsic colour) it is powdered, it is a kind of organic fertilizer.And fermentation materials main body is rice hulls in the present invention, is in granular form, water content
About 12% or so, phosphorus content 36%, nitrogen content 0.48%, carbon-nitrogen ratio are about 75, are the material for being difficult fermentation, therefore rice hulls
Depth fermentation except addition urea is come in addition to reducing carbon-nitrogen ratio, also addition rape cake is contained using the low ratio of carbon to ammonium and height of rape cake
The characteristic of organic nitrogen is measured, and needs not needing moisture regulation to 55-65% to adjust pH with lime water before rice hulls fermentation
Value, waste height control is at 1.2-1.5 meter when fermentation, and tunning is the husk that ferments, darkly brown particles shape, and the inside is without powder
The rape cake of last shape, it is seen that all many become the soft fermentation husk of dark brown, quality, size composition is good, logical
Permeability is good, is a kind of very good material for meeting production matrix.
2, for from effect, attenuation degree is higher, and the ratio for being used in matrix is higher, existing rice hulls fermentation technique
Fermentation time usually requires 3 months could complete up to half a year, and tunning is brown, is used in the safety ratio of matrix
Example only up to 12-15%, and the completion of the invention that can ferment for 1 month, tunning is dark brown, than the tunning face of existing fermentation
Color is deeper, feel is more soft, is used in the safe ratio of matrix up to 25-30% or more.
3, due to rape cake price, the content of organic matter is very high, is rich in fatty acid, crude protein, full of nutrition, by adding
Enter rape cake carry out the ammoniated treatment rice hulls fermenting out can be used for producing the high some rare traditional Chinese medicines of high-end added value,
Vegetables and fruits, flowers matrix.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the temperature variation in the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example fermentation process.
Fig. 2 is the pH variation diagram in the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example fermentation process.
Fig. 3 is the E4/E6 variation diagram in the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example fermentation process.
Fig. 4 is the full nitrogen variation diagram in the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example fermentation process.
Fig. 5 is the organic carbon content variation diagram in the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example fermentation process.
Fig. 6 is the C/N variation diagram during the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example heap body.
Fig. 7 is the seed germination index variation diagram in the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example fermentation process.
Fig. 8 is the EC variation diagram in the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example fermentation process.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific preferred embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not therefore and
It limits the scope of the invention.
Material employed in following embodiment and instrument are commercially available.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of method of rice hulls depth fermentation of the invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) it pre-processes: being added in rice hulls after urea is dissolved in water, rape cake is then added and mixes, (20 DEG C at normal temperature
~35 DEG C) ammoniated treatment is carried out, initial carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to 25, adds water mixing, adjusting original water content is 60%, is obtained
Pretreatment product；In this step, room temperature is often referred to 20 DEG C~35 DEG C, and initial carbon-nitrogen ratio refers to the entirely carbon-nitrogen ratio to fermentation materials,
Initial moisture refers to the entirely moisture to fermentation material.
(2) fast rotten microbial bacterial agent will be added in pretreatment product, wide 2.2 meters, 1.2 meters high, 3.5 meters of length are piled after mixing
Pile, carry out stacking fermentation process, every turning in 3 days is primary, one month complete fermentation, obtained tunning be production
A kind of raw material of matrix.
The time of stacking fermentation process, in Hunan Hunan, sunshine agricultural technology was opened on August 26th, 27 days 1 July in 2017
Co., Ltd is sent out to carry out.To compare stacking fermentation process effect, the following provide multiple groups specific embodiments of the present invention and right
Ratio, wherein fast corruption microbial bacterial agent provides (commercially available) by Agricultural University Of Hunan, the trade name CM of the fast rotten microbial bacterial agent
Decomposing agent (liquid product), specification: 2L/ bottles, manufacturer: the peaceful object Engineering Co., Ltd in Shandong hundred million.Other raw materials are by Hunan
Xiang Hui agricultural technology development corporation, Ltd. provides (commercially available).Test rice hulls (abbreviation husk), dry chicken manure etc. at rape cake
Main component is as shown in table 1.
