CN109037956B - Radar stealth super-surface system with beam convergence function and radar - Google Patents
Radar stealth super-surface system with beam convergence function and radar Download PDFInfo
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- CN109037956B CN109037956B CN201810578378.8A CN201810578378A CN109037956B CN 109037956 B CN109037956 B CN 109037956B CN 201810578378 A CN201810578378 A CN 201810578378A CN 109037956 B CN109037956 B CN 109037956B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/004—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective using superconducting materials or magnetised substrates
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of antenna parts or devices combined with antennas, and discloses a radar stealth super-surface system and a radar with a beam convergence function. The upper surface of the dielectric plate is coated with copper in a cross shape, and required phase compensation can be realized by reasonably setting the cross arm length. According to the phase compensation principle, reasonably setting the cross arm length of the transmission type unit to form an 8 x 8 transmission array; the artificial magnetic conductor array and the transmission array are connected by using screws, nuts and sleeves, so that a radar stealth super-surface with a beam convergence function is formed. According to the invention, the frequency selective surface is used for replacing a metal ground of a traditional artificial magnetic conductor, so that RCS reduction of the artificial magnetic conductor array in a reflection frequency band is ensured, and meanwhile, wave beam convergence of electromagnetic waves in a transmission frequency band can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antenna parts or devices combined with antennas, and particularly relates to a radar stealth super-surface system and a radar with a beam convergence function.
Background
Currently, the current state of the art commonly used in the industry is such that:stealth is a technology for reducing the detection of electromagnetic waves, sound waves, infrared light, visible light and other detection systems, and is an important part of modern electronic warfare. Among them, radar stealth technology for electromagnetic waves is a focus and focus of research. Radar Cross-Section (RCS) is a measure of the return scattered power in a given direction when a target is irradiated in a certain direction, and is an important parameter for characterizing the recognizable characteristics of the target in Radar detection technology, stealth technology and anti-stealth technology. The radar characteristics of the target of the party can be reduced through RCS reduction, so that the detection signal of the radar of the enemy is weakened or disabled, and the survival capability of the radar of the party is improved. The antenna on the platform contributes the most to our target RCS, so that it becomes a hot spot in research today to lower the RCS of our antenna, and the reduction of RCS will provide a key role for complex electromagnetic wars. At present, RCS is reduced at home and abroadRadar wave-absorbing materials and passive cancellation technology are adopted to change the appearance and the super-surface of the antenna. The first two methods are only applicable to high frequency bands; changing the antenna profile deteriorates the radiation performance of the antenna, and the RCS reduction effect is small. Super-surfaces typically employ a frequency selective surface and artificial magnetic conductors to reduce the target RCS: the use of a frequency selective surface instead of metallic ground for the antenna can achieve RCS reduction in the band but not out of band and with a narrower bandwidth. The artificial magnetic conductor realizes RCS reduction through influencing the scattered field, thereby combines ideal electric conductor and artificial magnetic conductor to realize that the phase difference is two kinds of back waves of 180 on the chessboard type structure, thereby the back wave interferes mutually and has offset the scattered field in the incident direction, realizes RCS reduction. In order to expand the bandwidth, two kinds of artificial magnetic conductors with a phase difference of 180 degrees in a designed frequency band are often adopted for checkerboard type arrangement, and RCS reduction in a wider frequency band is further realized. Artificial magnetic conductors are often used to place on metal surfaces to reduce the RCS of the metal. Since the artificial magnetic conductor is made of metal as a ground, when the artificial magnetic conductor is mounted on an antenna, the radiation of electromagnetic waves is limited, and the performance of the antenna is deteriorated. At present, the technology of slotting the artificial magnetic conductor array is available, so that an antenna can radiate electromagnetic waves to a free space, the problem that the antenna cannot radiate is solved, but due to the fact that slotting is carried out on the array, the electromagnetic waves of an enemy radar penetrate the surface of the enemy radar through a slot, RCS reduction performance is reduced, the enemy radar is detected by the enemy, and the survival rate of the enemy radar is reduced to a certain extent. Moreover, the performance of the antenna loaded with the array is still deteriorated to a certain degree, the gain of the antenna is reduced to a certain degree, a radiation directional diagram is deformed to a certain degree, the deterioration of the performance of the antenna can cause the scanning and detecting performance of the radar of one party to be deteriorated, and the problem is not solved fundamentally. In summary, ensuring high-gain radiation of radar signals of our party and not reflecting or scattering radar signals of an enemy party are a problem which is difficult to solve due to contradiction. The problem that the artificial magnetic conductor has reflection characteristics for all frequency electromagnetic waves becomes a key point and a difficult point of research. In addition, when loading the designed arrayThen, it is another difficulty of the current research that the antenna performance is not deteriorated but can be effectively improved.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows:at present, the technology of slotting the artificial magnetic conductor array enables an antenna to radiate electromagnetic waves to a free space, the RCS reduction performance is reduced, and the performance of the antenna loaded with the array is still deteriorated to a certain degree.
