Summary of the invention:
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art and provide, a kind of design is reasonable, is passed using wireless
It is defeated, both avoided contact friction, also improve measurement accuracy, also extend service life of equipment based on electromagnetic induction principle
Multi-purpose ultrasound works state vibration amplitude measurement method and device.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of multi-purpose ultrasound works state vibration amplitude measurement method based on electromagnetic induction principle, comprising the following steps:
(1) upper end of amplitude transformer is installed in knife handle, is surrounded in the middle part of the lower end installation tool head of amplitude transformer, amplitude transformer
Interior loop and exterior loop, exterior loop are fixed by the bracket, and are clamped the measured tool heads of the horizontal segment clamping of support arm, are clamped support arm
The stub of vertical section lower end be located in permanent magnet, permanent magnet, interior loop and knife handle are fixed together by retainer, make work
Have head, clamp support arm, stub, permanent magnet, interior loop synchronously rotates with spindle together with knife handle;
(2) it adjusts and keeps rack position, be located at stub at permanent magnet uniform magnetic field, clamp two metals of the vertical section of support arm
Guide rail upper end adjusts exterior loop position, keeps interior loop, exterior loop coaxial not in magnetic field;
(3) interior loop both ends connection jaws are connected with metal guide rail upper end by connecting line, with conducting wire connection exterior loop, amplifying circuit,
Oscillograph;
(4) ultrasonic vibration system power supply is connected, when processing is stablized, survey calculation result: motional electromotive force E1=BLV, permanent magnet
Magnetic induction density B and stub length L are certain, electromotive force E1Directly proportional to the vibration velocity under supersonic frequency, inner-outer coil is mutual
Feel E2=ΨE1, Ψ is uniquely determined by the relative position and the number of turns of inner-outer coil, by kE after k times of amplification of oscillograph output2Voltage
Waveform, it is known that the changing rule of the speed V of stub cutting magnetic induction line takes the absolute value of speed in n cycle time to be accumulated
It point calculates, it to get the amplitude of tool heads is a/2 that calculate average value, which be a,.
The clamping support arm includes horizontal segment and vertical section, and L-shaped, horizontal segment is made of two insulating guide rails, vertical section
For metal guide rail, by collet clamping tool head, vertical section is two metal guide rails for horizontal segment left end, and lower end connects conductor
Stick.
Under main shaft high speed rotation, rigidity can reach requirement for the retainer and clamping support arm;The metal guide rail,
It is provided with shell outside stub, permanent magnet, to prevent cutting fluid from having an impact to measurement, and permanent magnet bottom the Distance tool head
Working face is remote enough.
The exterior loop and interior loop are located at same level height and keep coaxial arrangement, so that the magnetic strength that interior loop generates
Line all passes through exterior loop, increases radio transmission efficiency.Amplitude transformer includes piezoelectric ceramics, energy converter and amplitude transformer, also, luffing
Bar is provided with cylindrical section, ring flange, conical section and lower cylindrical section.
A kind of multi-purpose ultrasound works state amplitude measuring apparatus based on electromagnetic induction principle, including amplitude transformer, the luffing
Device upper end is mounted in knife handle, and the lower end of the amplitude transformer is equipped with tool heads, is surrounded with interior loop in the middle part of the amplitude transformer
And exterior loop, the exterior loop are fixed by the bracket, and clamp the measured tool heads of the horizontal segment clamping of support arm, the folder
The stub of the vertical section lower end of tight support arm is located in permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet, interior loop and knife handle are fixed by retainer
Together, make tool heads, clamp support arm, stub, permanent magnet, interior loop synchronously rotates with spindle together with knife handle;Interior loop
Both ends connection jaws are connected with metal guide rail upper end by connecting line, connect exterior loop, amplifying circuit, oscillograph with conducting wire;The work
When having hair life ultrasonic frequency vibratory, vibration velocity is big, and the stub fly-cutting magnetic induction line generates induced electromotive force and sense
Electric current is answered, electric signal is transferred to interior loop, and the interior loop and exterior loop mutual inductance, amplifying circuit amplify signal, by oscillograph
Output voltage waveforms, the velocity image of stub, can obtain tool under working condition known to voltage oscillogram after integrated calculating
The amplitude of head.
The clamping support arm includes horizontal segment and vertical section, and L-shaped, horizontal segment is made of two insulating guide rails, vertical section
For metal guide rail, by collet clamping tool head, vertical section is two metal guide rails for horizontal segment left end, and lower end connects conductor
Stick.
Under main shaft high speed rotation, rigidity can reach requirement for the retainer and clamping support arm;The metal guide rail,
It is provided with shell outside stub, permanent magnet, to prevent cutting fluid from having an impact to measurement, and permanent magnet bottom the Distance tool head
Working face is remote enough.
The exterior loop and interior loop are located at same level height and keep coaxial arrangement, so that the magnetic strength that interior loop generates
Line all passes through exterior loop, increases radio transmission efficiency.Amplitude transformer includes piezoelectric ceramics, energy converter and amplitude transformer, also, luffing
Bar is provided with cylindrical section, ring flange, conical section and lower cylindrical section;The tool heads are milling cutter, brill in ultrasonic wave added processing
Head, bistrique.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, Ultrasonic machining frequency of the present invention is higher, studies have shown that tool heads amplitude is 10 μm, tool when vibration frequency is 23kHz
Head maximum velocity is moved in magnetic field, gained voltage and current signal easily measures, micro- up to 1.45m/s with the speed
Weak mechanical oscillation are amplified by electric signal, greatly reduce measurement error.