1 stacking fermentation raw material main component (%) of table
| Raw material | Moisture content | Phosphorus content | Nitrogen content |
| Rice hulls | 12 | 36 | 0.48 |
| Chicken manure | 10 | 23.4 | 2.34 |
| Rape cake (i.e. cake-shaped rape seed dregs) | 12 | 45.2 | 4.6 |
| Urea | - | 20 | 46 |
Stacking fermentation sets 5 processing:
Embodiment 1 (S1): rice hulls+rape cake+urea+fast rotten microbial bacterial agent
Embodiment 2 (S2): rice hulls+rape cake+urea+fast rotten microbial bacterial agent
Comparative example 1 (D1): rice hulls+urea+fast rotten microbial bacterial agent
Comparative example 2 (D2): rice hulls+chicken manure+urea+fast rotten microbial bacterial agent
Comparative example 3 (D3): rice hulls+chicken manure+urea+fast rotten microbial bacterial agent
Each processing material proportional quantity such as table 2.
Respectively processing material proportional quantity (kg) of table 2
| Rice hulls | Urea | Chicken manure | Rape cake | Fast corruption microbial bacterial agent | Water | |
| Embodiment 1 | 300 | 2.82 | - | 51.75 | 1.5 | 422.1 |
| Embodiment 2 | 300 | 0.1 | - | 103.5 | 1.5 | 484.2 |
| Comparative example 1 | 300 | 5.64 | - | - | 1.5 | 369 |
| Comparative example 2 | 300 | 3.51 | 75 | - | 1.5 | 453.75 |
| Comparative example 3 | 300 | 1.41 | 150 | - | 1.5 | 547.5 |
In upper table " water " refer to each processing adjust moisture content to 60% when the water weight that is added in total.
Sampling and its measurement:
Observe each processing temperature change daily after stacking fermentation, every 5 days sampling and measuring heap body pH value, conductivity, E4/E6,
The indexs such as organic carbon and total nitrogen content.Sample moisture, pH, organic matter, full nitrogen measurement by method described in NY 525-2012 into
Row, pH, percentage of seedgermination, EC are measured using fresh sample, and data processing uses Excel software.Seed germination index (GI) measured
Journey is following (improving slightly with reference to Eurasian tinkling of pieces of jade the method), and a filter paper is padded in culture dish (diameter 9cm), is uniformly put into 20 blueness
Then colza is added leaching liquor and (is added after 30min is impregnated in the stirring of 100mL distilled water and filters) 5.0mL in 10g sample, 25
It is cultivated in DEG C dark incubator for 24 hours, measures germination percentage, each sample is repeated 3 times, while using distilled water as compareing, to
Lower formula: GI=processing average germination percentage × processing be averaged root long/(compare average germination percentage × control be averaged root long) ×
100%, calculate the germination index of seed.Temperature and conductivity are responsible for measurement by Hunan Xiang Hui agricultural technology development corporation, Ltd.,
Other indexs are responsible for measurement by Agricultural University Of Hunan.
It is as a result as follows by detection and analysis in stacking fermentation process.
1, in stacking fermentation process heap temperature variation
Stacking fermentation start rear heap temperature be gradually rise the change procedure reduced again, and heap body it is decomposed after heap temperature
It is consistent with environment temperature, general unobvious variation, therefore temperature be in stacking fermentation process most important conventional detection index it
One.Temperature is also that heap temperature, which is higher than, and keeps 3d or more by 55 DEG C an important factor for influencing microorganism growth, be kill cause a disease it is micro-
Biology guarantees the essential condition of tunning sanitary standard qualification.Meanwhile heap body earlier fermentation temperature rises faster, later period temperature
Degree decline is faster, and maintains temperature to be slightly above room temperature and no longer change, and indicates that fermentation process is rapidly completed in heap body.As shown in Figure 1,5
The temperature changing trend of kind processing is almost the same.When stacking fermentation starts, room temperature (i.e. environment temperature) is 32 DEG C, and stacking fermentation is opened
The temperature respectively handled after beginning all increases rapidly, and heap temperature rises to 70 DEG C or more after S1, S2 stacking one day, and D2, D3 are in stacking 2
Temperature rises to 65 DEG C or more after it, and the heap temperature of D1 is no more than 55 DEG C after 2 days.At pyrolytic stage (> 50 DEG C), S1,
After S2 heap body maintains pyrolytic 12 days, temperature is begun to decline to 50 DEG C or less；After D2, D3 heap body maintain pyrolytic 14 days
It begins to decline to 50 DEG C or less；The heap temperature of D1 is not above 58 DEG C always, and the pyrolytic stage has only lasted for 7 days, heap body
Temperature is finally maintained at 45 DEG C or so.20 days or so heap temperatures of S1, S2 stacking fermentation stablize the later period corruption in slightly above room temperature
Ripe state, 22 days heap temperatures of D2, D3 stacking fermentation stablize the later period decomposed state in slightly above room temperature, the entire heap body fermentation of D1
Not exclusively.It is analyzed according to above-mentioned test figure data, S1, S2 fermenting speed ratio D1, D2, D3 are fast.