The difficulty and significance for solving the technical problems are as follows:the problem that the RCS performance is poor due to the fact that the artificial magnetic conductor array is slotted, and electromagnetic waves cannot be radiated due to the fact that the artificial magnetic conductor array is not slotted is difficult to solve. Therefore, a novel super-surface is designed, the RCS reduction is realized, the negative influence on the antenna radiation is avoided, the performance of the antenna is improved, and the function of converging beams becomes a hotspot and difficulty of research. The novel super surface can not only improve the survival capability of the radar of the same party, but also improve the communication detection capability of the radar, and has great application prospect in electromagnetic wars.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a radar stealth super-surface system with a beam convergence function and a radar.
The invention is realized in such a way that the radar stealth super-surface system with the beam convergence function is provided with an artificial magnetic conductor array on the upper layer and a transmission array on the lower layer, wherein the arrays are connected through screws, nuts and sleeves. The invention is composed of 8-8 super surface units, and the super surface unit is composed of two parts: an artificial magnetic conductor unit, a transmission type unit; the upper layer artificial magnetic conductor unit realizes RCS reduction through a chessboard type array, and the lower layer transmission type unit realizes beam convergence according to a phase compensation principle array.
Further, the upper layer of the artificial magnetic conductor unit is coated with copper and is in a metal rectangle shape, and the metal rectangle is divided into: a unit rotated by 0 ° and rotated by 90 °.
Furthermore, the units rotated by 0 degree and 90 degrees respectively form 2 × 2 sub-arrays to perform checkerboard type arrangement, and further form 4 × 4 checkerboard type arrays.
Further, the transmission type unit is a two-layer dielectric slab connected through a metal column;
the upper surface of the dielectric plate is coated with copper in a cross shape.
Further, the artificial magnetic conductor unit and the transmission type unit adopt an F4BM-2 dielectric slab with the dielectric constant of 2.65;
the artificial magnetic conductor unit and the transmission type unit have the structural parameter values as follows: t is t1＝3mm,t2＝2mm,h1＝4mm,h2＝6mm,r＝0.5mm,L1＝4.7mm,W1＝3mm,W2＝6mm,W3＝8mm,L2＝14mm,d＝4.3mm。
Another object of the present invention is to provide a radar using the radar stealth super-surface system with beam convergence function.
In summary, the advantages and positive effects of the invention are:the transmission type unit is a two-layer dielectric plate connected through a metal column. The upper surface of the dielectric plate is coated with copper in a cross shape, and required phase compensation can be realized by reasonably setting the cross arm length. According to the phase compensation principle, reasonably setting the cross arm length of the transmission type unit to form an 8 x 8 transmission array; the artificial magnetic conductor array and the transmission array are connected by using screws, nuts and sleeves, so that a radar stealth super-surface with a beam convergence function is formed.