2, the crucial place of the present invention also resides in that the present invention overcomes existing measurement methods not to be capable of measuring amplitude under working condition
Difficulty, get rid of in the actual processing process due to the clamping of knife handle, frequency drift, temperature change, lathe vibration and apply
Influence of a variety of processing factors such as loaded difference to amplitude measurement, thus the present invention is influenced smaller by measurement environment.
3, interior loop of the present invention, permanent magnet and knife handle are connected, and interior loop is fixed, exterior loop rotates, and interior loop, exterior loop are adopted
With wireless transmission, overcomes stub and be difficult to measure the difficulty of electric signal with main shaft high speed rotation.
4, the present invention is suitable for a variety of processing methods such as ultrasonic wave added milling, drilling, grinding, processes amplitude for ultrasonic wave added
Measurement provide new unified method, implementation easy to spread is with good economic efficiency.
Embodiment: referring to figures 1-3, in figure, 1- knife handle, 2- amplitude transformer, 3- interior loop, 4- exterior loop, 5- bracket, 6- tool
Head, 7- amplifying circuit, 8- oscillograph, 9- retainer, 10- horizontal segment insulating guide rail, 11- permanent magnet, 12- conducting wire, 13- clamp branch
Arm, 14- metal guide rail, 15- stub, 16- piezoelectric ceramics, 17- energy converter, cylindrical section in 18- amplitude transformer, 19- ring flange,
20- amplitude transformer conical section, 21- amplitude transformer lower cylindrical section.
Multi-purpose ultrasound works state vibration amplitude measurement method based on electromagnetic induction principle, comprising the following steps:
(1) upper end of amplitude transformer 2 is installed in knife handle 1, at the lower end installation tool head 6 of amplitude transformer 2, the middle part of amplitude transformer 2
It is surrounded with interior loop 3 and exterior loop 4, exterior loop 4 is fixed by bracket 5, clamps the measured work of the horizontal segment clamping of support arm 13
Has head 6, the stub 15 for clamping the vertical section lower end of support arm 13 is located in permanent magnet 11, permanent magnet 11, interior loop 3 and knife handle 1
It is fixed together by retainer 9, makes tool heads 6, clamps support arm 13, stub 15, permanent magnet 11, interior loop 3 and knife handle 1 one
It is same to synchronously rotate with spindle;
(2) 9 position of retainer is adjusted, is located at stub 15 at 11 uniform magnetic field of permanent magnet, clamps the vertical section of support arm 13
Two 14 upper ends of metal guide rail adjust 4 position of exterior loop not in magnetic field, keep interior loop 3, exterior loop 4 coaxial;
(3) 3 both ends connection jaws of interior loop are connected with 14 upper end of metal guide rail by connecting line, with conducting wire connection exterior loop 4, amplification electricity
Road 7, oscillograph 8;
(4) when ultrasonic frequency vibratory occurs for tool heads 6, vibration velocity is big, and 15 fly-cutting magnetic induction line of stub generates induced electricity
Kinetic potential and induced current, electric signal are transferred to interior loop 3,4 mutual inductance of interior loop 3 and exterior loop, and amplifying circuit 7 amplifies signal,
By 8 output voltage waveforms of oscillograph, the velocity image of stub, can obtain work shape known to voltage oscillogram after integrated calculating
The amplitude of tool heads 6 under state.
Ultrasonic vibration system power supply is connected, when processing is stablized, survey calculation result: motional electromotive force E1=BLV, permanent magnet
Magnetic induction density B and stub length L it is certain, electromotive force E1It is directly proportional to the vibration velocity under supersonic frequency, inner-outer coil
Mutual inductance E2=ΨE1, Ψ is uniquely determined by the relative position and the number of turns of inner-outer coil, by kE after k times of amplification of oscillograph output2Electricity
Corrugating, it is known that the changing rule of the speed V of stub cutting magnetic induction line takes the absolute value of speed in n cycle time to carry out
Integral calculation, it to get the amplitude of tool heads is a/2 that calculate average value, which be a,.
Clamping support arm 13 includes horizontal segment and vertical section, and L-shaped, horizontal segment is made of two insulating guide rails 10, vertical section
For metal guide rail 14, by collet clamping tool head 6, vertical section is two metal guide rails 14, lower end connection for horizontal segment left end
Stub 15.
Under main shaft high speed rotation, rigidity can reach requirement for retainer 9 and clamping support arm 13;Metal guide rail 14 is led
It is provided with shell outside body stick 15, permanent magnet 11, to prevent cutting fluid from having an impact to measurement, and 11 bottom of permanent magnet is apart from work
It is remote enough to have 6 working face of head.
Exterior loop 4 and interior loop 3 are located at same level height and keep coaxial arrangement, so that the magnetic strength that interior loop 3 generates
Line all passes through exterior loop 4, increases radio transmission efficiency.Amplitude transformer includes piezoelectric ceramics 16, energy converter 17 and amplitude transformer, and
And amplitude transformer is provided with cylindrical section 18, ring flange 19, conical section 20 and lower cylindrical section 21.
It clamps support arm 13, permanent magnet 11 and knife handle 1 to be connected, interior loop 3, exterior loop 4 overcome conductor using wireless transmission
Stick 15 is difficult to measure the difficulty of electric signal with main shaft high speed rotation, is achieved the measurement of amplitude under working condition.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention in any form, it is all
It is any simple modification, equivalent change and modification to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention, still falls within
In the range of technical solution of the present invention.