2, in stacking fermentation process pH variation
PH value is to influence one of the essential condition of microorganism growth.During organic materials stacking, heap body pH value is to become
Change, the degradation activity of microorganism needs the environmental condition of an alkalescent or neutrality, pH value is too high or too low be all unfavorable for it is micro-
The breeding of biology and the degradation of organic matter, but pH value is influenced by fermentation raw material, tunning is suitable as base starting material
PH value is faintly acid or neutrality.
As shown in Figure 2,5 processing fermentation initial pH values are all satisfied microorganism growth conditions all between 7.15~8.32,
And variation tendency is all first to increase to reduce afterwards.The pH value of S1, S2, D1 rise to highest after fermentation 10 days, and the pH value of D2, D3 exist
Fermentation rises to highest after 5 days, the pH value of 5 processing is gradually reduced after rising to highest, when arriving fermentation ends, S1, S2's
PH is respectively 6.89,6.74, and the pH value of D1, D2, D3 are respectively 7.64,8.13,8.25.The rising of earlier fermentation pH value is due to having
Violent mineralising occurs under the strong effect of microorganism and decomposes for machine nitrogen, generates a large amount of ammonium nitrogen and pH value is caused significantly to increase,
Fermentation later period pH value decline is due to the active enhancing of nitrobacteria, the H of nitrification release+It is continuously increased, meanwhile, it is fermenting
The decomposition of organic matter generates organic acid in the process, and pH value is caused to decline.It is analyzed by above-mentioned test figure data, the pH phase of S1, S2
Than D1, D2, D3 closer to neutral or faintly acid, more meet the requirement of base starting material.
3, the situation of change of heap body E4/E6
Humic acid material is known as E4/E6 in the ratio between light absorption value of 465nm and 665nm.E4/E6 can reflect that humic acid is being sent out
Stability after ferment.During the fermentation, the humic acid of small molecule is converted to the humic acid of macromolecular, E4/E6 and fragrance
Cyclic condensation degree and molecular weight are inversely proportional.E4/E6 value is lower, shows that the condensation degree of humus and aromatization degree are higher, molecular weight
Bigger, decomposed degree is higher.E4/E6 variation is overall in downward trend after first rising as shown in Figure 3.S1, S2 were in fermentation 15 days
Afterwards, basically reach peak, respectively 2.91,3.15, D1, D2, D3 reached peak at 20 days, respectively 3.74,3.16,
3.19.To the fermentation later period, the E4/E6 respectively handled declined again, and when fermentation ends, the E4/E6 respectively handled is preferably minimized,
In, S1, S2 are reduced to 2.37,2.31, and D1, D2, D3 are reduced to 2.87,2.58,2.52.By above-mentioned test figure number
According to analysis, rotten degree ratio the D1, D2, D3 high of SI, S2.
4, the variation of the full nitrogen of stacking fermentation process
Nitrogen is the important nutrient of microorganism growth metabolism, thus nitrogen variation has important shadow to fermentation maturity
It rings.Full nitrogen is mainly NH in fermentation process4 +It is converted into NH3It is diffused into atmosphere, and the volatilization of ammonia makes the nitrogen in fermented product
Content is reduced, and reduces the agricultural value of fermented product, while causing greatly to pollute to ambient atmosphere environment.As shown in figure 4, hair
Total nitrogen content is in first to reduce the trend risen afterwards, but when fermentation ends, the total nitrogen content of S1, S2 processing is compared to initial during ferment
When increase 0.05%, 0.12% respectively, the total nitrogen content of D1, D2, D3 processing reduces 0.31%, 0.2%, 0.1% respectively.