According to the invention, the frequency selective surface is used for replacing a metal ground of a traditional artificial magnetic conductor, so that RCS reduction of the artificial magnetic conductor array in a reflection frequency band is ensured, and meanwhile, wave beam convergence of electromagnetic waves in a transmission frequency band can be realized. The traditional artificial magnetic conductor has the characteristic of reflecting electromagnetic waves in a full frequency band due to the use of metal ground, and cannot be loaded above a radar. The use of the technique of slotting the artificial magnetic conductor deteriorates the performance of the antenna, and the RCS reduction effect is deteriorated, which makes it impossible to use the antenna widely. The frequency selective surface is used for replacing a metal ground, the defect that electromagnetic waves radiated by the radar of our party cannot be radiated to a free space due to the fact that the traditional artificial magnetic conductor is used is overcome, the same function as that of the traditional artificial magnetic conductor can be achieved in the frequency band of electromagnetic waves of an enemy, and normal passing of the electromagnetic waves can be guaranteed in the working frequency band of the radar of our party. Compared with the slotting technology, the good RCS reduction effect is ensured, meanwhile, the performance of the antenna is not deteriorated, and on the contrary, due to the effect of the transmission array, the wave beams are converged, and the performance of the antenna is optimized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a radar stealth super-surface system with a beam converging function according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. an artificial magnetic conductor unit; 2. a transmissive unit.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a unit of a radar stealth super-surface system with a beam convergence function according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: (a) a side view; (b) the upper layer of the artificial magnetic conductor is coated with copper and rotates by 0 degree; (c) the upper layer of the artificial magnetic conductor is coated with copper and rotates for 90 degrees; (d) an artificial magnetic conductor underlying frequency selective surface; (e) a low profile transmissive cell upper and lower dielectric layers.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an operating state of a radar stealth super-surface system having a beam converging function according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: (a) a radar stealth working principle schematic diagram; (b) the working principle of beam convergence is shown schematically.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
According to the invention, the frequency selective surface is used for replacing a metal ground of a traditional artificial magnetic conductor, so that RCS reduction of the artificial magnetic conductor array in a reflection frequency band is ensured, and meanwhile, wave beam convergence of electromagnetic waves in a transmission frequency band can be realized.
The following detailed description of the principles of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a radar stealth super-surface system with a beam converging function provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes: artificial magnetic conductor unit 1, transmission type unit 2.
The artificial magnetic conductor unit 1 is connected to the transmission type unit 2 by a screw, a nut, and a sleeve.
The lower layer of the artificial magnetic conductor unit 1 uses a frequency selective surface to replace metal ground, the passband of the frequency selective surface is set to be the same frequency band as the radar of our party, and the stopband is set to be the frequency band of the radar of the enemy party. In the bandstop, 1 work of artificial magnetic conductor unit, 1 upper strata copper-clad of artificial magnetic conductor unit is the metal rectangle, and then divide into two kinds with the unit: the units rotated by 0 degree (A) and 90 degrees (B) form a phase difference of 180 degrees between the A and B units by setting reasonable length and width. Within the passband of the frequency selective surface, the transmissive element operates. The transmission type element 2 is a two-layer dielectric plate connected by metal posts. The upper surface of the dielectric plate is coated with copper in a cross shape, and required phase compensation can be realized by reasonably setting the cross arm length.
And respectively forming the artificial magnetic conductor units A and B into 2-by-2 sub-arrays for chessboard-like arrangement, and further forming 4-by-4 chessboard-like arrays. According to the phase compensation principle, the transmission type unit cross arm length is reasonably set to form an 8 x 8 transmission array. The artificial magnetic conductor array and the transmission array are connected by using screws, nuts and sleeves, so that a radar stealth super-surface with a beam convergence function is formed.
The application of the principles of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-3: the upper and lower layer units of the invention all adopt F4BM-2 dielectric plates with dielectric constant of 2.65, and the dielectric plates have stable dielectric constant while ensuring low price. The values of the unit structure parameters are: t is t1＝3mm,t2＝2mm,h1＝4mm,h2＝6mm,r＝0.5mm,L1＝4.7mm,W1＝3mm,W2＝6mm,W3＝8mm,L214mm, and 4.3 mm. This ensures that the artificial magnetic conductors A and B have a phase difference of 180 + -30 DEG in the reflection frequency band (13.5-18GHz) and the transmission type unit has a phase coverage angle of more than 250 DEG and a transmittance of more than 88% in the transmission frequency point (8.7 GHz). In addition, conventional transmission type sheetThe transmission type unit uses metal columns to connect two layers of the transmission type unit, and has higher phase covering angle and transmissivity while realizing a low-profile structure.
After the 2 x 2 subarrays of the artificial magnetic conductors A and B are arranged in a checkerboard mode, RCS reduction performance can be achieved for enemy radars. The distance from the array to the radar is preset, the transmission array can convert electromagnetic waves emitted by the radar from spherical waves into plane waves through phase compensation of the units, directionality of the beams is enhanced, the radar beams are converged, and gain is improved.