It is analyzed by above-mentioned test figure data, after the fermentation has been completed, the total nitrogen content of S1, S2 processing rises, and the full nitrogen of D1, D2, D3 contain
Amount decline shows that the fermentation of S1, S2 are more advantageous to the agricultural value for increasing fermented product compared to D1, D2, D3, and reduces to week
Enclose the pollution of atmospheric environment.
5, in fermentation process the variation of organic carbon content and C/N situation of change
Total organic carbon is the important feature of fermentation process variation, and total organic carbon is decomposed by the microorganisms utilization in fermentation process,
It is converted into CO2And humus, thus in fermentation process total organic carbon content it is on a declining curve.As shown in figure 5, fermentation process
In, total organic carbon tapers off trend, and due to the difference of each initial total content of organic carbon of processing, it is different to reduce degree, S1, S2's
Total content of organic carbon reduces 11.02%, 17.33% respectively, the total content of organic carbon of D1, D2, D3 reduces 1.84% respectively,
10.87%, 11.25%.Total content of organic carbon ratio D1, D2, D3 drop of S1, S2 are much lower, illustrate microorganism generation in S1, S2 heap body
Thank to active, breeding rapidly, the energy of generation is more, so that temperature-rise ratio D1, D2, D3 of S1, S2 processing are faster and higher, hair
Ferment is rapider.
C/N is the important judge index of fermentation maturity process.In stacking fermentation process, organic matter can be converted into humus,
Therefore C/N is on a declining curve in decomposed heap body.T value=(terminal C/N)/(initial C/N) is another interpretation rotten degree
Index, when T value is less than 0.6, stacking fermentation is completed.As shown in fig. 6, the C/N of 5 processing is on a declining curve, fermentation ends
When, it is respectively 0.53,0.44 that the C/N of S1, S2, which are reduced to 15.57,14.68, T value by 29.15,33.42 respectively,；D1, D2, D3's
C/N is reduced to 23.79 by 24.24,35.15,29.39 respectively, 24.43,20.35, T value be respectively 0.98,0.70,0.69.On
State test figure statistics indicate that, at the end of experiment, S1, S2 have reached decomposed standard, and D2, D3 do not complete fermentation maturity, D1 hair also
Ferment is decomposed slowly.Therefore the fermenting speed of S1, S2 are significantly faster than that D1, D2, D3.
6, the influence of seed germination index (GI)
Not decomposed fermented product contains phytotoxicity substance, generates inhibiting effect to the growth of plant.Many plant species
Son is not grown in decomposed fermented product extract liquor in fermentation raw material and to be suppressed, and raw in decomposed fermented product extract liquor
Length is promoted, with germination and root length computation germination index (GI).Germination index (GI) is that evaluation fermented product is harmless
Change, the important indicator of stable degree and rotten degree.In general, when fermented product extract liquor seed germination index (GI) reaches
Or when more than 50%, so that it may which thinking that the phytotoxicity of fermented product is reduced to plant can be in tolerance range, for the hair of seed
This nontoxicity of bastem, as GI > 80%, so that it may think that fermented product is completely decomposed.
Fig. 7 is the variation of 5 processing heap body GI, as can be seen from Figure, at stacking initial stage, the germination of 5 processing
Index is all more lower, and on a declining curve whithin a period of time, and after carrying out a period of time with fermentation, S1, S2 were on 15 days left sides
The right side, germination index GI are begun to ramp up, and D2, D3 were begun to ramp up in 20 days or so germination index GI, and D1 was begun at 5 days or so
It rises, but ascensional range is smaller, after fermentation, the GI of S1, S2 are respectively 88,95, and the GI of D1, D2, D3 are respectively 43,81,85.
Analyzed, fermented initial stage by above-mentioned chart data, 5 processing all < 50, and it is on a declining curve, illustrate that there is plant poison at stacking initial stage
Property substance generate；It ferments after a period of time, GI ratio D1, D2, D3 of S1, S2 first rise to GI > 50, illustrate that S1, S2 fermentation are decomposed
Phase process ratio D1, D2, D3 are first completed；When fermentation ends, GI<50 of GI>80 of S1, S2, D2, D3, D1, and the GI of S1, S2
Greater than D2, D3, illustrate that S1, S2, D2, D3 are substantially completely decomposed, and S1, S2 rotten degree ratio D2, D3 high, the decomposed degree of D1 is very
It is small.
7, the variation of fermentation process conductivity (EC)
Conductivity (EC) reflects the total concentration of fermented product leaching liquor intermediate ion, the i.e. content of soluble-salt, and solvable
Property salt be in fermented product to crop generate toxic action an important factor for one of.As fermented product EC < 9ms/cm, to seed
It germinates no inhibiting effect, and in matrix production, it is desirable that fermented product EC < 1.5ms/cm, and EC is smaller, in matrix
The use ratio the big also safer.Fig. 8 is that the EC of each processing changes.It is all in first to increase to drop afterwards in the EC of fermentation process, 5 processing
Low trend.It is carried out in 15 days in fermentation, ascendant trend is presented in the EC of S1, S2, D2, D3, and respectively reaches peak
1.736,1.666,1.978,2.710ms/cm；Fermentation carried out in 5 days, and the EC of D1 reaches peak 0.979ms/cm.5 processing
EC gradually decreased after being raised to highest, when fermentation ends, the EC of S1, S2 drop to 1.421,1.373ms/cm, EC < 1.5ms/
cm；The EC of D1, D2, D3 drop to 0.811,1.744,2.155ms/cm respectively, EC<1.5ms/cm of D1, and the EC of D2, D3>
1.5ms/cm.The EC of 5 processing rises in earlier fermentation, is because in the fermentation pyrolytic stage, microorganism is absorbed largely
Nutriment, keep its metabolism vigorous, acutely, fermentation materials fierceness, which is decomposed, generates a large amount of small-molecule substances for activity, medium and small point
Sub- organic acid and various ion concentrations rise.Later period is the raising of humus content and sun due to after the pyrolytic stage
The raising of ion exchange capacity declines EC.It is analyzed by above-mentioned chart data, after everfermentation, EC < 1.5ms/cm is accorded with by S1, S2
Matrix production requirement is closed, EC > 1.5ms/cm of D2, D3 do not meet matrix production requirement, and D1 is since the pyrolytic time is short,
EC variation is unobvious, illustrates that fermentation is incomplete.
8, stacking fermentation front and back cosmetic variation
Rotten degree, such as color and crumb structure, Gao Pin can be judged after fermentation by the external appearance characteristic of tunning
Matter tunning color should be dark brown or dark brown, and sponginess, crumb structure are uniform.But these indexs are difficult to determine
Scale is levyd the variation of windrow ingredient during ferment, is also not easy quantitatively to illustrate fermentation maturity degree, therefore can only sentence from sense organ
It is disconnected, it is difficult to quantitative analysis.Before stacking, each external appearance characteristic that handles is similar, after fermentation, the tunning color ratio D1 of S1, S2,
D2, D3 are deeper, and feel is softer, illustrate that the decomposed degree of S1, S2 are higher.
Discussion of results:
In entire stacking fermentation process, each heap body presents certain decomposed feature from appearance.The temperature of 5 processing heap bodies
The shared heating (0-2d) of degree variation, high temperature (3-9d), cooling (10-15d) and later period decomposed (16-17d) four-stage, entire
In the process, the treatment temperature for adding rape cake is higher than other processing.When stacking fermentation ends, the pH value of all processing is in 6.74-
Between 8.25, EC stabilization is down in the stability range of 2.31-2.87 in 0.811-2.155ms/cm, E4/E6, to plant nonhazardous
Effect shows that each processing stacking fermentation has reached decomposed standard, and some indexs such as temperature show that the processing for adding rape cake can add
The decomposed speed of fast husk stacking fermentation, C/N ratio and T value are conducive to the result shows that the decomposed effect of rape cake processing is preferable
The quick composting of husk stacking fermentation.Between 6.74~6.89, EC stablizes the pH value of tunning of the invention
1.373ms/cm~1.421ms/cm, E4/E6 are down in 2.31~2.37 stability range, and total nitrogen content rises to 1.42%~
1.54%, organic carbon content is down to 23.57%~23.62%, C/N and drops to 14.68~15.57, and germination index is 88~95.