The radar antenna is fixed above the radar according to a preset distance, and when an enemy radar irradiates the radar of the own party, the enemy radar firstly irradiates the radar antenna. Because the electromagnetic wave radiated by the enemy radar is positioned at the stop band (13.5-18GHz), the A, B subarray can reflect the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the enemy radar, the phase difference of the electromagnetic waves reflected by the two subarrays is about 180 degrees, the two electromagnetic waves with the phase difference of 180 degrees interfere with each other, and then the two electromagnetic waves can be offset in the incident direction, so that the RCS in the incident direction is reduced, and the stealth effect is achieved on the radar of our party. When the radar of our party radiates electromagnetic waves (8.7GHz), quasi-spherical waves have difference in phase when reaching the radar, the cross arm length is reasonably set to perform phase compensation, so that the electromagnetic waves have the same phase, the spherical waves are converted into plane waves, and the electromagnetic waves can guarantee the characteristics of high gain and low sidelobe to radiate and converge the beams because the frequency of the electromagnetic waves of our party is in a pass band.
The invention has strong expansibility and can be applied to RCS reduction and beam convergence of radars with various calibers. The reasonable super-surface caliber is set according to the size of the radar, and the RCS reduction and beam convergence functions of various radars can be realized according to the phase compensation size of the preset focal length adjusting unit.
The 8 x 8 array of the present invention is suitable for 120mm x 120mm aperture radars. When the artificial magnetic conductor unit is applied to different radars, the subarrays of the artificial magnetic conductor unit still adopt checkerboard type arrangement, the arm lengths of the metal crosses of the transmission type units at different positions are set according to the preset focal length and phase compensation principle, an array with the size equal to or slightly larger than the radar caliber is formed by selecting the proper array scale, and the RCS reduction and beam convergence performance of different radars can be realized by loading the array above the radar.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A radar stealth super-surface system with beam converging function, characterized in that the radar stealth super-surface system with beam converging function comprises: an artificial magnetic conductor unit, a transmission type unit; the artificial magnetic conductor unit is connected with the transmission type unit through a screw, a nut and a sleeve;
the artificial magnetic conductor unit realizes RCS reduction through chessboard type array; the lower transmission type unit realizes beam convergence according to the phase compensation principle;
the upper layer of the artificial magnetic conductor unit is coated with copper and is in a metal rectangle shape, and the upper layer of the artificial magnetic conductor unit is divided into: a unit rotated by 0 ° and 90 °;
the lower layer of the artificial magnetic conductor unit uses a frequency selection surface to replace a metal ground, so that the artificial magnetic conductor array can realize RCS reduction in a reflection frequency band and realize electromagnetic wave beam convergence in a transmission frequency band;
the transmission type unit is two layers of dielectric slabs connected through metal columns, the upper surface of each dielectric slab is coated with copper in a cross shape, and needed phase compensation is achieved by reasonably setting the length of a cross arm;
the units rotating by 0 degree and 90 degrees respectively form 2 x 2 sub-arrays for carrying out chessboard type arrangement, and further form 4 x 4 chessboard type arrays.
2. The radar stealth super-surface system with beam condensing function of claim 1, wherein the artificial magnetic conductor unit and the transmission type unit are F4BM-2 dielectric slabs with dielectric constant of 2.65;
the artificial magnetic conductor unit and the transmission type unit have the structural parameter values as follows: t 1-3 mm, t 2-2 mm, h 1-4 mm, h 2-6 mm, r-0.5 mm, L1-4.7 mm, W1-3 mm, W2-6 mm, W3-8 mm, L2-14 mm, d-4.3 mm; t1, the thickness of an artificial magnetic conductor medium, t2, the thickness of a transmission type unit medium, h1, the distance between the artificial magnetic conductor and an upper transmission type unit, h2, the distance between two transmission type units, r, the radius of a metal column connecting the upper transmission type unit and the lower transmission type unit, L1, the length of a rectangular copper-clad layer on the front side of the artificial magnetic conductor, W1, the width of a rectangular copper-clad layer on the front side of the artificial magnetic conductor, W2, the length of a square on the back side of the artificial magnetic conductor, W3, the width of a rectangular groove on the back side of the artificial magnetic conductor, L2, the length of a rectangular groove on.
3. A radar using the radar stealth super-surface system with beam condensing function according to any one of claims 1 to 2.
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| CN111900546B (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2021-07-20 | 西安电子科技大学 | Hybrid-mechanism electromagnetic super-surface for wide-band wide-angle RCS reduction |
| CN113013607B (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2022-02-01 | 西南交通大学 | Low profile low RCS Fabry-Perot resonator antenna |
| CN115334524B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2024-03-08 | 中通服咨询设计研究院有限公司 | Communication and radar target detection method based on omnidirectional intelligent super surface |
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