Temperature, E4/E6, full nitrogen, organic carbon and C/N, seed germination index, EC, external appearance characteristic etc. comprehensive analysis are obtained from above-mentioned
Out, S1, S2 the application value of fermenting speed, fermentation maturity degree, tunning in terms of matrix production be better than D1, D2,
D3。
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not intended to limit the present invention in any form.Though
So the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, and however, it is not intended to limit the invention.It is any to be familiar with those skilled in the art
Member, in the case where not departing from Spirit Essence of the invention and technical solution, all using in the methods and techniques of the disclosure above
Appearance makes many possible changes and modifications or equivalent example modified to equivalent change to technical solution of the present invention.Therefore,
Anything that does not depart from the technical scheme of the invention are made to the above embodiment any simple according to the technical essence of the invention
Modification, equivalent replacement, equivalence changes and modification, all of which are still within the scope of protection of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of rice hulls depth fermentation, comprising the following steps:
(1) it pre-processes: urea will be added in rice hulls and rape cake carries out ammoniated treatment and obtained with adjusting carbon-nitrogen ratio to 20~35
To ammonification mixture, the moisture content of ammonification mixture is then adjusted to 55%~65%, obtains pretreatment product；
(2) stacking is fermented: fast rotten microbial bacterial agent will be added in pretreatment product, carry out strip style stacking fermentation process, realize
The depth of rice hulls is fermented.
2. the method for rice hulls depth fermentation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the rice hulls, urea, vegetable seed
The mass ratio of cake and fast rotten microbial bacterial agent is 300~370: 0.1~2.82: 51.75~103.5: 1.5~2.0.
3. the method for rice hulls depth fermentation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1), the ammonia
The temperature for changing processing is 20 DEG C~35 DEG C.
4. the method for rice hulls depth fermentation according to claim 1, which is characterized in that, will be described in the step (1)
Urea is first dissolved in water and adds in rice hulls, and the moisture content of the ammonification mixture is by adding water to be adjusted.
5. the method for rice hulls depth fermentation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the step
(2) in, the strip style stacking, which refers to, piles 2.2 meters wide~2.6 meters, 1.2 meters high~1.5 meters of pile.
6. the method for rice hulls depth fermentation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the step
(2) in, in stacking fermentation process, turning in every 3 days~4 days is primary, is strain oxygenating.
7. the method for rice hulls depth fermentation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the step
(2) in, the time of the stacking fermentation is 30 days~40 days.
8. the method for rice hulls depth fermentation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the step
(2) in, the fast rotten microbial bacterial agent is available commercially.
9. the method for rice hulls depth fermentation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the step
(2) in, the depth after fermentation, the pH value of tunning between 6.74~6.89, EC stablize 1.373ms/cm~
1.421ms/cm, E4/E6 are down in 2.31~2.37 stability range, and total nitrogen content rises to 1.42%~1.54%, organic
Carbon content is down to 23.57%~23.62%, C/N and drops to 14.68~15.57, and germination index is nontoxic to plant 88~95
Evil effect, each heap body have reached decomposed standard.
10. a kind of obtained tunning of method such as rice hulls depth according to any one of claims 1 to 9 fermentation exists
Produce the application in high-end matrix.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810846096.1A CN109042227A (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2018-07-27 | The method of rice hulls depth fermentation and the application in the high-end matrix of production |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810846096.1A CN109042227A (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2018-07-27 | The method of rice hulls depth fermentation and the application in the high-end matrix of production |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109042227A true CN109042227A (en) | 2018-12-21 |
Family
ID=64835716
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810846096.1A Pending CN109042227A (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2018-07-27 | The method of rice hulls depth fermentation and the application in the high-end matrix of production |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109042227A (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103819282A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-05-28 | 重庆圣沛农业科技有限公司 | Orange peel dregs seedling raising substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN106036007A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-10-26 | 莫竹承 | Biodegradation method for spartina alterniflora lignin |
| CN107864798A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-03 | 罗成喜 | The compost and cultural method of a kind of asparagus |
-
2018
- 2018-07-27 CN CN201810846096.1A patent/CN109042227A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103819282A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-05-28 | 重庆圣沛农业科技有限公司 | Orange peel dregs seedling raising substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN106036007A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-10-26 | 莫竹承 | Biodegradation method for spartina alterniflora lignin |
| CN107864798A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-03 | 罗成喜 | The compost and cultural method of a kind of asparagus |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘念祖，陆景陵: "《土壤肥料学 下》", 31 May 1990, 中央广播电视大学出版社 * |
| 夏飚: "《发酵基质:助推园林现代化!》", 《现代园林》 * |
| 耿春女等: "《环境生物学》", 31 May 2015, 中国建材工业出版社 * |
| 薛智勇: "《农业固体废物处理与处置》", 30 November 2016, 河南科学技术出版社 * |
| 金宝贝: "金宝贝肥料发酵剂---有机肥重金属的克星", 《金宝贝官网HTTP://WWW.HX8178.COM/ARTICLE/258.HTML》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101786911B (en) | Microorganism and enzyme powder composite biological agent for microbial organic fertilizer | |
| CN104725085A (en) | Solanaceous vegetable seedling medium prepared by taking vegetable waste compost as fertilizer source and preparation method of solanaceous vegetable seedling medium | |
| CN106831233B (en) | A kind of biological organic soil and preparation method thereof obtained using compost product improvement foundation pit earth | |
| CN109355218A (en) | It is rapidly heated the Multifunctional fermentation composite bacteria agent and the preparation method and application thereof of taste removal for livestock excrement composting | |
| CN108587636A (en) | Adjust soil conditioner and preparation method that soil acidity or alkalinity alleviates the soil salinization | |
| CN107445694A (en) | A kind of composite bio-chemical preparation and its applied in straw-returning | |
| CN103396182A (en) | Method for producing solanaceous vegetable seedling growing substrate by utilizing salvaged material of cassava processing | |
| CN113135787A (en) | Rice straw decomposition agent and preparation method thereof | |
| Gao et al. | Ending composting during the thermophilic phase improves cultivation substrate properties and increasing winter cucumber yield | |
| CN111574297A (en) | Special biochar-based fertilizer for cinnamomum camphora trees and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103351188B (en) | Preparation method of agricultural organic fertilizer by treating pure straws as raw material | |
| CN103497899B (en) | Biologically-fermented organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107089862A (en) | A kind of fertilizer special for tea trees | |
| CN112166731B (en) | Method for improving physical and chemical properties of soil | |
| CN103951481B (en) | Organic fertilizer that pig farm waste recovery is made and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105505843A (en) | Photosynthetic bacterium strain, liquid manure containing same, preparation method of liquid manure and application of liquid manure | |
| CN105274026B (en) | A kind of silicate-dissolving microbe and its application in crop-planting | |
| CN107099490A (en) | A kind of biological agent for being used to handle agricultural crop straw | |
| CN108934920A (en) | The method of rice hulls depth fermentation and the application in production low side matrix | |
| CN110171994A (en) | Odorless high-valued biogas slurry fertilizer of one kind and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109627062A (en) | High organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof for organic vegetable plantation | |
| CN112725239B (en) | Decomposition agent for degrading cellulose and deodorizing function as well as preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN109042227A (en) | The method of rice hulls depth fermentation and the application in the high-end matrix of production | |
| CN104744089A (en) | Composite microbial inoculum, organic fertilizer prepared by utilizing composite microbial inoculum to ferment bird excreta, and preparation method of organic fertilizer | |
| CN108410772A (en) | A kind of preparation method of straw biological decomposing agent |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: 410326 Yangliu village, chunkou Town, Liuyang City, Changsha City, Hunan Province Applicant after: HUNAN XIANGHUI AGRICULTURE TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. Address before: 410000 No. 1 Yonghe Road, Liuyang high tech Industrial Development Zone, Changsha, Hunan Applicant before: HUNAN XIANGHUI AGRICULTURE TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20181221 |